Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years
Identifieur interne : 001546 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001545; suivant : 001547Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years
Auteurs : Winifred PenningtonSource :
- Hydrobiologia [ 0018-8158 ] ; 1991-05-01.
Abstract
Abstract: In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last ca 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of: i. Climatic changes, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence. ii. Processes of pedogenesis, determining the composition of sediment-source material. iii. Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/BF00050927
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BDLe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title><author><name sortKey="Pennington, Winifred" sort="Pennington, Winifred" uniqKey="Pennington W" first="Winifred" last="Pennington">Winifred Pennington</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD</idno><date when="1991" year="1991">1991</date><idno type="doi">10.1007/BF00050927</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001546</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001546</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title><author><name sortKey="Pennington, Winifred" sort="Pennington, Winifred" uniqKey="Pennington W" first="Winifred" last="Pennington">Winifred Pennington</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Hydrobiologia</title><title level="j" type="sub">The International Journal of Aquatic Sciences</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Hydrobiologia</title><idno type="ISSN">0018-8158</idno><idno type="eISSN">1573-5117</idno><imprint><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1991-05-01">1991-05-01</date><biblScope unit="volume">214</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="9">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="24">24</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0018-8158</idno></series><idno type="istex">7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/BF00050927</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BF00050927</idno><idno type="ArticleID">Art3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0018-8158</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last ca 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of: i. Climatic changes, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence. ii. Processes of pedogenesis, determining the composition of sediment-source material. iii. Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>springer</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Winifred Pennington</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>BF00050927</json:string><json:string>Art3</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>OriginalPaper</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last ca 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of: i. Climatic changes, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence. ii. Processes of pedogenesis, determining the composition of sediment-source material. iii. Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>540 x 738 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1693</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6373</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>41921</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>16</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>255</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>N,M Atherton</name></json:item><json:item><name>P,A Cranwell</name></json:item><json:item><name>A,J Floyd</name></json:item><json:item><name>&,R D Haworth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>23</volume><pages><last>67</last><first>1653</first></pages><author></author><title>Tetrahedron</title><publicationDate>1967</publicationDate></host><title>Humic acid. 1. ESR of humic acids</title><publicationDate>1967</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>K,D Bennett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>95</volume><pages><last>487</last><first>457</first></pages><issue>95</issue><author></author><title>New Phytol. New Phytol</title><publicationDate>1983</publicationDate></host><title>Devensian late-glacial and Flandrian vegetational history at Hockham Mere, Norfolk, England. I. Pollen percentages and concentrations Pollen accumulation rates</title><publicationDate>1983</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><pages><last>126</last><first>111</first></pages><author><json:item><name>B,E Berglund</name></json:item></author><title>Palaeoecological reference areas and reference sites</title><publicationDate>1986</publicationDate></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M,W Binford</name></json:item><json:item><name>E,S Deevey</name></json:item><json:item><name>&,T L Gisman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>14</volume><pages><last>286</last><first>255</first></pages><author></author><title>Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst</title><publicationDate>1983</publicationDate></host><title>Palaeolimnology: A historical perspective on lacustrine ecosystems</title><publicationDate>1983</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,R Coope</name></json:item></author><host><volume>280</volume><pages><last>340</last><first>313</first></pages><author></author><title>Phil. Trans. r. Sot. Lond. B</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></host><title>Fossil coleopteran assemblages as sensitive indicators of climatic changes during the Devensian (last) cold stage</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,R W Coope</name></json:item><json:item><name> Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>280</volume><pages><last>339</last><first>337</first></pages><author></author><title>Phil. Trans. r. Sot. Lond. B</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></host><title>The Windermere Interstadial of the Late Devensian</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Davison</name></json:item></author><host><volume>290</volume><pages><last>243</last><first>241</first></pages><author></author><title>Nature</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></host><title>The supply of iron and manganese to an anoxic lake basin</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,S Deevey</name></json:item></author><host><volume>237</volume><pages><last>724</last><first>691</first></pages><author></author><title>Am. J. Sci</title><publicationDate>1939</publicationDate></host><title>Studies on Connecticut lake sediments. I. A post-glacial climatic chronology for Southern New England</title><publicationDate>1939</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,S Deevey</name></json:item></author><host><volume>240</volume><pages><last>64313</last><first>233</first></pages><author></author><title>Am. J. Sci</title><publicationDate>1942</publicationDate></host><title>Studies on Connecticut lake sediments. III. The biostratonomy of Linsley Pond</title><publicationDate>1942</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,S Deevey</name></json:item></author><host><volume>8</volume><pages><last>38</last><first>9</first></pages><author></author><title>Mem. 1st. Ital. Idrobiol. Supl</title><publicationDate>1955</publicationDate></host><title>The obliteration of the hypolimnion</title><publicationDate>1955</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,H Evans</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Aberystwyth ): MSc thesis</title><publicationDate>1961</publicationDate></host><title>A study ofthe diatoms in a core from the sediments of Devoke Water</title><publicationDate>1961</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,H Evans</name></json:item></author><host><volume>69</volume><pages><last>874</last><first>821</first></pages><author></author><title>New Phytol</title><publicationDate>1970</publicationDate></host><title>Pollen and diatom analyses of Late- Quaternary deposits in the Blelham basin, north Lancashire</title><publicationDate>1970</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,W W Franks</name></json:item><json:item><name> Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><last>42</last><first>27</first></pages><author></author><title>New Phytol</title></host><title>The Late-glacial and Postglacial deposits of the Esthwaite basin, north Lancashire</title></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>H Godwin</name></json:item></author><title>History of the British Flora</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C,E Goulden</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><first>52</first></pages><author></author><title>Arch. Hydrobiol</title><publicationDate>1964</publicationDate></host><title>The history of the Cladoceran fauna of Esthwaite Water (England) and its limnological significance</title><publicationDate>1964</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R,V Harmsworth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>38</volume><pages><last>41</last><first>232</first></pages><author></author><title>Ecol. Monogr</title><publicationDate>1968</publicationDate></host><title>The developmental history of Blelham Tarn (England) as shown by animal microfossils, with special reference to the Cladocera</title><publicationDate>1968</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,Y Haworth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>57</volume><pages><last>439</last><first>429</first></pages><author></author><title>Langdale. J. Ecol</title><publicationDate>1969</publicationDate></host><title>The diatoms of a sediment core from Blea Tarn</title><publicationDate>1969</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,Y Haworth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>25</volume><pages><last>103</last><first>1093</first></pages><author></author><title>Limnol. Oceanogr</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></host><title>Comparison of continuous phytoplankton records with the diatom stratigraphy in the recent sediments of Blelham Tarn</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,Y Haworth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>53</volume><pages><last>79</last><first>60</first></pages><author></author><title>Ann. Rep. Freshwat. Biol. Ass</title><publicationDate>1985</publicationDate></host><title>The highly nervous system of the English Lakes': aquatic ecosystem sensitivity to external changes, as demonstrated by diatoms</title><publicationDate>1985</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E,Y J Haworth</name></json:item><json:item><name> Long</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Inst. Freshwat. Ecology</title><publicationDate>1989</publicationDate></host><title>Lake District Palaeolimnology: a bibliography</title><publicationDate>1989</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F,T Howell</name></json:item></author><host><volume>7</volume><pages><last>334</last><first>329</first></pages><issue>2</issue><author></author><title>Geol. J. Pt</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></host><title>A continuous seismic profile survey of Windermere</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,E A Hutchinson</name></json:item><json:item><name> Wollack</name></json:item></author><host><volume>238</volume><pages><last>517</last><first>493</first></pages><author></author><title>Am. J. Sci</title><publicationDate>1940</publicationDate></host><title>Studies on Connecticut lake sediments II. Chemical analyses of a core from Linsley Pond</title><publicationDate>1940</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>K,A Jessen</name></json:item><json:item><name> Farrington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>44</volume><pages><last>260</last><first>205</first></pages><author></author><title>Proc. R. Ir. Acad. B</title><publicationDate>1938</publicationDate></host><title>The bogs at Ballybetagh, near Dublin, with remarks on late glacial conditions in Ireland</title><publicationDate>1938</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,G Jones</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><last>91</last><first>777</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Ecol</title><publicationDate>1972</publicationDate></host><title>Studies on freshwater micro-organisms: phosphatase activity in lakes of differing degrees of eutrophication</title><publicationDate>1972</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,T Lehmann</name></json:item></author><host><volume>5</volume><pages><last>50</last><first>541</first></pages><author></author><title>Quat. Res. NY</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></host><title>Reconstructing the rate of accumulation oflake sediment: the effect of sediment focusing</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,E M B Likens</name></json:item><json:item><name> Davis</name></json:item></author><host><volume>19</volume><pages><last>993</last><first>982</first></pages><author></author><title>Verh. int. Verein. Limnol</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></host><title>Post-glacial history of Mirror Lake and its watershed in New Hampshire, U.S.A.: an initial report</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F,J H Mackereth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>161</volume><pages><last>309</last><first>295</first></pages><author></author><title>Proc. R. Sot. London B</title><publicationDate>1965</publicationDate></host><title>Chemical investigations of lake sediments and their interpretation</title><publicationDate>1965</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F,J H Mackereth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>250</volume><pages><last>213</last><first>165</first></pages><author></author><title>Phil. Trans. r. Sot. London B</title><publicationDate>1966</publicationDate></host><title>Some chemical observations on post-glacial lake sediments</title><publicationDate>1966</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F,J H Mackereth</name></json:item></author><host><volume>37</volume><pages><last>8</last><first>131</first></pages><author></author><title>Earth Planet. Sci. Lett</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></host><title>On the variation in direction ofthe horizontal component of remanent magnetisation in lake sediments</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G Manley</name></json:item></author><host><volume>2</volume><pages><last>215</last><first>188</first></pages><issue>2</issue><author></author><title>Liverpool and Manchester Geological Journal</title><publicationDate>1959</publicationDate></host><title>The late-glacial climate of north-west England</title><publicationDate>1959</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G &trem</name></json:item></author><host><volume>23</volume><pages><last>122</last><first>101</first></pages><author></author><title>S.P. Pub. No</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></host><title>Sediment transport in glacial meltwater streams. Glaciofluvial and Glaciolacustrine Sedimentation</title><publicationDate>1975</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W,H Pearsall</name></json:item></author><host><volume>92</volume><pages><last>84</last><first>259</first></pages><author></author><title>Proc. r. Sot. Lond. B</title><publicationDate>1921</publicationDate></host><title>The development of vegetation in the English Lakes, considered in relation to the general evolution of glacial lakes and rock basins</title><publicationDate>1921</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W,H W Pearsall</name></json:item><json:item><name> Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>34</volume><pages><last>148</last><first>137</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Ecol</title><publicationDate>1947</publicationDate></host><title>The ecological history of the Lake District</title><publicationDate>1947</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>42</volume><pages><first>27</first></pages><author></author><title>New Phytol</title><publicationDate>1943</publicationDate></host><title>Lake sediments: the bottom deposits of the North Basin of Windermere, with special reference to the diatom succession</title><publicationDate>1943</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>233</volume><pages><last>175</last><first>137</first></pages><author></author><title>Phil. Trans. r. Sot. London B</title><publicationDate>1947</publicationDate></host><title>Lake sediments: pollen diagrams from the bottom deposits of the North Basin of Windermere</title><publicationDate>1947</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>79</last><first>41</first></pages><author></author><title>Studies in the vegetational history ofthe British Isles</title><publicationDate>1970</publicationDate></host><title>Vegetation history in the north-west of England: a regional synthesis</title><publicationDate>1970</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item><json:item><name>T,G Mrs</name></json:item><json:item><name> Tutin</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>104</last><first>79</first></pages><author></author><title>Quaternary Plant Ecology Blackwell Scientific Publications</title><publicationDate>1973</publicationDate></host><title>Absolute pollen frequencies in the sediments of lakes of different morphometry</title><publicationDate>1973</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>82</last><first>363</first></pages><author></author><title>Mrs T. G. Tutin)</title><publicationDate>1973</publicationDate></host><title>The recent sediments of Windermere</title><publicationDate>1973</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item><json:item><name>T,G Mrs</name></json:item><json:item><name> Tutin</name></json:item></author><host><volume>280</volume><pages><last>271</last><first>247</first></pages><author></author><title>Phil Trans. r. Sot. Lond. B</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></host><title>The Late Devensian flora and vegetation of Britain</title><publicationDate>1977</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>20</volume><pages><last>641</last><first>636</first></pages><author></author><title>Verh. int. Verein. Limnol</title><publicationDate>1978</publicationDate></host><title>Responses of some British lakes to past changes in land use on their catchments</title><publicationDate>1978</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>255</last><first>207</first></pages><author></author><title>Geology of the Lake District</title><publicationDate>1978</publicationDate></host><title>Quaternary Geology</title><publicationDate>1978</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name> Leeds</name></json:item></author></host></json:item><json:item><host><pages><last>77</last><first>1976</first></pages><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><title>198 1 a. Sediment composition in relation to the interpretation of pollen data. IV International Palynological Conference</title></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>79</volume><pages><last>219</last><first>197</first></pages><author></author><title>Hydrobiologia</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></host><title>Records of a lake's life in time: the sediments</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item></author><host><volume>52</volume><pages><last>46</last><first>28</first></pages><author></author><title>Ann. Rep. Freshwat. Biol. Ass</title><publicationDate>1984</publicationDate></host><title>Long-term natural acidification of upland sites in Cumbria: evidence from post-glacial lake sediments</title><publicationDate>1984</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Pennington</name></json:item><json:item><name>R,S Cambray</name></json:item><json:item><name>J,D Eakins</name></json:item><json:item><name>&,D D Harkness</name></json:item></author><host><volume>6</volume><pages><last>331</last><first>317</first></pages><author></author><title>Freshwat. Biol</title><publicationDate>1976</publicationDate></host><title>Radionuclide dating of the recent sediments of Blelham Tarn</title><publicationDate>1976</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W,J P Pennington</name></json:item><json:item><name> Lishman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>46</volume><pages><last>313</last><first>279</first></pages><author></author><title>Biol. Reviews Cambridge Phil. Sot</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></host><title>Iodine in lake sediments in northern England and Scotland</title><publicationDate>1971</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W,J P Pennington</name></json:item><json:item><name> Lishman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>69</volume><pages><last>54</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Arch. Hydrobiol</title><publicationDate>1984</publicationDate></host><title>The post-glacial sediments of Blelham Tarn: geochemistry and palaeoecology</title><publicationDate>1984</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F,E Round</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><last>59</last><first>43</first></pages><author></author><title>New Phytol</title><publicationDate>1961</publicationDate></host><title>The diatoms of a core from Esthwaite Water</title><publicationDate>1961</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,B Sissons</name></json:item></author><host><volume>10</volume><pages><last>37</last><first>31</first></pages><author></author><title>Scot. J. Geol</title><publicationDate>1974</publicationDate></host><title>The Quaternary in Scotland: a review</title><publicationDate>1974</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,B Sissons</name></json:item></author><host><volume>71</volume><pages><last>27</last><first>13</first></pages><author></author><title>Trans. r. Sot. Ediuv: Earth Sciences</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></host><title>The Loch Lomond Advance in the Lake District, northern England</title><publicationDate>1980</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><host><author><json:item><name>M,A Sturm</name></json:item><json:item><name> Matter</name></json:item></author><title>Turbidites and varves in Lake Brienz (Switzerland): deposition of elastic detritus by density currents. pp. 145-168 in: Modern and ancient lake sediments (International Association of Sedimentologists</title><publicationDate>1978</publicationDate></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,F Talling</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Rep. Freshwat. Biol. Ass</title><publicationDate>1986</publicationDate></host><title>A general assessment of environmental and biological features of Windermere and their susceptibility to change</title><publicationDate>1986</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J,F S I Talling</name></json:item><json:item><name> Heaney</name></json:item></author><host><pages><first>19</first></pages><author></author><title>Algae and the Aquatic Environment</title><publicationDate>1988</publicationDate></host><title>Long-term changes in some English (Cumbrian) lakes subjected to increased nutrient inputs</title><publicationDate>1988</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G,H R Turner</name></json:item><json:item><name> Thompson</name></json:item></author><host><volume>65</volume><pages><last>725</last><first>703</first></pages><author></author><title>Geophys. J. R. astr. Sot</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></host><title>Lake sediment record of the geomagnetic secular variation in Britain during Holocene times</title><publicationDate>1981</publicationDate></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W Tutin</name></json:item></author><host><volume>17</volume><pages><last>64</last><first>154</first></pages><author></author><title>Mitt. int. Ver. Limnol</title><publicationDate>1969</publicationDate></host><title>The usefulness of pollen analysis in interpretation of stratigraphic horizons, both late-glacial and post-glacial</title><publicationDate>1969</publicationDate></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>214</volume><pages><last>24</last><first>9</first></pages><issn><json:string>0018-8158</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><subject><json:item><value>Ecology</value></json:item><json:item><value>Hydrobiology</value></json:item></subject><journalId><json:string>10750</json:string></journalId><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1573-5117</json:string></eissn><title>Hydrobiologia</title><publicationDate>1991</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1991</copyrightDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>marine & freshwater biology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>marine biology & hydrobiology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1991</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1991</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1007/BF00050927</json:string></doi><id>7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><availability><p>Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991</p></availability><date>1991</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Winifred</forename><surname>Pennington</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Hydrobiologia</title><title level="j" type="sub">The International Journal of Aquatic Sciences</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Hydrobiologia</title><idno type="journal-ID">10750</idno><idno type="pISSN">0018-8158</idno><idno type="eISSN">1573-5117</idno><idno type="issue-article-count">49</idno><idno type="volume-issue-count">0</idno><imprint><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><pubPlace>Dordrecht</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1991-05-01"></date><biblScope unit="volume">214</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="9">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="24">24</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1007/BF00050927</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BF00050927</idno><idno type="ArticleID">Art3</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1991</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last ca 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of: i. Climatic changes, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence. ii. Processes of pedogenesis, determining the composition of sediment-source material. iii. Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>Life Sciences</head><item><term>Ecology</term></item><item><term>Hydrobiology</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1991-05-01">Published</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-11-22">References added</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2017-01-21">References added</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Springer, Publisher found" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//Springer-Verlag//DTD A++ V2.4//EN" URI="http://devel.springer.de/A++/V2.4/DTD/A++V2.4.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><Publisher><PublisherInfo><PublisherName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</PublisherName><PublisherLocation>Dordrecht</PublisherLocation></PublisherInfo><Journal><JournalInfo JournalProductType="ArchiveJournal" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered"><JournalID>10750</JournalID><JournalPrintISSN>0018-8158</JournalPrintISSN><JournalElectronicISSN>1573-5117</JournalElectronicISSN><JournalTitle>Hydrobiologia</JournalTitle><JournalSubTitle>The International Journal of Aquatic Sciences</JournalSubTitle><JournalAbbreviatedTitle>Hydrobiologia</JournalAbbreviatedTitle><JournalSubjectGroup><JournalSubject Type="Primary">Life Sciences</JournalSubject><JournalSubject Type="Secondary">Ecology</JournalSubject><JournalSubject Type="Secondary">Hydrobiology</JournalSubject></JournalSubjectGroup></JournalInfo><Volume><VolumeInfo VolumeType="Regular" TocLevels="0"><VolumeIDStart>214</VolumeIDStart><VolumeIDEnd>214</VolumeIDEnd><VolumeIssueCount>0</VolumeIssueCount></VolumeInfo><Issue IssueType="Regular"><IssueInfo TocLevels="0"><IssueIDStart>1</IssueIDStart><IssueIDEnd>1</IssueIDEnd><IssueArticleCount>49</IssueArticleCount><IssueHistory><CoverDate><Year>1991</Year><Month>5</Month></CoverDate></IssueHistory><IssueCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</CopyrightHolderName><CopyrightYear>1991</CopyrightYear></IssueCopyright></IssueInfo><Article ID="Art3"><ArticleInfo Language="En" ArticleType="OriginalPaper" NumberingStyle="Unnumbered" TocLevels="0" ContainsESM="No"><ArticleID>BF00050927</ArticleID><ArticleDOI>10.1007/BF00050927</ArticleDOI><ArticleSequenceNumber>3</ArticleSequenceNumber><ArticleTitle Language="En">Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</ArticleTitle><ArticleFirstPage>9</ArticleFirstPage><ArticleLastPage>24</ArticleLastPage><ArticleHistory><RegistrationDate><Year>2004</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day></RegistrationDate></ArticleHistory><ArticleCopyright><CopyrightHolderName>Kluwer Academic Publishers</CopyrightHolderName><CopyrightYear>1991</CopyrightYear></ArticleCopyright><ArticleGrants Type="Regular"><MetadataGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></MetadataGrant><AbstractGrant Grant="OpenAccess"></AbstractGrant><BodyPDFGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyPDFGrant><BodyHTMLGrant Grant="Restricted"></BodyHTMLGrant><BibliographyGrant Grant="Restricted"></BibliographyGrant><ESMGrant Grant="Restricted"></ESMGrant></ArticleGrants><ArticleContext><JournalID>10750</JournalID><VolumeIDStart>214</VolumeIDStart><VolumeIDEnd>214</VolumeIDEnd><IssueIDStart>1</IssueIDStart><IssueIDEnd>1</IssueIDEnd></ArticleContext></ArticleInfo><ArticleHeader><AuthorGroup><Author AffiliationIDS="Aff1"><AuthorName DisplayOrder="Western"><GivenName>Winifred</GivenName><FamilyName>Pennington</FamilyName></AuthorName></Author><Affiliation ID="Aff1"><OrgDivision>Department of Botany</OrgDivision><OrgName>University of Leicester</OrgName><OrgAddress><Street>University Road</Street><City>Leicester</City><Postcode>LE1 7RH</Postcode><Country>UK</Country></OrgAddress></Affiliation></AuthorGroup><Abstract ID="Abs1" Language="En"><Heading>Abstract</Heading><Para>In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last <Emphasis Type="Italic">ca</Emphasis> 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of:</Para><Para><OrderedList><ListItem><ItemNumber>i.</ItemNumber><ItemContent><Para><Emphasis Type="Italic">Climatic changes</Emphasis>, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence.</Para></ItemContent></ListItem><ListItem><ItemNumber>ii.</ItemNumber><ItemContent><Para><Emphasis Type="Italic">Processes of pedogenesis</Emphasis>, determining the composition of sediment-source material.</Para></ItemContent></ListItem><ListItem><ItemNumber>iii.</ItemNumber><ItemContent><Para><Emphasis Type="Italic">Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota</Emphasis> in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.</Para></ItemContent></ListItem></OrderedList></Para></Abstract></ArticleHeader><NoBody></NoBody></Article></Issue></Volume></Journal></Publisher></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Winifred</namePart><namePart type="family">Pennington</namePart><affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="OriginalPaper"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Kluwer Academic Publishers</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Dordrecht</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1991-05-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1991</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: In a review of work on 10 of the very numerous lakes of the English Lake District — work which involved co-operation between palaeolimnologists from different disciplines and between palaeo- and neolimnologists — the questions asked by the researchers are listed and it is shown which kind of lake has provided constructive answers. Complete and conformable sediment profiles covering the last ca 14 000 years are found in these lakes, but no single profile is optimal for study of the whole period. Knowledge of the pattern of sediment accumulation is necessary before the record in microfossils and changing sediment composition can be interpreted with confidence. The demonstration that the sediment-source material of these open lakes must have been largely allochthonous established the importance of the sediment column as a record of changes through time in the composition and stability of the soils of each catchment. These changes illustrate the influence of: i. Climatic changes, from glacial to temperate interstadial followed by renewed glaciation (Younger Dryas) and then by a long temperate (postglacial) state, during which changes in stream run-off and in the pattern of deposition in lakes indicate changes in precipitation and wind-induced turbulence. ii. Processes of pedogenesis, determining the composition of sediment-source material. iii. Changes in aquatic and terrestrial biota in response to climatic changes interacting with biological processes; the major changes which coincide with changing land use by man over 5000 years, and the more recent changes associated with the dates for human discharges into lakes and the deposition of airborne pollutants.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Hydrobiologia</title><subTitle>The International Journal of Aquatic Sciences</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Hydrobiologia</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" displayLabel="Archive Journal"></genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1991-05-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1991</copyrightDate></originInfo><subject><genre>Life Sciences</genre><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Hydrobiology</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0018-8158</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1573-5117</identifier><identifier type="JournalID">10750</identifier><identifier type="IssueArticleCount">49</identifier><identifier type="VolumeIssueCount">0</identifier><part><date>1991</date><detail type="volume"><number>214</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>9</start><end>24</end></extent></part><recordInfo><recordOrigin>Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991</recordOrigin></recordInfo></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1007/BF00050927</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">BF00050927</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">Art3</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>SPRINGER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Bois/explor/CheneBelgiqueV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001546 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001546 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Bois
|area= CheneBelgiqueV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:7CEE496C9388064A9181EBF4B918750A9582A2BD
|texte= Palaeolimnology in the English Lakes — some questions and answers over fifty years
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |