The flowering of carambola ( Averrhoa carambola L.) is more strongly influenced by cultivar and water stress than by diurnal temperature variation and photoperiod
Identifieur interne : 000343 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000342; suivant : 000344The flowering of carambola ( Averrhoa carambola L.) is more strongly influenced by cultivar and water stress than by diurnal temperature variation and photoperiod
Auteurs : S. Salakpetch ; D. W. Turner ; B. DellSource :
- Scientia Horticulturae [ 0304-4238 ] ; 1990.
Abstract
Day/night temperature, photoperiod and soil-water stress experiments were conducted with containerized carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) tree cultivars ‘Fwang Tung’ and ‘Thai Knight’ grown in a heated glasshouse (mean monthly temperature minimum 20°C, maximum 34°C; average photoperiod 10–14 h (Lat. 32°S)). The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (3025°C, 2520°C, 2015°C, 3015°C and 3420°C) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. Flowering in carambola appears to be only weakly regulated by external environmental conditions other than water stress.
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DOI: 10.1016/0304-4238(90)90039-H
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Turner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dell, B" sort="Dell, B" uniqKey="Dell B" first="B." last="Dell">B. 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Salakpetch</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>∗Present address: Chantaburi Horticultural Research Centre, Horticultural Research Institute, Department of Agriculture, Chantaburi, 22190, Thailand.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, D W" sort="Turner, D W" uniqKey="Turner D" first="D. W." last="Turner">D. W. Turner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dell, B" sort="Dell, B" uniqKey="Dell B" first="B." last="Dell">B. Dell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, W.A. 6150 Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Scientia Horticulturae</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">HORTI</title><idno type="ISSN">0304-4238</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1990">1990</date><biblScope unit="volume">43</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="83">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="94">94</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0304-4238</idno></series><idno type="istex">459D9EE645218C45FBD5BF4FD4A2F017962C1049</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0304-4238(90)90039-H</idno><idno type="PII">0304-4238(90)90039-H</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0304-4238</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Day/night temperature, photoperiod and soil-water stress experiments were conducted with containerized carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) tree cultivars ‘Fwang Tung’ and ‘Thai Knight’ grown in a heated glasshouse (mean monthly temperature minimum 20°C, maximum 34°C; average photoperiod 10–14 h (Lat. 32°S)). The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (3025°C, 2520°C, 2015°C, 3015°C and 3420°C) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. Flowering in carambola appears to be only weakly regulated by external environmental conditions other than water stress.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>S. Salakpetch</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</json:string><json:string>∗Present address: Chantaburi Horticultural Research Centre, Horticultural Research Institute, Department of Agriculture, Chantaburi, 22190, Thailand.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D.W. Turner</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>B. Dell</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, W.A. 6150 Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Averrhoa sp.</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>carambola</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>flowering</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>photoperiod</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>temperature</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>water stress</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Day/night temperature, photoperiod and soil-water stress experiments were conducted with containerized carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) tree cultivars ‘Fwang Tung’ and ‘Thai Knight’ grown in a heated glasshouse (mean monthly temperature minimum 20°C, maximum 34°C; average photoperiod 10–14 h (Lat. 32°S)). The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (3025°C, 2520°C, 2015°C, 3015°C and 3420°C) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. 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The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (3025°C, 2520°C, 2015°C, 3015°C and 3420°C) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. Flowering in carambola appears to be only weakly regulated by external environmental conditions other than water stress.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Averrhoa sp.</term></item><item><term>carambola</term></item><item><term>flowering</term></item><item><term>photoperiod</term></item><item><term>temperature</term></item><item><term>water stress</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1990">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/459D9EE645218C45FBD5BF4FD4A2F017962C1049/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>HORTI</jid><aid>9090039H</aid><ce:pii>0304-4238(90)90039-H</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0304-4238(90)90039-H</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1990"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>The flowering of carambola (<ce:italic>Averrhoa carambola</ce:italic> L.) is more strongly influenced by cultivar and water stress than by diurnal temperature variation and photoperiod</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Salakpetch</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="FN1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>D.W.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Turner</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>B.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Dell</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:textfn>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>2</ce:label><ce:textfn>School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, W.A. 6150 Australia</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:footnote id="FN1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:note-para>Present address: Chantaburi Horticultural Research Centre, Horticultural Research Institute, Department of Agriculture, Chantaburi, 22190, Thailand.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="31" month="10" year="1989"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Day/night temperature, photoperiod and soil-water stress experiments were conducted with containerized carambola (<ce:italic>Averrhoa carambola</ce:italic> L.) tree cultivars ‘Fwang Tung’ and ‘Thai Knight’ grown in a heated glasshouse (mean monthly temperature minimum 20°C, maximum 34°C; average photoperiod 10–14 h (Lat. 32°S)). The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para>Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (<math altimg="si1.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>30</nu><de>25°<rm>C</rm></de></fr></math>, <math altimg="si2.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>25</nu><de>20°<rm>C</rm></de></fr></math>, <math altimg="si3.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>20</nu><de>15°<rm>C</rm></de></fr></math>, <math altimg="si4.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>30</nu><de>15°<rm>C</rm></de></fr></math> and <math altimg="si5.gif"><fr shape="sol"><nu>34</nu><de>20°<rm>C</rm></de></fr></math>) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. Flowering in carambola appears to be only weakly regulated by external environmental conditions other than water stress.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text><ce:italic>Averrhoa</ce:italic> sp.</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>carambola</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>flowering</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>photoperiod</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>temperature</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>water stress</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>The flowering of carambola ( Averrhoa carambola L.) is more strongly influenced by cultivar and water stress than by diurnal temperature variation and photoperiod</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>The flowering of carambola (</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Salakpetch</namePart><affiliation>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</affiliation><affiliation>∗Present address: Chantaburi Horticultural Research Centre, Horticultural Research Institute, Department of Agriculture, Chantaburi, 22190, Thailand.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Turner</namePart><affiliation>School of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 6009 Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Dell</namePart><affiliation>School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, W.A. 6150 Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1990</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1990</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Day/night temperature, photoperiod and soil-water stress experiments were conducted with containerized carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) tree cultivars ‘Fwang Tung’ and ‘Thai Knight’ grown in a heated glasshouse (mean monthly temperature minimum 20°C, maximum 34°C; average photoperiod 10–14 h (Lat. 32°S)). The work was undertaken to provide an insight into factors contributing to flower induction.Neither fluctuating day/night temperatures (3025°C, 2520°C, 2015°C, 3015°C and 3420°C) nor changes in the photoperiod (8, 12, 14 and 16 h), for a 15-day exposure time, influenced inflorescence production in carambola, except for 14- or 16-h photoperiods which reduced flowering in ‘Thai Knight’. However, short photoperiods (8–12 h) increased the number of flowers per inflorescence by 8–20% when compared with the standard treatment (14 h). Under long photoperiods (16 h) the trees produced more vegetative shoots. ‘Fwang Tung’ consistently had a greater proportion of floral buds per branch, number of inflorescences per branch and number of flowers per inflorescence than ‘Thai Knight’ under all experimental conditions. A cyclical or continuous (−2.0 MPa midday leaf water potential) water stress for 3–4 weeks inhibited flowering in ‘Thai Knight’ carambola. No significant differences were observed between cyclial and continuous stress treatments. Flowering in carambola appears to be only weakly regulated by external environmental conditions other than water stress.</abstract><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Averrhoa sp.</topic><topic>carambola</topic><topic>flowering</topic><topic>photoperiod</topic><topic>temperature</topic><topic>water stress</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Scientia Horticulturae</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>HORTI</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199006</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0304-4238</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0304-4238(00)X0152-5</identifier><part><date>199006</date><detail type="volume"><number>43</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>180</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>83</start><end>94</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">459D9EE645218C45FBD5BF4FD4A2F017962C1049</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0304-4238(90)90039-H</identifier><identifier type="PII">0304-4238(90)90039-H</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><istex:catWosTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/459D9EE645218C45FBD5BF4FD4A2F017962C1049/enrichments/catWos"><teiHeader><profileDesc><textClass><classCode scheme="WOS">HORTICULTURE</classCode></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:catWosTEI></enrichments></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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