OrangerV1, PascalFrancis, Corpus, bibRecord, 000225

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings

Identifieur interne : 000225 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000224; suivant : 000226

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings

Auteurs : J. P. Bonani ; A. Fereres ; E. Garzo ; M. P. Miranda ; B. Appezzato-Da-Gloria ; J. R. S. Lopes

Source :

Entomologia experimentalis et applicata [ 0013-8703 ] ; 2010.

RBID : Pascal:10-0431842

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Comportement alimentaire, Phytophage, Déprédateur, Arbre fruitier, Vecteur, Bactérie, Phytopathogène, Relation animal végétal, Citrus sinensis, Psyllidae, Diaphorina citri, Electropénétrographe.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animal plant relation, Bacteria, Citrus sinensis, Electric penetration graph, Feeding behavior, Fruit tree, Pest, Phytophagous, Plant pathogen, Psyllidae, Vector.

Abstract

Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.

Notice en format standard (ISO 2709)

Pour connaître la documentation sur le format Inist Standard.

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C01	`01`		`ENG`	@0 Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.
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C03	`02`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Phytophage @5 02`
C03	`02`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Phytophagous @5 02`
C03	`02`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Fitófago @5 02`
C03	`03`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Déprédateur @5 03`
C03	`03`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Pest @5 03`
C03	`03`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Plaga @5 03`
C03	`04`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Arbre fruitier @5 04`
C03	`04`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Fruit tree @5 04`
C03	`04`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Arbol frutal @5 04`
C03	`05`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Vecteur @5 05`
C03	`05`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Vector @5 05`
C03	`05`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Vector @5 05`
C03	`06`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Bactérie @5 06`
C03	`06`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Bacteria @5 06`
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C03	`07`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Plant pathogen @5 07`
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C03	`09`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Citrus sinensis @2 NS @5 55`
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C03	`10`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Psyllidae @2 NS @5 56`
C03	`10`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Psyllidae @2 NS @5 56`
C03	`11`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Diaphorina citri @4 INC @5 64`
C03	`12`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Electropénétrographe @4 CD @5 96`
C03	`12`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Electric penetration graph @4 CD @5 96`
C03	`12`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Penetrógrafo eléctrico @4 CD @5 96`
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C07	`01`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Agrios @5 26`
C07	`02`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Rutaceae @2 NS`
C07	`02`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Rutaceae @2 NS`
C07	`02`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Rutaceae @2 NS`
C07	`03`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Dicotyledones @2 NS`
C07	`03`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Dicotyledones @2 NS`
C07	`03`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Dicotyledones @2 NS`
C07	`04`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Angiospermae @2 NS`
C07	`04`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Angiospermae @2 NS`
C07	`04`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Angiospermae @2 NS`
C07	`05`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Spermatophyta @2 NS`
C07	`05`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Spermatophyta @2 NS`
C07	`05`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Spermatophyta @2 NS`
C07	`06`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Psylloidea @2 NS`
C07	`06`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Psylloidea @2 NS`
C07	`06`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Psylloidea @2 NS`
C07	`07`	`X`	`FRE`	`@0 Homoptera @2 NS`
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C07	`10`	`X`	`ENG`	`@0 Invertebrata @2 NS`
C07	`10`	`X`	`SPA`	`@0 Invertebrata @2 NS`
N21				`@1 284`

Format Inist (serveur)

NO :	PASCAL 10-0431842 INIST
ET :	Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings
AU :	BONANI (J. P.); FERERES (A.); GARZO (E.); MIRANDA (M. P.); APPEZZATO-DA-GLORIA (B.); LOPES (J. R. S.)
AF :	Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9/Piracicaba, SP 13418-900/Brésil (1 aut., 6 aut.); Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA, CSIC), C/Serrano, 115 dpdo/28006 Madrid/Espagne (2 aut., 3 aut.); Fundecitrus, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 201/Araraquara, SP, CEP 14807-040/Brésil (4 aut.); Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9/Piracicaba, SP 13418-900/Brésil (5 aut.)
DT :	Publication en série; Niveau analytique
SO :	Entomologia experimentalis et applicata; ISSN 0013-8703; Coden ETEAAT; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2010; Vol. 134; No. 1; Pp. 35-49; Bibl. 2 p.1/4
LA :	Anglais
EA :	Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.
CC :	002A13B; 002A14B02B
FD :	Comportement alimentaire; Phytophage; Déprédateur; Arbre fruitier; Vecteur; Bactérie; Phytopathogène; Relation animal végétal; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Electropénétrographe
FG :	Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Psylloidea; Homoptera; Insecta; Arthropoda; Invertebrata
ED :	Feeding behavior; Phytophagous; Pest; Fruit tree; Vector; Bacteria; Plant pathogen; Animal plant relation; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Electric penetration graph
EG :	Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Psylloidea; Homoptera; Insecta; Arthropoda; Invertebrata
SD :	Conducta alimenticia; Fitófago; Plaga; Arbol frutal; Vector; Bacteria; Fitopatógeno; Relación animal vegetal; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Penetrógrafo eléctrico
LO :	INIST-8629.354000171689650030
ID :	10-0431842

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Pascal:10-0431842

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.</div>
</front>
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<fA03 i2="1"><s0>Entomol. exp. appl.</s0>
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</fA05>
<fA06><s2>1</s2>
</fA06>
<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>BONANI (J. P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>FERERES (A.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>GARZO (E.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>MIRANDA (M. P.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>APPEZZATO-DA-GLORIA (B.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>LOPES (J. R. S.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9</s1>
<s2>Piracicaba, SP 13418-900</s2>
<s3>BRA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA, CSIC), C/Serrano, 115 dpdo</s1>
<s2>28006 Madrid</s2>
<s3>ESP</s3>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
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<fA14 i1="03"><s1>Fundecitrus, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 201</s1>
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<s3>BRA</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="04"><s1>Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9</s1>
<s2>Piracicaba, SP 13418-900</s2>
<s3>BRA</s3>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s1>35-49</s1>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>2010</s1>
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<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Entomologia experimentalis et applicata</s0>
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<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002A13B</s0>
</fC02>
<fC02 i1="02" i2="X"><s0>002A14B02B</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Comportement alimentaire</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Feeding behavior</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Conducta alimenticia</s0>
<s5>01</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>02</s5>
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<s5>02</s5>
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<s5>02</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Pest</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Plaga</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Arbre fruitier</s0>
<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>04</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vector</s0>
<s5>05</s5>
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<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>06</s5>
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<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>08</s5>
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<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Relación animal vegetal</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>55</s5>
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<s5>55</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>55</s5>
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<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Psyllidae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>56</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Psyllidae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>56</s5>
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<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Psyllidae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>56</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Diaphorina citri</s0>
<s4>INC</s4>
<s5>64</s5>
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<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Electropénétrographe</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
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<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Electric penetration graph</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Penetrógrafo eléctrico</s0>
<s4>CD</s4>
<s5>96</s5>
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<s5>26</s5>
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<s5>26</s5>
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<s5>26</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Angiospermae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Spermatophyta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Psylloidea</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Psylloidea</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Psylloidea</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Homoptera</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Homoptera</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Homoptera</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Insecta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Insecta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Insecta</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Arthropoda</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Arthropoda</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Arthropoda</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Invertebrata</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Invertebrata</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Invertebrata</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
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<fN21><s1>284</s1>
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<server><NO>PASCAL 10-0431842 INIST</NO>
<ET>Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings</ET>
<AU>BONANI (J. P.); FERERES (A.); GARZO (E.); MIRANDA (M. P.); APPEZZATO-DA-GLORIA (B.); LOPES (J. R. S.)</AU>
<AF>Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9/Piracicaba, SP 13418-900/Brésil (1 aut., 6 aut.); Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA, CSIC), C/Serrano, 115 dpdo/28006 Madrid/Espagne (2 aut., 3 aut.); Fundecitrus, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 201/Araraquara, SP, CEP 14807-040/Brésil (4 aut.); Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, CP. 9/Piracicaba, SP 13418-900/Brésil (5 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Entomologia experimentalis et applicata; ISSN 0013-8703; Coden ETEAAT; Royaume-Uni; Da. 2010; Vol. 134; No. 1; Pp. 35-49; Bibl. 2 p.1/4</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pêra (Rutaceae) by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG-DC system) technique. EPG waveforms were described based on amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin of the observed traces during stylet penetration into plant tissues. The main waveforms were correlated with histological observations of salivary sheath termini in plant tissues, to determine the putative location of stylet tips. The behavioral activities were also inferred based on waveform similarities in relation to other Sternorrhyncha, particularly aphids and whiteflies. In addition, we correlated the occurrence of specific waveforms with the acquisition of the phloem-limited bacterium Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus by D. citri. The occurrence of a G-like xylem sap ingestion waveform in starved and unstarved psyllids was also compared. By analyzing 8-h EPGs of adult females, five waveforms were described: (C) salivary sheath secretion and other stylet pathway activities; (D) first contact with phloem (distinct from other waveforms reported for Sternorrhyncha); (E1) putative salivation in phloem sieve tubes; (E2) phloem sap ingestion; and (G) probably xylem sap ingestion. Diaphorina citri initiates a probe with stylet pathway through epidermis and parenchyma (C). Interestingly, no potential drops were observed during the stylet pathway phase, as are usually recorded in aphids and other Sternorrhyncha. Once in C, D. citri shows a higher propensity to return to non-probing than to start a phloem or xylem phase. Several probes are usually observed before the phloem phase; waveform D is observed upon phloem contact, always immediately followed by E1. After E1, D. citri either returns to pathway activity (C) or starts phloem sap ingestion, which was the longest activity observed.</EA>
<CC>002A13B; 002A14B02B</CC>
<FD>Comportement alimentaire; Phytophage; Déprédateur; Arbre fruitier; Vecteur; Bactérie; Phytopathogène; Relation animal végétal; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Diaphorina citri; Electropénétrographe</FD>
<FG>Agrume; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Psylloidea; Homoptera; Insecta; Arthropoda; Invertebrata</FG>
<ED>Feeding behavior; Phytophagous; Pest; Fruit tree; Vector; Bacteria; Plant pathogen; Animal plant relation; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Electric penetration graph</ED>
<EG>Citrus fruit; Rutaceae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Psylloidea; Homoptera; Insecta; Arthropoda; Invertebrata</EG>
<SD>Conducta alimenticia; Fitófago; Plaga; Arbol frutal; Vector; Bacteria; Fitopatógeno; Relación animal vegetal; Citrus sinensis; Psyllidae; Penetrógrafo eléctrico</SD>
<LO>INIST-8629.354000171689650030</LO>
<ID>10-0431842</ID>
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Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings

Characterization of electrical penetration graphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in sweet orange seedlings

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