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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en"><italic>In vitro</italic>
α-amylase inhibitory activity and <italic>in vivo</italic>
hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
Montr. fruit</title>
<author><name sortKey="Uddin, Nizam" sort="Uddin, Nizam" uniqKey="Uddin N" first="Nizam" last="Uddin">Nizam Uddin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hasan, Md Rakib" sort="Hasan, Md Rakib" uniqKey="Hasan M" first="Md. Rakib" last="Hasan">Md. Rakib Hasan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hossain, Md Monir" sort="Hossain, Md Monir" uniqKey="Hossain M" first="Md. Monir" last="Hossain">Md. Monir Hossain</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sarker, Arjyabrata" sort="Sarker, Arjyabrata" uniqKey="Sarker A" first="Arjyabrata" last="Sarker">Arjyabrata Sarker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hasan, A H M Nazmul" sort="Hasan, A H M Nazmul" uniqKey="Hasan A" first="A. H. M. Nazmul" last="Hasan">A. H. M. Nazmul Hasan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Islam, A F M Mahmudul" sort="Islam, A F M Mahmudul" uniqKey="Islam A" first="A. F. M. Mahmudul" last="Islam">A. F. M. Mahmudul Islam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Mohd Motaher H" sort="Chowdhury, Mohd Motaher H" uniqKey="Chowdhury M" first="Mohd. Motaher H." last="Chowdhury">Mohd. Motaher H. Chowdhury</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rana, Md Sohel" sort="Rana, Md Sohel" uniqKey="Rana M" first="Md. Sohel" last="Rana">Md. Sohel Rana</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">25182949</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3994357</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3994357</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3994357</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C1173</idno>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C50</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>In vitro</italic>
α-amylase inhibitory activity and <italic>in vivo</italic>
hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
Montr. fruit</title>
<author><name sortKey="Uddin, Nizam" sort="Uddin, Nizam" uniqKey="Uddin N" first="Nizam" last="Uddin">Nizam Uddin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hasan, Md Rakib" sort="Hasan, Md Rakib" uniqKey="Hasan M" first="Md. Rakib" last="Hasan">Md. Rakib Hasan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hossain, Md Monir" sort="Hossain, Md Monir" uniqKey="Hossain M" first="Md. Monir" last="Hossain">Md. Monir Hossain</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sarker, Arjyabrata" sort="Sarker, Arjyabrata" uniqKey="Sarker A" first="Arjyabrata" last="Sarker">Arjyabrata Sarker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hasan, A H M Nazmul" sort="Hasan, A H M Nazmul" uniqKey="Hasan A" first="A. H. M. Nazmul" last="Hasan">A. H. M. Nazmul Hasan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Islam, A F M Mahmudul" sort="Islam, A F M Mahmudul" uniqKey="Islam A" first="A. F. M. Mahmudul" last="Islam">A. F. M. Mahmudul Islam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Mohd Motaher H" sort="Chowdhury, Mohd Motaher H" uniqKey="Chowdhury M" first="Mohd. Motaher H." last="Chowdhury">Mohd. Motaher H. Chowdhury</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rana, Md Sohel" sort="Rana, Md Sohel" uniqKey="Rana M" first="Md. Sohel" last="Rana">Md. Sohel Rana</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2221-1691</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title>
<p>To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
Montr.fruit in α-amylase inhibitory activity (<italic>in vitro</italic>
) and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats (<italic>in vivo</italic>
).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Fruits of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
without rind was extracted with pure methanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochemical constituents, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Presence of saponin, steroid and terpenoid were identified in the extract. The results showed that fruit extract had moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity [IC<sub>50</sub>
value=(3.638±0.190) mg/mL] as compared to acarbose. Moreover at 500 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg doses fruit extract significantly (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05 and <italic>P</italic>
<0.01 respectively) reduced fasting blood glucose level in normal rats as compared to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). In oral glucose tolerance test, 500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05) at 2 h but 1 000 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05 and <italic>P</italic>
<0.01 respectively) whereas glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after administration. Overall time effect is also considered extremely significant with <italic>F</italic>
value=23.83 and <italic>P</italic>
value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance test.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agent.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Asian Pac J Trop Biomed</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Asian Pac J Trop Biomed</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">APJTB</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2221-1691</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25182949</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3994357</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">apjtb-04-06-473</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C1173</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Basic Researches</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title><italic>In vitro</italic>
α-amylase inhibitory activity and <italic>in vivo</italic>
hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
Montr. fruit</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uddin</surname>
<given-names>Nizam</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hasan</surname>
<given-names>Md. Rakib</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hossain</surname>
<given-names>Md. Monir</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sarker</surname>
<given-names>Arjyabrata</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hasan</surname>
<given-names>A.H.M. Nazmul</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Islam</surname>
<given-names>A.F.M. Mahmudul</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chowdhury</surname>
<given-names>Mohd. Motaher H.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rana</surname>
<given-names>Md. Sohel</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh</addr-line>
</aff>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="reviewer"><name><surname>Khalil</surname>
<given-names>Ibrahim</given-names>
<prefix>Dr.</prefix>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.</addr-line>
Tel:<phone>+88-7791045-51 (Ext.1379)</phone>
E-mail:<email>drmikhalil@yahoo.com</email>
</aff>
<author-notes><fn fn-type="other"><p><bold>Comments:</bold>
This research is an excellent piece of work where hypoglycemic effect of a fruit extract from Citrus macroptera observed and this is a unique work of this fruit in the world as far as I know. Author coherently discussed therapeutic properties of phytochemical constituents to support the hypoglycemic potential of the fruit extract. α-Amylase inhibition property and OGTT was performed for this research and the result was significant; also there was a set up of standard methodology. Details on Page 478</p>
</fn>
<corresp id="cor1">*Corresponding author: Nizam Uddin, Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh. Tel: <phone>+8801763148391</phone>
E-mail: <email>sami.pharm22@gmail.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>473</fpage>
<lpage>479</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec><title>Objective</title>
<p>To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
Montr.fruit in α-amylase inhibitory activity (<italic>in vitro</italic>
) and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats (<italic>in vivo</italic>
).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>Fruits of <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
without rind was extracted with pure methanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochemical constituents, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Presence of saponin, steroid and terpenoid were identified in the extract. The results showed that fruit extract had moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity [IC<sub>50</sub>
value=(3.638±0.190) mg/mL] as compared to acarbose. Moreover at 500 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg doses fruit extract significantly (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05 and <italic>P</italic>
<0.01 respectively) reduced fasting blood glucose level in normal rats as compared to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). In oral glucose tolerance test, 500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05) at 2 h but 1 000 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h (<italic>P</italic>
<0.05 and <italic>P</italic>
<0.01 respectively) whereas glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after administration. Overall time effect is also considered extremely significant with <italic>F</italic>
value=23.83 and <italic>P</italic>
value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance test.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agent.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Diabetes mellitus</kwd>
<kwd>Hypoglycemic</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Citrus macroptera</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>α-Amylase</kwd>
<kwd>OGTT</kwd>
<kwd>Glibenclamide</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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