ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions.
Identifieur interne : 001774 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 001773; suivant : 001775ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions.
Auteurs : Jonathan Ac Sterne [Royaume-Uni] ; Miguel A. Hernán [États-Unis] ; Barnaby C. Reeves [Royaume-Uni] ; Jelena Savovi [Royaume-Uni] ; Nancy D. Berkman [États-Unis] ; Meera Viswanathan [États-Unis] ; David Henry [Canada] ; Douglas G. Altman [Royaume-Uni] ; Mohammed T. Ansari [Canada] ; Isabelle Boutron [France] ; James R. Carpenter [Royaume-Uni] ; An-Wen Chan [Canada] ; Rachel Churchill [Royaume-Uni] ; Jonathan J. Deeks [Royaume-Uni] ; Asbj Rn Hr Bjartsson [Danemark] ; Jamie Kirkham [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Jüni [Canada] ; Yoon K. Loke [Royaume-Uni] ; Theresa D. Pigott [États-Unis] ; Craig R. Ramsay [Royaume-Uni] ; Deborah Regidor [États-Unis] ; Hannah R. Rothstein [États-Unis] ; Lakhbir Sandhu [Canada] ; Pasqualina L. Santaguida [Canada] ; Holger J. Schünemann [Canada] ; Beverly Shea [Canada] ; Ian Shrier [Canada] ; Peter Tugwell [Canada] ; Lucy Turner [Canada] ; Jeffrey C. Valentine [États-Unis] ; Hugh Waddington [Royaume-Uni] ; Elizabeth Waters [Australie] ; George A. Wells [Canada] ; Penny F. Whiting [Royaume-Uni] ; Julian Pt Higgins [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- BMJ (Clinical research ed.) [ 1756-1833 ] ; 2016.
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PubMed: 27733354
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions.</title><author><name sortKey="Sterne, Jonathan Ac" sort="Sterne, Jonathan Ac" uniqKey="Sterne J" first="Jonathan Ac" last="Sterne">Jonathan Ac Sterne</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK jonathan.sterne@bristol.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hernan, Miguel A" sort="Hernan, Miguel A" uniqKey="Hernan M" first="Miguel A" last="Hernán">Miguel A. Hernán</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reeves, Barnaby C" sort="Reeves, Barnaby C" uniqKey="Reeves B" first="Barnaby C" last="Reeves">Barnaby C. Reeves</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Savovi, Jelena" sort="Savovi, Jelena" uniqKey="Savovi J" first="Jelena" last="Savovi">Jelena Savovi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berkman, Nancy D" sort="Berkman, Nancy D" uniqKey="Berkman N" first="Nancy D" last="Berkman">Nancy D. 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Altman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansari, Mohammed T" sort="Ansari, Mohammed T" uniqKey="Ansari M" first="Mohammed T" last="Ansari">Mohammed T. Ansari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boutron, Isabelle" sort="Boutron, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boutron I" first="Isabelle" last="Boutron">Isabelle Boutron</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpenter, James R" sort="Carpenter, James R" uniqKey="Carpenter J" first="James R" last="Carpenter">James R. Carpenter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, An Wen" sort="Chan, An Wen" uniqKey="Chan A" first="An-Wen" last="Chan">An-Wen Chan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Churchill, Rachel" sort="Churchill, Rachel" uniqKey="Churchill R" first="Rachel" last="Churchill">Rachel Churchill</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deeks, Jonathan J" sort="Deeks, Jonathan J" uniqKey="Deeks J" first="Jonathan J" last="Deeks">Jonathan J. Deeks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hr Bjartsson, Asbj Rn" sort="Hr Bjartsson, Asbj Rn" uniqKey="Hr Bjartsson A" first="Asbj Rn" last="Hr Bjartsson">Asbj Rn Hr Bjartsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirkham, Jamie" sort="Kirkham, Jamie" uniqKey="Kirkham J" first="Jamie" last="Kirkham">Jamie Kirkham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Juni, Peter" sort="Juni, Peter" uniqKey="Juni P" first="Peter" last="Jüni">Peter Jüni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loke, Yoon K" sort="Loke, Yoon K" uniqKey="Loke Y" first="Yoon K" last="Loke">Yoon K. Loke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pigott, Theresa D" sort="Pigott, Theresa D" uniqKey="Pigott T" first="Theresa D" last="Pigott">Theresa D. Pigott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramsay, Craig R" sort="Ramsay, Craig R" uniqKey="Ramsay C" first="Craig R" last="Ramsay">Craig R. Ramsay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Regidor, Deborah" sort="Regidor, Deborah" uniqKey="Regidor D" first="Deborah" last="Regidor">Deborah Regidor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rothstein, Hannah R" sort="Rothstein, Hannah R" uniqKey="Rothstein H" first="Hannah R" last="Rothstein">Hannah R. Rothstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College-CUNY, New York, NY 10010, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College-CUNY, New York, NY 10010</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandhu, Lakhbir" sort="Sandhu, Lakhbir" uniqKey="Sandhu L" first="Lakhbir" last="Sandhu">Lakhbir Sandhu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Santaguida, Pasqualina L" sort="Santaguida, Pasqualina L" uniqKey="Santaguida P" first="Pasqualina L" last="Santaguida">Pasqualina L. Santaguida</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schunemann, Holger J" sort="Schunemann, Holger J" uniqKey="Schunemann H" first="Holger J" last="Schünemann">Holger J. Schünemann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shea, Beverly" sort="Shea, Beverly" uniqKey="Shea B" first="Beverly" last="Shea">Beverly Shea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shrier, Ian" sort="Shrier, Ian" uniqKey="Shrier I" first="Ian" last="Shrier">Ian Shrier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tugwell, Peter" sort="Tugwell, Peter" uniqKey="Tugwell P" first="Peter" last="Tugwell">Peter Tugwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, Lucy" sort="Turner, Lucy" uniqKey="Turner L" first="Lucy" last="Turner">Lucy Turner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valentine, Jeffrey C" sort="Valentine, Jeffrey C" uniqKey="Valentine J" first="Jeffrey C" last="Valentine">Jeffrey C. Valentine</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waddington, Hugh" sort="Waddington, Hugh" uniqKey="Waddington H" first="Hugh" last="Waddington">Hugh Waddington</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waters, Elizabeth" sort="Waters, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Waters E" first="Elizabeth" last="Waters">Elizabeth Waters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wells, George A" sort="Wells, George A" uniqKey="Wells G" first="George A" last="Wells">George A. Wells</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Whiting, Penny F" sort="Whiting, Penny F" uniqKey="Whiting P" first="Penny F" last="Whiting">Penny F. Whiting</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Higgins, Julian Pt" sort="Higgins, Julian Pt" uniqKey="Higgins J" first="Julian Pt" last="Higgins">Julian Pt Higgins</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27733354</idno><idno type="pmid">27733354</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001797</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001797</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001774</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001774</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions.</title><author><name sortKey="Sterne, Jonathan Ac" sort="Sterne, Jonathan Ac" uniqKey="Sterne J" first="Jonathan Ac" last="Sterne">Jonathan Ac Sterne</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK jonathan.sterne@bristol.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hernan, Miguel A" sort="Hernan, Miguel A" uniqKey="Hernan M" first="Miguel A" last="Hernán">Miguel A. Hernán</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reeves, Barnaby C" sort="Reeves, Barnaby C" uniqKey="Reeves B" first="Barnaby C" last="Reeves">Barnaby C. Reeves</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Savovi, Jelena" sort="Savovi, Jelena" uniqKey="Savovi J" first="Jelena" last="Savovi">Jelena Savovi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berkman, Nancy D" sort="Berkman, Nancy D" uniqKey="Berkman N" first="Nancy D" last="Berkman">Nancy D. Berkman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Program on Health Care Quality and Outcomes, Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Program on Health Care Quality and Outcomes, Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Viswanathan, Meera" sort="Viswanathan, Meera" uniqKey="Viswanathan M" first="Meera" last="Viswanathan">Meera Viswanathan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>RTI-UNC Evidence-based Practice Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>RTI-UNC Evidence-based Practice Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henry, David" sort="Henry, David" uniqKey="Henry D" first="David" last="Henry">David Henry</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Altman, Douglas G" sort="Altman, Douglas G" uniqKey="Altman D" first="Douglas G" last="Altman">Douglas G. Altman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ansari, Mohammed T" sort="Ansari, Mohammed T" uniqKey="Ansari M" first="Mohammed T" last="Ansari">Mohammed T. Ansari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boutron, Isabelle" sort="Boutron, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boutron I" first="Isabelle" last="Boutron">Isabelle Boutron</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpenter, James R" sort="Carpenter, James R" uniqKey="Carpenter J" first="James R" last="Carpenter">James R. Carpenter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, An Wen" sort="Chan, An Wen" uniqKey="Chan A" first="An-Wen" last="Chan">An-Wen Chan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Churchill, Rachel" sort="Churchill, Rachel" uniqKey="Churchill R" first="Rachel" last="Churchill">Rachel Churchill</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deeks, Jonathan J" sort="Deeks, Jonathan J" uniqKey="Deeks J" first="Jonathan J" last="Deeks">Jonathan J. Deeks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hr Bjartsson, Asbj Rn" sort="Hr Bjartsson, Asbj Rn" uniqKey="Hr Bjartsson A" first="Asbj Rn" last="Hr Bjartsson">Asbj Rn Hr Bjartsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirkham, Jamie" sort="Kirkham, Jamie" uniqKey="Kirkham J" first="Jamie" last="Kirkham">Jamie Kirkham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Juni, Peter" sort="Juni, Peter" uniqKey="Juni P" first="Peter" last="Jüni">Peter Jüni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loke, Yoon K" sort="Loke, Yoon K" uniqKey="Loke Y" first="Yoon K" last="Loke">Yoon K. Loke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pigott, Theresa D" sort="Pigott, Theresa D" uniqKey="Pigott T" first="Theresa D" last="Pigott">Theresa D. Pigott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramsay, Craig R" sort="Ramsay, Craig R" uniqKey="Ramsay C" first="Craig R" last="Ramsay">Craig R. Ramsay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Regidor, Deborah" sort="Regidor, Deborah" uniqKey="Regidor D" first="Deborah" last="Regidor">Deborah Regidor</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rothstein, Hannah R" sort="Rothstein, Hannah R" uniqKey="Rothstein H" first="Hannah R" last="Rothstein">Hannah R. Rothstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College-CUNY, New York, NY 10010, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College-CUNY, New York, NY 10010</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sandhu, Lakhbir" sort="Sandhu, Lakhbir" uniqKey="Sandhu L" first="Lakhbir" last="Sandhu">Lakhbir Sandhu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Santaguida, Pasqualina L" sort="Santaguida, Pasqualina L" uniqKey="Santaguida P" first="Pasqualina L" last="Santaguida">Pasqualina L. Santaguida</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schunemann, Holger J" sort="Schunemann, Holger J" uniqKey="Schunemann H" first="Holger J" last="Schünemann">Holger J. Schünemann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shea, Beverly" sort="Shea, Beverly" uniqKey="Shea B" first="Beverly" last="Shea">Beverly Shea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shrier, Ian" sort="Shrier, Ian" uniqKey="Shrier I" first="Ian" last="Shrier">Ian Shrier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tugwell, Peter" sort="Tugwell, Peter" uniqKey="Tugwell P" first="Peter" last="Tugwell">Peter Tugwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, Lucy" sort="Turner, Lucy" uniqKey="Turner L" first="Lucy" last="Turner">Lucy Turner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valentine, Jeffrey C" sort="Valentine, Jeffrey C" uniqKey="Valentine J" first="Jeffrey C" last="Valentine">Jeffrey C. Valentine</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waddington, Hugh" sort="Waddington, Hugh" uniqKey="Waddington H" first="Hugh" last="Waddington">Hugh Waddington</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waters, Elizabeth" sort="Waters, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Waters E" first="Elizabeth" last="Waters">Elizabeth Waters</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wells, George A" sort="Wells, George A" uniqKey="Wells G" first="George A" last="Wells">George A. Wells</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Whiting, Penny F" sort="Whiting, Penny F" uniqKey="Whiting P" first="Penny F" last="Whiting">Penny F. Whiting</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Higgins, Julian Pt" sort="Higgins, Julian Pt" uniqKey="Higgins J" first="Julian Pt" last="Higgins">Julian Pt Higgins</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMJ (Clinical research ed.)</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-1833</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Bias (Epidemiology)</term><term>Clinical Trials as Topic</term><term>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Observational Studies as Topic</term><term>Pilot Projects</term><term>Risk</term><term>Statistics as Topic (instrumentation)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Biais (épidémiologie)</term><term>Essais cliniques comme sujet</term><term>Facteurs de confusion (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Projets pilotes</term><term>Risque</term><term>Statistiques comme sujet (instrumentation)</term><term>Étude d'observation comme sujet</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="instrumentation" xml:lang="en"><term>Statistics as Topic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Bias (Epidemiology)</term><term>Clinical Trials as Topic</term><term>Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Observational Studies as Topic</term><term>Pilot Projects</term><term>Risk</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="instrumentation" xml:lang="fr"><term>Biais (épidémiologie)</term><term>Essais cliniques comme sujet</term><term>Facteurs de confusion (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Projets pilotes</term><term>Risque</term><term>Statistiques comme sujet</term><term>Étude d'observation comme sujet</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27733354</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>20</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1756-1833</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>355</Volume><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Oct</Month><Day>12</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>BMJ (Clinical research ed.)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>BMJ</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>i4919</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1136/bmj.i4919</ELocationID><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sterne</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan Ac</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK jonathan.sterne@bristol.ac.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hernán</LastName><ForeName>Miguel A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Reeves</LastName><ForeName>Barnaby C</ForeName><Initials>BC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Savović</LastName><ForeName>Jelena</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Berkman</LastName><ForeName>Nancy D</ForeName><Initials>ND</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Program on Health Care Quality and Outcomes, Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Viswanathan</LastName><ForeName>Meera</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RTI-UNC Evidence-based Practice Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Henry</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Altman</LastName><ForeName>Douglas G</ForeName><Initials>DG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ansari</LastName><ForeName>Mohammed T</ForeName><Initials>MT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boutron</LastName><ForeName>Isabelle</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carpenter</LastName><ForeName>James R</ForeName><Initials>JR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chan</LastName><ForeName>An-Wen</ForeName><Initials>AW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Churchill</LastName><ForeName>Rachel</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deeks</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hróbjartsson</LastName><ForeName>Asbjørn</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kirkham</LastName><ForeName>Jamie</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jüni</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Loke</LastName><ForeName>Yoon K</ForeName><Initials>YK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pigott</LastName><ForeName>Theresa D</ForeName><Initials>TD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ramsay</LastName><ForeName>Craig R</ForeName><Initials>CR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Regidor</LastName><ForeName>Deborah</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rothstein</LastName><ForeName>Hannah R</ForeName><Initials>HR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College-CUNY, New York, NY 10010, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sandhu</LastName><ForeName>Lakhbir</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Santaguida</LastName><ForeName>Pasqualina L</ForeName><Initials>PL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schünemann</LastName><ForeName>Holger J</ForeName><Initials>HJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shea</LastName><ForeName>Beverly</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shrier</LastName><ForeName>Ian</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tugwell</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Turner</LastName><ForeName>Lucy</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Valentine</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waddington</LastName><ForeName>Hugh</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Waters</LastName><ForeName>Elizabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wells</LastName><ForeName>George A</ForeName><Initials>GA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Whiting</LastName><ForeName>Penny F</ForeName><Initials>PF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Higgins</LastName><ForeName>Julian Pt</ForeName><Initials>JP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>P01 CA134294</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>12</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>BMJ</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8900488</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0959-535X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>AIM</CitationSubset><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998 Jun;52(6):377-84</RefSource><PMID 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Nov;19(6):766-79</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18854702</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Intern Med. 2009 Aug 4;151(3):203-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19567618</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>BMJ. 2011 Oct 18;343:d5928</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22008217</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>JAMA. 2007 Feb 28;297(8):842-57</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17327526</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Intern Med. 1983 Oct;99(4):544-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6625387</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015982" MajorTopicYN="Y">Bias (Epidemiology)</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002986" MajorTopicYN="Y">Clinical Trials as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015986" MajorTopicYN="N">Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064887" MajorTopicYN="Y">Observational Studies as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010865" MajorTopicYN="N">Pilot Projects</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012306" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013223" MajorTopicYN="N">Statistics as Topic</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000295" MajorTopicYN="Y">instrumentation</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: grants from Cochrane, MRC, and NIHR during the conduct of the study. Dr Carpenter reports personal fees from Pfizer, grants and non-financial support from GSK and grants from Novartis, outside the submitted work. Dr Reeves is a co-convenor of the Cochrane Non-Randomised Studies Methods Group. The authors report no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27733354</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5062054</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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