Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences.
Identifieur interne : 001B50 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001B49; suivant : 001B51Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences.
Auteurs : Serena Nik-Zainal [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen Davies [Royaume-Uni] ; Johan Staaf [Suède] ; Manasa Ramakrishna [Royaume-Uni] ; Dominik Glodzik [Royaume-Uni] ; Xueqing Zou [Royaume-Uni] ; Inigo Martincorena [Royaume-Uni] ; Ludmil B. Alexandrov [Royaume-Uni] ; Sancha Martin [Royaume-Uni] ; David C. Wedge [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Van Loo [Royaume-Uni] ; Young Seok Ju [Royaume-Uni] ; Marcel Smid [Pays-Bas] ; Arie B. Brinkman [Pays-Bas] ; Sandro Morganella [Royaume-Uni] ; Miriam R. Aure [Norvège] ; Ole Christian Lingj Rde [Norvège] ; Anita Langer D [Norvège] ; Markus Ringnér [Suède] ; Sung-Min Ahn [Corée du Sud] ; Sandrine Boyault [France] ; Jane E. Brock [États-Unis] ; Annegien Broeks [Pays-Bas] ; Adam Butler [Royaume-Uni] ; Christine Desmedt [Belgique] ; Luc Dirix [Belgique] ; Serge Dronov [Royaume-Uni] ; Aquila Fatima [États-Unis] ; John A. Foekens [Pays-Bas] ; Moritz Gerstung [Royaume-Uni] ; Gerrit K J. Hooijer [Pays-Bas] ; Se Jin Jang [Corée du Sud] ; David R. Jones [Royaume-Uni] ; Hyung-Yong Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Tari A. King [États-Unis] ; Savitri Krishnamurthy [États-Unis] ; Hee Jin Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Jeong-Yeon Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Yilong Li [Royaume-Uni] ; Stuart Mclaren [Royaume-Uni] ; Andrew Menzies [Royaume-Uni] ; Ville Mustonen [Royaume-Uni] ; Sarah O'Meara [Royaume-Uni] ; Iris Pauporté [France] ; Xavier Pivot [France] ; Colin A. Purdie [Royaume-Uni] ; Keiran Raine [Royaume-Uni] ; Kamna Ramakrishnan [Royaume-Uni] ; F Germán Rodríguez-González [Pays-Bas] ; Gilles Romieu [France] ; Anieta M. Sieuwerts [Pays-Bas] ; Peter T. Simpson [Australie] ; Rebecca Shepherd [Royaume-Uni] ; Lucy Stebbings [Royaume-Uni] ; Olafur A. Stefansson [Islande] ; Jon Teague [Royaume-Uni] ; Stefania Tommasi [Italie] ; Isabelle Treilleux [France] ; Gert G. Van Den Eynden [Belgique] ; Peter Vermeulen [Belgique] ; Anne Vincent-Salomon [France] ; Lucy Yates [Royaume-Uni] ; Carlos Caldas [Royaume-Uni] ; Laura Van'T Veer [Pays-Bas] ; Andrew Tutt [Royaume-Uni] ; Stian Knappskog [Norvège] ; Benita Kiat Tee Tan [Singapour] ; Jos Jonkers [Pays-Bas] ; Ke Borg [Suède] ; Naoto T. Ueno [États-Unis] ; Christos Sotiriou [Belgique] ; Alain Viari [France] ; P Andrew Futreal [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter J. Campbell [Royaume-Uni] ; Paul N. Span [Pays-Bas] ; Steven Van Laere [Belgique] ; Sunil R. Lakhani [Australie] ; Jorunn E. Eyfjord [Islande] ; Alastair M. Thompson [Royaume-Uni] ; Ewan Birney [Royaume-Uni] ; Hendrik G. Stunnenberg [Pays-Bas] ; Marc J. Van De Vijver [Pays-Bas] ; John W M. Martens [Pays-Bas] ; Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale [Norvège] ; Andrea L. Richardson [États-Unis] ; Gu Kong [Corée du Sud] ; Gilles Thomas [France] ; Michael R. Stratton [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Nature [ 1476-4687 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ADN tumoral (génétique), Analyse de mutations d'ADN, Femelle, Gène BRCA1, Gène BRCA2, Génome humain (génétique), Génomique, Humains, Mutagenèse, Mutation (génétique), Mâle, Oncogènes (génétique), Réparation de l'ADN par recombinaison (génétique), Réplication de l'ADN (génétique), Taux de mutation, Tumeurs du sein (génétique), Études de cohortes.
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Breast Neoplasms (genetics), Cohort Studies, DNA Mutational Analysis, DNA Replication (genetics), DNA, Neoplasm (genetics), Female, Genes, BRCA1, Genes, BRCA2, Genome, Human (genetics), Genomics, Humans, Male, Mutagenesis, Mutation (genetics), Mutation Rate, Oncogenes (genetics), Recombinational DNA Repair (genetics).
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Neoplasm.
- genetics : Breast Neoplasms, DNA Replication, Genome, Human, Mutation, Oncogenes, Recombinational DNA Repair.
- Cohort Studies, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Genes, BRCA1, Genes, BRCA2, Genomics, Humans, Male, Mutagenesis, Mutation Rate.
Abstract
We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. We found that 93 protein-coding cancer genes carried probable driver mutations. Some non-coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies, but most have distinctive structural features probably causing elevated mutation rates and do not contain driver mutations. Mutational signature analysis was extended to genome rearrangements and revealed twelve base substitution and six rearrangement signatures. Three rearrangement signatures, characterized by tandem duplications or deletions, appear associated with defective homologous-recombination-based DNA repair: one with deficient BRCA1 function, another with deficient BRCA1 or BRCA2 function, the cause of the third is unknown. This analysis of all classes of somatic mutation across exons, introns and intergenic regions highlights the repertoire of cancer genes and mutational processes operating, and progresses towards a comprehensive account of the somatic genetic basis of breast cancer.
DOI: 10.1038/nature17676
PubMed: 27135926
Affiliations:
- Australie, Belgique, Corée du Sud, France, Islande, Italie, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Singapour, Suède, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Gueldre, Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative), Province d'Anvers, Région capitale de Séoul, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Région flamande, Østlandet
- Anvers, Bruxelles, Cambridge, Montpellier, Nimègue, Oslo, Séoul
- Université d'Anvers, Université de Cambridge, Université libre de Bruxelles
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:27135926Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Ramakrishna, Manasa" sort="Ramakrishna, Manasa" uniqKey="Ramakrishna M" first="Manasa" last="Ramakrishna">Manasa Ramakrishna</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zou, Xueqing" sort="Zou, Xueqing" uniqKey="Zou X" first="Xueqing" last="Zou">Xueqing Zou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Martincorena, Inigo" sort="Martincorena, Inigo" uniqKey="Martincorena I" first="Inigo" last="Martincorena">Inigo Martincorena</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B" last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Martin, Sancha" sort="Martin, Sancha" uniqKey="Martin S" first="Sancha" last="Martin">Sancha Martin</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wedge, David C" sort="Wedge, David C" uniqKey="Wedge D" first="David C" last="Wedge">David C. Wedge</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Van Loo, Peter" sort="Van Loo, Peter" uniqKey="Van Loo P" first="Peter" last="Van Loo">Peter Van Loo</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ju, Young Seok" sort="Ju, Young Seok" uniqKey="Ju Y" first="Young Seok" last="Ju">Young Seok Ju</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Smid, Marcel" sort="Smid, Marcel" uniqKey="Smid M" first="Marcel" last="Smid">Marcel Smid</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Brinkman, Arie B" sort="Brinkman, Arie B" uniqKey="Brinkman A" first="Arie B" last="Brinkman">Arie B. Brinkman</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Aure, Miriam R" sort="Aure, Miriam R" uniqKey="Aure M" first="Miriam R" last="Aure">Miriam R. Aure</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Lingj Rde, Ole Christian" sort="Lingj Rde, Ole Christian" uniqKey="Lingj Rde O" first="Ole Christian" last="Lingj Rde">Ole Christian Lingj Rde</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>K. G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Langer D, Anita" sort="Langer D, Anita" uniqKey="Langer D A" first="Anita" last="Langer D">Anita Langer D</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Østlandet</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Ringner, Markus" sort="Ringner, Markus" uniqKey="Ringner M" first="Markus" last="Ringnér">Markus Ringnér</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Ahn, Sung Min" sort="Ahn, Sung Min" uniqKey="Ahn S" first="Sung-Min" last="Ahn">Sung-Min Ahn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Boyault, Sandrine" sort="Boyault, Sandrine" uniqKey="Boyault S" first="Sandrine" last="Boyault">Sandrine Boyault</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Research Lab, Centre Léon Bérard, 28, rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Research Lab, Centre Léon Bérard, 28, rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>69373 Lyon Cedex 08</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Brock, Jane E" sort="Brock, Jane E" uniqKey="Brock J" first="Jane E" last="Brock">Jane E. Brock</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02115</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Broeks, Annegien" sort="Broeks, Annegien" uniqKey="Broeks A" first="Annegien" last="Broeks">Annegien Broeks</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, Adam" sort="Butler, Adam" uniqKey="Butler A" first="Adam" last="Butler">Adam Butler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Desmedt, Christine" sort="Desmedt, Christine" uniqKey="Desmedt C" first="Christine" last="Desmedt">Christine Desmedt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université libre de Bruxelles</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dirix, Luc" sort="Dirix, Luc" uniqKey="Dirix L" first="Luc" last="Dirix">Luc Dirix</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dronov, Serge" sort="Dronov, Serge" uniqKey="Dronov S" first="Serge" last="Dronov">Serge Dronov</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fatima, Aquila" sort="Fatima, Aquila" uniqKey="Fatima A" first="Aquila" last="Fatima">Aquila Fatima</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02215</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Foekens, John A" sort="Foekens, John A" uniqKey="Foekens J" first="John A" last="Foekens">John A. Foekens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerstung, Moritz" sort="Gerstung, Moritz" uniqKey="Gerstung M" first="Moritz" last="Gerstung">Moritz Gerstung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hooijer, Gerrit K J" sort="Hooijer, Gerrit K J" uniqKey="Hooijer G" first="Gerrit K J" last="Hooijer">Gerrit K J. Hooijer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jang, Se Jin" sort="Jang, Se Jin" uniqKey="Jang S" first="Se Jin" last="Jang">Se Jin Jang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ulsan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jones, David R" sort="Jones, David R" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David R" last="Jones">David R. Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Hyung Yong" sort="Kim, Hyung Yong" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyung-Yong" last="Kim">Hyung-Yong Kim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="King, Tari A" sort="King, Tari A" uniqKey="King T" first="Tari A" last="King">Tari A. King</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>New York 10065</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krishnamurthy, Savitri" sort="Krishnamurthy, Savitri" uniqKey="Krishnamurthy S" first="Savitri" last="Krishnamurthy">Savitri Krishnamurthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Texas 77030</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Hee Jin" sort="Lee, Hee Jin" uniqKey="Lee H" first="Hee Jin" last="Lee">Hee Jin Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ulsan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Jeong Yeon" sort="Lee, Jeong Yeon" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jeong-Yeon" last="Lee">Jeong-Yeon Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yilong" sort="Li, Yilong" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yilong" last="Li">Yilong Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mclaren, Stuart" sort="Mclaren, Stuart" uniqKey="Mclaren S" first="Stuart" last="Mclaren">Stuart Mclaren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Menzies, Andrew" sort="Menzies, Andrew" uniqKey="Menzies A" first="Andrew" last="Menzies">Andrew Menzies</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mustonen, Ville" sort="Mustonen, Ville" uniqKey="Mustonen V" first="Ville" last="Mustonen">Ville Mustonen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Meara, Sarah" sort="O Meara, Sarah" uniqKey="O Meara S" first="Sarah" last="O'Meara">Sarah O'Meara</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pauporte, Iris" sort="Pauporte, Iris" uniqKey="Pauporte I" first="Iris" last="Pauporté">Iris Pauporté</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National du Cancer, Research Division, Clinical Research Department, 52 avenue Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National du Cancer, Research Division, Clinical Research Department, 52 avenue Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pivot, Xavier" sort="Pivot, Xavier" uniqKey="Pivot X" first="Xavier" last="Pivot">Xavier Pivot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital of Minjoz, INSERM UMR 1098, Bd Fleming, Besançon 25000, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University Hospital of Minjoz, INSERM UMR 1098, Bd Fleming, Besançon 25000</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>25000</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>25000</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Purdie, Colin A" sort="Purdie, Colin A" uniqKey="Purdie C" first="Colin A" last="Purdie">Colin A. Purdie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raine, Keiran" sort="Raine, Keiran" uniqKey="Raine K" first="Keiran" last="Raine">Keiran Raine</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramakrishnan, Kamna" sort="Ramakrishnan, Kamna" uniqKey="Ramakrishnan K" first="Kamna" last="Ramakrishnan">Kamna Ramakrishnan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Gonzalez, F German" sort="Rodriguez Gonzalez, F German" uniqKey="Rodriguez Gonzalez F" first="F Germán" last="Rodríguez-González">F Germán Rodríguez-González</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Romieu, Gilles" sort="Romieu, Gilles" uniqKey="Romieu G" first="Gilles" last="Romieu">Gilles Romieu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Oncologie Sénologie, ICM Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oncologie Sénologie, ICM Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region>
<region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region>
<settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" sort="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" uniqKey="Sieuwerts A" first="Anieta M" last="Sieuwerts">Anieta M. Sieuwerts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simpson, Peter T" sort="Simpson, Peter T" uniqKey="Simpson P" first="Peter T" last="Simpson">Peter T. Simpson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland 4029</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shepherd, Rebecca" sort="Shepherd, Rebecca" uniqKey="Shepherd R" first="Rebecca" last="Shepherd">Rebecca Shepherd</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stebbings, Lucy" sort="Stebbings, Lucy" uniqKey="Stebbings L" first="Lucy" last="Stebbings">Lucy Stebbings</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Olafur A" sort="Stefansson, Olafur A" uniqKey="Stefansson O" first="Olafur A" last="Stefansson">Olafur A. Stefansson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>101 Reykjavik</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Teague, Jon" sort="Teague, Jon" uniqKey="Teague J" first="Jon" last="Teague">Jon Teague</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tommasi, Stefania" sort="Tommasi, Stefania" uniqKey="Tommasi S" first="Stefania" last="Tommasi">Stefania Tommasi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Treilleux, Isabelle" sort="Treilleux, Isabelle" uniqKey="Treilleux I" first="Isabelle" last="Treilleux">Isabelle Treilleux</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cédex 08, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Den Eynden, Gert G" sort="Van Den Eynden, Gert G" uniqKey="Van Den Eynden G" first="Gert G" last="Van Den Eynden">Gert G. Van Den Eynden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vermeulen, Peter" sort="Vermeulen, Peter" uniqKey="Vermeulen P" first="Peter" last="Vermeulen">Peter Vermeulen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vincent Salomon, Anne" sort="Vincent Salomon, Anne" uniqKey="Vincent Salomon A" first="Anne" last="Vincent-Salomon">Anne Vincent-Salomon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yates, Lucy" sort="Yates, Lucy" uniqKey="Yates L" first="Lucy" last="Yates">Lucy Yates</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caldas, Carlos" sort="Caldas, Carlos" uniqKey="Caldas C" first="Carlos" last="Caldas">Carlos Caldas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van T Veer, Laura" sort="Van T Veer, Laura" uniqKey="Van T Veer L" first="Laura" last="Van'T Veer">Laura Van'T Veer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tutt, Andrew" sort="Tutt, Andrew" uniqKey="Tutt A" first="Andrew" last="Tutt">Andrew Tutt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London SE1 9RT</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>London SE1 9RT</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Knappskog, Stian" sort="Knappskog, Stian" uniqKey="Knappskog S" first="Stian" last="Knappskog">Stian Knappskog</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>5020 Bergen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tan, Benita Kiat Tee" sort="Tan, Benita Kiat Tee" uniqKey="Tan B" first="Benita Kiat Tee" last="Tan">Benita Kiat Tee Tan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>169610</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jonkers, Jos" sort="Jonkers, Jos" uniqKey="Jonkers J" first="Jos" last="Jonkers">Jos Jonkers</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borg, Ke" sort="Borg, Ke" uniqKey="Borg " first=" Ke" last="Borg"> Ke Borg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lund SE-223 81</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ueno, Naoto T" sort="Ueno, Naoto T" uniqKey="Ueno N" first="Naoto T" last="Ueno">Naoto T. Ueno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Texas 77030</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sotiriou, Christos" sort="Sotiriou, Christos" uniqKey="Sotiriou C" first="Christos" last="Sotiriou">Christos Sotiriou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université libre de Bruxelles</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement>
<region type="region" nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Viari, Alain" sort="Viari, Alain" uniqKey="Viari A" first="Alain" last="Viari">Alain Viari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Avenue de l'Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Avenue de l'Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Futreal, P Andrew" sort="Futreal, P Andrew" uniqKey="Futreal P" first="P Andrew" last="Futreal">P Andrew Futreal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campbell, Peter J" sort="Campbell, Peter J" uniqKey="Campbell P" first="Peter J" last="Campbell">Peter J. Campbell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R" last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" sort="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" uniqKey="Eyfjord J" first="Jorunn E" last="Eyfjord">Jorunn E. Eyfjord</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M" last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Birney, Ewan" sort="Birney, Ewan" uniqKey="Birney E" first="Ewan" last="Birney">Ewan Birney</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" sort="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" uniqKey="Stunnenberg H" first="Hendrik G" last="Stunnenberg">Hendrik G. Stunnenberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement>
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<author><name sortKey="Van De Vijver, Marc J" sort="Van De Vijver, Marc J" uniqKey="Van De Vijver M" first="Marc J" last="Van De Vijver">Marc J. Van De Vijver</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martens, John W M" sort="Martens, John W M" uniqKey="Martens J" first="John W M" last="Martens">John W M. Martens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L" last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Thomas, Gilles" sort="Thomas, Gilles" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gilles" last="Thomas">Gilles Thomas</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Stratton, Michael R" sort="Stratton, Michael R" uniqKey="Stratton M" first="Michael R" last="Stratton">Michael R. Stratton</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, Serena" sort="Nik Zainal, Serena" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S" first="Serena" last="Nik-Zainal">Serena Nik-Zainal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Davies, Helen" sort="Davies, Helen" uniqKey="Davies H" first="Helen" last="Davies">Helen Davies</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Staaf, Johan" sort="Staaf, Johan" uniqKey="Staaf J" first="Johan" last="Staaf">Johan Staaf</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramakrishna, Manasa" sort="Ramakrishna, Manasa" uniqKey="Ramakrishna M" first="Manasa" last="Ramakrishna">Manasa Ramakrishna</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glodzik, Dominik" sort="Glodzik, Dominik" uniqKey="Glodzik D" first="Dominik" last="Glodzik">Dominik Glodzik</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zou, Xueqing" sort="Zou, Xueqing" uniqKey="Zou X" first="Xueqing" last="Zou">Xueqing Zou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martincorena, Inigo" sort="Martincorena, Inigo" uniqKey="Martincorena I" first="Inigo" last="Martincorena">Inigo Martincorena</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B" last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martin, Sancha" sort="Martin, Sancha" uniqKey="Martin S" first="Sancha" last="Martin">Sancha Martin</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wedge, David C" sort="Wedge, David C" uniqKey="Wedge D" first="David C" last="Wedge">David C. Wedge</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Van Loo, Peter" sort="Van Loo, Peter" uniqKey="Van Loo P" first="Peter" last="Van Loo">Peter Van Loo</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ju, Young Seok" sort="Ju, Young Seok" uniqKey="Ju Y" first="Young Seok" last="Ju">Young Seok Ju</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smid, Marcel" sort="Smid, Marcel" uniqKey="Smid M" first="Marcel" last="Smid">Marcel Smid</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brinkman, Arie B" sort="Brinkman, Arie B" uniqKey="Brinkman A" first="Arie B" last="Brinkman">Arie B. Brinkman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement>
<region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Morganella, Sandro" sort="Morganella, Sandro" uniqKey="Morganella S" first="Sandro" last="Morganella">Sandro Morganella</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aure, Miriam R" sort="Aure, Miriam R" uniqKey="Aure M" first="Miriam R" last="Aure">Miriam R. Aure</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Østlandet</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lingj Rde, Ole Christian" sort="Lingj Rde, Ole Christian" uniqKey="Lingj Rde O" first="Ole Christian" last="Lingj Rde">Ole Christian Lingj Rde</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>K. G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Langer D, Anita" sort="Langer D, Anita" uniqKey="Langer D A" first="Anita" last="Langer D">Anita Langer D</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ringner, Markus" sort="Ringner, Markus" uniqKey="Ringner M" first="Markus" last="Ringnér">Markus Ringnér</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ahn, Sung Min" sort="Ahn, Sung Min" uniqKey="Ahn S" first="Sung-Min" last="Ahn">Sung-Min Ahn</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boyault, Sandrine" sort="Boyault, Sandrine" uniqKey="Boyault S" first="Sandrine" last="Boyault">Sandrine Boyault</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brock, Jane E" sort="Brock, Jane E" uniqKey="Brock J" first="Jane E" last="Brock">Jane E. Brock</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Broeks, Annegien" sort="Broeks, Annegien" uniqKey="Broeks A" first="Annegien" last="Broeks">Annegien Broeks</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, Adam" sort="Butler, Adam" uniqKey="Butler A" first="Adam" last="Butler">Adam Butler</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Desmedt, Christine" sort="Desmedt, Christine" uniqKey="Desmedt C" first="Christine" last="Desmedt">Christine Desmedt</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dirix, Luc" sort="Dirix, Luc" uniqKey="Dirix L" first="Luc" last="Dirix">Luc Dirix</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dronov, Serge" sort="Dronov, Serge" uniqKey="Dronov S" first="Serge" last="Dronov">Serge Dronov</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fatima, Aquila" sort="Fatima, Aquila" uniqKey="Fatima A" first="Aquila" last="Fatima">Aquila Fatima</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02215</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Foekens, John A" sort="Foekens, John A" uniqKey="Foekens J" first="John A" last="Foekens">John A. Foekens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gerstung, Moritz" sort="Gerstung, Moritz" uniqKey="Gerstung M" first="Moritz" last="Gerstung">Moritz Gerstung</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hooijer, Gerrit K J" sort="Hooijer, Gerrit K J" uniqKey="Hooijer G" first="Gerrit K J" last="Hooijer">Gerrit K J. Hooijer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jang, Se Jin" sort="Jang, Se Jin" uniqKey="Jang S" first="Se Jin" last="Jang">Se Jin Jang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ulsan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jones, David R" sort="Jones, David R" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David R" last="Jones">David R. Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kim, Hyung Yong" sort="Kim, Hyung Yong" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyung-Yong" last="Kim">Hyung-Yong Kim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="King, Tari A" sort="King, Tari A" uniqKey="King T" first="Tari A" last="King">Tari A. King</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>New York 10065</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krishnamurthy, Savitri" sort="Krishnamurthy, Savitri" uniqKey="Krishnamurthy S" first="Savitri" last="Krishnamurthy">Savitri Krishnamurthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Texas 77030</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Hee Jin" sort="Lee, Hee Jin" uniqKey="Lee H" first="Hee Jin" last="Lee">Hee Jin Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Ulsan</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ulsan</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Jeong Yeon" sort="Lee, Jeong Yeon" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Jeong-Yeon" last="Lee">Jeong-Yeon Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yilong" sort="Li, Yilong" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yilong" last="Li">Yilong Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mclaren, Stuart" sort="Mclaren, Stuart" uniqKey="Mclaren S" first="Stuart" last="Mclaren">Stuart Mclaren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Menzies, Andrew" sort="Menzies, Andrew" uniqKey="Menzies A" first="Andrew" last="Menzies">Andrew Menzies</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mustonen, Ville" sort="Mustonen, Ville" uniqKey="Mustonen V" first="Ville" last="Mustonen">Ville Mustonen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Meara, Sarah" sort="O Meara, Sarah" uniqKey="O Meara S" first="Sarah" last="O'Meara">Sarah O'Meara</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pauporte, Iris" sort="Pauporte, Iris" uniqKey="Pauporte I" first="Iris" last="Pauporté">Iris Pauporté</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National du Cancer, Research Division, Clinical Research Department, 52 avenue Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National du Cancer, Research Division, Clinical Research Department, 52 avenue Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>92513 Boulogne-Billancourt</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pivot, Xavier" sort="Pivot, Xavier" uniqKey="Pivot X" first="Xavier" last="Pivot">Xavier Pivot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital of Minjoz, INSERM UMR 1098, Bd Fleming, Besançon 25000, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University Hospital of Minjoz, INSERM UMR 1098, Bd Fleming, Besançon 25000</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>25000</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>25000</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Purdie, Colin A" sort="Purdie, Colin A" uniqKey="Purdie C" first="Colin A" last="Purdie">Colin A. Purdie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raine, Keiran" sort="Raine, Keiran" uniqKey="Raine K" first="Keiran" last="Raine">Keiran Raine</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ramakrishnan, Kamna" sort="Ramakrishnan, Kamna" uniqKey="Ramakrishnan K" first="Kamna" last="Ramakrishnan">Kamna Ramakrishnan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Gonzalez, F German" sort="Rodriguez Gonzalez, F German" uniqKey="Rodriguez Gonzalez F" first="F Germán" last="Rodríguez-González">F Germán Rodríguez-González</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Romieu, Gilles" sort="Romieu, Gilles" uniqKey="Romieu G" first="Gilles" last="Romieu">Gilles Romieu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Oncologie Sénologie, ICM Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oncologie Sénologie, ICM Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region>
<region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region>
<settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" sort="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" uniqKey="Sieuwerts A" first="Anieta M" last="Sieuwerts">Anieta M. Sieuwerts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simpson, Peter T" sort="Simpson, Peter T" uniqKey="Simpson P" first="Peter T" last="Simpson">Peter T. Simpson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland 4029</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shepherd, Rebecca" sort="Shepherd, Rebecca" uniqKey="Shepherd R" first="Rebecca" last="Shepherd">Rebecca Shepherd</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stebbings, Lucy" sort="Stebbings, Lucy" uniqKey="Stebbings L" first="Lucy" last="Stebbings">Lucy Stebbings</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stefansson, Olafur A" sort="Stefansson, Olafur A" uniqKey="Stefansson O" first="Olafur A" last="Stefansson">Olafur A. Stefansson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>101 Reykjavik</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Teague, Jon" sort="Teague, Jon" uniqKey="Teague J" first="Jon" last="Teague">Jon Teague</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tommasi, Stefania" sort="Tommasi, Stefania" uniqKey="Tommasi S" first="Stefania" last="Tommasi">Stefania Tommasi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bari</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Treilleux, Isabelle" sort="Treilleux, Isabelle" uniqKey="Treilleux I" first="Isabelle" last="Treilleux">Isabelle Treilleux</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cédex 08, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>69373 Lyon Cédex 08</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Den Eynden, Gert G" sort="Van Den Eynden, Gert G" uniqKey="Van Den Eynden G" first="Gert G" last="Van Den Eynden">Gert G. Van Den Eynden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vermeulen, Peter" sort="Vermeulen, Peter" uniqKey="Vermeulen P" first="Peter" last="Vermeulen">Peter Vermeulen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vincent Salomon, Anne" sort="Vincent Salomon, Anne" uniqKey="Vincent Salomon A" first="Anne" last="Vincent-Salomon">Anne Vincent-Salomon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>75248 Paris Cedex 05</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yates, Lucy" sort="Yates, Lucy" uniqKey="Yates L" first="Lucy" last="Yates">Lucy Yates</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Caldas, Carlos" sort="Caldas, Carlos" uniqKey="Caldas C" first="Carlos" last="Caldas">Carlos Caldas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van T Veer, Laura" sort="Van T Veer, Laura" uniqKey="Van T Veer L" first="Laura" last="Van'T Veer">Laura Van'T Veer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1066 CX Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tutt, Andrew" sort="Tutt, Andrew" uniqKey="Tutt A" first="Andrew" last="Tutt">Andrew Tutt</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London SE1 9RT</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>London SE1 9RT</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Knappskog, Stian" sort="Knappskog, Stian" uniqKey="Knappskog S" first="Stian" last="Knappskog">Stian Knappskog</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>5020 Bergen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tan, Benita Kiat Tee" sort="Tan, Benita Kiat Tee" uniqKey="Tan B" first="Benita Kiat Tee" last="Tan">Benita Kiat Tee Tan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, 169610, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Jonkers, Jos" sort="Jonkers, Jos" uniqKey="Jonkers J" first="Jos" last="Jonkers">Jos Jonkers</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Borg, Ke" sort="Borg, Ke" uniqKey="Borg " first=" Ke" last="Borg"> Ke Borg</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Ueno, Naoto T" sort="Ueno, Naoto T" uniqKey="Ueno N" first="Naoto T" last="Ueno">Naoto T. Ueno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard., Houston, Texas 77030</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Sotiriou, Christos" sort="Sotiriou, Christos" uniqKey="Sotiriou C" first="Christos" last="Sotiriou">Christos Sotiriou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Viari, Alain" sort="Viari, Alain" uniqKey="Viari A" first="Alain" last="Viari">Alain Viari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Avenue de l'Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Avenue de l'Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Futreal, P Andrew" sort="Futreal, P Andrew" uniqKey="Futreal P" first="P Andrew" last="Futreal">P Andrew Futreal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Campbell, Peter J" sort="Campbell, Peter J" uniqKey="Campbell P" first="Peter J" last="Campbell">Peter J. Campbell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Span, Paul N" sort="Span, Paul N" uniqKey="Span P" first="Paul N" last="Span">Paul N. Span</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Laere, Steven" sort="Van Laere, Steven" uniqKey="Van Laere S" first="Steven" last="Van Laere">Steven Van Laere</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement>
<region>Région flamande</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region>
</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R" last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4029</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland 4029</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" sort="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" uniqKey="Eyfjord J" first="Jorunn E" last="Eyfjord">Jorunn E. Eyfjord</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>101 Reykjavik</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M" last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dundee DD1 9SY</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Birney, Ewan" sort="Birney, Ewan" uniqKey="Birney E" first="Ewan" last="Birney">Ewan Birney</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" sort="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" uniqKey="Stunnenberg H" first="Hendrik G" last="Stunnenberg">Hendrik G. Stunnenberg</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement>
<region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region>
</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Van De Vijver, Marc J" sort="Van De Vijver, Marc J" uniqKey="Van De Vijver M" first="Marc J" last="Van De Vijver">Marc J. Van De Vijver</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>1105 AZ Amsterdam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martens, John W M" sort="Martens, John W M" uniqKey="Martens J" first="John W M" last="Martens">John W M. Martens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Rotterdam 3015CN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="B Rresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="B Rresen-Dale">Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Østlandet</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L" last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02115</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement>
<region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region>
</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Thomas, Gilles" sort="Thomas, Gilles" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gilles" last="Thomas">Gilles Thomas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Lyon Cedex 08</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Lyon Cedex 08</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Stratton, Michael R" sort="Stratton, Michael R" uniqKey="Stratton M" first="Michael R" last="Stratton">Michael R. Stratton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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<series><title level="j">Nature</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1476-4687</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date>
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<term>Cohort Studies</term>
<term>DNA Mutational Analysis</term>
<term>DNA Replication (genetics)</term>
<term>DNA, Neoplasm (genetics)</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genes, BRCA1</term>
<term>Genes, BRCA2</term>
<term>Genome, Human (genetics)</term>
<term>Genomics</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Mutagenesis</term>
<term>Mutation (genetics)</term>
<term>Mutation Rate</term>
<term>Oncogenes (genetics)</term>
<term>Recombinational DNA Repair (genetics)</term>
</keywords>
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<term>Analyse de mutations d'ADN</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Gène BRCA1</term>
<term>Gène BRCA2</term>
<term>Génome humain (génétique)</term>
<term>Génomique</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Mutagenèse</term>
<term>Mutation (génétique)</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Oncogènes (génétique)</term>
<term>Réparation de l'ADN par recombinaison (génétique)</term>
<term>Réplication de l'ADN (génétique)</term>
<term>Taux de mutation</term>
<term>Tumeurs du sein (génétique)</term>
<term>Études de cohortes</term>
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<term>Genome, Human</term>
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<term>Réparation de l'ADN par recombinaison</term>
<term>Réplication de l'ADN</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. We found that 93 protein-coding cancer genes carried probable driver mutations. Some non-coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies, but most have distinctive structural features probably causing elevated mutation rates and do not contain driver mutations. Mutational signature analysis was extended to genome rearrangements and revealed twelve base substitution and six rearrangement signatures. Three rearrangement signatures, characterized by tandem duplications or deletions, appear associated with defective homologous-recombination-based DNA repair: one with deficient BRCA1 function, another with deficient BRCA1 or BRCA2 function, the cause of the third is unknown. This analysis of all classes of somatic mutation across exons, introns and intergenic regions highlights the repertoire of cancer genes and mutational processes operating, and progresses towards a comprehensive account of the somatic genetic basis of breast cancer.</div>
</front>
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<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27135926</PMID>
<DateCreated><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1476-4687</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>534</Volume>
<Issue>7605</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Nature</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Nature</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>47-54</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/nature17676</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. We found that 93 protein-coding cancer genes carried probable driver mutations. Some non-coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies, but most have distinctive structural features probably causing elevated mutation rates and do not contain driver mutations. Mutational signature analysis was extended to genome rearrangements and revealed twelve base substitution and six rearrangement signatures. Three rearrangement signatures, characterized by tandem duplications or deletions, appear associated with defective homologous-recombination-based DNA repair: one with deficient BRCA1 function, another with deficient BRCA1 or BRCA2 function, the cause of the third is unknown. This analysis of all classes of somatic mutation across exons, introns and intergenic regions highlights the repertoire of cancer genes and mutational processes operating, and progresses towards a comprehensive account of the somatic genetic basis of breast cancer.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nik-Zainal</LastName>
<ForeName>Serena</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davies</LastName>
<ForeName>Helen</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Staaf</LastName>
<ForeName>Johan</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ramakrishna</LastName>
<ForeName>Manasa</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Glodzik</LastName>
<ForeName>Dominik</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zou</LastName>
<ForeName>Xueqing</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martincorena</LastName>
<ForeName>Inigo</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alexandrov</LastName>
<ForeName>Ludmil B</ForeName>
<Initials>LB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, New Mexico, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin</LastName>
<ForeName>Sancha</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wedge</LastName>
<ForeName>David C</ForeName>
<Initials>DC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Van Loo</LastName>
<ForeName>Peter</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ju</LastName>
<ForeName>Young Seok</ForeName>
<Initials>YS</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smid</LastName>
<ForeName>Marcel</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015CN, The Netherlands.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brinkman</LastName>
<ForeName>Arie B</ForeName>
<Initials>AB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Morganella</LastName>
<ForeName>Sandro</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aure</LastName>
<ForeName>Miriam R</ForeName>
<Initials>MR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>K. G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lingjærde</LastName>
<ForeName>Ole Christian</ForeName>
<Initials>OC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>K. G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Computer Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Langerød</LastName>
<ForeName>Anita</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo 0310, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>K. G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0310, Norway.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.</Affiliation>
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<country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tommasi, Stefania" sort="Tommasi, Stefania" uniqKey="Tommasi S" first="Stefania" last="Tommasi">Stefania Tommasi</name>
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