OrangerV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000226

Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit

Identifieur interne : 000226 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000225; suivant : 000227

Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit

Auteurs : Timothy M. Spann ; Michelle D. Danyluk

Source :

HortScience [ 0018-5345 ] ; 2010.

RBID : Pascal:10-0423654

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Récolte mécanique, Augmentation, Feuille végétal, Tige, Débris, Canopée, Mécanisation, Horticulture, Rutaceae, Citrus sinensis, Agrume, <<>>.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Canopy(vegetation), Citrus fruit, Citrus sinensis, Debris, Horticulture, Increase, Mechanical harvesting, Mechanization, Plant leaf, Rutaceae, Stem.

Abstract

The adoption of mechanical harvesting for processing oranges is a major objective of the Florida citrus industry. A number of issues have slowed the adoption of this new technology, including the observation that the amount of leaves, stems, and dead branches (collectively termed "debris") is greater in mechanically harvested than in hand-harvested loads of fruit. This debris increases transportation and processing costs. The objective of this research was to determine the amount and types of debris in mechanically harvested loads of sweet oranges compared with hand-harvested controls. Mechanical harvesting was found to increase the amount of debris per load of fruit by as much as 250% compared with hand-harvested fruit. This translates into ≃108 kg of debris compared with 71 kg (fresh weight) per 27 t load for mechanically harvested and hand-harvested fruit, respectively. Across harvesting method, leaves were the largest component of debris, accounting for ≃60% of total debris, small stems (less than 5 mm diameter) accounted for ≃35%, and the remaining 5% was large stems (greater than 5 mm diameter). In addition, the amount of sand on the surface of mechanically harvested fruit that was picked up from the orchard floor was found to be up to 10 times greater compared with hand-harvested controls. Engineers developing debris elimination systems for mechanical harvesting systems can use the data from this study to determine the performance requirements of their systems. The data are also useful for economic analyses of the costs of mechanical harvesting.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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A11	`02`	`1`		`@1 DANYLUK (Michelle D.)`
A14	`01`			`@1 University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road @2 Lake Alfred, FL 33850 @3 USA @Z 1 aut.`
A14	`02`			`@1 University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road @2 Lake Alfred, FL 33850 @3 USA @Z 2 aut.`
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C01	`01`		`ENG`	@0 The adoption of mechanical harvesting for processing oranges is a major objective of the Florida citrus industry. A number of issues have slowed the adoption of this new technology, including the observation that the amount of leaves, stems, and dead branches (collectively termed "debris") is greater in mechanically harvested than in hand-harvested loads of fruit. This debris increases transportation and processing costs. The objective of this research was to determine the amount and types of debris in mechanically harvested loads of sweet oranges compared with hand-harvested controls. Mechanical harvesting was found to increase the amount of debris per load of fruit by as much as 250% compared with hand-harvested fruit. This translates into ≃108 kg of debris compared with 71 kg (fresh weight) per 27 t load for mechanically harvested and hand-harvested fruit, respectively. Across harvesting method, leaves were the largest component of debris, accounting for ≃60% of total debris, small stems (less than 5 mm diameter) accounted for ≃35%, and the remaining 5% was large stems (greater than 5 mm diameter). In addition, the amount of sand on the surface of mechanically harvested fruit that was picked up from the orchard floor was found to be up to 10 times greater compared with hand-harvested controls. Engineers developing debris elimination systems for mechanical harvesting systems can use the data from this study to determine the performance requirements of their systems. The data are also useful for economic analyses of the costs of mechanical harvesting.
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C03	`01`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Mechanical harvesting @5 01`
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C03	`03`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Feuille végétal @5 03`
C03	`03`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Plant leaf @5 03`
C03	`03`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Hoja vegetal @5 03`
C03	`04`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Tige @5 04`
C03	`04`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Stem @5 04`
C03	`04`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Tallo @5 04`
C03	`05`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Débris @5 05`
C03	`05`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Debris @5 05`
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C03	`09`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Rutaceae @2 NS @5 09`
C03	`10`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Citrus sinensis @2 NS @5 10`
C03	`10`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Citrus sinensis @2 NS @5 10`
C03	`10`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Citrus sinensis @2 NS @5 10`
C03	`11`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Agrume @5 15`
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C07	`03`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Spermatophyta @2 NS`
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N21				`@1 277`
N44	`01`			`@1 OTO`
N82				`@1 OTO`

Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 10-0423654 INIST
ET :	Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit
AU :	SPANN (Timothy M.); DANYLUK (Michelle D.)
AF :	University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (1 aut.); University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2010; Vol. 45; No. 8; Pp. 1297-1300; Bibl. 1/2 p.
LA :	Anglais
EA :	The adoption of mechanical harvesting for processing oranges is a major objective of the Florida citrus industry. A number of issues have slowed the adoption of this new technology, including the observation that the amount of leaves, stems, and dead branches (collectively termed "debris") is greater in mechanically harvested than in hand-harvested loads of fruit. This debris increases transportation and processing costs. The objective of this research was to determine the amount and types of debris in mechanically harvested loads of sweet oranges compared with hand-harvested controls. Mechanical harvesting was found to increase the amount of debris per load of fruit by as much as 250% compared with hand-harvested fruit. This translates into ≃108 kg of debris compared with 71 kg (fresh weight) per 27 t load for mechanically harvested and hand-harvested fruit, respectively. Across harvesting method, leaves were the largest component of debris, accounting for ≃60% of total debris, small stems (less than 5 mm diameter) accounted for ≃35%, and the remaining 5% was large stems (greater than 5 mm diameter). In addition, the amount of sand on the surface of mechanically harvested fruit that was picked up from the orchard floor was found to be up to 10 times greater compared with hand-harvested controls. Engineers developing debris elimination systems for mechanical harvesting systems can use the data from this study to determine the performance requirements of their systems. The data are also useful for economic analyses of the costs of mechanical harvesting.
CC :	002A32
FD :	Récolte mécanique; Augmentation; Feuille végétal; Tige; Débris; Canopée; Mécanisation; Horticulture; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Agrume; <<>>
FG :	Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Arbre fruitier; Plante fruitière; Appareil végétatif
ED :	Mechanical harvesting; Increase; Plant leaf; Stem; Debris; Canopy(vegetation); Mechanization; Horticulture; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Citrus fruit
EG :	Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Fruit tree; Fruit crop; Vegetative apparatus
SD :	Cosecha mecánica; Aumentación; Hoja vegetal; Tallo; Pedazos; Dosel; Mecanización; Horticultura; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Agrios
LO :	INIST-13300.354000192613540290
ID :	10-0423654

Links to Exploration step

Pascal:10-0423654

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The adoption of mechanical harvesting for processing oranges is a major objective of the Florida citrus industry. A number of issues have slowed the adoption of this new technology, including the observation that the amount of leaves, stems, and dead branches (collectively termed "debris") is greater in mechanically harvested than in hand-harvested loads of fruit. This debris increases transportation and processing costs. The objective of this research was to determine the amount and types of debris in mechanically harvested loads of sweet oranges compared with hand-harvested controls. Mechanical harvesting was found to increase the amount of debris per load of fruit by as much as 250% compared with hand-harvested fruit. This translates into ≃108 kg of debris compared with 71 kg (fresh weight) per 27 t load for mechanically harvested and hand-harvested fruit, respectively. Across harvesting method, leaves were the largest component of debris, accounting for ≃60% of total debris, small stems (less than 5 mm diameter) accounted for ≃35%, and the remaining 5% was large stems (greater than 5 mm diameter). In addition, the amount of sand on the surface of mechanically harvested fruit that was picked up from the orchard floor was found to be up to 10 times greater compared with hand-harvested controls. Engineers developing debris elimination systems for mechanical harvesting systems can use the data from this study to determine the performance requirements of their systems. The data are also useful for economic analyses of the costs of mechanical harvesting.</div>
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<s5>10</s5>
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<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Citrus sinensis</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>10</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Agrume</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Citrus fruit</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Agrios</s0>
<s5>15</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0><<>></s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>68</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dicotyledones</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Arbre fruitier</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit tree</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Arbol frutal</s0>
<s5>31</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Plante fruitière</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Fruit crop</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Planta frutal</s0>
<s5>32</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Appareil végétatif</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vegetative apparatus</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema vegetativo</s0>
<s5>33</s5>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>277</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
<server><NO>PASCAL 10-0423654 INIST</NO>
<ET>Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit</ET>
<AU>SPANN (Timothy M.); DANYLUK (Michelle D.)</AU>
<AF>University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (1 aut.); University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road/Lake Alfred, FL 33850/Etats-Unis (2 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>HortScience; ISSN 0018-5345; Coden HJHSAR; Etats-Unis; Da. 2010; Vol. 45; No. 8; Pp. 1297-1300; Bibl. 1/2 p.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>The adoption of mechanical harvesting for processing oranges is a major objective of the Florida citrus industry. A number of issues have slowed the adoption of this new technology, including the observation that the amount of leaves, stems, and dead branches (collectively termed "debris") is greater in mechanically harvested than in hand-harvested loads of fruit. This debris increases transportation and processing costs. The objective of this research was to determine the amount and types of debris in mechanically harvested loads of sweet oranges compared with hand-harvested controls. Mechanical harvesting was found to increase the amount of debris per load of fruit by as much as 250% compared with hand-harvested fruit. This translates into ≃108 kg of debris compared with 71 kg (fresh weight) per 27 t load for mechanically harvested and hand-harvested fruit, respectively. Across harvesting method, leaves were the largest component of debris, accounting for ≃60% of total debris, small stems (less than 5 mm diameter) accounted for ≃35%, and the remaining 5% was large stems (greater than 5 mm diameter). In addition, the amount of sand on the surface of mechanically harvested fruit that was picked up from the orchard floor was found to be up to 10 times greater compared with hand-harvested controls. Engineers developing debris elimination systems for mechanical harvesting systems can use the data from this study to determine the performance requirements of their systems. The data are also useful for economic analyses of the costs of mechanical harvesting.</EA>
<CC>002A32</CC>
<FD>Récolte mécanique; Augmentation; Feuille végétal; Tige; Débris; Canopée; Mécanisation; Horticulture; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Agrume; <<>></FD>
<FG>Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Arbre fruitier; Plante fruitière; Appareil végétatif</FG>
<ED>Mechanical harvesting; Increase; Plant leaf; Stem; Debris; Canopy(vegetation); Mechanization; Horticulture; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Citrus fruit</ED>
<EG>Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Fruit tree; Fruit crop; Vegetative apparatus</EG>
<SD>Cosecha mecánica; Aumentación; Hoja vegetal; Tallo; Pedazos; Dosel; Mecanización; Horticultura; Rutaceae; Citrus sinensis; Agrios</SD>
<LO>INIST-13300.354000192613540290</LO>
<ID>10-0423654</ID>
</server>
</inist>
</record>

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Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit

Mechanical Harvesting Increases Leaf and Stem Debris in Loads of Mechanically Harvested Citrus Fruit

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