Commercial Bee Pollen with Different Geographical Origins: A Comprehensive Approach
Identifieur interne : 000134 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000133; suivant : 000135Commercial Bee Pollen with Different Geographical Origins: A Comprehensive Approach
Auteurs : Carla Nogueira ; Antonio Iglesias ; Xesus Feás ; Leticia M. EstevinhoSource :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences [ 1422-0067 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Since the primordial of humanity, pollen has been considered a good source of nutrients and energy. Its promising healing properties have also been referred to. The present study aimed to characterize, for the first time, eight commercial pollens from Portugal and Spain available on the market studying the legislation on labeling, pollinic origin, physicochemical and microbiological analyses and identification of yeasts. Eleven botanical families were found amongst the samples. The most abundant family and the most dominant pollen was
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/ijms130911173
PubMed: 23109845
PubMed Central: 3472737
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Commercial Bee Pollen with Different Geographical Origins: A Comprehensive Approach</title><author><name sortKey="Nogueira, Carla" sort="Nogueira, Carla" uniqKey="Nogueira C" first="Carla" last="Nogueira">Carla Nogueira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-ijms-13-11173">CIMO-Mountain Research Center, Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5301-855, Portugal; E-Mail:<email>carla.m.p.nogueira@hotmail.com</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iglesias, Antonio" sort="Iglesias, Antonio" uniqKey="Iglesias A" first="Antonio" last="Iglesias">Antonio Iglesias</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-ijms-13-11173">Department of Anatomy and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Galicia, Spain; E-Mail:<email>antonio.iglesias@usc.es</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feas, Xesus" sort="Feas, Xesus" uniqKey="Feas X" first="Xesus" last="Feás">Xesus Feás</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-ijms-13-11173">Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Galicia, Spain; E-Mail:<email>xesus.feas@usc.es</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Estevinho, Leticia M" sort="Estevinho, Leticia M" uniqKey="Estevinho L" first="Leticia M." last="Estevinho">Leticia M. Estevinho</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-ijms-13-11173">CIMO-Mountain Research Center, Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5301-855, Portugal; E-Mail:<email>carla.m.p.nogueira@hotmail.com</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23109845</idno><idno type="pmc">3472737</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3472737</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3472737</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/ijms130911173</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000184</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000184</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000184</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000184</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000188</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000188</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000134</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000134</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000134</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Commercial Bee Pollen with Different Geographical Origins: A Comprehensive Approach</title><author><name sortKey="Nogueira, Carla" sort="Nogueira, Carla" uniqKey="Nogueira C" first="Carla" last="Nogueira">Carla Nogueira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-ijms-13-11173">CIMO-Mountain Research Center, Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5301-855, Portugal; E-Mail:<email>carla.m.p.nogueira@hotmail.com</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iglesias, Antonio" sort="Iglesias, Antonio" uniqKey="Iglesias A" first="Antonio" last="Iglesias">Antonio Iglesias</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2-ijms-13-11173">Department of Anatomy and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Galicia, Spain; E-Mail:<email>antonio.iglesias@usc.es</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feas, Xesus" sort="Feas, Xesus" uniqKey="Feas X" first="Xesus" last="Feás">Xesus Feás</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3-ijms-13-11173">Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Galicia, Spain; E-Mail:<email>xesus.feas@usc.es</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Estevinho, Leticia M" sort="Estevinho, Leticia M" uniqKey="Estevinho L" first="Leticia M." last="Estevinho">Leticia M. Estevinho</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-ijms-13-11173">CIMO-Mountain Research Center, Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5301-855, Portugal; E-Mail:<email>carla.m.p.nogueira@hotmail.com</email></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Molecular Sciences</title><idno type="eISSN">1422-0067</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Since the primordial of humanity, pollen has been considered a good source of nutrients and energy. Its promising healing properties have also been referred to. The present study aimed to characterize, for the first time, eight commercial pollens from Portugal and Spain available on the market studying the legislation on labeling, pollinic origin, physicochemical and microbiological analyses and identification of yeasts. Eleven botanical families were found amongst the samples. The most abundant family and the most dominant pollen was <italic>Cistaceae</italic>. The moisture content, ash, <italic>a</italic><italic><sub>w</sub></italic>, pH, reducing sugars, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and energy were analyzed and the specific parameters were within the specifications required by some countries with legislation regarding these parameters. Microbiologically commercial pollen showed acceptable safety for the commercial quality and hygiene. All samples showed negative results for toxigenic species. The microorganisms studied were aerobic mesophiles, yeasts and moulds, coliforms, <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>, <italic>Salmonella</italic> and sulfite-reducing <italic>Clostridium</italic>. During the work, six yeasts species were isolated from pollen, with <italic>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</italic> being the most abundant, as it was present in four samples.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Almeida Muradian, L B" uniqKey="Almeida Muradian L">L.B. Almeida-Muradian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pamplona, L C" uniqKey="Pamplona L">L.C. Pamplona</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coimbra, S" uniqKey="Coimbra S">S. Coimbra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barth, O M" uniqKey="Barth O">O.M. Barth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yamaguchi, M" uniqKey="Yamaguchi M">M. 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Asquieri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barros, L" uniqKey="Barros L">L. Barros</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heleno, S A" uniqKey="Heleno S">S.A. Heleno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, A M" uniqKey="Carvalho A">A.M. Carvalho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, I C F R" uniqKey="Ferreira I">I.C.F.R. Ferreira</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Estevinho, Leticia M" sort="Estevinho, Leticia M" uniqKey="Estevinho L" first="Leticia M." last="Estevinho">Leticia M. Estevinho</name><name sortKey="Feas, Xesus" sort="Feas, Xesus" uniqKey="Feas X" first="Xesus" last="Feás">Xesus Feás</name><name sortKey="Iglesias, Antonio" sort="Iglesias, Antonio" uniqKey="Iglesias A" first="Antonio" last="Iglesias">Antonio Iglesias</name><name sortKey="Nogueira, Carla" sort="Nogueira, Carla" uniqKey="Nogueira C" first="Carla" last="Nogueira">Carla Nogueira</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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