Changing partners in the dark: isotopic and molecular evidence of ectomycorrhizal liaisons between forest orchids and trees.
Identifieur interne : 003811 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003810; suivant : 003812Changing partners in the dark: isotopic and molecular evidence of ectomycorrhizal liaisons between forest orchids and trees.
Auteurs : Martin I. Bidartondo [États-Unis] ; Bastian Burghardt ; Gerhard Gebauer ; Thomas D. Bruns ; David J. ReadSource :
- Proceedings. Biological sciences [ 0962-8452 ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Allemagne (MeSH), Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH), Analyse de variance (MeSH), Arbres (MeSH), Champignons (génétique), Champignons (physiologie), Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH), Isotopes de l'azote (MeSH), Isotopes du carbone (MeSH), Mycorhizes (physiologie), Oligonucléotides (MeSH), Orchidaceae (physiologie), Photosynthèse (physiologie), Spectrométrie de masse (MeSH), Spécificité d'espèce (MeSH), Symbiose (MeSH), Séquence nucléotidique (MeSH).
- MESH :
- génétique : Champignons.
- physiologie : Champignons, Mycorhizes, Orchidaceae, Photosynthèse.
- Allemagne, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Analyse de variance, Arbres, Données de séquences moléculaires, Isotopes de l'azote, Isotopes du carbone, Oligonucléotides, Spectrométrie de masse, Spécificité d'espèce, Symbiose, Séquence nucléotidique.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Allemagne.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Analysis of Variance (MeSH), Base Sequence (MeSH), Carbon Isotopes (MeSH), Fungi (genetics), Fungi (physiology), Germany (MeSH), Mass Spectrometry (MeSH), Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH), Mycorrhizae (physiology), Nitrogen Isotopes (MeSH), Oligonucleotides (MeSH), Orchidaceae (physiology), Photosynthesis (physiology), Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH), Species Specificity (MeSH), Symbiosis (MeSH), Trees (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical : Carbon Isotopes, Nitrogen Isotopes, Oligonucleotides.
- geographic : Germany.
- genetics : Fungi.
- physiology : Fungi, Mycorrhizae, Orchidaceae, Photosynthesis.
- Analysis of Variance, Base Sequence, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Species Specificity, Symbiosis, Trees.
Abstract
In the mycorrhizal symbiosis, plants exchange photosynthates for mineral nutrients acquired by fungi from the soil. This mutualistic arrangement has been subverted by hundreds of mycorrhizal plant species that lack the ability to photosynthesize. The most numerous examples of this behaviour are found in the largest plant family, the Orchidaceae. Although these non-photosynthetic orchid species are known to be highly specialized exploiters of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, photosynthetic orchids are thought to use free-living saprophytic, or pathogenic, fungal lineages. However, we present evidence that putatively photosynthetic orchids from five species which grow in the understorey of forests: (i) form mycorrhizas with ectomycorrhizal fungi of forest trees; and (ii) have stable isotope signatures indicating distinctive pathways for nitrogen and carbon acquisition approaching those of non-photosynthetic orchids that associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi of forest trees. These findings represent a major shift in our understanding of both orchid ecology and evolution because they explain how orchids can thrive in low-irradiance niches and they show that a shift to exploiting ectomycorrhizal fungi precedes viable losses of photosynthetic ability in orchid lineages.
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2004.2807
PubMed: 15315895
PubMed Central: PMC1691795
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In the mycorrhizal symbiosis, plants exchange photosynthates for mineral nutrients acquired by fungi from the soil. This mutualistic arrangement has been subverted by hundreds of mycorrhizal plant species that lack the ability to photosynthesize. The most numerous examples of this behaviour are found in the largest plant family, the Orchidaceae. Although these non-photosynthetic orchid species are known to be highly specialized exploiters of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, photosynthetic orchids are thought to use free-living saprophytic, or pathogenic, fungal lineages. However, we present evidence that putatively photosynthetic orchids from five species which grow in the understorey of forests: (i) form mycorrhizas with ectomycorrhizal fungi of forest trees; and (ii) have stable isotope signatures indicating distinctive pathways for nitrogen and carbon acquisition approaching those of non-photosynthetic orchids that associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi of forest trees. These findings represent a major shift in our understanding of both orchid ecology and evolution because they explain how orchids can thrive in low-irradiance niches and they show that a shift to exploiting ectomycorrhizal fungi precedes viable losses of photosynthetic ability in orchid lineages.</div>
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