Evidence for Gene Flow between Two Sympatric Mealybug Species (Insecta; Coccoidea; Pseudococcidae)
Identifieur interne : 001596 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001595; suivant : 001597Evidence for Gene Flow between Two Sympatric Mealybug Species (Insecta; Coccoidea; Pseudococcidae)
Auteurs : Hofit Kol-Maimon [Israël] ; Murad Ghanim [Israël] ; José Carlos Franco [Portugal] ; Zvi Mendel [Israël]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Occurrence of inter-species hybrids in natural populations might be evidence of gene flow between species. In the present study we found evidence of gene flow between two sympatric, genetically related scale insect species – the citrus mealybug
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088433
PubMed: 24523894
PubMed Central: 3921159
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Evidence for Gene Flow between Two Sympatric Mealybug Species (Insecta; Coccoidea; Pseudococcidae)</title><author><name sortKey="Kol Maimon, Hofit" sort="Kol Maimon, Hofit" uniqKey="Kol Maimon H" first="Hofit" last="Kol-Maimon">Hofit Kol-Maimon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghanim, Murad" sort="Ghanim, Murad" uniqKey="Ghanim M" first="Murad" last="Ghanim">Murad Ghanim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Jose Carlos" sort="Franco, Jose Carlos" uniqKey="Franco J" first="José Carlos" last="Franco">José Carlos Franco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas/Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas/Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mendel, Zvi" sort="Mendel, Zvi" uniqKey="Mendel Z" first="Zvi" last="Mendel">Zvi Mendel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24523894</idno><idno type="pmc">3921159</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921159</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3921159</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0088433</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001190</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001189</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000827</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001596</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Evidence for Gene Flow between Two Sympatric Mealybug Species (Insecta; Coccoidea; Pseudococcidae)</title><author><name sortKey="Kol Maimon, Hofit" sort="Kol Maimon, Hofit" uniqKey="Kol Maimon H" first="Hofit" last="Kol-Maimon">Hofit Kol-Maimon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghanim, Murad" sort="Ghanim, Murad" uniqKey="Ghanim M" first="Murad" last="Ghanim">Murad Ghanim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Jose Carlos" sort="Franco, Jose Carlos" uniqKey="Franco J" first="José Carlos" last="Franco">José Carlos Franco</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas/Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas/Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mendel, Zvi" sort="Mendel, Zvi" uniqKey="Mendel Z" first="Zvi" last="Mendel">Zvi Mendel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bet Dagan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Occurrence of inter-species hybrids in natural populations might be evidence of gene flow between species. In the present study we found evidence of gene flow between two sympatric, genetically related scale insect species – the citrus mealybug <italic>Planococcus citri</italic> (Risso) and the vine mealybug <italic>Planococcus ficus</italic> (Signoret). These species can be distinguished by morphological, behavioral, and molecular traits. We employed the sex pheromones of the two respective species to study their different patterns of male attraction. We also used nuclear ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) and mitochondrial COI (Cytochrome c oxidase sub unit 1) DNA sequences to characterize populations of the two species, in order to demonstrate the outcome of a possible gene flow between feral populations of the two species. Our results showed attraction to <italic>P. ficus</italic> pheromones of all tested populations of <italic>P. citri</italic> males but not vice versa. Furthermore, ITS2 sequences revealed the presence of ‘hybrid females’ among <italic>P. citri</italic> populations but not among those of <italic>P. ficus</italic>. ‘hybrid females’ from <italic>P. citri</italic> populations identified as <italic>P. citri</italic> females according to COI sequences. We offer two hypotheses for these results. 1) The occurrence of phenotypic and genotypic traits of <italic>P. ficus</italic> in <italic>P. citri</italic> populations may be attributed to both ancient and contemporary gene flow between their populations; and 2) we cannot rule out that an ancient sympatric speciation by which <italic>P. ficus</italic> emerged from <italic>P. citri</italic> might have led to the present situation of shared traits between these species. In light of these findings we also discuss the origin of the studied species and the importance of the pherotype phenomenon as a tool with which to study genetic relationships between congener scale insects.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Feder, Jl" uniqKey="Feder J">JL Feder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chilcote, Ca" uniqKey="Chilcote C">CA Chilcote</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bush, Gl" uniqKey="Bush G">GL Bush</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Feder, Jl" uniqKey="Feder J">JL Feder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hunt, Ta" uniqKey="Hunt T">TA Hunt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bush, L" uniqKey="Bush L">L Bush</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dres, M" uniqKey="Dres M">M Dres</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mallet, J" uniqKey="Mallet J">J 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24523894</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3921159</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-28045</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0088433</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Agriculture</subject><subj-group><subject>Pest Control</subject><subj-group><subject>Integrated Control</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Population Genetics</subject><subj-group><subject>Gene Flow</subject><subject>Genetic Drift</subject><subject>Genetic Polymorphism</subject><subject>Natural Selection</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Behavioral Ecology</subject><subject>Evolutionary Ecology</subject><subject>Evolutionary Genetics</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Zoology</subject><subj-group><subject>Entomology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Evidence for Gene Flow between Two Sympatric Mealybug Species (Insecta; Coccoidea; Pseudococcidae)</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Gene Flow between Mealybug Species</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kol-Maimon</surname><given-names>Hofit</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ghanim</surname><given-names>Murad</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Franco</surname><given-names>José Carlos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mendel</surname><given-names>Zvi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Entomology, Volcani Center (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas/Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Johnson</surname><given-names>Norman</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>University of Massachusetts, United States of America</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>ghanim@volcani.agri.gov.il</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>Murad Ghanim declares that he is a PLOS ONE editorial board member and that this does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: HKM MG JCF ZM. Performed the experiments: HKM. Analyzed the data: HKM MG ZM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HKM MG ZM. Wrote the paper: HKM MG JCF ZM.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>2</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>e88433</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>1</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Kol-Maimon et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Occurrence of inter-species hybrids in natural populations might be evidence of gene flow between species. In the present study we found evidence of gene flow between two sympatric, genetically related scale insect species – the citrus mealybug <italic>Planococcus citri</italic> (Risso) and the vine mealybug <italic>Planococcus ficus</italic> (Signoret). These species can be distinguished by morphological, behavioral, and molecular traits. We employed the sex pheromones of the two respective species to study their different patterns of male attraction. We also used nuclear ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) and mitochondrial COI (Cytochrome c oxidase sub unit 1) DNA sequences to characterize populations of the two species, in order to demonstrate the outcome of a possible gene flow between feral populations of the two species. Our results showed attraction to <italic>P. ficus</italic> pheromones of all tested populations of <italic>P. citri</italic> males but not vice versa. Furthermore, ITS2 sequences revealed the presence of ‘hybrid females’ among <italic>P. citri</italic> populations but not among those of <italic>P. ficus</italic>. ‘hybrid females’ from <italic>P. citri</italic> populations identified as <italic>P. citri</italic> females according to COI sequences. We offer two hypotheses for these results. 1) The occurrence of phenotypic and genotypic traits of <italic>P. ficus</italic> in <italic>P. citri</italic> populations may be attributed to both ancient and contemporary gene flow between their populations; and 2) we cannot rule out that an ancient sympatric speciation by which <italic>P. ficus</italic> emerged from <italic>P. citri</italic> might have led to the present situation of shared traits between these species. In light of these findings we also discuss the origin of the studied species and the importance of the pherotype phenomenon as a tool with which to study genetic relationships between congener scale insects.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>The authors have no support or funding to report.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="10"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Israël</li><li>Portugal</li></country></list><tree><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kol Maimon, Hofit" sort="Kol Maimon, Hofit" uniqKey="Kol Maimon H" first="Hofit" last="Kol-Maimon">Hofit Kol-Maimon</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ghanim, Murad" sort="Ghanim, Murad" uniqKey="Ghanim M" first="Murad" last="Ghanim">Murad Ghanim</name><name sortKey="Mendel, Zvi" sort="Mendel, Zvi" uniqKey="Mendel Z" first="Zvi" last="Mendel">Zvi Mendel</name></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Franco, Jose Carlos" sort="Franco, Jose Carlos" uniqKey="Franco J" first="José Carlos" last="Franco">José Carlos Franco</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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