Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.
Identifieur interne : 002047 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 002046; suivant : 002048Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.
Auteurs : Eric M. Thompson ; Thomas Hielscher ; Eric Bouffet ; Marc Remke ; Betty Luu ; Sridharan Gururangan ; Roger E. Mclendon ; Darell D. Bigner ; Eric S. Lipp ; Sebastien Perreault ; Yoon-Jae Cho ; Gerald Grant ; Seung-Ki Kim ; Ji Yeoun Lee ; Amulya A Nageswara Rao ; Caterina Giannini ; Kay Ka Wai Li ; Ho-Keung Ng ; Yu Yao ; Toshihiro Kumabe ; Teiji Tominaga ; Wieslawa A. Grajkowska ; Marta Perek-Polnik ; David C Y. Low ; Wan Tew Seow ; Kenneth T E. Chang ; Jaume Mora ; Ian F. Pollack ; Ronald L. Hamilton ; Sarah Leary ; Andrew S. Moore ; Wendy J. Ingram ; Andrew R. Hallahan ; Anne Jouvet ; Michelle Fèvre-Montange ; Alexandre Vasiljevic ; Cecile Faure-Conter ; Tomoko Shofuda ; Naoki Kagawa ; Naoya Hashimoto ; Nada Jabado ; Alexander G. Weil ; Tenzin Gayden ; Takafumi Wataya ; Tarek Shalaby ; Michael Grotzer ; Karel Zitterbart ; Jaroslav Sterba ; Leos Kren ; Tibor Hortobágyi ; Almos Klekner ; Bognár Lászl ; Tímea P Cza ; Peter Hauser ; Ulrich Schüller ; Shin Jung ; Woo-Youl Jang ; Pim J. French ; Johan M. Kros ; Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen ; Luca Massimi ; Jeffrey R. Leonard ; Joshua B. Rubin ; Rajeev Vibhakar ; Lola B. Chambless ; Michael K. Cooper ; Reid C. Thompson ; Claudia C. Faria ; Alice Carvalho ; Sofia Nunes ; José Pimentel ; Xing Fan ; Karin M. Muraszko ; Enrique L Pez-Aguilar ; David Lyden ; Livia Garzia ; David J H. Shih ; Noriyuki Kijima ; Christian Schneider ; Jennifer Adamski ; Paul A. Northcott ; Marcel Kool ; David T W. Jones ; Jennifer A. Chan ; Ana Nikolic ; Maria Luisa Garre ; Erwin G. Van Meir ; Satoru Osuka ; Jeffrey J. Olson ; Arman Jahangiri ; Brandyn A. Castro ; Nalin Gupta ; William A. Weiss ; Iska Moxon-Emre ; Donald J. Mabbott ; Alvaro Lassaletta ; Cynthia E. Hawkins ; Uri Tabori ; James Drake ; Abhaya Kulkarni ; Peter Dirks ; James T. Rutka ; Andrey Korshunov ; Stefan M. Pfister ; Roger J. Packer ; Vijay Ramaswamy ; Michael D. TaylorSource :
- The Lancet. Oncology [ 1474-5488 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Brain Neoplasms (classification), Brain Neoplasms (genetics), Brain Neoplasms (pathology), Brain Neoplasms (surgery), Canada, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Disease Progression, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Medulloblastoma (classification), Medulloblastoma (genetics), Medulloblastoma (pathology), Medulloblastoma (surgery), Prognosis, Retrospective Studies.
- MESH :
- classification : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- genetics : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- pathology : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- surgery : Brain Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma.
- Adult, Canada, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Disease Progression, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies.
Abstract
Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1
PubMed: 26976201
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pubmed:26976201Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.</title><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Eric M" sort="Thompson, Eric M" uniqKey="Thompson E" first="Eric M" last="Thompson">Eric M. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hielscher, Thomas" sort="Hielscher, Thomas" uniqKey="Hielscher T" first="Thomas" last="Hielscher">Thomas Hielscher</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouffet, Eric" sort="Bouffet, Eric" uniqKey="Bouffet E" first="Eric" last="Bouffet">Eric Bouffet</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remke, Marc" sort="Remke, Marc" uniqKey="Remke M" first="Marc" last="Remke">Marc Remke</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luu, Betty" sort="Luu, Betty" uniqKey="Luu B" first="Betty" last="Luu">Betty Luu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gururangan, Sridharan" sort="Gururangan, Sridharan" uniqKey="Gururangan S" first="Sridharan" last="Gururangan">Sridharan Gururangan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mclendon, Roger E" sort="Mclendon, Roger E" uniqKey="Mclendon R" first="Roger E" last="Mclendon">Roger E. Mclendon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigner, Darell D" sort="Bigner, Darell D" uniqKey="Bigner D" first="Darell D" last="Bigner">Darell D. Bigner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Eric S" sort="Lipp, Eric S" uniqKey="Lipp E" first="Eric S" last="Lipp">Eric S. Lipp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perreault, Sebastien" sort="Perreault, Sebastien" uniqKey="Perreault S" first="Sebastien" last="Perreault">Sebastien Perreault</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Yoon Jae" sort="Cho, Yoon Jae" uniqKey="Cho Y" first="Yoon-Jae" last="Cho">Yoon-Jae Cho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, Gerald" sort="Grant, Gerald" uniqKey="Grant G" first="Gerald" last="Grant">Gerald Grant</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Ki" sort="Kim, Seung Ki" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Ki" last="Kim">Seung-Ki Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ji Yeoun" sort="Lee, Ji Yeoun" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Ji Yeoun" last="Lee">Ji Yeoun Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" sort="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" uniqKey="Rao A" first="Amulya A Nageswara" last="Rao">Amulya A Nageswara Rao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannini, Caterina" sort="Giannini, Caterina" uniqKey="Giannini C" first="Caterina" last="Giannini">Caterina Giannini</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Kay Ka Wai" sort="Li, Kay Ka Wai" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kay Ka Wai" last="Li">Kay Ka Wai Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Ho Keung" sort="Ng, Ho Keung" uniqKey="Ng H" first="Ho-Keung" last="Ng">Ho-Keung Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Yu" sort="Yao, Yu" uniqKey="Yao Y" first="Yu" last="Yao">Yu Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumabe, Toshihiro" sort="Kumabe, Toshihiro" uniqKey="Kumabe T" first="Toshihiro" last="Kumabe">Toshihiro Kumabe</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tominaga, Teiji" sort="Tominaga, Teiji" uniqKey="Tominaga T" first="Teiji" last="Tominaga">Teiji Tominaga</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" sort="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" uniqKey="Grajkowska W" first="Wieslawa A" last="Grajkowska">Wieslawa A. Grajkowska</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perek Polnik, Marta" sort="Perek Polnik, Marta" uniqKey="Perek Polnik M" first="Marta" last="Perek-Polnik">Marta Perek-Polnik</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Low, David C Y" sort="Low, David C Y" uniqKey="Low D" first="David C Y" last="Low">David C Y. Low</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seow, Wan Tew" sort="Seow, Wan Tew" uniqKey="Seow W" first="Wan Tew" last="Seow">Wan Tew Seow</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Kenneth T E" sort="Chang, Kenneth T E" uniqKey="Chang K" first="Kenneth T E" last="Chang">Kenneth T E. Chang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, Jaume" sort="Mora, Jaume" uniqKey="Mora J" first="Jaume" last="Mora">Jaume Mora</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pollack, Ian F" sort="Pollack, Ian F" uniqKey="Pollack I" first="Ian F" last="Pollack">Ian F. Pollack</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, Ronald L" sort="Hamilton, Ronald L" uniqKey="Hamilton R" first="Ronald L" last="Hamilton">Ronald L. Hamilton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leary, Sarah" sort="Leary, Sarah" uniqKey="Leary S" first="Sarah" last="Leary">Sarah Leary</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Andrew S" sort="Moore, Andrew S" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Andrew S" last="Moore">Andrew S. Moore</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingram, Wendy J" sort="Ingram, Wendy J" uniqKey="Ingram W" first="Wendy J" last="Ingram">Wendy J. Ingram</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallahan, Andrew R" sort="Hallahan, Andrew R" uniqKey="Hallahan A" first="Andrew R" last="Hallahan">Andrew R. Hallahan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouvet, Anne" sort="Jouvet, Anne" uniqKey="Jouvet A" first="Anne" last="Jouvet">Anne Jouvet</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fevre Montange, Michelle" sort="Fevre Montange, Michelle" uniqKey="Fevre Montange M" first="Michelle" last="Fèvre-Montange">Michelle Fèvre-Montange</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" sort="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" uniqKey="Vasiljevic A" first="Alexandre" last="Vasiljevic">Alexandre Vasiljevic</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faure Conter, Cecile" sort="Faure Conter, Cecile" uniqKey="Faure Conter C" first="Cecile" last="Faure-Conter">Cecile Faure-Conter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shofuda, Tomoko" sort="Shofuda, Tomoko" uniqKey="Shofuda T" first="Tomoko" last="Shofuda">Tomoko Shofuda</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kagawa, Naoki" sort="Kagawa, Naoki" uniqKey="Kagawa N" first="Naoki" last="Kagawa">Naoki Kagawa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Naoya" sort="Hashimoto, Naoya" uniqKey="Hashimoto N" first="Naoya" last="Hashimoto">Naoya Hashimoto</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabado, Nada" sort="Jabado, Nada" uniqKey="Jabado N" first="Nada" last="Jabado">Nada Jabado</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Alexander G" sort="Weil, Alexander G" uniqKey="Weil A" first="Alexander G" last="Weil">Alexander G. Weil</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gayden, Tenzin" sort="Gayden, Tenzin" uniqKey="Gayden T" first="Tenzin" last="Gayden">Tenzin Gayden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wataya, Takafumi" sort="Wataya, Takafumi" uniqKey="Wataya T" first="Takafumi" last="Wataya">Takafumi Wataya</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalaby, Tarek" sort="Shalaby, Tarek" uniqKey="Shalaby T" first="Tarek" last="Shalaby">Tarek Shalaby</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grotzer, Michael" sort="Grotzer, Michael" uniqKey="Grotzer M" first="Michael" last="Grotzer">Michael Grotzer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitterbart, Karel" sort="Zitterbart, Karel" uniqKey="Zitterbart K" first="Karel" last="Zitterbart">Karel Zitterbart</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sterba, Jaroslav" sort="Sterba, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Sterba J" first="Jaroslav" last="Sterba">Jaroslav Sterba</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kren, Leos" sort="Kren, Leos" uniqKey="Kren L" first="Leos" last="Kren">Leos Kren</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hortobagyi, Tibor" sort="Hortobagyi, Tibor" uniqKey="Hortobagyi T" first="Tibor" last="Hortobágyi">Tibor Hortobágyi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klekner, Almos" sort="Klekner, Almos" uniqKey="Klekner A" first="Almos" last="Klekner">Almos Klekner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laszl, Bognar" sort="Laszl, Bognar" uniqKey="Laszl B" first="Bognár" last="Lászl">Bognár Lászl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Cza, Timea" sort="P Cza, Timea" uniqKey="P Cza T" first="Tímea" last="P Cza">Tímea P Cza</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Peter" sort="Hauser, Peter" uniqKey="Hauser P" first="Peter" last="Hauser">Peter Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuller, Ulrich" sort="Schuller, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schuller U" first="Ulrich" last="Schüller">Ulrich Schüller</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Shin" sort="Jung, Shin" uniqKey="Jung S" first="Shin" last="Jung">Shin Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Woo Youl" sort="Jang, Woo Youl" uniqKey="Jang W" first="Woo-Youl" last="Jang">Woo-Youl Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, Pim J" sort="French, Pim J" uniqKey="French P" first="Pim J" last="French">Pim J. French</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kros, Johan M" sort="Kros, Johan M" uniqKey="Kros J" first="Johan M" last="Kros">Johan M. Kros</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" sort="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" uniqKey="Van Veelen M" first="Marie-Lise C" last="Van Veelen">Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massimi, Luca" sort="Massimi, Luca" uniqKey="Massimi L" first="Luca" last="Massimi">Luca Massimi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leonard, Jeffrey R" sort="Leonard, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="Leonard J" first="Jeffrey R" last="Leonard">Jeffrey R. Leonard</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubin, Joshua B" sort="Rubin, Joshua B" uniqKey="Rubin J" first="Joshua B" last="Rubin">Joshua B. Rubin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vibhakar, Rajeev" sort="Vibhakar, Rajeev" uniqKey="Vibhakar R" first="Rajeev" last="Vibhakar">Rajeev Vibhakar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambless, Lola B" sort="Chambless, Lola B" uniqKey="Chambless L" first="Lola B" last="Chambless">Lola B. Chambless</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Michael K" sort="Cooper, Michael K" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="Michael K" last="Cooper">Michael K. Cooper</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Reid C" sort="Thompson, Reid C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Reid C" last="Thompson">Reid C. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Claudia C" sort="Faria, Claudia C" uniqKey="Faria C" first="Claudia C" last="Faria">Claudia C. Faria</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Alice" sort="Carvalho, Alice" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Alice" last="Carvalho">Alice Carvalho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Sofia" sort="Nunes, Sofia" uniqKey="Nunes S" first="Sofia" last="Nunes">Sofia Nunes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimentel, Jose" sort="Pimentel, Jose" uniqKey="Pimentel J" first="José" last="Pimentel">José Pimentel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Xing" sort="Fan, Xing" uniqKey="Fan X" first="Xing" last="Fan">Xing Fan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muraszko, Karin M" sort="Muraszko, Karin M" uniqKey="Muraszko K" first="Karin M" last="Muraszko">Karin M. Muraszko</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" sort="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" uniqKey="L Pez Aguilar E" first="Enrique" last="L Pez-Aguilar">Enrique L Pez-Aguilar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyden, David" sort="Lyden, David" uniqKey="Lyden D" first="David" last="Lyden">David Lyden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garzia, Livia" sort="Garzia, Livia" uniqKey="Garzia L" first="Livia" last="Garzia">Livia Garzia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, David J H" sort="Shih, David J H" uniqKey="Shih D" first="David J H" last="Shih">David J H. Shih</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kijima, Noriyuki" sort="Kijima, Noriyuki" uniqKey="Kijima N" first="Noriyuki" last="Kijima">Noriyuki Kijima</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Christian" sort="Schneider, Christian" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Christian" last="Schneider">Christian Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adamski, Jennifer" sort="Adamski, Jennifer" uniqKey="Adamski J" first="Jennifer" last="Adamski">Jennifer Adamski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Northcott, Paul A" sort="Northcott, Paul A" uniqKey="Northcott P" first="Paul A" last="Northcott">Paul A. Northcott</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kool, Marcel" sort="Kool, Marcel" uniqKey="Kool M" first="Marcel" last="Kool">Marcel Kool</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, David T W" sort="Jones, David T W" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David T W" last="Jones">David T W. Jones</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jennifer A" sort="Chan, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jennifer A" last="Chan">Jennifer A. Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Ana" sort="Nikolic, Ana" uniqKey="Nikolic A" first="Ana" last="Nikolic">Ana Nikolic</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garre, Maria Luisa" sort="Garre, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Garre M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Garre">Maria Luisa Garre</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meir, Erwin G" sort="Van Meir, Erwin G" uniqKey="Van Meir E" first="Erwin G" last="Van Meir">Erwin G. Van Meir</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osuka, Satoru" sort="Osuka, Satoru" uniqKey="Osuka S" first="Satoru" last="Osuka">Satoru Osuka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olson, Jeffrey J" sort="Olson, Jeffrey J" uniqKey="Olson J" first="Jeffrey J" last="Olson">Jeffrey J. Olson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahangiri, Arman" sort="Jahangiri, Arman" uniqKey="Jahangiri A" first="Arman" last="Jahangiri">Arman Jahangiri</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Brandyn A" sort="Castro, Brandyn A" uniqKey="Castro B" first="Brandyn A" last="Castro">Brandyn A. Castro</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Nalin" sort="Gupta, Nalin" uniqKey="Gupta N" first="Nalin" last="Gupta">Nalin Gupta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, William A" sort="Weiss, William A" uniqKey="Weiss W" first="William A" last="Weiss">William A. Weiss</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moxon Emre, Iska" sort="Moxon Emre, Iska" uniqKey="Moxon Emre I" first="Iska" last="Moxon-Emre">Iska Moxon-Emre</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mabbott, Donald J" sort="Mabbott, Donald J" uniqKey="Mabbott D" first="Donald J" last="Mabbott">Donald J. Mabbott</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lassaletta, Alvaro" sort="Lassaletta, Alvaro" uniqKey="Lassaletta A" first="Alvaro" last="Lassaletta">Alvaro Lassaletta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Cynthia E" sort="Hawkins, Cynthia E" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Cynthia E" last="Hawkins">Cynthia E. Hawkins</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabori, Uri" sort="Tabori, Uri" uniqKey="Tabori U" first="Uri" last="Tabori">Uri Tabori</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drake, James" sort="Drake, James" uniqKey="Drake J" first="James" last="Drake">James Drake</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Abhaya" sort="Kulkarni, Abhaya" uniqKey="Kulkarni A" first="Abhaya" last="Kulkarni">Abhaya Kulkarni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dirks, Peter" sort="Dirks, Peter" uniqKey="Dirks P" first="Peter" last="Dirks">Peter Dirks</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rutka, James T" sort="Rutka, James T" uniqKey="Rutka J" first="James T" last="Rutka">James T. Rutka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korshunov, Andrey" sort="Korshunov, Andrey" uniqKey="Korshunov A" first="Andrey" last="Korshunov">Andrey Korshunov</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Stefan M" sort="Pfister, Stefan M" uniqKey="Pfister S" first="Stefan M" last="Pfister">Stefan M. Pfister</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packer, Roger J" sort="Packer, Roger J" uniqKey="Packer R" first="Roger J" last="Packer">Roger J. Packer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramaswamy, Vijay" sort="Ramaswamy, Vijay" uniqKey="Ramaswamy V" first="Vijay" last="Ramaswamy">Vijay Ramaswamy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael D" sort="Taylor, Michael D" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael D" last="Taylor">Michael D. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26976201</idno><idno type="pmid">26976201</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002047</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002047</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.</title><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Eric M" sort="Thompson, Eric M" uniqKey="Thompson E" first="Eric M" last="Thompson">Eric M. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hielscher, Thomas" sort="Hielscher, Thomas" uniqKey="Hielscher T" first="Thomas" last="Hielscher">Thomas Hielscher</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouffet, Eric" sort="Bouffet, Eric" uniqKey="Bouffet E" first="Eric" last="Bouffet">Eric Bouffet</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Remke, Marc" sort="Remke, Marc" uniqKey="Remke M" first="Marc" last="Remke">Marc Remke</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luu, Betty" sort="Luu, Betty" uniqKey="Luu B" first="Betty" last="Luu">Betty Luu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gururangan, Sridharan" sort="Gururangan, Sridharan" uniqKey="Gururangan S" first="Sridharan" last="Gururangan">Sridharan Gururangan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mclendon, Roger E" sort="Mclendon, Roger E" uniqKey="Mclendon R" first="Roger E" last="Mclendon">Roger E. Mclendon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bigner, Darell D" sort="Bigner, Darell D" uniqKey="Bigner D" first="Darell D" last="Bigner">Darell D. Bigner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Eric S" sort="Lipp, Eric S" uniqKey="Lipp E" first="Eric S" last="Lipp">Eric S. Lipp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perreault, Sebastien" sort="Perreault, Sebastien" uniqKey="Perreault S" first="Sebastien" last="Perreault">Sebastien Perreault</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Yoon Jae" sort="Cho, Yoon Jae" uniqKey="Cho Y" first="Yoon-Jae" last="Cho">Yoon-Jae Cho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grant, Gerald" sort="Grant, Gerald" uniqKey="Grant G" first="Gerald" last="Grant">Gerald Grant</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Seung Ki" sort="Kim, Seung Ki" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Seung-Ki" last="Kim">Seung-Ki Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Ji Yeoun" sort="Lee, Ji Yeoun" uniqKey="Lee J" first="Ji Yeoun" last="Lee">Ji Yeoun Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" sort="Rao, Amulya A Nageswara" uniqKey="Rao A" first="Amulya A Nageswara" last="Rao">Amulya A Nageswara Rao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giannini, Caterina" sort="Giannini, Caterina" uniqKey="Giannini C" first="Caterina" last="Giannini">Caterina Giannini</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Kay Ka Wai" sort="Li, Kay Ka Wai" uniqKey="Li K" first="Kay Ka Wai" last="Li">Kay Ka Wai Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ng, Ho Keung" sort="Ng, Ho Keung" uniqKey="Ng H" first="Ho-Keung" last="Ng">Ho-Keung Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yao, Yu" sort="Yao, Yu" uniqKey="Yao Y" first="Yu" last="Yao">Yu Yao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumabe, Toshihiro" sort="Kumabe, Toshihiro" uniqKey="Kumabe T" first="Toshihiro" last="Kumabe">Toshihiro Kumabe</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tominaga, Teiji" sort="Tominaga, Teiji" uniqKey="Tominaga T" first="Teiji" last="Tominaga">Teiji Tominaga</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" sort="Grajkowska, Wieslawa A" uniqKey="Grajkowska W" first="Wieslawa A" last="Grajkowska">Wieslawa A. Grajkowska</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perek Polnik, Marta" sort="Perek Polnik, Marta" uniqKey="Perek Polnik M" first="Marta" last="Perek-Polnik">Marta Perek-Polnik</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Low, David C Y" sort="Low, David C Y" uniqKey="Low D" first="David C Y" last="Low">David C Y. Low</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seow, Wan Tew" sort="Seow, Wan Tew" uniqKey="Seow W" first="Wan Tew" last="Seow">Wan Tew Seow</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Kenneth T E" sort="Chang, Kenneth T E" uniqKey="Chang K" first="Kenneth T E" last="Chang">Kenneth T E. Chang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mora, Jaume" sort="Mora, Jaume" uniqKey="Mora J" first="Jaume" last="Mora">Jaume Mora</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pollack, Ian F" sort="Pollack, Ian F" uniqKey="Pollack I" first="Ian F" last="Pollack">Ian F. Pollack</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, Ronald L" sort="Hamilton, Ronald L" uniqKey="Hamilton R" first="Ronald L" last="Hamilton">Ronald L. Hamilton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leary, Sarah" sort="Leary, Sarah" uniqKey="Leary S" first="Sarah" last="Leary">Sarah Leary</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Andrew S" sort="Moore, Andrew S" uniqKey="Moore A" first="Andrew S" last="Moore">Andrew S. Moore</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingram, Wendy J" sort="Ingram, Wendy J" uniqKey="Ingram W" first="Wendy J" last="Ingram">Wendy J. Ingram</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallahan, Andrew R" sort="Hallahan, Andrew R" uniqKey="Hallahan A" first="Andrew R" last="Hallahan">Andrew R. Hallahan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jouvet, Anne" sort="Jouvet, Anne" uniqKey="Jouvet A" first="Anne" last="Jouvet">Anne Jouvet</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fevre Montange, Michelle" sort="Fevre Montange, Michelle" uniqKey="Fevre Montange M" first="Michelle" last="Fèvre-Montange">Michelle Fèvre-Montange</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" sort="Vasiljevic, Alexandre" uniqKey="Vasiljevic A" first="Alexandre" last="Vasiljevic">Alexandre Vasiljevic</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faure Conter, Cecile" sort="Faure Conter, Cecile" uniqKey="Faure Conter C" first="Cecile" last="Faure-Conter">Cecile Faure-Conter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shofuda, Tomoko" sort="Shofuda, Tomoko" uniqKey="Shofuda T" first="Tomoko" last="Shofuda">Tomoko Shofuda</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kagawa, Naoki" sort="Kagawa, Naoki" uniqKey="Kagawa N" first="Naoki" last="Kagawa">Naoki Kagawa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hashimoto, Naoya" sort="Hashimoto, Naoya" uniqKey="Hashimoto N" first="Naoya" last="Hashimoto">Naoya Hashimoto</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jabado, Nada" sort="Jabado, Nada" uniqKey="Jabado N" first="Nada" last="Jabado">Nada Jabado</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Alexander G" sort="Weil, Alexander G" uniqKey="Weil A" first="Alexander G" last="Weil">Alexander G. Weil</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gayden, Tenzin" sort="Gayden, Tenzin" uniqKey="Gayden T" first="Tenzin" last="Gayden">Tenzin Gayden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wataya, Takafumi" sort="Wataya, Takafumi" uniqKey="Wataya T" first="Takafumi" last="Wataya">Takafumi Wataya</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalaby, Tarek" sort="Shalaby, Tarek" uniqKey="Shalaby T" first="Tarek" last="Shalaby">Tarek Shalaby</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grotzer, Michael" sort="Grotzer, Michael" uniqKey="Grotzer M" first="Michael" last="Grotzer">Michael Grotzer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitterbart, Karel" sort="Zitterbart, Karel" uniqKey="Zitterbart K" first="Karel" last="Zitterbart">Karel Zitterbart</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sterba, Jaroslav" sort="Sterba, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Sterba J" first="Jaroslav" last="Sterba">Jaroslav Sterba</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kren, Leos" sort="Kren, Leos" uniqKey="Kren L" first="Leos" last="Kren">Leos Kren</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hortobagyi, Tibor" sort="Hortobagyi, Tibor" uniqKey="Hortobagyi T" first="Tibor" last="Hortobágyi">Tibor Hortobágyi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klekner, Almos" sort="Klekner, Almos" uniqKey="Klekner A" first="Almos" last="Klekner">Almos Klekner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laszl, Bognar" sort="Laszl, Bognar" uniqKey="Laszl B" first="Bognár" last="Lászl">Bognár Lászl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="P Cza, Timea" sort="P Cza, Timea" uniqKey="P Cza T" first="Tímea" last="P Cza">Tímea P Cza</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Peter" sort="Hauser, Peter" uniqKey="Hauser P" first="Peter" last="Hauser">Peter Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schuller, Ulrich" sort="Schuller, Ulrich" uniqKey="Schuller U" first="Ulrich" last="Schüller">Ulrich Schüller</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, Shin" sort="Jung, Shin" uniqKey="Jung S" first="Shin" last="Jung">Shin Jung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jang, Woo Youl" sort="Jang, Woo Youl" uniqKey="Jang W" first="Woo-Youl" last="Jang">Woo-Youl Jang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="French, Pim J" sort="French, Pim J" uniqKey="French P" first="Pim J" last="French">Pim J. French</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kros, Johan M" sort="Kros, Johan M" uniqKey="Kros J" first="Johan M" last="Kros">Johan M. Kros</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" sort="Van Veelen, Marie Lise C" uniqKey="Van Veelen M" first="Marie-Lise C" last="Van Veelen">Marie-Lise C. Van Veelen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Massimi, Luca" sort="Massimi, Luca" uniqKey="Massimi L" first="Luca" last="Massimi">Luca Massimi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leonard, Jeffrey R" sort="Leonard, Jeffrey R" uniqKey="Leonard J" first="Jeffrey R" last="Leonard">Jeffrey R. Leonard</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubin, Joshua B" sort="Rubin, Joshua B" uniqKey="Rubin J" first="Joshua B" last="Rubin">Joshua B. Rubin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vibhakar, Rajeev" sort="Vibhakar, Rajeev" uniqKey="Vibhakar R" first="Rajeev" last="Vibhakar">Rajeev Vibhakar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chambless, Lola B" sort="Chambless, Lola B" uniqKey="Chambless L" first="Lola B" last="Chambless">Lola B. Chambless</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cooper, Michael K" sort="Cooper, Michael K" uniqKey="Cooper M" first="Michael K" last="Cooper">Michael K. Cooper</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Reid C" sort="Thompson, Reid C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Reid C" last="Thompson">Reid C. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Claudia C" sort="Faria, Claudia C" uniqKey="Faria C" first="Claudia C" last="Faria">Claudia C. Faria</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Alice" sort="Carvalho, Alice" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Alice" last="Carvalho">Alice Carvalho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nunes, Sofia" sort="Nunes, Sofia" uniqKey="Nunes S" first="Sofia" last="Nunes">Sofia Nunes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pimentel, Jose" sort="Pimentel, Jose" uniqKey="Pimentel J" first="José" last="Pimentel">José Pimentel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fan, Xing" sort="Fan, Xing" uniqKey="Fan X" first="Xing" last="Fan">Xing Fan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muraszko, Karin M" sort="Muraszko, Karin M" uniqKey="Muraszko K" first="Karin M" last="Muraszko">Karin M. Muraszko</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" sort="L Pez Aguilar, Enrique" uniqKey="L Pez Aguilar E" first="Enrique" last="L Pez-Aguilar">Enrique L Pez-Aguilar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyden, David" sort="Lyden, David" uniqKey="Lyden D" first="David" last="Lyden">David Lyden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garzia, Livia" sort="Garzia, Livia" uniqKey="Garzia L" first="Livia" last="Garzia">Livia Garzia</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shih, David J H" sort="Shih, David J H" uniqKey="Shih D" first="David J H" last="Shih">David J H. Shih</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kijima, Noriyuki" sort="Kijima, Noriyuki" uniqKey="Kijima N" first="Noriyuki" last="Kijima">Noriyuki Kijima</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Christian" sort="Schneider, Christian" uniqKey="Schneider C" first="Christian" last="Schneider">Christian Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adamski, Jennifer" sort="Adamski, Jennifer" uniqKey="Adamski J" first="Jennifer" last="Adamski">Jennifer Adamski</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Northcott, Paul A" sort="Northcott, Paul A" uniqKey="Northcott P" first="Paul A" last="Northcott">Paul A. Northcott</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kool, Marcel" sort="Kool, Marcel" uniqKey="Kool M" first="Marcel" last="Kool">Marcel Kool</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, David T W" sort="Jones, David T W" uniqKey="Jones D" first="David T W" last="Jones">David T W. Jones</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jennifer A" sort="Chan, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jennifer A" last="Chan">Jennifer A. Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nikolic, Ana" sort="Nikolic, Ana" uniqKey="Nikolic A" first="Ana" last="Nikolic">Ana Nikolic</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garre, Maria Luisa" sort="Garre, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Garre M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Garre">Maria Luisa Garre</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Meir, Erwin G" sort="Van Meir, Erwin G" uniqKey="Van Meir E" first="Erwin G" last="Van Meir">Erwin G. Van Meir</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osuka, Satoru" sort="Osuka, Satoru" uniqKey="Osuka S" first="Satoru" last="Osuka">Satoru Osuka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olson, Jeffrey J" sort="Olson, Jeffrey J" uniqKey="Olson J" first="Jeffrey J" last="Olson">Jeffrey J. Olson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahangiri, Arman" sort="Jahangiri, Arman" uniqKey="Jahangiri A" first="Arman" last="Jahangiri">Arman Jahangiri</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Brandyn A" sort="Castro, Brandyn A" uniqKey="Castro B" first="Brandyn A" last="Castro">Brandyn A. Castro</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Nalin" sort="Gupta, Nalin" uniqKey="Gupta N" first="Nalin" last="Gupta">Nalin Gupta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, William A" sort="Weiss, William A" uniqKey="Weiss W" first="William A" last="Weiss">William A. Weiss</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moxon Emre, Iska" sort="Moxon Emre, Iska" uniqKey="Moxon Emre I" first="Iska" last="Moxon-Emre">Iska Moxon-Emre</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mabbott, Donald J" sort="Mabbott, Donald J" uniqKey="Mabbott D" first="Donald J" last="Mabbott">Donald J. Mabbott</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lassaletta, Alvaro" sort="Lassaletta, Alvaro" uniqKey="Lassaletta A" first="Alvaro" last="Lassaletta">Alvaro Lassaletta</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Cynthia E" sort="Hawkins, Cynthia E" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Cynthia E" last="Hawkins">Cynthia E. Hawkins</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabori, Uri" sort="Tabori, Uri" uniqKey="Tabori U" first="Uri" last="Tabori">Uri Tabori</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drake, James" sort="Drake, James" uniqKey="Drake J" first="James" last="Drake">James Drake</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulkarni, Abhaya" sort="Kulkarni, Abhaya" uniqKey="Kulkarni A" first="Abhaya" last="Kulkarni">Abhaya Kulkarni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dirks, Peter" sort="Dirks, Peter" uniqKey="Dirks P" first="Peter" last="Dirks">Peter Dirks</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rutka, James T" sort="Rutka, James T" uniqKey="Rutka J" first="James T" last="Rutka">James T. Rutka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korshunov, Andrey" sort="Korshunov, Andrey" uniqKey="Korshunov A" first="Andrey" last="Korshunov">Andrey Korshunov</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Stefan M" sort="Pfister, Stefan M" uniqKey="Pfister S" first="Stefan M" last="Pfister">Stefan M. Pfister</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Packer, Roger J" sort="Packer, Roger J" uniqKey="Packer R" first="Roger J" last="Packer">Roger J. Packer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramaswamy, Vijay" sort="Ramaswamy, Vijay" uniqKey="Ramaswamy V" first="Vijay" last="Ramaswamy">Vijay Ramaswamy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Michael D" sort="Taylor, Michael D" uniqKey="Taylor M" first="Michael D" last="Taylor">Michael D. Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Lancet. Oncology</title><idno type="eISSN">1474-5488</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (classification)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (genetics)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (pathology)</term><term>Brain Neoplasms (surgery)</term><term>Canada</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Combined Modality Therapy</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Medulloblastoma (classification)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (genetics)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (pathology)</term><term>Medulloblastoma (surgery)</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="surgery" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Neoplasms</term><term>Medulloblastoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Canada</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Combined Modality Therapy</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</term><term>Male</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26976201</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1474-5488</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>17</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Lancet. Oncology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Lancet Oncol.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Prognostic value of medulloblastoma extent of resection after accounting for molecular subgroup: a retrospective integrated clinical and molecular analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>484-95</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1470-2045(15)00581-1</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Patients with incomplete surgical resection of medulloblastoma are controversially regarded as having a marker of high-risk disease, which leads to patients undergoing aggressive surgical resections, so-called second-look surgeries, and intensified chemoradiotherapy. All previous studies assessing the clinical importance of extent of resection have not accounted for molecular subgroup. We analysed the prognostic value of extent of resection in a subgroup-specific manner.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We retrospectively identified patients who had a histological diagnosis of medulloblastoma and complete data about extent of resection and survival from centres participating in the Medulloblastoma Advanced Genomics International Consortium. We collected from resections done between April, 1997, and February, 2013, at 35 international institutions. We established medulloblastoma subgroup affiliation by gene expression profiling on frozen or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. We classified extent of resection on the basis of postoperative imaging as gross total resection (no residual tumour), near-total resection (<1·5 cm(2) tumour remaining), or sub-total resection (≥1·5 cm(2) tumour remaining). We did multivariable analyses of overall survival and progression-free survival using the variables molecular subgroup (WNT, SHH, group 4, and group 3), age (<3 vs ≥3 years old), metastatic status (metastases vs no metastases), geographical location of therapy (North America/Australia vs rest of the world), receipt of chemotherapy (yes vs no) and receipt of craniospinal irradiation (<30 Gy or >30 Gy vs no craniospinal irradiation). The primary analysis outcome was the effect of extent of resection by molecular subgroup and the effects of other clinical variables on overall and progression-free survival.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FINDINGS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We included 787 patients with medulloblastoma (86 with WNT tumours, 242 with SHH tumours, 163 with group 3 tumours, and 296 with group 4 tumours) in our multivariable Cox models of progression-free and overall survival. We found that the prognostic benefit of increased extent of resection for patients with medulloblastoma is attenuated after molecular subgroup affiliation is taken into account. We identified a progression-free survival benefit for gross total resection over sub-total resection (hazard ratio [HR] 1·45, 95% CI 1·07-1·96, p=0·16) but no overall survival benefit (HR 1·23, 0·87-1·72, p=0·24). We saw no progression-free survival or overall survival benefit for gross total resection compared with near-total resection (HR 1·05, 0·71-1·53, p=0·8158 for progression-free survival and HR 1·14, 0·75-1·72, p=0·55 for overall survival). No significant survival benefit existed for greater extent of resection for patients with WNT, SHH, or group 3 tumours (HR 1·03, 0·67-1·58, p=0·89 for sub-total resection vs gross total resection). For patients with group 4 tumours, gross total resection conferred a benefit to progression-free survival compared with sub-total resection (HR 1·97, 1·22-3·17, p=0·0056), especially for those with metastatic disease (HR 2·22, 1·00-4·93, p=0·050). However, gross total resection had no effect on overall survival compared with sub-total resection in patients with group 4 tumours (HR 1·67, 0·93-2·99, p=0·084).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INTERPRETATION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">The prognostic benefit of increased extent of resection for patients with medulloblastoma is attenuated after molecular subgroup affiliation is taken into account. Although maximum safe surgical resection should remain the standard of care, surgical removal of small residual portions of medulloblastoma is not recommended when the likelihood of neurological morbidity is high because there is no definitive benefit to gross total resection compared with near-total resection.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FUNDING" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute, Terry Fox Research Institute, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, National Institutes of Health, Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation, and the Garron Family Chair in Childhood Cancer Research.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thompson</LastName><ForeName>Eric M</ForeName><Initials>EM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hielscher</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouffet</LastName><ForeName>Eric</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Remke</LastName><ForeName>Marc</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luu</LastName><ForeName>Betty</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gururangan</LastName><ForeName>Sridharan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McLendon</LastName><ForeName>Roger E</ForeName><Initials>RE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bigner</LastName><ForeName>Darell D</ForeName><Initials>DD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lipp</LastName><ForeName>Eric S</ForeName><Initials>ES</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perreault</LastName><ForeName>Sebastien</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Child Neurology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cho</LastName><ForeName>Yoon-Jae</ForeName><Initials>YJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grant</LastName><ForeName>Gerald</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Lucille Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kim</LastName><ForeName>Seung-Ki</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Ji Yeoun</ForeName><Initials>JY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rao</LastName><ForeName>Amulya A Nageswara</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giannini</LastName><ForeName>Caterina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Kay Ka Wai</ForeName><Initials>KK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ng</LastName><ForeName>Ho-Keung</ForeName><Initials>HK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yao</LastName><ForeName>Yu</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kumabe</LastName><ForeName>Toshihiro</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tominaga</LastName><ForeName>Teiji</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grajkowska</LastName><ForeName>Wieslawa A</ForeName><Initials>WA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perek-Polnik</LastName><ForeName>Marta</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Low</LastName><ForeName>David C Y</ForeName><Initials>DC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seow</LastName><ForeName>Wan Tew</ForeName><Initials>WT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Neurosurgical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chang</LastName><ForeName>Kenneth T E</ForeName><Initials>KT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mora</LastName><ForeName>Jaume</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pollack</LastName><ForeName>Ian F</ForeName><Initials>IF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hamilton</LastName><ForeName>Ronald L</ForeName><Initials>RL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leary</LastName><ForeName>Sarah</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moore</LastName><ForeName>Andrew S</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ingram</LastName><ForeName>Wendy J</ForeName><Initials>WJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hallahan</LastName><ForeName>Andrew R</ForeName><Initials>AR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UQ Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Oncology Service, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jouvet</LastName><ForeName>Anne</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Pathologie EST, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fèvre-Montange</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vasiljevic</LastName><ForeName>Alexandre</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; ONCOFLAM, Neuro-Oncologie et Neuro-Inflammation Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faure-Conter</LastName><ForeName>Cecile</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Lyon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shofuda</LastName><ForeName>Tomoko</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kagawa</LastName><ForeName>Naoki</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hashimoto</LastName><ForeName>Naoya</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jabado</LastName><ForeName>Nada</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Hematology/Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weil</LastName><ForeName>Alexander G</ForeName><Initials>AG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gayden</LastName><ForeName>Tenzin</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wataya</LastName><ForeName>Takafumi</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shalaby</LastName><ForeName>Tarek</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grotzer</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Oncology and Neuro-Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zitterbart</LastName><ForeName>Karel</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sterba</LastName><ForeName>Jaroslav</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Oncology, School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kren</LastName><ForeName>Leos</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hortobágyi</LastName><ForeName>Tibor</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klekner</LastName><ForeName>Almos</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>László</LastName><ForeName>Bognár</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pócza</LastName><ForeName>Tímea</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hauser</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schüller</LastName><ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jung</LastName><ForeName>Shin</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jang</LastName><ForeName>Woo-Youl</ForeName><Initials>WY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Chonnam South Korea.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>French</LastName><ForeName>Pim J</ForeName><Initials>PJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kros</LastName><ForeName>Johan M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Veelen</LastName><ForeName>Marie-Lise C</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Massimi</LastName><ForeName>Luca</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leonard</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey R</ForeName><Initials>JR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rubin</LastName><ForeName>Joshua B</ForeName><Initials>JB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vibhakar</LastName><ForeName>Rajeev</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chambless</LastName><ForeName>Lola B</ForeName><Initials>LB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cooper</LastName><ForeName>Michael K</ForeName><Initials>MK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thompson</LastName><ForeName>Reid C</ForeName><Initials>RC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faria</LastName><ForeName>Claudia C</ForeName><Initials>CC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carvalho</LastName><ForeName>Alice</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Oncologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nunes</LastName><ForeName>Sofia</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unidade de Neuro-Oncologia Pediátrica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pimentel</LastName><ForeName>José</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Divison of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fan</LastName><ForeName>Xing</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muraszko</LastName><ForeName>Karin M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>López-Aguilar</LastName><ForeName>Enrique</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Century XXI, Mexico City, Mexico.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lyden</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garzia</LastName><ForeName>Livia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shih</LastName><ForeName>David J H</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kijima</LastName><ForeName>Noriyuki</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneider</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adamski</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Northcott</LastName><ForeName>Paul A</ForeName><Initials>PA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kool</LastName><ForeName>Marcel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jones</LastName><ForeName>David T W</ForeName><Initials>DT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chan</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nikolic</LastName><ForeName>Ana</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garre</LastName><ForeName>Maria Luisa</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UO Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Van Meir</LastName><ForeName>Erwin G</ForeName><Initials>EG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Osuka</LastName><ForeName>Satoru</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olson</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jahangiri</LastName><ForeName>Arman</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castro</LastName><ForeName>Brandyn A</ForeName><Initials>BA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gupta</LastName><ForeName>Nalin</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weiss</LastName><ForeName>William A</ForeName><Initials>WA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moxon-Emre</LastName><ForeName>Iska</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mabbott</LastName><ForeName>Donald J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lassaletta</LastName><ForeName>Alvaro</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hawkins</LastName><ForeName>Cynthia E</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tabori</LastName><ForeName>Uri</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drake</LastName><ForeName>James</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kulkarni</LastName><ForeName>Abhaya</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dirks</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rutka</LastName><ForeName>James T</ForeName><Initials>JT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Korshunov</LastName><ForeName>Andrey</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pfister</LastName><ForeName>Stefan M</ForeName><Initials>SM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Packer</LastName><ForeName>Roger J</ForeName><Initials>RJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ramaswamy</LastName><ForeName>Vijay</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Taylor</LastName><ForeName>Michael D</ForeName><Initials>MD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: mdtaylor@sickkids.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>P50 CA190991</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA159859</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 NS096236</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA163737</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA148621</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 CA148699</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>F31 CA203372</GrantID><Acronym>CA</Acronym><Agency>NCI NIH 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MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008279" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetic Resonance Imaging</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008527" MajorTopicYN="N">Medulloblastoma</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="Y">classification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011379" MajorTopicYN="Y">Prognosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">NIHMS768539 [Available on 04/01/17]</OtherID><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4907853 [Available on 04/01/17]</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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