Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification
Identifieur interne : 001163 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001162; suivant : 001164Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification
Auteurs : Gabriela Riofrío-Dillon ; Romain Bertrand ; Jean-Claude GégoutSource :
- Global Change Biology [ 1354-1013 ] ; 2012-11.
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (R2 = 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.
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DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12002
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gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bertrand, Romain" sort="Bertrand, Romain" uniqKey="Bertrand R" first="Romain" last="Bertrand">Romain Bertrand</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gegout, Jean Laude" sort="Gegout, Jean Laude" uniqKey="Gegout J" first="Jean-Claude" last="Gégout">Jean-Claude Gégout</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude 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Riofrío-Dillon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>French Environment and Energy Management Agency, 20 avenue du Grésillé‐BP 90406, 49004, Angers Cedex 01, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bertrand, Romain" sort="Bertrand, Romain" uniqKey="Bertrand R" first="Romain" last="Bertrand">Romain Bertrand</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gegout, Jean Laude" sort="Gegout, Jean Laude" uniqKey="Gegout J" first="Jean-Claude" last="Gégout">Jean-Claude Gégout</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Global Change Biology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Glob Change Biol</title><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-11">2012-11</date><biblScope unit="volume">18</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="3383">3383</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="3394">3394</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno></series><idno type="istex">964DC39AEBA9216DCD57B9CC564184E29386FB53</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/gcb.12002</idno><idno type="ArticleID">GCB12002</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (R2 = 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Gabriela Riofrío‐Dillon</name><affiliations><json:string>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</json:string><json:string>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</json:string><json:string>French Environment and Energy Management Agency, 20 avenue du Grésillé‐BP 90406, 49004, Angers Cedex 01, France</json:string><json:string>E-mail: gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Romain Bertrand</name><affiliations><json:string>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</json:string><json:string>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jean‐Claude Gégout</name><affiliations><json:string>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</json:string><json:string>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>acidic and nonacidic forest areas</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>bioindication</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>France</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>pH</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>recovery</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>spatiotemporal trends of soil acidity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>species assemblages</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>GCB12002</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (R2 = 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>2019</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>9259</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>54398</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>295</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>J Aber</name></json:item><json:item><name>W McDowell</name></json:item><json:item><name>K Nadelhoffer</name></json:item></author><host><volume>48</volume><pages><last>934</last><first>921</first></pages><author></author><title>BioScience</title></host><title>Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems</title></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Badeau N, Landmann G (1996). 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Histogram of occurrence of the 482 forest herb species used for calibrating a WA‐PLS model. Figures above bars represent the number of species by occurrence class.Figure S2. R2 (between predicted and measured pH, open circles) and RMSE (closed circles) variation according to the number of species per plot used to predict pH values from species assemblages. Values were computed by an iterative sampling approach using the 16 × 16 Network dataset to define the minimal number of species per plot to calibrate the WA‐PLS model. Arrows indicate the number of species per plot selected in function of the computed R2 and RMSE.Figure S3. Variogram for the ‘reference’ floristic plots in (a) acidic and (b) nonacidic French forest areas. The solid blue line describes a fitted spherical model. The threshold of distance selected because pH values within this radius were spatially autocorrelated is indicated by arrows (i.e., 5 km).</note><note>National Institute of Rural, Water and Forestry Engineering</note><note>National Forest Department</note><note>French Environment and Energy Management Agency</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Gabriela</forename><surname>Riofrío‐Dillon</surname></persName><email>gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</email><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation><affiliation>French Environment and Energy Management Agency, 20 avenue du Grésillé‐BP 90406, 49004, Angers Cedex 01, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Romain</forename><surname>Bertrand</surname></persName><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Jean‐Claude</forename><surname>Gégout</surname></persName><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Global Change Biology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Glob Change Biol</title><idno type="pISSN">1354-1013</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-11"></date><biblScope unit="volume">18</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="3383">3383</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="3394">3394</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">964DC39AEBA9216DCD57B9CC564184E29386FB53</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/gcb.12002</idno><idno type="ArticleID">GCB12002</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012-08-10</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (R2 = 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>acidic and nonacidic forest areas</term></item><item><term>bioindication</term></item><item><term>France</term></item><item><term>pH</term></item><item><term>recovery</term></item><item><term>spatiotemporal trends of soil acidity</term></item><item><term>species assemblages</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Primary Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2012-03-15">Received</change><change when="2012-07-30">Registration</change><change when="2012-08-10">Created</change><change when="2012-11">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/964DC39AEBA9216DCD57B9CC564184E29386FB53/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="gcb12002" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</doi><issn type="print">1354-1013</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2486</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="GCB"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY" type="main">Global Change Biology</title><title type="short">Glob Change Biol</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="11111"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/gcb.2012.18.issue-11</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="18">18</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">11</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-11">November 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="120" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/gcb.12002</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="GCB12002"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="12" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Primary Research Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Primary Research Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2012-03-15" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event date="2012-06-25" type="manuscriptRevised"></event><event date="2012-07-30" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2012-08-10" type="xmlCreated"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAccepted" date="2012-08-04"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-09-03"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-09-03"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-10-04"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-25"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">3383</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">3394</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Correspondence: Gabriela Riofrío‐Dillon, tel. + 33 3 83 396 804, fax + 33 3 83 396 800, e‐mail: <email>gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:GCB.GCB12002.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification</title><title type="shortAuthors">G. Riofrío‐Dillon <i>et al</i>.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#gcb12002-aff-0001 #gcb12002-aff-0002 #gcb12002-aff-0003" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="gcb12002-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>Gabriela</givenNames> <familyName>Riofrío‐Dillon</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#gcb12002-aff-0001 #gcb12002-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="gcb12002-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>Romain</givenNames> <familyName>Bertrand</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#gcb12002-aff-0001 #gcb12002-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="gcb12002-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Claude</givenNames> <familyName>Gégout</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="gcb12002-aff-0001"><orgDiv>AgroParisTech, ENGREF</orgDiv> <orgName>UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB)</orgName> <address><street>14 rue Girardet</street> <postCode>F‐54000</postCode> <city>Nancy</city> <country>France</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="gcb12002-aff-0002"><orgDiv>INRA</orgDiv> <orgName>Centre de Nancy</orgName> <orgDiv>UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB)</orgDiv> <address><postCode>F‐54280</postCode> <city>Champenoux</city> <country>France</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="gcb12002-aff-0003"><orgName>French Environment and Energy Management Agency</orgName> <address><street>20 avenue du Grésillé‐BP 90406</street> <postCode>49004</postCode> <city>Angers Cedex 01</city> <country>France</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0001">acidic and nonacidic forest areas</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0002">bioindication</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0003">France</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0004">pH</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0005">recovery</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0006">spatiotemporal trends of soil acidity</keyword><keyword xml:id="gcb12002-kwd-0007">species assemblages</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>National Institute of Rural, Water and Forestry Engineering</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>National Forest Department</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>French Environment and Energy Management Agency</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><supportingInformation><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting" mimeType="application/msword" href="urn-x:wiley:13541013:media:gcb12002:gcb12002-sup-0001-FiguresS1-S3"></mediaResource><caption><b>Figure S1.</b> Histogram of occurrence of the 482 forest herb species used for calibrating a WA‐PLS model. Figures above bars represent the number of species by occurrence class.
<b>Figure S2. </b><i>R</i><sup>2</sup> (between predicted and measured pH, open circles) and RMSE (closed circles) variation according to the number of species per plot used to predict pH values from species assemblages. Values were computed by an iterative sampling approach using the 16 × 16 Network dataset to define the minimal number of species per plot to calibrate the WA‐PLS model. Arrows indicate the number of species per plot selected in function of the computed <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> and RMSE.
<b>Figure S3.</b> Variogram for the ‘reference’ floristic plots in (a) acidic and (b) nonacidic French forest areas. The solid blue line describes a fitted spherical model. The threshold of distance selected because pH values within this radius were spatially autocorrelated is indicated by arrows (i.e., 5 km).</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="gcb12002-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup><i> </i>= 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Toward a recovery time: forest herbs insight related to anthropogenic acidification</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gabriela</namePart><namePart type="family">Riofrío‐Dillon</namePart><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation><affiliation>French Environment and Energy Management Agency, 20 avenue du Grésillé‐BP 90406, 49004, Angers Cedex 01, France</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: gabriela.riofriodillon@agroparistech.fr</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Romain</namePart><namePart type="family">Bertrand</namePart><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Claude</namePart><namePart type="family">Gégout</namePart><affiliation>AgroParisTech, ENGREF, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), 14 rue Girardet, F‐54000, Nancy, France</affiliation><affiliation>INRA, UMR1092 Laboratoire d'Etude des Ressources Forêt‐Bois (LERFoB), Centre de Nancy, F‐54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-11</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-08-10</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2012-03-15</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2012-07-30</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Atmospheric deposition is a global concern contributing to soil acidification and biodiversity changes in forest ecosystems. Although acidifying deposition has decreased in the last decades in Europe, few evidence of ecosystem recovery from acidification has been reported until now. The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal changes in soil pH across the entire French forest territory over the last 100‐year period through herb species assemblages. Data were collected from floristic databases resulting in a total of 120 216 plots covering French forests and spanning from 1910 to 2010. To define acidity figures, pH values were inferred from herb assemblages for each plot of the prediction dataset based on a weighted averaging partial least squares (WA‐PLS) model (R2 = 0.80, SD = 0.59 for the validation dataset). Spatiotemporal trends of mean pH changes were obtained by comparing plots with respect to the period (mean year of the period = 1933, 1966, 1984, 1997, 2007) and substrate (acidic and nonacidic forest areas). Bioindicated pH highlighted a decrease in soil pH in both acidic and nonacidic forest areas. The sharpest and most significant pH decrease occurred before 1984 in acidic areas, reaching 0.34 pH units. Subsequently, no significant changes were observed, with a tendency toward stabilization. By contrast, the pH decrease reached 0.19 pH units in nonacidic areas, only reaching significance between 1984 and 1997. Thereafter, we observed a slight and significant pH increase. Spatially, pH trends revealed a regionalized character of acidification regarding the substrate, which could not be related to the extent of deposition modeled by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme. Both temporal and spatial trends highlight the lagged responses of nonacidic areas compared with acidic areas. Hence, floristic reconstructed pH trends demonstrate a gradual cessation and recovery from acidification of French forests after a period of intense atmospheric pollution.</abstract><note type="additional physical form">Figure S1. Histogram of occurrence of the 482 forest herb species used for calibrating a WA‐PLS model. Figures above bars represent the number of species by occurrence class.Figure S2. R2 (between predicted and measured pH, open circles) and RMSE (closed circles) variation according to the number of species per plot used to predict pH values from species assemblages. Values were computed by an iterative sampling approach using the 16 × 16 Network dataset to define the minimal number of species per plot to calibrate the WA‐PLS model. Arrows indicate the number of species per plot selected in function of the computed R2 and RMSE.Figure S3. Variogram for the ‘reference’ floristic plots in (a) acidic and (b) nonacidic French forest areas. The solid blue line describes a fitted spherical model. The threshold of distance selected because pH values within this radius were spatially autocorrelated is indicated by arrows (i.e., 5 km).</note><note type="funding">National Institute of Rural, Water and Forestry Engineering</note><note type="funding">National Forest Department</note><note type="funding">French Environment and Energy Management Agency</note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>acidic and nonacidic forest areas</topic><topic>bioindication</topic><topic>France</topic><topic>pH</topic><topic>recovery</topic><topic>spatiotemporal trends of soil acidity</topic><topic>species assemblages</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Global Change Biology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Glob Change Biol</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Primary Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1354-1013</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2486</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">GCB</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>18</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>11</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>3383</start><end>3394</end><total>12</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">964DC39AEBA9216DCD57B9CC564184E29386FB53</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/gcb.12002</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">GCB12002</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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