Quantitative evaluation of protocorm growth and fungal colonization in Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) reveals less-productive symbiosis with a non-native symbiotic fungus.
Identifieur interne : 000D53 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000D52; suivant : 000D54Quantitative evaluation of protocorm growth and fungal colonization in Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) reveals less-productive symbiosis with a non-native symbiotic fungus.
Auteurs : Tatsuki Yamamoto ; Chihiro Miura ; Masako Fuji ; Shotaro Nagata ; Yuria Otani ; Takahiro Yagame ; Masahide Yamato ; Hironori KaminakaSource :
- BMC plant biology [ 1471-2229 ] ; 2017.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , isolation & purification : DNA, Fungal.
- genetics : Mycorrhizae.
- growth & development : Orchidaceae.
- microbiology : Orchidaceae.
- physiology : Mycorrhizae.
- Germination, Symbiosis.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
In nature, orchid plants depend completely on symbiotic fungi for their nutrition at the germination and the subsequent seedling (protocorm) stages. However, only limited quantitative methods for evaluating the orchid-fungus interactions at the protocorm stage are currently available, which greatly constrains our understanding of the symbiosis. Here, we aimed to improve and integrate quantitative evaluations of the growth and fungal colonization in the protocorms of a terrestrial orchid, Blettila striata, growing on a plate medium.
RESULTS
We achieved both symbiotic and asymbiotic germinations for the terrestrial orchid B. striata. The protocorms produced by the two germination methods grew almost synchronously for the first three weeks. At week four, however, the length was significantly lower in the symbiotic protocorms. Interestingly, the dry weight of symbiotic protocorms did not significantly change during the growth period, which implies that there was only limited transfer of carbon compounds from the fungus to the protocorms in this relationship. Next, to evaluate the orchid-fungus interactions, we developed an ink-staining method to observe the hyphal coils in protocorms without preparing thin sections. Crushing the protocorm under the coverglass enables us to observe all hyphal coils in the protocorms with high resolution. For this observation, we established a criterion to categorize the stages of hyphal coils, depending on development and degradation. By counting the symbiotic cells within each stage, it was possible to quantitatively evaluate the orchid-fungus symbiosis.
CONCLUSIONS
We describe a method for quantitative evaluation of orchid-fungus symbiosis by integrating the measurements of plant growth and fungal colonization. The current study revealed that although fungal colonization was observed in the symbiotic protocorms, the weight of the protocorm did not significantly increase, which is probably due to the incompatibility of the fungus in this symbiosis. These results suggest that fungal colonization and nutrition transfer can be differentially regulated in the symbiosis. The evaluation methods developed in this study can be used to study various quantitative aspects of the orchid-fungus symbiosis.
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1002-x
PubMed: 28222700
PubMed Central: PMC5320772
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:28222700Le document en format XML
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Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nagata, Shotaro" sort="Nagata, Shotaro" uniqKey="Nagata S" first="Shotaro" last="Nagata">Shotaro Nagata</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Otani, Yuria" sort="Otani, Yuria" uniqKey="Otani Y" first="Yuria" last="Otani">Yuria Otani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yagame, Takahiro" sort="Yagame, Takahiro" uniqKey="Yagame T" first="Takahiro" last="Yagame">Takahiro Yagame</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yamato, Masahide" sort="Yamato, Masahide" uniqKey="Yamato M" first="Masahide" last="Yamato">Masahide Yamato</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaminaka, Hironori" sort="Kaminaka, Hironori" uniqKey="Kaminaka H" first="Hironori" last="Kaminaka">Hironori Kaminaka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan. kaminaka@muses.tottori-u.ac.jp.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28222700</idno><idno type="pmid">28222700</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s12870-017-1002-x</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC5320772</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000D53</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000D53</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Quantitative evaluation of protocorm growth and fungal colonization in Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) reveals less-productive symbiosis with a non-native symbiotic fungus.</title><author><name sortKey="Yamamoto, Tatsuki" sort="Yamamoto, Tatsuki" uniqKey="Yamamoto T" first="Tatsuki" last="Yamamoto">Tatsuki Yamamoto</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miura, Chihiro" sort="Miura, Chihiro" uniqKey="Miura C" first="Chihiro" last="Miura">Chihiro Miura</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fuji, Masako" sort="Fuji, Masako" uniqKey="Fuji M" first="Masako" last="Fuji">Masako Fuji</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nagata, Shotaro" sort="Nagata, Shotaro" uniqKey="Nagata S" first="Shotaro" last="Nagata">Shotaro Nagata</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Otani, Yuria" sort="Otani, Yuria" uniqKey="Otani Y" first="Yuria" last="Otani">Yuria Otani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yagame, Takahiro" sort="Yagame, Takahiro" uniqKey="Yagame T" first="Takahiro" last="Yagame">Takahiro Yagame</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yamato, Masahide" sort="Yamato, Masahide" uniqKey="Yamato M" first="Masahide" last="Yamato">Masahide Yamato</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaminaka, Hironori" sort="Kaminaka, Hironori" uniqKey="Kaminaka H" first="Hironori" last="Kaminaka">Hironori Kaminaka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan. kaminaka@muses.tottori-u.ac.jp.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC plant biology</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2229</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Fungal (isolation & purification)</term><term>Germination (MeSH)</term><term>Mycorrhizae (genetics)</term><term>Mycorrhizae (physiology)</term><term>Orchidaceae (growth & development)</term><term>Orchidaceae (microbiology)</term><term>Symbiosis (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Fungal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Orchidaceae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Orchidaceae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycorrhizae</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Germination</term><term>Symbiosis</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>In nature, orchid plants depend completely on symbiotic fungi for their nutrition at the germination and the subsequent seedling (protocorm) stages. However, only limited quantitative methods for evaluating the orchid-fungus interactions at the protocorm stage are currently available, which greatly constrains our understanding of the symbiosis. Here, we aimed to improve and integrate quantitative evaluations of the growth and fungal colonization in the protocorms of a terrestrial orchid, Blettila striata, growing on a plate medium.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>We achieved both symbiotic and asymbiotic germinations for the terrestrial orchid B. striata. The protocorms produced by the two germination methods grew almost synchronously for the first three weeks. At week four, however, the length was significantly lower in the symbiotic protocorms. Interestingly, the dry weight of symbiotic protocorms did not significantly change during the growth period, which implies that there was only limited transfer of carbon compounds from the fungus to the protocorms in this relationship. Next, to evaluate the orchid-fungus interactions, we developed an ink-staining method to observe the hyphal coils in protocorms without preparing thin sections. Crushing the protocorm under the coverglass enables us to observe all hyphal coils in the protocorms with high resolution. For this observation, we established a criterion to categorize the stages of hyphal coils, depending on development and degradation. By counting the symbiotic cells within each stage, it was possible to quantitatively evaluate the orchid-fungus symbiosis.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>We describe a method for quantitative evaluation of orchid-fungus symbiosis by integrating the measurements of plant growth and fungal colonization. The current study revealed that although fungal colonization was observed in the symbiotic protocorms, the weight of the protocorm did not significantly increase, which is probably due to the incompatibility of the fungus in this symbiosis. These results suggest that fungal colonization and nutrition transfer can be differentially regulated in the symbiosis. The evaluation methods developed in this study can be used to study various quantitative aspects of the orchid-fungus symbiosis.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28222700</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>08</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1471-2229</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>17</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>21</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMC plant biology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMC Plant Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Quantitative evaluation of protocorm growth and fungal colonization in Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) reveals less-productive symbiosis with a non-native symbiotic fungus.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>50</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s12870-017-1002-x</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">In nature, orchid plants depend completely on symbiotic fungi for their nutrition at the germination and the subsequent seedling (protocorm) stages. However, only limited quantitative methods for evaluating the orchid-fungus interactions at the protocorm stage are currently available, which greatly constrains our understanding of the symbiosis. Here, we aimed to improve and integrate quantitative evaluations of the growth and fungal colonization in the protocorms of a terrestrial orchid, Blettila striata, growing on a plate medium.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">We achieved both symbiotic and asymbiotic germinations for the terrestrial orchid B. striata. The protocorms produced by the two germination methods grew almost synchronously for the first three weeks. At week four, however, the length was significantly lower in the symbiotic protocorms. Interestingly, the dry weight of symbiotic protocorms did not significantly change during the growth period, which implies that there was only limited transfer of carbon compounds from the fungus to the protocorms in this relationship. Next, to evaluate the orchid-fungus interactions, we developed an ink-staining method to observe the hyphal coils in protocorms without preparing thin sections. Crushing the protocorm under the coverglass enables us to observe all hyphal coils in the protocorms with high resolution. For this observation, we established a criterion to categorize the stages of hyphal coils, depending on development and degradation. By counting the symbiotic cells within each stage, it was possible to quantitatively evaluate the orchid-fungus symbiosis.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">We describe a method for quantitative evaluation of orchid-fungus symbiosis by integrating the measurements of plant growth and fungal colonization. The current study revealed that although fungal colonization was observed in the symbiotic protocorms, the weight of the protocorm did not significantly increase, which is probably due to the incompatibility of the fungus in this symbiosis. These results suggest that fungal colonization and nutrition transfer can be differentially regulated in the symbiosis. The evaluation methods developed in this study can be used to study various quantitative aspects of the orchid-fungus symbiosis.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yamamoto</LastName><ForeName>Tatsuki</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miura</LastName><ForeName>Chihiro</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fuji</LastName><ForeName>Masako</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nagata</LastName><ForeName>Shotaro</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Otani</LastName><ForeName>Yuria</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yagame</LastName><ForeName>Takahiro</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yamato</LastName><ForeName>Masahide</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kaminaka</LastName><ForeName>Hironori</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan. kaminaka@muses.tottori-u.ac.jp.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMC Plant Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100967807</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1471-2229</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004271">DNA, Fungal</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004271" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA, Fungal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018525" MajorTopicYN="N">Germination</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D038821" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycorrhizae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029595" MajorTopicYN="N">Orchidaceae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013559" MajorTopicYN="Y">Symbiosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Bletilla striata</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Germination</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Mycorrhizal symbiosis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Orchid</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Quantitative evaluation</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28222700</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s12870-017-1002-x</ArticleId><ArticleId 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