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Molecular and pathogenic variation within Melampsora on Salix in western North America reveals numerous cryptic species.

Identifieur interne : 000251 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000250; suivant : 000252

Molecular and pathogenic variation within Melampsora on Salix in western North America reveals numerous cryptic species.

Auteurs : Chandalin Bennett [États-Unis] ; M Catherine Aime ; George Newcombe

Source :

RBID : pubmed:21558505

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English descriptors

Abstract

In North America Melampsora rusts that parasitize willows (Salix species) have never been adequately studied and mostly have been referred to a collective species, Melampsora epitea (Kunze & Schm.) Thüm, of European origin. Even taxa that are nominally distinct from M. epitea, such as M. abieti-caprearum and M. paradoxa, currently are considered to be "races" of M. epitea. Within the range of our field surveys and collections in the Pacific Northwest and the Southwest only two species of Melampsora thus were expected: M. epitea (including its races) and M. ribesii-purpureae. In this study of Melampsora on 19 species of Salix in the western United States 14 phylogenetic species, or phylotypes, were apparent from nuclear rDNA sequencing of 140 collections or isolates. Our collections of the races of M. epitea, M. abieti-caprearum and M. epitea f. sp. tsugae belonged to one phylotype, termed lineage 'N'. Assuming that M. ribesii-purpureae represents one other phylotype, 12 phylotypes still are unaccounted for by current taxonomy. Moreover Eurasian M. ribesii-purpureae was not closely related to any of the phylotypes reported here. Even more problematic was the resistance of Eurasian species of Salix, including the type host of M. epitea, S. alba, to North American Melampsora, including phylotype 'N', in both the field and in inoculation experiments. These results suggest the need for the description of many new species of Melampsora on Salix in western North America. Additional analyses presented here might guide further research in this direction.

DOI: 10.3852/10-289
PubMed: 21558505

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pubmed:21558505

Le document en format XML

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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest Ecology and Biogeosciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<term>Basidiomycota (genetics)</term>
<term>DNA, Fungal (analysis)</term>
<term>DNA, Fungal (genetics)</term>
<term>DNA, Ribosomal (analysis)</term>
<term>DNA, Ribosomal (genetics)</term>
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<term>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer (genetics)</term>
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<term>Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH)</term>
<term>North America (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term>
<term>Polymerase Chain Reaction (MeSH)</term>
<term>RNA, Ribosomal, 28S (analysis)</term>
<term>RNA, Ribosomal, 28S (genetics)</term>
<term>Salix (microbiology)</term>
<term>Sequence Alignment (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term>
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<term>ARN ribosomique 28S (génétique)</term>
<term>Alignement de séquences (MeSH)</term>
<term>Amérique du Nord (MeSH)</term>
<term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (classification)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (génétique)</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Espaceur de l'ADN ribosomique (analyse)</term>
<term>Espaceur de l'ADN ribosomique (génétique)</term>
<term>Maladies des plantes (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Microscopie électronique à balayage (MeSH)</term>
<term>Phylogenèse (MeSH)</term>
<term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (MeSH)</term>
<term>Salix (microbiologie)</term>
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<term>DNA, Ribosomal Spacer</term>
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<term>ADN ribosomique</term>
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<term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>Sequence Alignment</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term>
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<term>Microscopie électronique à balayage</term>
<term>Phylogenèse</term>
<term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In North America Melampsora rusts that parasitize willows (Salix species) have never been adequately studied and mostly have been referred to a collective species, Melampsora epitea (Kunze & Schm.) Thüm, of European origin. Even taxa that are nominally distinct from M. epitea, such as M. abieti-caprearum and M. paradoxa, currently are considered to be "races" of M. epitea. Within the range of our field surveys and collections in the Pacific Northwest and the Southwest only two species of Melampsora thus were expected: M. epitea (including its races) and M. ribesii-purpureae. In this study of Melampsora on 19 species of Salix in the western United States 14 phylogenetic species, or phylotypes, were apparent from nuclear rDNA sequencing of 140 collections or isolates. Our collections of the races of M. epitea, M. abieti-caprearum and M. epitea f. sp. tsugae belonged to one phylotype, termed lineage 'N'. Assuming that M. ribesii-purpureae represents one other phylotype, 12 phylotypes still are unaccounted for by current taxonomy. Moreover Eurasian M. ribesii-purpureae was not closely related to any of the phylotypes reported here. Even more problematic was the resistance of Eurasian species of Salix, including the type host of M. epitea, S. alba, to North American Melampsora, including phylotype 'N', in both the field and in inoculation experiments. These results suggest the need for the description of many new species of Melampsora on Salix in western North America. Additional analyses presented here might guide further research in this direction.</div>
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