Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.
Identifieur interne : 001834 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001833; suivant : 001835Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.
Auteurs : Eric M. Thompson [États-Unis] ; Thomas Hielscher [Allemagne] ; Eric Bouffet [Canada] ; Marc Remke [Allemagne] ; Betty Luu [Canada] ; Sridharan Gururangan [États-Unis] ; Roger E. Mclendon [États-Unis] ; Darell D. Bigner [États-Unis] ; Eric S. Lipp [États-Unis] ; Sebastien Perreault [Canada] ; Yoon-Jae Cho [États-Unis] ; Gerald Grant [États-Unis] ; Seung-Ki Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Ji Yeoun Lee [Corée du Sud] ; Amulya A Nageswara Rao [États-Unis] ; Caterina Giannini [États-Unis] ; Kay Ka Wai Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Ho-Keung Ng [République populaire de Chine] ; Yu Yao [République populaire de Chine] ; Toshihiro Kumabe [Japon] ; Teiji Tominaga [Japon] ; Wieslawa A. Grajkowska [Pologne] ; Marta Perek-Polnik [Pologne] ; David C Y. Low [Singapour] ; Wan Tew Seow [Singapour] ; Kenneth T E. Chang [Singapour] ; Jaume Mora [Espagne] ; Ian F. Pollack [États-Unis] ; Ronald L. Hamilton [États-Unis] ; Sarah Leary [États-Unis] ; Andrew S. Moore [Australie] ; Wendy J. Ingram [Australie] ; Andrew R. Hallahan [Australie] ; Anne Jouvet [France] ; Michelle Fèvre-Montange [France] ; Alexandre Vasiljevic [France] ; Cecile Faure-Conter [France] ; Tomoko Shofuda [Japon] ; Naoki Kagawa [Japon] ; Naoya Hashimoto [Japon] ; Nada Jabado [Canada] ; Alexander G. Weil [Canada] ; Tenzin Gayden [Canada] ; Takafumi Wataya [Japon] ; Tarek Shalaby [Suisse] ; Michael Grotzer [Suisse] ; Karel Zitterbart [République tchèque] ; Jaroslav Sterba [République tchèque] ; Leos Kren [République tchèque] ; Tibor Hortobágyi [Hongrie] ; Almos Klekner [Hongrie] ; Bognár Lászl [Hongrie] ; Tímea P Cza [Hongrie] ; Peter Hauser [Hongrie] ; Ulrich Schüller [Allemagne] ; Shin Jung ; Woo-Youl Jang ; Pim J. French [Pays-Bas] ; Johan M. Kros [Pays-Bas] ; Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen [Pays-Bas] ; Luca Massimi [Italie] ; Jeffrey R. Leonard [États-Unis] ; Joshua B. Rubin [États-Unis] ; Rajeev Vibhakar [États-Unis] ; Lola B. Chambless [États-Unis] ; Michael K. Cooper [États-Unis] ; Reid C. Thompson [États-Unis] ; Claudia C. Faria [Portugal] ; Alice Carvalho [Portugal] ; Sofia Nunes [Portugal] ; José Pimentel [Portugal] ; Xing Fan [États-Unis] ; Karin M. Muraszko [États-Unis] ; Enrique L Pez-Aguilar [Mexique] ; David Lyden [États-Unis] ; Livia Garzia [Canada] ; David J H. Shih [Canada] ; Noriyuki Kijima [Canada] ; Christian Schneider [Canada] ; Jennifer Adamski [Canada] ; Paul A. Northcott [Allemagne] ; Marcel Kool [Allemagne] ; David T W. Jones [Allemagne] ; Jennifer A. Chan [Canada] ; Ana Nikolic [Canada] ; Maria Luisa Garre [Italie] ; Erwin G. Van Meir [États-Unis] ; Satoru Osuka [États-Unis] ; Jeffrey J. Olson [États-Unis] ; Arman Jahangiri [États-Unis] ; Brandyn A. Castro [États-Unis] ; Nalin Gupta [États-Unis] ; William A. Weiss [États-Unis] ; Iska Moxon-Emre [Canada] ; Donald J. Mabbott [Canada] ; Alvaro Lassaletta [Canada] ; Cynthia E. Hawkins [Canada] ; Uri Tabori [Canada] ; James Drake [Canada] ; Abhaya Kulkarni [Canada] ; Peter Dirks [Canada] ; James T. Rutka [Canada] ; Andrey Korshunov [Allemagne] ; Stefan M. Pfister [Allemagne] ; Roger J. Packer [États-Unis] ; Vijay Ramaswamy [Canada] ; Michael D. Taylor [Canada]Source :
- The Lancet. Oncology [ 1474-5488 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Association thérapeutique, Canada, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Mâle, Médulloblastome (), Médulloblastome (anatomopathologie), Médulloblastome (génétique), Nourrisson, Pronostic, Survie sans rechute, Tumeurs du cerveau (), Tumeurs du cerveau (anatomopathologie), Tumeurs du cerveau (génétique), Études rétrospectives, Évolution de la maladie.
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Médulloblastome, Tumeurs du cerveau.
- génétique : Médulloblastome, Tumeurs du cerveau.
- Adulte, Association thérapeutique, Canada, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Mâle, Médulloblastome, Nourrisson, Pronostic, Survie sans rechute, Tumeurs du cerveau, Études rétrospectives, Évolution de la maladie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Brain Neoplasms (classification), Brain Neoplasms (genetics), Brain Neoplasms (pathology), Brain Neoplasms (surgery), Canada, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Disease Progression, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Medulloblastoma (classification), Medulloblastoma (genetics), Medulloblastoma (pathology), Medulloblastoma (surgery), Prognosis, Retrospective Studies.
- MESH :
- classification : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- genetics : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- pathology : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- surgery : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- Adult, Canada, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Disease Progression, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies.
Abstract
Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1
PubMed: 26976201
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Canada, Corée du Sud, Espagne, France, Hongrie, Italie, Japon, Mexique, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, République populaire de Chine, République tchèque, Singapour, Suisse, États-Unis
- Alberta, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Bade-Wurtemberg, Bavière, Californie, Caroline du Nord, Catalogne, Colorado, District de Columbia, District de Düsseldorf, District de Haute-Bavière, District de Karlsruhe, Géorgie (États-Unis), Hollande-Méridionale, Hongrie centrale, Latium, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri (État), Moravie, Ontario, Pennsylvanie, Québec, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Rhône-Alpes, Région capitale de Séoul, Tennessee, Washington (État), État de New York
- Barcelone, Brno, Budapest, Calgary, Düsseldorf, Heidelberg, Lyon, Montréal, Munich, Rome, Rotterdam, Sha Tin, Séoul, Toronto
- Université McGill, Université chinoise de Hong Kong, Université de Calgary, Université de Toronto
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pubmed:26976201Le document en format XML
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Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hielscher, Thomas" sort="Hielscher, Thomas" uniqKey="Hielscher T" first="Thomas" last="Hielscher">Thomas Hielscher</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouffet, Eric" sort="Bouffet, Eric" uniqKey="Bouffet E" first="Eric" last="Bouffet">Eric Bouffet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remke, Marc" sort="Remke, Marc" uniqKey="Remke M" first="Marc" last="Remke">Marc Remke</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Düsseldorf</region><settlement type="city">Düsseldorf</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luu, Betty" sort="Luu, Betty" uniqKey="Luu B" first="Betty" last="Luu">Betty Luu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gururangan, Sridharan" sort="Gururangan, Sridharan" uniqKey="Gururangan S" first="Sridharan" last="Gururangan">Sridharan Gururangan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mclendon, Roger E" sort="Mclendon, Roger E" uniqKey="Mclendon R" first="Roger E" last="Mclendon">Roger E. Mclendon</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigner, Darell D" sort="Bigner, Darell D" uniqKey="Bigner D" first="Darell D" last="Bigner">Darell D. Bigner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Eric S" sort="Lipp, Eric S" uniqKey="Lipp E" first="Eric S" last="Lipp">Eric S. Lipp</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perreault, Sebastien" sort="Perreault, Sebastien" uniqKey="Perreault S" first="Sebastien" last="Perreault">Sebastien Perreault</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Yoon Jae" sort="Cho, Yoon Jae" uniqKey="Cho Y" first="Yoon-Jae" last="Cho">Yoon-Jae Cho</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, Gerald" sort="Grant, Gerald" uniqKey="Grant G" first="Gerald" last="Grant">Gerald Grant</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Ki" sort="Kim, Seung Ki" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Ki" last="Kim">Seung-Ki Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ji Yeoun" sort="Lee, Ji Yeoun" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Ji Yeoun" last="Lee">Ji Yeoun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" sort="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" uniqKey="Rao A" first="Amulya A Nageswara" last="Rao">Amulya A Nageswara Rao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannini, Caterina" sort="Giannini, Caterina" uniqKey="Giannini C" first="Caterina" last="Giannini">Caterina Giannini</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Kay Ka Wai" sort="Li, Kay Ka Wai" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kay Ka Wai" last="Li">Kay Ka Wai Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Ho Keung" sort="Ng, Ho Keung" uniqKey="Ng H" first="Ho-Keung" last="Ng">Ho-Keung Ng</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Yu" sort="Yao, Yu" uniqKey="Yao Y" first="Yu" last="Yao">Yu Yao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shanghai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumabe, Toshihiro" sort="Kumabe, Toshihiro" uniqKey="Kumabe T" first="Toshihiro" last="Kumabe">Toshihiro Kumabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kanagawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tominaga, Teiji" sort="Tominaga, Teiji" uniqKey="Tominaga T" first="Teiji" last="Tominaga">Teiji Tominaga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sendai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" sort="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" uniqKey="Grajkowska W" first="Wieslawa A" last="Grajkowska">Wieslawa A. Grajkowska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perek Polnik, Marta" sort="Perek Polnik, Marta" uniqKey="Perek Polnik M" first="Marta" last="Perek-Polnik">Marta Perek-Polnik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Low, David C Y" sort="Low, David C Y" uniqKey="Low D" first="David C Y" last="Low">David C Y. Low</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seow, Wan Tew" sort="Seow, Wan Tew" uniqKey="Seow W" first="Wan Tew" last="Seow">Wan Tew Seow</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Kenneth T E" sort="Chang, Kenneth T E" uniqKey="Chang K" first="Kenneth T E" last="Chang">Kenneth T E. Chang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, Jaume" sort="Mora, Jaume" uniqKey="Mora J" first="Jaume" last="Mora">Jaume Mora</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pollack, Ian F" sort="Pollack, Ian F" uniqKey="Pollack I" first="Ian F" last="Pollack">Ian F. Pollack</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, Ronald L" sort="Hamilton, Ronald L" uniqKey="Hamilton R" first="Ronald L" last="Hamilton">Ronald L. Hamilton</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leary, Sarah" sort="Leary, Sarah" uniqKey="Leary S" first="Sarah" last="Leary">Sarah Leary</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Andrew S" sort="Moore, Andrew S" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Andrew S" last="Moore">Andrew S. Moore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingram, Wendy J" sort="Ingram, Wendy J" uniqKey="Ingram W" first="Wendy J" last="Ingram">Wendy J. Ingram</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallahan, Andrew R" sort="Hallahan, Andrew R" uniqKey="Hallahan A" first="Andrew R" last="Hallahan">Andrew R. Hallahan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouvet, Anne" sort="Jouvet, Anne" uniqKey="Jouvet A" first="Anne" last="Jouvet">Anne Jouvet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fevre Montange, Michelle" sort="Fevre Montange, Michelle" uniqKey="Fevre Montange M" first="Michelle" last="Fèvre-Montange">Michelle Fèvre-Montange</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" sort="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" uniqKey="Vasiljevic A" first="Alexandre" last="Vasiljevic">Alexandre Vasiljevic</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faure Conter, Cecile" sort="Faure Conter, Cecile" uniqKey="Faure Conter C" first="Cecile" last="Faure-Conter">Cecile Faure-Conter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shofuda, Tomoko" sort="Shofuda, Tomoko" uniqKey="Shofuda T" first="Tomoko" last="Shofuda">Tomoko Shofuda</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kagawa, Naoki" sort="Kagawa, Naoki" uniqKey="Kagawa N" first="Naoki" last="Kagawa">Naoki Kagawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Naoya" sort="Hashimoto, Naoya" uniqKey="Hashimoto N" first="Naoya" last="Hashimoto">Naoya Hashimoto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabado, Nada" sort="Jabado, Nada" uniqKey="Jabado N" first="Nada" last="Jabado">Nada Jabado</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Alexander G" sort="Weil, Alexander G" uniqKey="Weil A" first="Alexander G" last="Weil">Alexander G. Weil</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gayden, Tenzin" sort="Gayden, Tenzin" uniqKey="Gayden T" first="Tenzin" last="Gayden">Tenzin Gayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wataya, Takafumi" sort="Wataya, Takafumi" uniqKey="Wataya T" first="Takafumi" last="Wataya">Takafumi Wataya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shizuoka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalaby, Tarek" sort="Shalaby, Tarek" uniqKey="Shalaby T" first="Tarek" last="Shalaby">Tarek Shalaby</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grotzer, Michael" sort="Grotzer, Michael" uniqKey="Grotzer M" first="Michael" last="Grotzer">Michael Grotzer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitterbart, Karel" sort="Zitterbart, Karel" uniqKey="Zitterbart K" first="Karel" last="Zitterbart">Karel Zitterbart</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sterba, Jaroslav" sort="Sterba, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Sterba J" first="Jaroslav" last="Sterba">Jaroslav Sterba</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kren, Leos" sort="Kren, Leos" uniqKey="Kren L" first="Leos" last="Kren">Leos Kren</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hortobagyi, Tibor" sort="Hortobagyi, Tibor" uniqKey="Hortobagyi T" first="Tibor" last="Hortobágyi">Tibor Hortobágyi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klekner, Almos" sort="Klekner, Almos" uniqKey="Klekner A" first="Almos" last="Klekner">Almos Klekner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laszl, Bognar" sort="Laszl, Bognar" uniqKey="Laszl B" first="Bognár" last="Lászl">Bognár Lászl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Cza, Timea" sort="P Cza, Timea" uniqKey="P Cza T" first="Tímea" last="P Cza">Tímea P Cza</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Peter" sort="Hauser, Peter" uniqKey="Hauser P" first="Peter" last="Hauser">Peter Hauser</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuller, Ulrich" sort="Schuller, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schuller U" first="Ulrich" last="Schüller">Ulrich Schüller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Shin" sort="Jung, Shin" uniqKey="Jung S" first="Shin" last="Jung">Shin Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Chonnam South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Woo Youl" sort="Jang, Woo Youl" uniqKey="Jang W" first="Woo-Youl" last="Jang">Woo-Youl Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Chonnam South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, Pim J" sort="French, Pim J" uniqKey="French P" first="Pim J" last="French">Pim J. French</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kros, Johan M" sort="Kros, Johan M" uniqKey="Kros J" first="Johan M" last="Kros">Johan M. Kros</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" sort="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" uniqKey="Van Veelen M" first="Marie-Lise C" last="Van Veelen">Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massimi, Luca" sort="Massimi, Luca" uniqKey="Massimi L" first="Luca" last="Massimi">Luca Massimi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leonard, Jeffrey R" sort="Leonard, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="Leonard J" first="Jeffrey R" last="Leonard">Jeffrey R. Leonard</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubin, Joshua B" sort="Rubin, Joshua B" uniqKey="Rubin J" first="Joshua B" last="Rubin">Joshua B. Rubin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vibhakar, Rajeev" sort="Vibhakar, Rajeev" uniqKey="Vibhakar R" first="Rajeev" last="Vibhakar">Rajeev Vibhakar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambless, Lola B" sort="Chambless, Lola B" uniqKey="Chambless L" first="Lola B" last="Chambless">Lola B. Chambless</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Michael K" sort="Cooper, Michael K" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="Michael K" last="Cooper">Michael K. Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Reid C" sort="Thompson, Reid C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Reid C" last="Thompson">Reid C. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Claudia C" sort="Faria, Claudia C" uniqKey="Faria C" first="Claudia C" last="Faria">Claudia C. Faria</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Alice" sort="Carvalho, Alice" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Alice" last="Carvalho">Alice Carvalho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Coimbra</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Sofia" sort="Nunes, Sofia" uniqKey="Nunes S" first="Sofia" last="Nunes">Sofia Nunes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimentel, Jose" sort="Pimentel, Jose" uniqKey="Pimentel J" first="José" last="Pimentel">José Pimentel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Xing" sort="Fan, Xing" uniqKey="Fan X" first="Xing" last="Fan">Xing Fan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muraszko, Karin M" sort="Muraszko, Karin M" uniqKey="Muraszko K" first="Karin M" last="Muraszko">Karin M. Muraszko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" sort="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" uniqKey="L Pez Aguilar E" first="Enrique" last="L Pez-Aguilar">Enrique L Pez-Aguilar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mexico City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyden, David" sort="Lyden, David" uniqKey="Lyden D" first="David" last="Lyden">David Lyden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garzia, Livia" sort="Garzia, Livia" uniqKey="Garzia L" first="Livia" last="Garzia">Livia Garzia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, David J H" sort="Shih, David J H" uniqKey="Shih D" first="David J H" last="Shih">David J H. Shih</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kijima, Noriyuki" sort="Kijima, Noriyuki" uniqKey="Kijima N" first="Noriyuki" last="Kijima">Noriyuki Kijima</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Christian" sort="Schneider, Christian" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Christian" last="Schneider">Christian Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adamski, Jennifer" sort="Adamski, Jennifer" uniqKey="Adamski J" first="Jennifer" last="Adamski">Jennifer Adamski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Northcott, Paul A" sort="Northcott, Paul A" uniqKey="Northcott P" first="Paul A" last="Northcott">Paul A. Northcott</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kool, Marcel" sort="Kool, Marcel" uniqKey="Kool M" first="Marcel" last="Kool">Marcel Kool</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, David T W" sort="Jones, David T W" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David T W" last="Jones">David T W. Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jennifer A" sort="Chan, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jennifer A" last="Chan">Jennifer A. Chan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Ana" sort="Nikolic, Ana" uniqKey="Nikolic A" first="Ana" last="Nikolic">Ana Nikolic</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garre, Maria Luisa" sort="Garre, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Garre M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Garre">Maria Luisa Garre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Genova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meir, Erwin G" sort="Van Meir, Erwin G" uniqKey="Van Meir E" first="Erwin G" last="Van Meir">Erwin G. Van Meir</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osuka, Satoru" sort="Osuka, Satoru" uniqKey="Osuka S" first="Satoru" last="Osuka">Satoru Osuka</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olson, Jeffrey J" sort="Olson, Jeffrey J" uniqKey="Olson J" first="Jeffrey J" last="Olson">Jeffrey J. Olson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahangiri, Arman" sort="Jahangiri, Arman" uniqKey="Jahangiri A" first="Arman" last="Jahangiri">Arman Jahangiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Brandyn A" sort="Castro, Brandyn A" uniqKey="Castro B" first="Brandyn A" last="Castro">Brandyn A. Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Nalin" sort="Gupta, Nalin" uniqKey="Gupta N" first="Nalin" last="Gupta">Nalin Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, William A" sort="Weiss, William A" uniqKey="Weiss W" first="William A" last="Weiss">William A. Weiss</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moxon Emre, Iska" sort="Moxon Emre, Iska" uniqKey="Moxon Emre I" first="Iska" last="Moxon-Emre">Iska Moxon-Emre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mabbott, Donald J" sort="Mabbott, Donald J" uniqKey="Mabbott D" first="Donald J" last="Mabbott">Donald J. Mabbott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lassaletta, Alvaro" sort="Lassaletta, Alvaro" uniqKey="Lassaletta A" first="Alvaro" last="Lassaletta">Alvaro Lassaletta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Cynthia E" sort="Hawkins, Cynthia E" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Cynthia E" last="Hawkins">Cynthia E. Hawkins</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabori, Uri" sort="Tabori, Uri" uniqKey="Tabori U" first="Uri" last="Tabori">Uri Tabori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drake, James" sort="Drake, James" uniqKey="Drake J" first="James" last="Drake">James Drake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Abhaya" sort="Kulkarni, Abhaya" uniqKey="Kulkarni A" first="Abhaya" last="Kulkarni">Abhaya Kulkarni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dirks, Peter" sort="Dirks, Peter" uniqKey="Dirks P" first="Peter" last="Dirks">Peter Dirks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rutka, James T" sort="Rutka, James T" uniqKey="Rutka J" first="James T" last="Rutka">James T. Rutka</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korshunov, Andrey" sort="Korshunov, Andrey" uniqKey="Korshunov A" first="Andrey" last="Korshunov">Andrey Korshunov</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Stefan M" sort="Pfister, Stefan M" uniqKey="Pfister S" first="Stefan M" last="Pfister">Stefan M. Pfister</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packer, Roger J" sort="Packer, Roger J" uniqKey="Packer R" first="Roger J" last="Packer">Roger J. Packer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramaswamy, Vijay" sort="Ramaswamy, Vijay" uniqKey="Ramaswamy V" first="Vijay" last="Ramaswamy">Vijay Ramaswamy</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael D" sort="Taylor, Michael D" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael D" last="Taylor">Michael D. Taylor</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26976201</idno><idno type="pmid">26976201</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002047</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002047</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002022</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002022</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002022</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002022</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.</title><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Eric M" sort="Thompson, Eric M" uniqKey="Thompson E" first="Eric M" last="Thompson">Eric M. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hielscher, Thomas" sort="Hielscher, Thomas" uniqKey="Hielscher T" first="Thomas" last="Hielscher">Thomas Hielscher</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouffet, Eric" sort="Bouffet, Eric" uniqKey="Bouffet E" first="Eric" last="Bouffet">Eric Bouffet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remke, Marc" sort="Remke, Marc" uniqKey="Remke M" first="Marc" last="Remke">Marc Remke</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Düsseldorf</region><settlement type="city">Düsseldorf</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luu, Betty" sort="Luu, Betty" uniqKey="Luu B" first="Betty" last="Luu">Betty Luu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gururangan, Sridharan" sort="Gururangan, Sridharan" uniqKey="Gururangan S" first="Sridharan" last="Gururangan">Sridharan Gururangan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mclendon, Roger E" sort="Mclendon, Roger E" uniqKey="Mclendon R" first="Roger E" last="Mclendon">Roger E. Mclendon</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigner, Darell D" sort="Bigner, Darell D" uniqKey="Bigner D" first="Darell D" last="Bigner">Darell D. Bigner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Eric S" sort="Lipp, Eric S" uniqKey="Lipp E" first="Eric S" last="Lipp">Eric S. Lipp</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perreault, Sebastien" sort="Perreault, Sebastien" uniqKey="Perreault S" first="Sebastien" last="Perreault">Sebastien Perreault</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Yoon Jae" sort="Cho, Yoon Jae" uniqKey="Cho Y" first="Yoon-Jae" last="Cho">Yoon-Jae Cho</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, Gerald" sort="Grant, Gerald" uniqKey="Grant G" first="Gerald" last="Grant">Gerald Grant</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Ki" sort="Kim, Seung Ki" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Ki" last="Kim">Seung-Ki Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ji Yeoun" sort="Lee, Ji Yeoun" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Ji Yeoun" last="Lee">Ji Yeoun Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Séoul</settlement><region type="capital">Région capitale de Séoul</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" sort="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" uniqKey="Rao A" first="Amulya A Nageswara" last="Rao">Amulya A Nageswara Rao</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannini, Caterina" sort="Giannini, Caterina" uniqKey="Giannini C" first="Caterina" last="Giannini">Caterina Giannini</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Minnesota</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Kay Ka Wai" sort="Li, Kay Ka Wai" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kay Ka Wai" last="Li">Kay Ka Wai Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Ho Keung" sort="Ng, Ho Keung" uniqKey="Ng H" first="Ho-Keung" last="Ng">Ho-Keung Ng</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université chinoise de Hong Kong</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Sha Tin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Yu" sort="Yao, Yu" uniqKey="Yao Y" first="Yu" last="Yao">Yu Yao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shanghai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumabe, Toshihiro" sort="Kumabe, Toshihiro" uniqKey="Kumabe T" first="Toshihiro" last="Kumabe">Toshihiro Kumabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kanagawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tominaga, Teiji" sort="Tominaga, Teiji" uniqKey="Tominaga T" first="Teiji" last="Tominaga">Teiji Tominaga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sendai</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" sort="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" uniqKey="Grajkowska W" first="Wieslawa A" last="Grajkowska">Wieslawa A. Grajkowska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perek Polnik, Marta" sort="Perek Polnik, Marta" uniqKey="Perek Polnik M" first="Marta" last="Perek-Polnik">Marta Perek-Polnik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Low, David C Y" sort="Low, David C Y" uniqKey="Low D" first="David C Y" last="Low">David C Y. Low</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seow, Wan Tew" sort="Seow, Wan Tew" uniqKey="Seow W" first="Wan Tew" last="Seow">Wan Tew Seow</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Kenneth T E" sort="Chang, Kenneth T E" uniqKey="Chang K" first="Kenneth T E" last="Chang">Kenneth T E. Chang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Singapore</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, Jaume" sort="Mora, Jaume" uniqKey="Mora J" first="Jaume" last="Mora">Jaume Mora</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pollack, Ian F" sort="Pollack, Ian F" uniqKey="Pollack I" first="Ian F" last="Pollack">Ian F. Pollack</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, Ronald L" sort="Hamilton, Ronald L" uniqKey="Hamilton R" first="Ronald L" last="Hamilton">Ronald L. Hamilton</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leary, Sarah" sort="Leary, Sarah" uniqKey="Leary S" first="Sarah" last="Leary">Sarah Leary</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Andrew S" sort="Moore, Andrew S" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Andrew S" last="Moore">Andrew S. Moore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingram, Wendy J" sort="Ingram, Wendy J" uniqKey="Ingram W" first="Wendy J" last="Ingram">Wendy J. Ingram</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallahan, Andrew R" sort="Hallahan, Andrew R" uniqKey="Hallahan A" first="Andrew R" last="Hallahan">Andrew R. Hallahan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouvet, Anne" sort="Jouvet, Anne" uniqKey="Jouvet A" first="Anne" last="Jouvet">Anne Jouvet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fevre Montange, Michelle" sort="Fevre Montange, Michelle" uniqKey="Fevre Montange M" first="Michelle" last="Fèvre-Montange">Michelle Fèvre-Montange</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" sort="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" uniqKey="Vasiljevic A" first="Alexandre" last="Vasiljevic">Alexandre Vasiljevic</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faure Conter, Cecile" sort="Faure Conter, Cecile" uniqKey="Faure Conter C" first="Cecile" last="Faure-Conter">Cecile Faure-Conter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shofuda, Tomoko" sort="Shofuda, Tomoko" uniqKey="Shofuda T" first="Tomoko" last="Shofuda">Tomoko Shofuda</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kagawa, Naoki" sort="Kagawa, Naoki" uniqKey="Kagawa N" first="Naoki" last="Kagawa">Naoki Kagawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Naoya" sort="Hashimoto, Naoya" uniqKey="Hashimoto N" first="Naoya" last="Hashimoto">Naoya Hashimoto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabado, Nada" sort="Jabado, Nada" uniqKey="Jabado N" first="Nada" last="Jabado">Nada Jabado</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Alexander G" sort="Weil, Alexander G" uniqKey="Weil A" first="Alexander G" last="Weil">Alexander G. Weil</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gayden, Tenzin" sort="Gayden, Tenzin" uniqKey="Gayden T" first="Tenzin" last="Gayden">Tenzin Gayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wataya, Takafumi" sort="Wataya, Takafumi" uniqKey="Wataya T" first="Takafumi" last="Wataya">Takafumi Wataya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shizuoka</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalaby, Tarek" sort="Shalaby, Tarek" uniqKey="Shalaby T" first="Tarek" last="Shalaby">Tarek Shalaby</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grotzer, Michael" sort="Grotzer, Michael" uniqKey="Grotzer M" first="Michael" last="Grotzer">Michael Grotzer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitterbart, Karel" sort="Zitterbart, Karel" uniqKey="Zitterbart K" first="Karel" last="Zitterbart">Karel Zitterbart</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sterba, Jaroslav" sort="Sterba, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Sterba J" first="Jaroslav" last="Sterba">Jaroslav Sterba</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kren, Leos" sort="Kren, Leos" uniqKey="Kren L" first="Leos" last="Kren">Leos Kren</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Brno</settlement><region>Moravie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hortobagyi, Tibor" sort="Hortobagyi, Tibor" uniqKey="Hortobagyi T" first="Tibor" last="Hortobágyi">Tibor Hortobágyi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klekner, Almos" sort="Klekner, Almos" uniqKey="Klekner A" first="Almos" last="Klekner">Almos Klekner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laszl, Bognar" sort="Laszl, Bognar" uniqKey="Laszl B" first="Bognár" last="Lászl">Bognár Lászl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Debrecen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Cza, Timea" sort="P Cza, Timea" uniqKey="P Cza T" first="Tímea" last="P Cza">Tímea P Cza</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Peter" sort="Hauser, Peter" uniqKey="Hauser P" first="Peter" last="Hauser">Peter Hauser</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuller, Ulrich" sort="Schuller, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schuller U" first="Ulrich" last="Schüller">Ulrich Schüller</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Shin" sort="Jung, Shin" uniqKey="Jung S" first="Shin" last="Jung">Shin Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Chonnam South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Woo Youl" sort="Jang, Woo Youl" uniqKey="Jang W" first="Woo-Youl" last="Jang">Woo-Youl Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Chonnam South Korea</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, Pim J" sort="French, Pim J" uniqKey="French P" first="Pim J" last="French">Pim J. French</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kros, Johan M" sort="Kros, Johan M" uniqKey="Kros J" first="Johan M" last="Kros">Johan M. Kros</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" sort="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" uniqKey="Van Veelen M" first="Marie-Lise C" last="Van Veelen">Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massimi, Luca" sort="Massimi, Luca" uniqKey="Massimi L" first="Luca" last="Massimi">Luca Massimi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leonard, Jeffrey R" sort="Leonard, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="Leonard J" first="Jeffrey R" last="Leonard">Jeffrey R. Leonard</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubin, Joshua B" sort="Rubin, Joshua B" uniqKey="Rubin J" first="Joshua B" last="Rubin">Joshua B. Rubin</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vibhakar, Rajeev" sort="Vibhakar, Rajeev" uniqKey="Vibhakar R" first="Rajeev" last="Vibhakar">Rajeev Vibhakar</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambless, Lola B" sort="Chambless, Lola B" uniqKey="Chambless L" first="Lola B" last="Chambless">Lola B. Chambless</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Michael K" sort="Cooper, Michael K" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="Michael K" last="Cooper">Michael K. Cooper</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Reid C" sort="Thompson, Reid C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Reid C" last="Thompson">Reid C. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Claudia C" sort="Faria, Claudia C" uniqKey="Faria C" first="Claudia C" last="Faria">Claudia C. Faria</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Alice" sort="Carvalho, Alice" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Alice" last="Carvalho">Alice Carvalho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Coimbra</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Sofia" sort="Nunes, Sofia" uniqKey="Nunes S" first="Sofia" last="Nunes">Sofia Nunes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimentel, Jose" sort="Pimentel, Jose" uniqKey="Pimentel J" first="José" last="Pimentel">José Pimentel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Xing" sort="Fan, Xing" uniqKey="Fan X" first="Xing" last="Fan">Xing Fan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muraszko, Karin M" sort="Muraszko, Karin M" uniqKey="Muraszko K" first="Karin M" last="Muraszko">Karin M. Muraszko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" sort="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" uniqKey="L Pez Aguilar E" first="Enrique" last="L Pez-Aguilar">Enrique L Pez-Aguilar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Mexique</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Mexico City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyden, David" sort="Lyden, David" uniqKey="Lyden D" first="David" last="Lyden">David Lyden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garzia, Livia" sort="Garzia, Livia" uniqKey="Garzia L" first="Livia" last="Garzia">Livia Garzia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, David J H" sort="Shih, David J H" uniqKey="Shih D" first="David J H" last="Shih">David J H. Shih</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kijima, Noriyuki" sort="Kijima, Noriyuki" uniqKey="Kijima N" first="Noriyuki" last="Kijima">Noriyuki Kijima</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Christian" sort="Schneider, Christian" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Christian" last="Schneider">Christian Schneider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adamski, Jennifer" sort="Adamski, Jennifer" uniqKey="Adamski J" first="Jennifer" last="Adamski">Jennifer Adamski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Northcott, Paul A" sort="Northcott, Paul A" uniqKey="Northcott P" first="Paul A" last="Northcott">Paul A. Northcott</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kool, Marcel" sort="Kool, Marcel" uniqKey="Kool M" first="Marcel" last="Kool">Marcel Kool</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, David T W" sort="Jones, David T W" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David T W" last="Jones">David T W. Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jennifer A" sort="Chan, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jennifer A" last="Chan">Jennifer A. Chan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Ana" sort="Nikolic, Ana" uniqKey="Nikolic A" first="Ana" last="Nikolic">Ana Nikolic</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garre, Maria Luisa" sort="Garre, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Garre M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Garre">Maria Luisa Garre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Genova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meir, Erwin G" sort="Van Meir, Erwin G" uniqKey="Van Meir E" first="Erwin G" last="Van Meir">Erwin G. Van Meir</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osuka, Satoru" sort="Osuka, Satoru" uniqKey="Osuka S" first="Satoru" last="Osuka">Satoru Osuka</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olson, Jeffrey J" sort="Olson, Jeffrey J" uniqKey="Olson J" first="Jeffrey J" last="Olson">Jeffrey J. Olson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahangiri, Arman" sort="Jahangiri, Arman" uniqKey="Jahangiri A" first="Arman" last="Jahangiri">Arman Jahangiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Brandyn A" sort="Castro, Brandyn A" uniqKey="Castro B" first="Brandyn A" last="Castro">Brandyn A. Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Nalin" sort="Gupta, Nalin" uniqKey="Gupta N" first="Nalin" last="Gupta">Nalin Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, William A" sort="Weiss, William A" uniqKey="Weiss W" first="William A" last="Weiss">William A. Weiss</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moxon Emre, Iska" sort="Moxon Emre, Iska" uniqKey="Moxon Emre I" first="Iska" last="Moxon-Emre">Iska Moxon-Emre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mabbott, Donald J" sort="Mabbott, Donald J" uniqKey="Mabbott D" first="Donald J" last="Mabbott">Donald J. Mabbott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lassaletta, Alvaro" sort="Lassaletta, Alvaro" uniqKey="Lassaletta A" first="Alvaro" last="Lassaletta">Alvaro Lassaletta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Cynthia E" sort="Hawkins, Cynthia E" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Cynthia E" last="Hawkins">Cynthia E. Hawkins</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabori, Uri" sort="Tabori, Uri" uniqKey="Tabori U" first="Uri" last="Tabori">Uri Tabori</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drake, James" sort="Drake, James" uniqKey="Drake J" first="James" last="Drake">James Drake</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Abhaya" sort="Kulkarni, Abhaya" uniqKey="Kulkarni A" first="Abhaya" last="Kulkarni">Abhaya Kulkarni</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dirks, Peter" sort="Dirks, Peter" uniqKey="Dirks P" first="Peter" last="Dirks">Peter Dirks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rutka, James T" sort="Rutka, James T" uniqKey="Rutka J" first="James T" last="Rutka">James T. Rutka</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korshunov, Andrey" sort="Korshunov, Andrey" uniqKey="Korshunov A" first="Andrey" last="Korshunov">Andrey Korshunov</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Stefan M" sort="Pfister, Stefan M" uniqKey="Pfister S" first="Stefan M" last="Pfister">Stefan M. Pfister</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packer, Roger J" sort="Packer, Roger J" uniqKey="Packer R" first="Roger J" last="Packer">Roger J. Packer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramaswamy, Vijay" sort="Ramaswamy, Vijay" uniqKey="Ramaswamy V" first="Vijay" last="Ramaswamy">Vijay Ramaswamy</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael D" sort="Taylor, Michael D" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael D" last="Taylor">Michael D. Taylor</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Lancet. Oncology</title><idno type="eISSN">1474-5488</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (classification)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (genetics)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (pathology)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (surgery)</term><term>Canada</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Combined Modality Therapy</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Medulloblastoma (classification)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (genetics)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (pathology)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (surgery)</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Association thérapeutique</term><term>Canada</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Médulloblastome ()</term><term>Médulloblastome (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Médulloblastome (génétique)</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Survie sans rechute</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau ()</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau (génétique)</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term><term>Évolution de la maladie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Médulloblastome</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Médulloblastome</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="surgery" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Canada</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Combined Modality Therapy</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Association thérapeutique</term><term>Canada</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Imagerie par résonance magnétique</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Médulloblastome</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Survie sans rechute</term><term>Tumeurs du cerveau</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term><term>Évolution de la maladie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26976201</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1474-5488</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>17</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Lancet. Oncology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Lancet Oncol.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>484-95</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We retrospectively identified patients who had a histological diagnosis of medulloblastoma and complete data about extent of resection and survival from centres participating in the Medulloblastoma Advanced Genomics International Consortium. We collected from resections done between April, 1997, and February, 2013, at 35 international institutions. We established medulloblastoma subgroup affiliation by gene expression profiling on frozen or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. We classified extent of resection on the basis of postoperative imaging as gross total resection (no residual tumour), near-total resection (<1·5 cm(2) tumour remaining), or sub-total resection (≥1·5 cm(2) tumour remaining). We did multivariable analyses of overall survival and progression-free survival using the variables molecular subgroup (WNT, SHH, group 4, and group 3), age (<3 vs ≥3 years old), metastatic status (metastases vs no metastases), geographical location of therapy (North America/Australia vs rest of the world), receipt of chemotherapy (yes vs no) and receipt of craniospinal irradiation (<30 Gy or >30 Gy vs no craniospinal irradiation). The primary analysis outcome was the effect of extent of resection by molecular subgroup and the effects of other clinical variables on overall and progression-free survival.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FINDINGS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We included 787 patients with medulloblastoma (86 with WNT tumours, 242 with SHH tumours, 163 with group 3 tumours, and 296 with group 4 tumours) in our multivariable Cox models of progression-free and overall survival. We found that the prognostic benefit of increased extent of resection for patients with medulloblastoma is attenuated after molecular subgroup affiliation is taken into account. We identified a progression-free survival benefit for gross total resection over sub-total resection (hazard ratio [HR] 1·45, 95% CI 1·07-1·96, p=0·16) but no overall survival benefit (HR 1·23, 0·87-1·72, p=0·24). We saw no progression-free survival or overall survival benefit for gross total resection compared with near-total resection (HR 1·05, 0·71-1·53, p=0·8158 for progression-free survival and HR 1·14, 0·75-1·72, p=0·55 for overall survival). No significant survival benefit existed for greater extent of resection for patients with WNT, SHH, or group 3 tumours (HR 1·03, 0·67-1·58, p=0·89 for sub-total resection vs gross total resection). For patients with group 4 tumours, gross total resection conferred a benefit to progression-free survival compared with sub-total resection (HR 1·97, 1·22-3·17, p=0·0056), especially for those with metastatic disease (HR 2·22, 1·00-4·93, p=0·050). However, gross total resection had no effect on overall survival compared with sub-total resection in patients with group 4 tumours (HR 1·67, 0·93-2·99, p=0·084).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INTERPRETATION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The prognostic benefit of increased extent of resection for patients with medulloblastoma is attenuated after molecular subgroup affiliation is taken into account. Although maximum safe surgical resection should remain the standard of care, surgical removal of small residual portions of medulloblastoma is not recommended when the likelihood of neurological morbidity is high because there is no definitive benefit to gross total resection compared with near-total resection.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FUNDING" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute, Terry Fox Research Institute, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institutes of Health, Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation, and the Garron Family Chair in Childhood Cancer Research.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thompson</LastName><ForeName>Eric M</ForeName><Initials>EM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hielscher</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouffet</LastName><ForeName>Eric</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Remke</LastName><ForeName>Marc</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luu</LastName><ForeName>Betty</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gururangan</LastName><ForeName>Sridharan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McLendon</LastName><ForeName>Roger E</ForeName><Initials>RE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bigner</LastName><ForeName>Darell D</ForeName><Initials>DD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lipp</LastName><ForeName>Eric S</ForeName><Initials>ES</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perreault</LastName><ForeName>Sebastien</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cho</LastName><ForeName>Yoon-Jae</ForeName><Initials>YJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grant</LastName><ForeName>Gerald</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Seung-Ki</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Ji Yeoun</ForeName><Initials>JY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rao</LastName><ForeName>Amulya A Nageswara</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giannini</LastName><ForeName>Caterina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Kay Ka Wai</ForeName><Initials>KK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ng</LastName><ForeName>Ho-Keung</ForeName><Initials>HK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yao</LastName><ForeName>Yu</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kumabe</LastName><ForeName>Toshihiro</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tominaga</LastName><ForeName>Teiji</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grajkowska</LastName><ForeName>Wieslawa A</ForeName><Initials>WA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perek-Polnik</LastName><ForeName>Marta</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Low</LastName><ForeName>David C Y</ForeName><Initials>DC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seow</LastName><ForeName>Wan Tew</ForeName><Initials>WT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chang</LastName><ForeName>Kenneth T E</ForeName><Initials>KT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mora</LastName><ForeName>Jaume</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pollack</LastName><ForeName>Ian F</ForeName><Initials>IF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hamilton</LastName><ForeName>Ronald L</ForeName><Initials>RL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leary</LastName><ForeName>Sarah</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moore</LastName><ForeName>Andrew S</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ingram</LastName><ForeName>Wendy J</ForeName><Initials>WJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hallahan</LastName><ForeName>Andrew R</ForeName><Initials>AR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jouvet</LastName><ForeName>Anne</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fèvre-Montange</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vasiljevic</LastName><ForeName>Alexandre</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faure-Conter</LastName><ForeName>Cecile</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shofuda</LastName><ForeName>Tomoko</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kagawa</LastName><ForeName>Naoki</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hashimoto</LastName><ForeName>Naoya</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jabado</LastName><ForeName>Nada</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weil</LastName><ForeName>Alexander G</ForeName><Initials>AG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gayden</LastName><ForeName>Tenzin</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wataya</LastName><ForeName>Takafumi</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shalaby</LastName><ForeName>Tarek</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grotzer</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zitterbart</LastName><ForeName>Karel</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sterba</LastName><ForeName>Jaroslav</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kren</LastName><ForeName>Leos</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hortobágyi</LastName><ForeName>Tibor</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klekner</LastName><ForeName>Almos</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>László</LastName><ForeName>Bognár</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pócza</LastName><ForeName>Tímea</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hauser</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schüller</LastName><ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jung</LastName><ForeName>Shin</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jang</LastName><ForeName>Woo-Youl</ForeName><Initials>WY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>French</LastName><ForeName>Pim J</ForeName><Initials>PJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kros</LastName><ForeName>Johan M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Veelen</LastName><ForeName>Marie-Lise C</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Massimi</LastName><ForeName>Luca</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leonard</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey R</ForeName><Initials>JR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rubin</LastName><ForeName>Joshua B</ForeName><Initials>JB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vibhakar</LastName><ForeName>Rajeev</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chambless</LastName><ForeName>Lola B</ForeName><Initials>LB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cooper</LastName><ForeName>Michael K</ForeName><Initials>MK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thompson</LastName><ForeName>Reid C</ForeName><Initials>RC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faria</LastName><ForeName>Claudia C</ForeName><Initials>CC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carvalho</LastName><ForeName>Alice</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nunes</LastName><ForeName>Sofia</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pimentel</LastName><ForeName>José</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fan</LastName><ForeName>Xing</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muraszko</LastName><ForeName>Karin M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>López-Aguilar</LastName><ForeName>Enrique</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lyden</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garzia</LastName><ForeName>Livia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shih</LastName><ForeName>David J H</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kijima</LastName><ForeName>Noriyuki</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneider</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adamski</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Northcott</LastName><ForeName>Paul A</ForeName><Initials>PA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kool</LastName><ForeName>Marcel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jones</LastName><ForeName>David T W</ForeName><Initials>DT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chan</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nikolic</LastName><ForeName>Ana</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garre</LastName><ForeName>Maria Luisa</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Van Meir</LastName><ForeName>Erwin G</ForeName><Initials>EG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Osuka</LastName><ForeName>Satoru</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olson</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jahangiri</LastName><ForeName>Arman</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castro</LastName><ForeName>Brandyn A</ForeName><Initials>BA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gupta</LastName><ForeName>Nalin</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weiss</LastName><ForeName>William A</ForeName><Initials>WA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moxon-Emre</LastName><ForeName>Iska</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mabbott</LastName><ForeName>Donald J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lassaletta</LastName><ForeName>Alvaro</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hawkins</LastName><ForeName>Cynthia E</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tabori</LastName><ForeName>Uri</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drake</LastName><ForeName>James</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kulkarni</LastName><ForeName>Abhaya</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dirks</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rutka</LastName><ForeName>James T</ForeName><Initials>JT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Korshunov</LastName><ForeName>Andrey</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pfister</LastName><ForeName>Stefan M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Packer</LastName><ForeName>Roger J</ForeName><Initials>RJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ramaswamy</LastName><ForeName>Vijay</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Taylor</LastName><ForeName>Michael D</ForeName><Initials>MD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>P50 CA190991</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA159859</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 NS096236</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA163737</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA148621</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA148699</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>F31 CA203372</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>12</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Lancet Oncol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100957246</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1470-2045</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Lancet Oncol. 2005 Aug;6(8):573-80</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16054568</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Oncol. 1999 Mar;17(3):832-45</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10071274</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurooncol. 2009 Aug;94(1):51-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19184579</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections 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MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008279" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetic Resonance Imaging</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008527" MajorTopicYN="N">Medulloblastoma</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="Y">classification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011379" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prognosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">NIHMS768539 [Available on 04/01/17]</OtherID><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4907853 [Available on 04/01/17]</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26976201</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4907853</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="mid">NIHMS768539</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>Corée du Sud</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Italie</li><li>Japon</li><li>Mexique</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Portugal</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>République tchèque</li><li>Singapour</li><li>Suisse</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Alberta</li><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>Bavière</li><li>Californie</li><li>Caroline du 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Thompson</name><name sortKey="Van Meir, Erwin G" sort="Van Meir, Erwin G" uniqKey="Van Meir E" first="Erwin G" last="Van Meir">Erwin G. Van Meir</name><name sortKey="Vibhakar, Rajeev" sort="Vibhakar, Rajeev" uniqKey="Vibhakar R" first="Rajeev" last="Vibhakar">Rajeev Vibhakar</name><name sortKey="Weiss, William A" sort="Weiss, William A" uniqKey="Weiss W" first="William A" last="Weiss">William A. Weiss</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Hielscher, Thomas" sort="Hielscher, Thomas" uniqKey="Hielscher T" first="Thomas" last="Hielscher">Thomas Hielscher</name></region><name sortKey="Jones, David T W" sort="Jones, David T W" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David T W" last="Jones">David T W. Jones</name><name sortKey="Kool, Marcel" sort="Kool, Marcel" uniqKey="Kool M" first="Marcel" last="Kool">Marcel Kool</name><name sortKey="Korshunov, Andrey" sort="Korshunov, Andrey" uniqKey="Korshunov A" first="Andrey" last="Korshunov">Andrey Korshunov</name><name sortKey="Northcott, Paul A" sort="Northcott, Paul A" uniqKey="Northcott P" first="Paul A" last="Northcott">Paul A. Northcott</name><name sortKey="Pfister, Stefan M" sort="Pfister, Stefan M" uniqKey="Pfister S" first="Stefan M" last="Pfister">Stefan M. Pfister</name><name sortKey="Remke, Marc" sort="Remke, Marc" uniqKey="Remke M" first="Marc" last="Remke">Marc Remke</name><name sortKey="Schuller, Ulrich" sort="Schuller, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schuller U" first="Ulrich" last="Schüller">Ulrich Schüller</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bouffet, Eric" sort="Bouffet, Eric" uniqKey="Bouffet E" first="Eric" last="Bouffet">Eric Bouffet</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Adamski, Jennifer" sort="Adamski, Jennifer" uniqKey="Adamski J" first="Jennifer" last="Adamski">Jennifer Adamski</name><name sortKey="Chan, Jennifer A" sort="Chan, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jennifer A" last="Chan">Jennifer A. Chan</name><name sortKey="Dirks, Peter" sort="Dirks, Peter" uniqKey="Dirks P" first="Peter" last="Dirks">Peter Dirks</name><name sortKey="Drake, James" sort="Drake, James" uniqKey="Drake J" first="James" last="Drake">James Drake</name><name sortKey="Garzia, Livia" sort="Garzia, Livia" uniqKey="Garzia L" first="Livia" last="Garzia">Livia Garzia</name><name sortKey="Gayden, Tenzin" sort="Gayden, Tenzin" uniqKey="Gayden T" first="Tenzin" last="Gayden">Tenzin Gayden</name><name sortKey="Hawkins, Cynthia E" sort="Hawkins, Cynthia E" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Cynthia E" last="Hawkins">Cynthia E. Hawkins</name><name sortKey="Jabado, Nada" sort="Jabado, Nada" uniqKey="Jabado N" first="Nada" last="Jabado">Nada Jabado</name><name sortKey="Kijima, Noriyuki" sort="Kijima, Noriyuki" uniqKey="Kijima N" first="Noriyuki" last="Kijima">Noriyuki Kijima</name><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Abhaya" sort="Kulkarni, Abhaya" uniqKey="Kulkarni A" first="Abhaya" last="Kulkarni">Abhaya Kulkarni</name><name sortKey="Lassaletta, Alvaro" sort="Lassaletta, Alvaro" uniqKey="Lassaletta A" first="Alvaro" last="Lassaletta">Alvaro Lassaletta</name><name sortKey="Luu, Betty" sort="Luu, Betty" uniqKey="Luu B" first="Betty" last="Luu">Betty Luu</name><name sortKey="Mabbott, Donald J" sort="Mabbott, Donald J" uniqKey="Mabbott D" first="Donald J" last="Mabbott">Donald J. Mabbott</name><name sortKey="Moxon Emre, Iska" sort="Moxon Emre, Iska" uniqKey="Moxon Emre I" first="Iska" last="Moxon-Emre">Iska Moxon-Emre</name><name sortKey="Nikolic, Ana" sort="Nikolic, Ana" uniqKey="Nikolic A" first="Ana" last="Nikolic">Ana Nikolic</name><name sortKey="Perreault, Sebastien" sort="Perreault, Sebastien" uniqKey="Perreault S" first="Sebastien" last="Perreault">Sebastien Perreault</name><name sortKey="Ramaswamy, Vijay" sort="Ramaswamy, Vijay" uniqKey="Ramaswamy V" first="Vijay" last="Ramaswamy">Vijay Ramaswamy</name><name sortKey="Rutka, James T" sort="Rutka, James T" uniqKey="Rutka J" first="James T" last="Rutka">James T. Rutka</name><name sortKey="Schneider, Christian" sort="Schneider, Christian" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Christian" last="Schneider">Christian Schneider</name><name sortKey="Shih, David J H" sort="Shih, David J H" uniqKey="Shih D" first="David J H" last="Shih">David J H. 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French</name></region><name sortKey="Kros, Johan M" sort="Kros, Johan M" uniqKey="Kros J" first="Johan M" last="Kros">Johan M. Kros</name><name sortKey="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" sort="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" uniqKey="Van Veelen M" first="Marie-Lise C" last="Van Veelen">Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen</name></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Massimi, Luca" sort="Massimi, Luca" uniqKey="Massimi L" first="Luca" last="Massimi">Luca Massimi</name></region><name sortKey="Garre, Maria Luisa" sort="Garre, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Garre M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Garre">Maria Luisa Garre</name></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Faria, Claudia C" sort="Faria, Claudia C" uniqKey="Faria C" first="Claudia C" last="Faria">Claudia C. Faria</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Carvalho, Alice" sort="Carvalho, Alice" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Alice" last="Carvalho">Alice Carvalho</name><name sortKey="Nunes, Sofia" sort="Nunes, Sofia" uniqKey="Nunes S" first="Sofia" last="Nunes">Sofia Nunes</name><name sortKey="Pimentel, Jose" sort="Pimentel, Jose" uniqKey="Pimentel J" first="José" last="Pimentel">José Pimentel</name></country><country name="Mexique"><noRegion><name sortKey="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" sort="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" uniqKey="L Pez Aguilar E" first="Enrique" last="L Pez-Aguilar">Enrique L Pez-Aguilar</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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