Active and total microbial communities in forest soil are largely different and highly stratified during decomposition
Identifieur interne : 000429 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000428; suivant : 000430Active and total microbial communities in forest soil are largely different and highly stratified during decomposition
Auteurs : Petr Baldrian [République tchèque] ; Miroslav Kola K [République tchèque] ; Martina Štursová [République tchèque] ; Jan Kopeck [République tchèque] ; Vendula Valášková [République tchèque] ; Tomáš V Trovsk [République tchèque] ; Lucia Žif Ková [République tchèque] ; Jaroslav Šnajdr [République tchèque] ; Jakub Rídl [République tchèque] ; Estmír Vl Ek [République tchèque] ; Jana Vo Ková [République tchèque]Source :
- The ISME Journal [ 1751-7362 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Soils of coniferous forest ecosystems are important for the global carbon cycle, and the identification of active microbial decomposers is essential for understanding organic matter transformation in these ecosystems. By the independent analysis of DNA and RNA, whole communities of bacteria and fungi and its active members were compared in topsoil of a
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2011.95
PubMed: 21776033
PubMed Central: 3260513
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PMC:3260513Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Soils of coniferous forest ecosystems are important for the global carbon cycle, and the identification of active microbial decomposers is essential for understanding organic matter transformation in these ecosystems. By the independent analysis of DNA and RNA, whole communities of bacteria and fungi and its active members were compared in topsoil of a <italic>Picea abies</italic>
forest during a period of organic matter decomposition. Fungi quantitatively dominate the microbial community in the litter horizon, while the organic horizon shows comparable amount of fungal and bacterial biomasses. Active microbial populations obtained by RNA analysis exhibit similar diversity as DNA-derived populations, but significantly differ in the composition of microbial taxa. Several highly active taxa, especially fungal ones, show low abundance or even absence in the DNA pool. Bacteria and especially fungi are often distinctly associated with a particular soil horizon. Fungal communities are less even than bacterial ones and show higher relative abundances of dominant species. While dominant bacterial species are distributed across the studied ecosystem, distribution of dominant fungi is often spatially restricted as they are only recovered at some locations. The sequences of <italic>cbhI</italic>
gene encoding for cellobiohydrolase (exocellulase), an essential enzyme for cellulose decomposition, were compared in soil metagenome and metatranscriptome and assigned to their producers. Litter horizon exhibits higher diversity and higher proportion of expressed sequences than organic horizon. Cellulose decomposition is mediated by highly diverse fungal populations largely distinct between soil horizons. The results indicate that low-abundance species make an important contribution to decomposition processes in soils.</p>
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