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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis</title><author><name sortKey="Beecham, Ashley H" sort="Beecham, Ashley H" uniqKey="Beecham A" first="Ashley H" last="Beecham">Ashley H. Beecham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A" sort="Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A" uniqKey="Patsopoulos N" first="Nikolaos A" last="Patsopoulos">Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xifara, Dionysia K" sort="Xifara, Dionysia K" uniqKey="Xifara D" first="Dionysia K" last="Xifara">Dionysia K. Xifara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Mary F" sort="Davis, Mary F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mary F" last="Davis">Mary F. Davis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kemppinen, Anu" sort="Kemppinen, Anu" uniqKey="Kemppinen A" first="Anu" last="Kemppinen">Anu Kemppinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cotsapas, Chris" sort="Cotsapas, Chris" uniqKey="Cotsapas C" first="Chris" last="Cotsapas">Chris Cotsapas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shahi, Tejas S" sort="Shahi, Tejas S" uniqKey="Shahi T" first="Tejas S" last="Shahi">Tejas S. Shahi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, Chris" sort="Spencer, Chris" uniqKey="Spencer C" first="Chris" last="Spencer">Chris Spencer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Booth, David" sort="Booth, David" uniqKey="Booth D" first="David" last="Booth">David Booth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goris, An" sort="Goris, An" uniqKey="Goris A" first="An" last="Goris">An Goris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oturai, Annette" sort="Oturai, Annette" uniqKey="Oturai A" first="Annette" last="Oturai">Annette Oturai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saarela, Janna" sort="Saarela, Janna" uniqKey="Saarela J" first="Janna" last="Saarela">Janna Saarela</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fontaine, Bertrand" sort="Fontaine, Bertrand" uniqKey="Fontaine B" first="Bertrand" last="Fontaine">Bertrand Fontaine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemmer, Bernhard" sort="Hemmer, Bernhard" uniqKey="Hemmer B" first="Bernhard" last="Hemmer">Bernhard Hemmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Claes" sort="Martin, Claes" uniqKey="Martin C" first="Claes" last="Martin">Claes Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zipp, Frauke" sort="Zipp, Frauke" uniqKey="Zipp F" first="Frauke" last="Zipp">Frauke Zipp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Lfonso, Sandra" sort="D Lfonso, Sandra" uniqKey="D Lfonso S" first="Sandra" last="D Lfonso">Sandra D Lfonso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" sort="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" uniqKey="Martinelli Boneschi F" first="Filippo" last="Martinelli-Boneschi">Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Bruce" sort="Taylor, Bruce" uniqKey="Taylor B" first="Bruce" last="Taylor">Bruce Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harbo, Hanne F" sort="Harbo, Hanne F" uniqKey="Harbo H" first="Hanne F" last="Harbo">Hanne F. Harbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kockum, Ingrid" sort="Kockum, Ingrid" uniqKey="Kockum I" first="Ingrid" last="Kockum">Ingrid Kockum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hillert, Jan" sort="Hillert, Jan" uniqKey="Hillert J" first="Jan" last="Hillert">Jan Hillert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsson, Tomas" sort="Olsson, Tomas" uniqKey="Olsson T" first="Tomas" last="Olsson">Tomas Olsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ban, Maria" sort="Ban, Maria" uniqKey="Ban M" first="Maria" last="Ban">Maria Ban</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oksenberg, Jorge R" sort="Oksenberg, Jorge R" uniqKey="Oksenberg J" first="Jorge R" last="Oksenberg">Jorge R. Oksenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hintzen, Rogier" sort="Hintzen, Rogier" uniqKey="Hintzen R" first="Rogier" last="Hintzen">Rogier Hintzen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barcellos, Lisa F" sort="Barcellos, Lisa F" uniqKey="Barcellos L" first="Lisa F" last="Barcellos">Lisa F. Barcellos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Division of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agliardi, Cristina" sort="Agliardi, Cristina" uniqKey="Agliardi C" first="Cristina" last="Agliardi">Cristina Agliardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS S. Maria Nascente, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alfredsson, Lars" sort="Alfredsson, Lars" uniqKey="Alfredsson L" first="Lars" last="Alfredsson">Lars Alfredsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alizadeh, Mehdi" sort="Alizadeh, Mehdi" uniqKey="Alizadeh M" first="Mehdi" last="Alizadeh">Mehdi Alizadeh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Carl" sort="Anderson, Carl" uniqKey="Anderson C" first="Carl" last="Anderson">Carl Anderson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrews, Robert" sort="Andrews, Robert" uniqKey="Andrews R" first="Robert" last="Andrews">Robert Andrews</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="S Ndergaard, Helle Bach" sort="S Ndergaard, Helle Bach" uniqKey="S Ndergaard H" first="Helle Bach" last="S Ndergaard">Helle Bach S Ndergaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Amie" sort="Baker, Amie" uniqKey="Baker A" first="Amie" last="Baker">Amie Baker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Band, Gavin" sort="Band, Gavin" uniqKey="Band G" first="Gavin" last="Band">Gavin Band</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baranzini, Sergio E" sort="Baranzini, Sergio E" uniqKey="Baranzini S" first="Sergio E" last="Baranzini">Sergio E. Baranzini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barizzone, Nadia" sort="Barizzone, Nadia" uniqKey="Barizzone N" first="Nadia" last="Barizzone">Nadia Barizzone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barrett, Jeffrey" sort="Barrett, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Barrett J" first="Jeffrey" last="Barrett">Jeffrey Barrett</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellenguez, Celine" sort="Bellenguez, Celine" uniqKey="Bellenguez C" first="Céline" last="Bellenguez">Céline Bellenguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergamaschi, Laura" sort="Bergamaschi, Laura" uniqKey="Bergamaschi L" first="Laura" last="Bergamaschi">Laura Bergamaschi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernardinelli, Luisa" sort="Bernardinelli, Luisa" uniqKey="Bernardinelli L" first="Luisa" last="Bernardinelli">Luisa Bernardinelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berthele, Achim" sort="Berthele, Achim" uniqKey="Berthele A" first="Achim" last="Berthele">Achim Berthele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biberacher, Viola" sort="Biberacher, Viola" uniqKey="Biberacher V" first="Viola" last="Biberacher">Viola Biberacher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Binder, Thomas M C" sort="Binder, Thomas M C" uniqKey="Binder T" first="Thomas M C" last="Binder">Thomas M C. Binder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blackburn, Hannah" sort="Blackburn, Hannah" uniqKey="Blackburn H" first="Hannah" last="Blackburn">Hannah Blackburn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bomfim, Izaura L" sort="Bomfim, Izaura L" uniqKey="Bomfim I" first="Izaura L" last="Bomfim">Izaura L. Bomfim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Paola" sort="Brambilla, Paola" uniqKey="Brambilla P" first="Paola" last="Brambilla">Paola Brambilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Broadley, Simon" sort="Broadley, Simon" uniqKey="Broadley S" first="Simon" last="Broadley">Simon Broadley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brochet, Bruno" sort="Brochet, Bruno" uniqKey="Brochet B" first="Bruno" last="Brochet">Bruno Brochet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">CHU Pellegrin, Université Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brundin, Lou" sort="Brundin, Lou" uniqKey="Brundin L" first="Lou" last="Brundin">Lou Brundin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buck, Dorothea" sort="Buck, Dorothea" uniqKey="Buck D" first="Dorothea" last="Buck">Dorothea Buck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Butzkueven, Helmut" sort="Butzkueven, Helmut" uniqKey="Butzkueven H" first="Helmut" last="Butzkueven">Helmut Butzkueven</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">University of Melbourne, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Monash University, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caillier, Stacy J" sort="Caillier, Stacy J" uniqKey="Caillier S" first="Stacy J" last="Caillier">Stacy J. Caillier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camu, William" sort="Camu, William" uniqKey="Camu W" first="William" last="Camu">William Camu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Service de Neurologie, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpentier, Wassila" sort="Carpentier, Wassila" uniqKey="Carpentier W" first="Wassila" last="Carpentier">Wassila Carpentier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Plateforme Post-Génomique P3S, UPMC-INSERM, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavalla, Paola" sort="Cavalla, Paola" uniqKey="Cavalla P" first="Paola" last="Cavalla">Paola Cavalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Neuroscience, MS Center, Azienda ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">University of Turin, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Celius, Elisabeth G" sort="Celius, Elisabeth G" uniqKey="Celius E" first="Elisabeth G" last="Celius">Elisabeth G. Celius</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coman, Irene" sort="Coman, Irene" uniqKey="Coman I" first="Irène" last="Coman">Irène Coman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comi, Giancarlo" sort="Comi, Giancarlo" uniqKey="Comi G" first="Giancarlo" last="Comi">Giancarlo Comi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corrado, Lucia" sort="Corrado, Lucia" uniqKey="Corrado L" first="Lucia" last="Corrado">Lucia Corrado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cosemans, Leentje" sort="Cosemans, Leentje" uniqKey="Cosemans L" first="Leentje" last="Cosemans">Leentje Cosemans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cournu Rebeix, Isabelle" sort="Cournu Rebeix, Isabelle" uniqKey="Cournu Rebeix I" first="Isabelle" last="Cournu-Rebeix">Isabelle Cournu-Rebeix</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cree, Bruce A C" sort="Cree, Bruce A C" uniqKey="Cree B" first="Bruce A C" last="Cree">Bruce A C. Cree</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cusi, Daniele" sort="Cusi, Daniele" uniqKey="Cusi D" first="Daniele" last="Cusi">Daniele Cusi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital and Filarete Foundation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Damotte, Vincent" sort="Damotte, Vincent" uniqKey="Damotte V" first="Vincent" last="Damotte">Vincent Damotte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defer, Gilles" sort="Defer, Gilles" uniqKey="Defer G" first="Gilles" last="Defer">Gilles Defer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Service de Neurologie, CHU de Caen and INSERM U 919-GIP Cyceron, Caen, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delgado, Silvia R" sort="Delgado, Silvia R" uniqKey="Delgado S" first="Silvia R" last="Delgado">Silvia R. Delgado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Sapio, Alessia" sort="Di Sapio, Alessia" uniqKey="Di Sapio A" first="Alessia" last="Di Sapio">Alessia Di Sapio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Neurologia 2 - CRESM, AOU San Luigi, Orbassano, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dilthey, Alexander T" sort="Dilthey, Alexander T" uniqKey="Dilthey A" first="Alexander T" last="Dilthey">Alexander T. Dilthey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donnelly, Peter" sort="Donnelly, Peter" uniqKey="Donnelly P" first="Peter" last="Donnelly">Peter Donnelly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dubois, Benedicte" sort="Dubois, Benedicte" uniqKey="Dubois B" first="Bénédicte" last="Dubois">Bénédicte Dubois</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duddy, Martin" sort="Duddy, Martin" uniqKey="Duddy M" first="Martin" last="Duddy">Martin Duddy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edkins, Sarah" sort="Edkins, Sarah" uniqKey="Edkins S" first="Sarah" last="Edkins">Sarah Edkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elovaara, Irina" sort="Elovaara, Irina" uniqKey="Elovaara I" first="Irina" last="Elovaara">Irina Elovaara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Neurology, University of Tampere, Medical School, Tampere, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esposito, Federica" sort="Esposito, Federica" uniqKey="Esposito F" first="Federica" last="Esposito">Federica Esposito</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evangelou, Nikos" sort="Evangelou, Nikos" uniqKey="Evangelou N" first="Nikos" last="Evangelou">Nikos Evangelou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Division of Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fiddes, Barnaby" sort="Fiddes, Barnaby" uniqKey="Fiddes B" first="Barnaby" last="Fiddes">Barnaby Fiddes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Field, Judith" sort="Field, Judith" uniqKey="Field J" first="Judith" last="Field">Judith Field</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Andre" sort="Franke, Andre" uniqKey="Franke A" first="Andre" last="Franke">Andre Franke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, Colin" sort="Freeman, Colin" uniqKey="Freeman C" first="Colin" last="Freeman">Colin Freeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frohlich, Irene Y" sort="Frohlich, Irene Y" uniqKey="Frohlich I" first="Irene Y" last="Frohlich">Irene Y. Frohlich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galimberti, Daniela" sort="Galimberti, Daniela" uniqKey="Galimberti D" first="Daniela" last="Galimberti">Daniela Galimberti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Neurology Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">KORAgen, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gourraud, Pierre Antoine" sort="Gourraud, Pierre Antoine" uniqKey="Gourraud P" first="Pierre-Antoine" last="Gourraud">Pierre-Antoine Gourraud</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graetz, Christiane" sort="Graetz, Christiane" uniqKey="Graetz C" first="Christiane" last="Graetz">Christiane Graetz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graham, Andrew" sort="Graham, Andrew" uniqKey="Graham A" first="Andrew" last="Graham">Andrew Graham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Clinical Neurology, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grummel, Verena" sort="Grummel, Verena" uniqKey="Grummel V" first="Verena" last="Grummel">Verena Grummel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guaschino, Clara" sort="Guaschino, Clara" uniqKey="Guaschino C" first="Clara" last="Guaschino">Clara Guaschino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadjixenofontos, Athena" sort="Hadjixenofontos, Athena" uniqKey="Hadjixenofontos A" first="Athena" last="Hadjixenofontos">Athena Hadjixenofontos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Halfpenny, Christopher" sort="Halfpenny, Christopher" uniqKey="Halfpenny C" first="Christopher" last="Halfpenny">Christopher Halfpenny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Gillian" sort="Hall, Gillian" uniqKey="Hall G" first="Gillian" last="Hall">Gillian Hall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Neurology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Per" sort="Hall, Per" uniqKey="Hall P" first="Per" last="Hall">Per Hall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamsten, Anders" sort="Hamsten, Anders" uniqKey="Hamsten A" first="Anders" last="Hamsten">Anders Hamsten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harley, James" sort="Harley, James" uniqKey="Harley J" first="James" last="Harley">James Harley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrower, Timothy" sort="Harrower, Timothy" uniqKey="Harrower T" first="Timothy" last="Harrower">Timothy Harrower</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Neurology, Royal Devon and Exeter Foundaton Trust Hospital, Exeter, Devon, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Clive" sort="Hawkins, Clive" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Clive" last="Hawkins">Clive Hawkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Keele University Medical School, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellenthal, Garrett" sort="Hellenthal, Garrett" uniqKey="Hellenthal G" first="Garrett" last="Hellenthal">Garrett Hellenthal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">UCL Genetics Institute (UGI), University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hillier, Charles" sort="Hillier, Charles" uniqKey="Hillier C" first="Charles" last="Hillier">Charles Hillier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Department of Neurology, Poole General Hospital, Poole, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hobart, Jeremy" sort="Hobart, Jeremy" uniqKey="Hobart J" first="Jeremy" last="Hobart">Jeremy Hobart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoshi, Muni" sort="Hoshi, Muni" uniqKey="Hoshi M" first="Muni" last="Hoshi">Muni Hoshi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hunt, Sarah E" sort="Hunt, Sarah E" uniqKey="Hunt S" first="Sarah E" last="Hunt">Sarah E. Hunt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jagodic, Maja" sort="Jagodic, Maja" uniqKey="Jagodic M" first="Maja" last="Jagodic">Maja Jagodic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jel I, Ilijas" sort="Jel I, Ilijas" uniqKey="Jel I I" first="Ilijas" last="Jel I">Ilijas Jel I</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jochim, Angela" sort="Jochim, Angela" uniqKey="Jochim A" first="Angela" last="Jochim">Angela Jochim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendall, Brian" sort="Kendall, Brian" uniqKey="Kendall B" first="Brian" last="Kendall">Brian Kendall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neurology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kermode, Allan" sort="Kermode, Allan" uniqKey="Kermode A" first="Allan" last="Kermode">Allan Kermode</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Australian Neuromuscular Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kilpatrick, Trevor" sort="Kilpatrick, Trevor" uniqKey="Kilpatrick T" first="Trevor" last="Kilpatrick">Trevor Kilpatrick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Melbourne Neuroscience Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koivisto, Keijo" sort="Koivisto, Keijo" uniqKey="Koivisto K" first="Keijo" last="Koivisto">Keijo Koivisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Department of Neurology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konidari, Ioanna" sort="Konidari, Ioanna" uniqKey="Konidari I" first="Ioanna" last="Konidari">Ioanna Konidari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korn, Thomas" sort="Korn, Thomas" uniqKey="Korn T" first="Thomas" last="Korn">Thomas Korn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kronsbein, Helena" sort="Kronsbein, Helena" uniqKey="Kronsbein H" first="Helena" last="Kronsbein">Helena Kronsbein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langford, Cordelia" sort="Langford, Cordelia" uniqKey="Langford C" first="Cordelia" last="Langford">Cordelia Langford</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larsson, Malin" sort="Larsson, Malin" uniqKey="Larsson M" first="Malin" last="Larsson">Malin Larsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">IFM Bioinformatics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lathrop, Mark" sort="Lathrop, Mark" uniqKey="Lathrop M" first="Mark" last="Lathrop">Mark Lathrop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut Genomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lebrun Frenay, Christine" sort="Lebrun Frenay, Christine" uniqKey="Lebrun Frenay C" first="Christine" last="Lebrun-Frenay">Christine Lebrun-Frenay</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHRU Nice, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lechner Scott, Jeannette" sort="Lechner Scott, Jeannette" uniqKey="Lechner Scott J" first="Jeannette" last="Lechner-Scott">Jeannette Lechner-Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Michelle H" sort="Lee, Michelle H" uniqKey="Lee M" first="Michelle H" last="Lee">Michelle H. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leone, Maurizio A" sort="Leone, Maurizio A" uniqKey="Leone M" first="Maurizio A" last="Leone">Maurizio A. Leone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Department of Neurology, Ospedale Maggiore, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lepp, Virpi" sort="Lepp, Virpi" uniqKey="Lepp V" first="Virpi" last="Lepp">Virpi Lepp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liberatore, Giuseppe" sort="Liberatore, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Liberatore G" first="Giuseppe" last="Liberatore">Giuseppe Liberatore</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lie, Benedicte A" sort="Lie, Benedicte A" uniqKey="Lie B" first="Benedicte A" last="Lie">Benedicte A. Lie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lill, Christina M" sort="Lill, Christina M" uniqKey="Lill C" first="Christina M" last="Lill">Christina M. Lill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Neuropsychiatric Genetics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linden, Magdalena" sort="Linden, Magdalena" uniqKey="Linden M" first="Magdalena" last="Lindén">Magdalena Lindén</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Link, Jenny" sort="Link, Jenny" uniqKey="Link J" first="Jenny" last="Link">Jenny Link</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luessi, Felix" sort="Luessi, Felix" uniqKey="Luessi F" first="Felix" last="Luessi">Felix Luessi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lycke, Jan" sort="Lycke, Jan" uniqKey="Lycke J" first="Jan" last="Lycke">Jan Lycke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborgs Universitet, Göteborg, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macciardi, Fabio" sort="Macciardi, Fabio" uniqKey="Macciardi F" first="Fabio" last="Macciardi">Fabio Macciardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Nnisto, Satu" sort="M Nnisto, Satu" uniqKey="M Nnisto S" first="Satu" last="M Nnistö">Satu M Nnistö</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manrique, Clara P" sort="Manrique, Clara P" uniqKey="Manrique C" first="Clara P" last="Manrique">Clara P. Manrique</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Roland" sort="Martin, Roland" uniqKey="Martin R" first="Roland" last="Martin">Roland Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinelli, Vittorio" sort="Martinelli, Vittorio" uniqKey="Martinelli V" first="Vittorio" last="Martinelli">Vittorio Martinelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mason, Deborah" sort="Mason, Deborah" uniqKey="Mason D" first="Deborah" last="Mason">Deborah Mason</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazibrada, Gordon" sort="Mazibrada, Gordon" uniqKey="Mazibrada G" first="Gordon" last="Mazibrada">Gordon Mazibrada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccabe, Cristin" sort="Mccabe, Cristin" uniqKey="Mccabe C" first="Cristin" last="Mccabe">Cristin Mccabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mero, Inger Lise" sort="Mero, Inger Lise" uniqKey="Mero I" first="Inger-Lise" last="Mero">Inger-Lise Mero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mescheriakova, Julia" sort="Mescheriakova, Julia" uniqKey="Mescheriakova J" first="Julia" last="Mescheriakova">Julia Mescheriakova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moutsianas, Loukas" sort="Moutsianas, Loukas" uniqKey="Moutsianas L" first="Loukas" last="Moutsianas">Loukas Moutsianas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myhr, Kjell Morten" sort="Myhr, Kjell Morten" uniqKey="Myhr K" first="Kjell-Morten" last="Myhr">Kjell-Morten Myhr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Neurology, The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nagels, Guy" sort="Nagels, Guy" uniqKey="Nagels G" first="Guy" last="Nagels">Guy Nagels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">National Multiple Sclerosis Center Melsbroek, Melsbroek, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholas, Richard" sort="Nicholas, Richard" uniqKey="Nicholas R" first="Richard" last="Nicholas">Richard Nicholas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Neurology Department, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nilsson, Petra" sort="Nilsson, Petra" uniqKey="Nilsson P" first="Petra" last="Nilsson">Petra Nilsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piehl, Fredrik" sort="Piehl, Fredrik" uniqKey="Piehl F" first="Fredrik" last="Piehl">Fredrik Piehl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirinen, Matti" sort="Pirinen, Matti" uniqKey="Pirinen M" first="Matti" last="Pirinen">Matti Pirinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Sian E" sort="Price, Sian E" uniqKey="Price S" first="Siân E" last="Price">Siân E. Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quach, Hong" sort="Quach, Hong" uniqKey="Quach H" first="Hong" last="Quach">Hong Quach</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Division of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reunanen, Mauri" sort="Reunanen, Mauri" uniqKey="Reunanen M" first="Mauri" last="Reunanen">Mauri Reunanen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robberecht, Wim" sort="Robberecht, Wim" uniqKey="Robberecht W" first="Wim" last="Robberecht">Wim Robberecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Neil P" sort="Robertson, Neil P" uniqKey="Robertson N" first="Neil P" last="Robertson">Neil P. Robertson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodegher, Mariaemma" sort="Rodegher, Mariaemma" uniqKey="Rodegher M" first="Mariaemma" last="Rodegher">Mariaemma Rodegher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rog, David" sort="Rog, David" uniqKey="Rog D" first="David" last="Rog">David Rog</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Department of Neurology, Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salvetti, Marco" sort="Salvetti, Marco" uniqKey="Salvetti M" first="Marco" last="Salvetti">Marco Salvetti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Department of Neuroscience, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnetz Boutaud, Nathalie C" sort="Schnetz Boutaud, Nathalie C" uniqKey="Schnetz Boutaud N" first="Nathalie C" last="Schnetz-Boutaud">Nathalie C. Schnetz-Boutaud</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sellebjerg, Finn" sort="Sellebjerg, Finn" uniqKey="Sellebjerg F" first="Finn" last="Sellebjerg">Finn Sellebjerg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Selter, Rebecca C" sort="Selter, Rebecca C" uniqKey="Selter R" first="Rebecca C" last="Selter">Rebecca C. Selter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaefer, Catherine" sort="Schaefer, Catherine" uniqKey="Schaefer C" first="Catherine" last="Schaefer">Catherine Schaefer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shaunak, Sandip" sort="Shaunak, Sandip" uniqKey="Shaunak S" first="Sandip" last="Shaunak">Sandip Shaunak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Neurology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, Ling" sort="Shen, Ling" uniqKey="Shen L" first="Ling" last="Shen">Ling Shen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shields, Simon" sort="Shields, Simon" uniqKey="Shields S" first="Simon" last="Shields">Simon Shields</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Department of Neurology, Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, Norwich, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Siffrin, Volker" sort="Siffrin, Volker" uniqKey="Siffrin V" first="Volker" last="Siffrin">Volker Siffrin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slee, Mark" sort="Slee, Mark" uniqKey="Slee M" first="Mark" last="Slee">Mark Slee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">Department of Neurology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Per Soelberg" sort="Sorensen, Per Soelberg" uniqKey="Sorensen P" first="Per Soelberg" last="Sorensen">Per Soelberg Sorensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorosina, Melissa" sort="Sorosina, Melissa" uniqKey="Sorosina M" first="Melissa" last="Sorosina">Melissa Sorosina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sospedra, Mireia" sort="Sospedra, Mireia" uniqKey="Sospedra M" first="Mireia" last="Sospedra">Mireia Sospedra</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spurkland, Anne" sort="Spurkland, Anne" uniqKey="Spurkland A" first="Anne" last="Spurkland">Anne Spurkland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strange, Amy" sort="Strange, Amy" uniqKey="Strange A" first="Amy" last="Strange">Amy Strange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sundqvist, Emilie" sort="Sundqvist, Emilie" uniqKey="Sundqvist E" first="Emilie" last="Sundqvist">Emilie Sundqvist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thijs, Vincent" sort="Thijs, Vincent" uniqKey="Thijs V" first="Vincent" last="Thijs">Vincent Thijs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorpe, John" sort="Thorpe, John" uniqKey="Thorpe J" first="John" last="Thorpe">John Thorpe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Department of Neurology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ticca, Anna" sort="Ticca, Anna" uniqKey="Ticca A" first="Anna" last="Ticca">Anna Ticca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tienari, Pentti" sort="Tienari, Pentti" uniqKey="Tienari P" first="Pentti" last="Tienari">Pentti Tienari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Molecular Neurology Programme, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia Van Duijn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Visser, Elizabeth M" sort="Visser, Elizabeth M" uniqKey="Visser E" first="Elizabeth M" last="Visser">Elizabeth M. Visser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vucic, Steve" sort="Vucic, Steve" uniqKey="Vucic S" first="Steve" last="Vucic">Steve Vucic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Westerlind, Helga" sort="Westerlind, Helga" uniqKey="Westerlind H" first="Helga" last="Westerlind">Helga Westerlind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, James S" sort="Wiley, James S" uniqKey="Wiley J" first="James S" last="Wiley">James S. Wiley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkins, Alastair" sort="Wilkins, Alastair" uniqKey="Wilkins A" first="Alastair" last="Wilkins">Alastair Wilkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, James F" sort="Wilson, James F" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James F" last="Wilson">James F. Wilson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winkelmann, Juliane" sort="Winkelmann, Juliane" uniqKey="Winkelmann J" first="Juliane" last="Winkelmann">Juliane Winkelmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zajicek, John" sort="Zajicek, John" uniqKey="Zajicek J" first="John" last="Zajicek">John Zajicek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zindler, Eva" sort="Zindler, Eva" uniqKey="Zindler E" first="Eva" last="Zindler">Eva Zindler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haines, Jonathan L" sort="Haines, Jonathan L" uniqKey="Haines J" first="Jonathan L" last="Haines">Jonathan L. Haines</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pericak Vance, Margaret A" sort="Pericak Vance, Margaret A" uniqKey="Pericak Vance M" first="Margaret A" last="Pericak-Vance">Margaret A. Pericak-Vance</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ivinson, Adrian J" sort="Ivinson, Adrian J" uniqKey="Ivinson A" first="Adrian J" last="Ivinson">Adrian J. Ivinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Graeme" sort="Stewart, Graeme" uniqKey="Stewart G" first="Graeme" last="Stewart">Graeme Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hafler, David" sort="Hafler, David" uniqKey="Hafler D" first="David" last="Hafler">David Hafler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Stephen L" sort="Hauser, Stephen L" uniqKey="Hauser S" first="Stephen L" last="Hauser">Stephen L. Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Compston, Alastair" sort="Compston, Alastair" uniqKey="Compston A" first="Alastair" last="Compston">Alastair Compston</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcvean, Gil" sort="Mcvean, Gil" uniqKey="Mcvean G" first="Gil" last="Mcvean">Gil Mcvean</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Jager, Philip" sort="De Jager, Philip" uniqKey="De Jager P" first="Philip" last="De Jager">Philip De Jager</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sawcer, Stephen" sort="Sawcer, Stephen" uniqKey="Sawcer S" first="Stephen" last="Sawcer">Stephen Sawcer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, Jacob L" sort="Mccauley, Jacob L" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="Jacob L" last="Mccauley">Jacob L. Mccauley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24076602</idno><idno type="pmc">3832895</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832895</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3832895</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/ng.2770</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002E29</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002E29</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis</title><author><name sortKey="Beecham, Ashley H" sort="Beecham, Ashley H" uniqKey="Beecham A" first="Ashley H" last="Beecham">Ashley H. Beecham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A" sort="Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A" uniqKey="Patsopoulos N" first="Nikolaos A" last="Patsopoulos">Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Psychiatry, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xifara, Dionysia K" sort="Xifara, Dionysia K" uniqKey="Xifara D" first="Dionysia K" last="Xifara">Dionysia K. Xifara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Mary F" sort="Davis, Mary F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mary F" last="Davis">Mary F. Davis</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kemppinen, Anu" sort="Kemppinen, Anu" uniqKey="Kemppinen A" first="Anu" last="Kemppinen">Anu Kemppinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cotsapas, Chris" sort="Cotsapas, Chris" uniqKey="Cotsapas C" first="Chris" last="Cotsapas">Chris Cotsapas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shahi, Tejas S" sort="Shahi, Tejas S" uniqKey="Shahi T" first="Tejas S" last="Shahi">Tejas S. Shahi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spencer, Chris" sort="Spencer, Chris" uniqKey="Spencer C" first="Chris" last="Spencer">Chris Spencer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Booth, David" sort="Booth, David" uniqKey="Booth D" first="David" last="Booth">David Booth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goris, An" sort="Goris, An" uniqKey="Goris A" first="An" last="Goris">An Goris</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oturai, Annette" sort="Oturai, Annette" uniqKey="Oturai A" first="Annette" last="Oturai">Annette Oturai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saarela, Janna" sort="Saarela, Janna" uniqKey="Saarela J" first="Janna" last="Saarela">Janna Saarela</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fontaine, Bertrand" sort="Fontaine, Bertrand" uniqKey="Fontaine B" first="Bertrand" last="Fontaine">Bertrand Fontaine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hemmer, Bernhard" sort="Hemmer, Bernhard" uniqKey="Hemmer B" first="Bernhard" last="Hemmer">Bernhard Hemmer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Claes" sort="Martin, Claes" uniqKey="Martin C" first="Claes" last="Martin">Claes Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zipp, Frauke" sort="Zipp, Frauke" uniqKey="Zipp F" first="Frauke" last="Zipp">Frauke Zipp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="D Lfonso, Sandra" sort="D Lfonso, Sandra" uniqKey="D Lfonso S" first="Sandra" last="D Lfonso">Sandra D Lfonso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" sort="Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo" uniqKey="Martinelli Boneschi F" first="Filippo" last="Martinelli-Boneschi">Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Bruce" sort="Taylor, Bruce" uniqKey="Taylor B" first="Bruce" last="Taylor">Bruce Taylor</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A27">Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harbo, Hanne F" sort="Harbo, Hanne F" uniqKey="Harbo H" first="Hanne F" last="Harbo">Hanne F. Harbo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kockum, Ingrid" sort="Kockum, Ingrid" uniqKey="Kockum I" first="Ingrid" last="Kockum">Ingrid Kockum</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hillert, Jan" sort="Hillert, Jan" uniqKey="Hillert J" first="Jan" last="Hillert">Jan Hillert</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Olsson, Tomas" sort="Olsson, Tomas" uniqKey="Olsson T" first="Tomas" last="Olsson">Tomas Olsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ban, Maria" sort="Ban, Maria" uniqKey="Ban M" first="Maria" last="Ban">Maria Ban</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oksenberg, Jorge R" sort="Oksenberg, Jorge R" uniqKey="Oksenberg J" first="Jorge R" last="Oksenberg">Jorge R. Oksenberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hintzen, Rogier" sort="Hintzen, Rogier" uniqKey="Hintzen R" first="Rogier" last="Hintzen">Rogier Hintzen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barcellos, Lisa F" sort="Barcellos, Lisa F" uniqKey="Barcellos L" first="Lisa F" last="Barcellos">Lisa F. Barcellos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Division of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A34">California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agliardi, Cristina" sort="Agliardi, Cristina" uniqKey="Agliardi C" first="Cristina" last="Agliardi">Cristina Agliardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A37">Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS S. Maria Nascente, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alfredsson, Lars" sort="Alfredsson, Lars" uniqKey="Alfredsson L" first="Lars" last="Alfredsson">Lars Alfredsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A38">Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alizadeh, Mehdi" sort="Alizadeh, Mehdi" uniqKey="Alizadeh M" first="Mehdi" last="Alizadeh">Mehdi Alizadeh</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A39">Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Carl" sort="Anderson, Carl" uniqKey="Anderson C" first="Carl" last="Anderson">Carl Anderson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrews, Robert" sort="Andrews, Robert" uniqKey="Andrews R" first="Robert" last="Andrews">Robert Andrews</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="S Ndergaard, Helle Bach" sort="S Ndergaard, Helle Bach" uniqKey="S Ndergaard H" first="Helle Bach" last="S Ndergaard">Helle Bach S Ndergaard</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Amie" sort="Baker, Amie" uniqKey="Baker A" first="Amie" last="Baker">Amie Baker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Band, Gavin" sort="Band, Gavin" uniqKey="Band G" first="Gavin" last="Band">Gavin Band</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baranzini, Sergio E" sort="Baranzini, Sergio E" uniqKey="Baranzini S" first="Sergio E" last="Baranzini">Sergio E. Baranzini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barizzone, Nadia" sort="Barizzone, Nadia" uniqKey="Barizzone N" first="Nadia" last="Barizzone">Nadia Barizzone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barrett, Jeffrey" sort="Barrett, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Barrett J" first="Jeffrey" last="Barrett">Jeffrey Barrett</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bellenguez, Celine" sort="Bellenguez, Celine" uniqKey="Bellenguez C" first="Céline" last="Bellenguez">Céline Bellenguez</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bergamaschi, Laura" sort="Bergamaschi, Laura" uniqKey="Bergamaschi L" first="Laura" last="Bergamaschi">Laura Bergamaschi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernardinelli, Luisa" sort="Bernardinelli, Luisa" uniqKey="Bernardinelli L" first="Luisa" last="Bernardinelli">Luisa Bernardinelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A40">Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berthele, Achim" sort="Berthele, Achim" uniqKey="Berthele A" first="Achim" last="Berthele">Achim Berthele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biberacher, Viola" sort="Biberacher, Viola" uniqKey="Biberacher V" first="Viola" last="Biberacher">Viola Biberacher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Binder, Thomas M C" sort="Binder, Thomas M C" uniqKey="Binder T" first="Thomas M C" last="Binder">Thomas M C. Binder</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blackburn, Hannah" sort="Blackburn, Hannah" uniqKey="Blackburn H" first="Hannah" last="Blackburn">Hannah Blackburn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bomfim, Izaura L" sort="Bomfim, Izaura L" uniqKey="Bomfim I" first="Izaura L" last="Bomfim">Izaura L. Bomfim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brambilla, Paola" sort="Brambilla, Paola" uniqKey="Brambilla P" first="Paola" last="Brambilla">Paola Brambilla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Broadley, Simon" sort="Broadley, Simon" uniqKey="Broadley S" first="Simon" last="Broadley">Simon Broadley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A42">School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brochet, Bruno" sort="Brochet, Bruno" uniqKey="Brochet B" first="Bruno" last="Brochet">Bruno Brochet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A43">CHU Pellegrin, Université Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brundin, Lou" sort="Brundin, Lou" uniqKey="Brundin L" first="Lou" last="Brundin">Lou Brundin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buck, Dorothea" sort="Buck, Dorothea" uniqKey="Buck D" first="Dorothea" last="Buck">Dorothea Buck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Butzkueven, Helmut" sort="Butzkueven, Helmut" uniqKey="Butzkueven H" first="Helmut" last="Butzkueven">Helmut Butzkueven</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A44">University of Melbourne, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A45">Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Monash University, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caillier, Stacy J" sort="Caillier, Stacy J" uniqKey="Caillier S" first="Stacy J" last="Caillier">Stacy J. Caillier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Camu, William" sort="Camu, William" uniqKey="Camu W" first="William" last="Camu">William Camu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A46">Service de Neurologie, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpentier, Wassila" sort="Carpentier, Wassila" uniqKey="Carpentier W" first="Wassila" last="Carpentier">Wassila Carpentier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A47">Plateforme Post-Génomique P3S, UPMC-INSERM, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavalla, Paola" sort="Cavalla, Paola" uniqKey="Cavalla P" first="Paola" last="Cavalla">Paola Cavalla</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Neuroscience, MS Center, Azienda ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A49">University of Turin, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Celius, Elisabeth G" sort="Celius, Elisabeth G" uniqKey="Celius E" first="Elisabeth G" last="Celius">Elisabeth G. Celius</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coman, Irene" sort="Coman, Irene" uniqKey="Coman I" first="Irène" last="Coman">Irène Coman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A50">Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comi, Giancarlo" sort="Comi, Giancarlo" uniqKey="Comi G" first="Giancarlo" last="Comi">Giancarlo Comi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corrado, Lucia" sort="Corrado, Lucia" uniqKey="Corrado L" first="Lucia" last="Corrado">Lucia Corrado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cosemans, Leentje" sort="Cosemans, Leentje" uniqKey="Cosemans L" first="Leentje" last="Cosemans">Leentje Cosemans</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cournu Rebeix, Isabelle" sort="Cournu Rebeix, Isabelle" uniqKey="Cournu Rebeix I" first="Isabelle" last="Cournu-Rebeix">Isabelle Cournu-Rebeix</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cree, Bruce A C" sort="Cree, Bruce A C" uniqKey="Cree B" first="Bruce A C" last="Cree">Bruce A C. Cree</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cusi, Daniele" sort="Cusi, Daniele" uniqKey="Cusi D" first="Daniele" last="Cusi">Daniele Cusi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A51">Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital and Filarete Foundation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Damotte, Vincent" sort="Damotte, Vincent" uniqKey="Damotte V" first="Vincent" last="Damotte">Vincent Damotte</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defer, Gilles" sort="Defer, Gilles" uniqKey="Defer G" first="Gilles" last="Defer">Gilles Defer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A52">Service de Neurologie, CHU de Caen and INSERM U 919-GIP Cyceron, Caen, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delgado, Silvia R" sort="Delgado, Silvia R" uniqKey="Delgado S" first="Silvia R" last="Delgado">Silvia R. Delgado</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A53">Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Di Sapio, Alessia" sort="Di Sapio, Alessia" uniqKey="Di Sapio A" first="Alessia" last="Di Sapio">Alessia Di Sapio</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A54">Neurologia 2 - CRESM, AOU San Luigi, Orbassano, Turin, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dilthey, Alexander T" sort="Dilthey, Alexander T" uniqKey="Dilthey A" first="Alexander T" last="Dilthey">Alexander T. Dilthey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donnelly, Peter" sort="Donnelly, Peter" uniqKey="Donnelly P" first="Peter" last="Donnelly">Peter Donnelly</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dubois, Benedicte" sort="Dubois, Benedicte" uniqKey="Dubois B" first="Bénédicte" last="Dubois">Bénédicte Dubois</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duddy, Martin" sort="Duddy, Martin" uniqKey="Duddy M" first="Martin" last="Duddy">Martin Duddy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A55">Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edkins, Sarah" sort="Edkins, Sarah" uniqKey="Edkins S" first="Sarah" last="Edkins">Sarah Edkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elovaara, Irina" sort="Elovaara, Irina" uniqKey="Elovaara I" first="Irina" last="Elovaara">Irina Elovaara</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A56">Department of Neurology, University of Tampere, Medical School, Tampere, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Esposito, Federica" sort="Esposito, Federica" uniqKey="Esposito F" first="Federica" last="Esposito">Federica Esposito</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evangelou, Nikos" sort="Evangelou, Nikos" uniqKey="Evangelou N" first="Nikos" last="Evangelou">Nikos Evangelou</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A57">Division of Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fiddes, Barnaby" sort="Fiddes, Barnaby" uniqKey="Fiddes B" first="Barnaby" last="Fiddes">Barnaby Fiddes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Field, Judith" sort="Field, Judith" uniqKey="Field J" first="Judith" last="Field">Judith Field</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franke, Andre" sort="Franke, Andre" uniqKey="Franke A" first="Andre" last="Franke">Andre Franke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A59">Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, Colin" sort="Freeman, Colin" uniqKey="Freeman C" first="Colin" last="Freeman">Colin Freeman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frohlich, Irene Y" sort="Frohlich, Irene Y" uniqKey="Frohlich I" first="Irene Y" last="Frohlich">Irene Y. Frohlich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galimberti, Daniela" sort="Galimberti, Daniela" uniqKey="Galimberti D" first="Daniela" last="Galimberti">Daniela Galimberti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A60">Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Neurology Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A61">Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gieger, Christian" sort="Gieger, Christian" uniqKey="Gieger C" first="Christian" last="Gieger">Christian Gieger</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A62">KORAgen, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gourraud, Pierre Antoine" sort="Gourraud, Pierre Antoine" uniqKey="Gourraud P" first="Pierre-Antoine" last="Gourraud">Pierre-Antoine Gourraud</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graetz, Christiane" sort="Graetz, Christiane" uniqKey="Graetz C" first="Christiane" last="Graetz">Christiane Graetz</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graham, Andrew" sort="Graham, Andrew" uniqKey="Graham A" first="Andrew" last="Graham">Andrew Graham</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Clinical Neurology, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grummel, Verena" sort="Grummel, Verena" uniqKey="Grummel V" first="Verena" last="Grummel">Verena Grummel</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guaschino, Clara" sort="Guaschino, Clara" uniqKey="Guaschino C" first="Clara" last="Guaschino">Clara Guaschino</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadjixenofontos, Athena" sort="Hadjixenofontos, Athena" uniqKey="Hadjixenofontos A" first="Athena" last="Hadjixenofontos">Athena Hadjixenofontos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A64">Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A65">Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Halfpenny, Christopher" sort="Halfpenny, Christopher" uniqKey="Halfpenny C" first="Christopher" last="Halfpenny">Christopher Halfpenny</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A66">Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Gillian" sort="Hall, Gillian" uniqKey="Hall G" first="Gillian" last="Hall">Gillian Hall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Neurology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hall, Per" sort="Hall, Per" uniqKey="Hall P" first="Per" last="Hall">Per Hall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamsten, Anders" sort="Hamsten, Anders" uniqKey="Hamsten A" first="Anders" last="Hamsten">Anders Hamsten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A69">Department of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harley, James" sort="Harley, James" uniqKey="Harley J" first="James" last="Harley">James Harley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A70">Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrower, Timothy" sort="Harrower, Timothy" uniqKey="Harrower T" first="Timothy" last="Harrower">Timothy Harrower</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A71">Department of Neurology, Royal Devon and Exeter Foundaton Trust Hospital, Exeter, Devon, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawkins, Clive" sort="Hawkins, Clive" uniqKey="Hawkins C" first="Clive" last="Hawkins">Clive Hawkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A72">Keele University Medical School, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellenthal, Garrett" sort="Hellenthal, Garrett" uniqKey="Hellenthal G" first="Garrett" last="Hellenthal">Garrett Hellenthal</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A73">UCL Genetics Institute (UGI), University College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hillier, Charles" sort="Hillier, Charles" uniqKey="Hillier C" first="Charles" last="Hillier">Charles Hillier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A74">Department of Neurology, Poole General Hospital, Poole, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hobart, Jeremy" sort="Hobart, Jeremy" uniqKey="Hobart J" first="Jeremy" last="Hobart">Jeremy Hobart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoshi, Muni" sort="Hoshi, Muni" uniqKey="Hoshi M" first="Muni" last="Hoshi">Muni Hoshi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hunt, Sarah E" sort="Hunt, Sarah E" uniqKey="Hunt S" first="Sarah E" last="Hunt">Sarah E. Hunt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jagodic, Maja" sort="Jagodic, Maja" uniqKey="Jagodic M" first="Maja" last="Jagodic">Maja Jagodic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jel I, Ilijas" sort="Jel I, Ilijas" uniqKey="Jel I I" first="Ilijas" last="Jel I">Ilijas Jel I</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jochim, Angela" sort="Jochim, Angela" uniqKey="Jochim A" first="Angela" last="Jochim">Angela Jochim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendall, Brian" sort="Kendall, Brian" uniqKey="Kendall B" first="Brian" last="Kendall">Brian Kendall</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A78">Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neurology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kermode, Allan" sort="Kermode, Allan" uniqKey="Kermode A" first="Allan" last="Kermode">Allan Kermode</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A79">Australian Neuromuscular Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A80">Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kilpatrick, Trevor" sort="Kilpatrick, Trevor" uniqKey="Kilpatrick T" first="Trevor" last="Kilpatrick">Trevor Kilpatrick</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A81">Melbourne Neuroscience Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koivisto, Keijo" sort="Koivisto, Keijo" uniqKey="Koivisto K" first="Keijo" last="Koivisto">Keijo Koivisto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A82">Department of Neurology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konidari, Ioanna" sort="Konidari, Ioanna" uniqKey="Konidari I" first="Ioanna" last="Konidari">Ioanna Konidari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Korn, Thomas" sort="Korn, Thomas" uniqKey="Korn T" first="Thomas" last="Korn">Thomas Korn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kronsbein, Helena" sort="Kronsbein, Helena" uniqKey="Kronsbein H" first="Helena" last="Kronsbein">Helena Kronsbein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langford, Cordelia" sort="Langford, Cordelia" uniqKey="Langford C" first="Cordelia" last="Langford">Cordelia Langford</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larsson, Malin" sort="Larsson, Malin" uniqKey="Larsson M" first="Malin" last="Larsson">Malin Larsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A83">IFM Bioinformatics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lathrop, Mark" sort="Lathrop, Mark" uniqKey="Lathrop M" first="Mark" last="Lathrop">Mark Lathrop</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A84">Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Paris, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A85">Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut Genomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A86">McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lebrun Frenay, Christine" sort="Lebrun Frenay, Christine" uniqKey="Lebrun Frenay C" first="Christine" last="Lebrun-Frenay">Christine Lebrun-Frenay</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A87">Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHRU Nice, France</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lechner Scott, Jeannette" sort="Lechner Scott, Jeannette" uniqKey="Lechner Scott J" first="Jeannette" last="Lechner-Scott">Jeannette Lechner-Scott</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A88">Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Michelle H" sort="Lee, Michelle H" uniqKey="Lee M" first="Michelle H" last="Lee">Michelle H. Lee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leone, Maurizio A" sort="Leone, Maurizio A" uniqKey="Leone M" first="Maurizio A" last="Leone">Maurizio A. Leone</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A89">Department of Neurology, Ospedale Maggiore, Novara, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lepp, Virpi" sort="Lepp, Virpi" uniqKey="Lepp V" first="Virpi" last="Lepp">Virpi Lepp</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liberatore, Giuseppe" sort="Liberatore, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Liberatore G" first="Giuseppe" last="Liberatore">Giuseppe Liberatore</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lie, Benedicte A" sort="Lie, Benedicte A" uniqKey="Lie B" first="Benedicte A" last="Lie">Benedicte A. Lie</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lill, Christina M" sort="Lill, Christina M" uniqKey="Lill C" first="Christina M" last="Lill">Christina M. Lill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A91">Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Neuropsychiatric Genetics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linden, Magdalena" sort="Linden, Magdalena" uniqKey="Linden M" first="Magdalena" last="Lindén">Magdalena Lindén</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Link, Jenny" sort="Link, Jenny" uniqKey="Link J" first="Jenny" last="Link">Jenny Link</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luessi, Felix" sort="Luessi, Felix" uniqKey="Luessi F" first="Felix" last="Luessi">Felix Luessi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lycke, Jan" sort="Lycke, Jan" uniqKey="Lycke J" first="Jan" last="Lycke">Jan Lycke</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A92">Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborgs Universitet, Göteborg, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macciardi, Fabio" sort="Macciardi, Fabio" uniqKey="Macciardi F" first="Fabio" last="Macciardi">Fabio Macciardi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A93">Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A94">Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Nnisto, Satu" sort="M Nnisto, Satu" uniqKey="M Nnisto S" first="Satu" last="M Nnistö">Satu M Nnistö</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A95">Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manrique, Clara P" sort="Manrique, Clara P" uniqKey="Manrique C" first="Clara P" last="Manrique">Clara P. Manrique</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Roland" sort="Martin, Roland" uniqKey="Martin R" first="Roland" last="Martin">Roland Martin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinelli, Vittorio" sort="Martinelli, Vittorio" uniqKey="Martinelli V" first="Vittorio" last="Martinelli">Vittorio Martinelli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mason, Deborah" sort="Mason, Deborah" uniqKey="Mason D" first="Deborah" last="Mason">Deborah Mason</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A96">Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazibrada, Gordon" sort="Mazibrada, Gordon" uniqKey="Mazibrada G" first="Gordon" last="Mazibrada">Gordon Mazibrada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A97">Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccabe, Cristin" sort="Mccabe, Cristin" uniqKey="Mccabe C" first="Cristin" last="Mccabe">Cristin Mccabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mero, Inger Lise" sort="Mero, Inger Lise" uniqKey="Mero I" first="Inger-Lise" last="Mero">Inger-Lise Mero</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A29">University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A90">Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mescheriakova, Julia" sort="Mescheriakova, Julia" uniqKey="Mescheriakova J" first="Julia" last="Mescheriakova">Julia Mescheriakova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A32">Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moutsianas, Loukas" sort="Moutsianas, Loukas" uniqKey="Moutsianas L" first="Loukas" last="Moutsianas">Loukas Moutsianas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Myhr, Kjell Morten" sort="Myhr, Kjell Morten" uniqKey="Myhr K" first="Kjell-Morten" last="Myhr">Kjell-Morten Myhr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A98">Department of Neurology, The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nagels, Guy" sort="Nagels, Guy" uniqKey="Nagels G" first="Guy" last="Nagels">Guy Nagels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A99">National Multiple Sclerosis Center Melsbroek, Melsbroek, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholas, Richard" sort="Nicholas, Richard" uniqKey="Nicholas R" first="Richard" last="Nicholas">Richard Nicholas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A100">Neurology Department, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nilsson, Petra" sort="Nilsson, Petra" uniqKey="Nilsson P" first="Petra" last="Nilsson">Petra Nilsson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A101">Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piehl, Fredrik" sort="Piehl, Fredrik" uniqKey="Piehl F" first="Fredrik" last="Piehl">Fredrik Piehl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirinen, Matti" sort="Pirinen, Matti" uniqKey="Pirinen M" first="Matti" last="Pirinen">Matti Pirinen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Sian E" sort="Price, Sian E" uniqKey="Price S" first="Siân E" last="Price">Siân E. Price</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A102">Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quach, Hong" sort="Quach, Hong" uniqKey="Quach H" first="Hong" last="Quach">Hong Quach</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A33">Division of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reunanen, Mauri" sort="Reunanen, Mauri" uniqKey="Reunanen M" first="Mauri" last="Reunanen">Mauri Reunanen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A103">Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A104">Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robberecht, Wim" sort="Robberecht, Wim" uniqKey="Robberecht W" first="Wim" last="Robberecht">Wim Robberecht</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Neil P" sort="Robertson, Neil P" uniqKey="Robertson N" first="Neil P" last="Robertson">Neil P. Robertson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A108">Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodegher, Mariaemma" sort="Rodegher, Mariaemma" uniqKey="Rodegher M" first="Mariaemma" last="Rodegher">Mariaemma Rodegher</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rog, David" sort="Rog, David" uniqKey="Rog D" first="David" last="Rog">David Rog</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A109">Department of Neurology, Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salvetti, Marco" sort="Salvetti, Marco" uniqKey="Salvetti M" first="Marco" last="Salvetti">Marco Salvetti</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A110">Department of Neuroscience, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnetz Boutaud, Nathalie C" sort="Schnetz Boutaud, Nathalie C" uniqKey="Schnetz Boutaud N" first="Nathalie C" last="Schnetz-Boutaud">Nathalie C. Schnetz-Boutaud</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sellebjerg, Finn" sort="Sellebjerg, Finn" uniqKey="Sellebjerg F" first="Finn" last="Sellebjerg">Finn Sellebjerg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Selter, Rebecca C" sort="Selter, Rebecca C" uniqKey="Selter R" first="Rebecca C" last="Selter">Rebecca C. Selter</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaefer, Catherine" sort="Schaefer, Catherine" uniqKey="Schaefer C" first="Catherine" last="Schaefer">Catherine Schaefer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shaunak, Sandip" sort="Shaunak, Sandip" uniqKey="Shaunak S" first="Sandip" last="Shaunak">Sandip Shaunak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A111">Department of Neurology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, Ling" sort="Shen, Ling" uniqKey="Shen L" first="Ling" last="Shen">Ling Shen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A35">Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shields, Simon" sort="Shields, Simon" uniqKey="Shields S" first="Simon" last="Shields">Simon Shields</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A112">Department of Neurology, Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, Norwich, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Siffrin, Volker" sort="Siffrin, Volker" uniqKey="Siffrin V" first="Volker" last="Siffrin">Volker Siffrin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Slee, Mark" sort="Slee, Mark" uniqKey="Slee M" first="Mark" last="Slee">Mark Slee</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A113">Department of Neurology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorensen, Per Soelberg" sort="Sorensen, Per Soelberg" uniqKey="Sorensen P" first="Per Soelberg" last="Sorensen">Per Soelberg Sorensen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sorosina, Melissa" sort="Sorosina, Melissa" uniqKey="Sorosina M" first="Melissa" last="Sorosina">Melissa Sorosina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A25">Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sospedra, Mireia" sort="Sospedra, Mireia" uniqKey="Sospedra M" first="Mireia" last="Sospedra">Mireia Sospedra</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A76">Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A77">Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spurkland, Anne" sort="Spurkland, Anne" uniqKey="Spurkland A" first="Anne" last="Spurkland">Anne Spurkland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A114">Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strange, Amy" sort="Strange, Amy" uniqKey="Strange A" first="Amy" last="Strange">Amy Strange</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sundqvist, Emilie" sort="Sundqvist, Emilie" uniqKey="Sundqvist E" first="Emilie" last="Sundqvist">Emilie Sundqvist</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thijs, Vincent" sort="Thijs, Vincent" uniqKey="Thijs V" first="Vincent" last="Thijs">Vincent Thijs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A105">Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A106">Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A107">Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorpe, John" sort="Thorpe, John" uniqKey="Thorpe J" first="John" last="Thorpe">John Thorpe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A115">Department of Neurology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ticca, Anna" sort="Ticca, Anna" uniqKey="Ticca A" first="Anna" last="Ticca">Anna Ticca</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A116">Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tienari, Pentti" sort="Tienari, Pentti" uniqKey="Tienari P" first="Pentti" last="Tienari">Pentti Tienari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A117">Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Molecular Neurology Programme, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia Van Duijn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A118">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Visser, Elizabeth M" sort="Visser, Elizabeth M" uniqKey="Visser E" first="Elizabeth M" last="Visser">Elizabeth M. Visser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A119">Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vucic, Steve" sort="Vucic, Steve" uniqKey="Vucic S" first="Steve" last="Vucic">Steve Vucic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Westerlind, Helga" sort="Westerlind, Helga" uniqKey="Westerlind H" first="Helga" last="Westerlind">Helga Westerlind</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, James S" sort="Wiley, James S" uniqKey="Wiley J" first="James S" last="Wiley">James S. Wiley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A58">Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkins, Alastair" sort="Wilkins, Alastair" uniqKey="Wilkins A" first="Alastair" last="Wilkins">Alastair Wilkins</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A120">Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, James F" sort="Wilson, James F" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James F" last="Wilson">James F. Wilson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A121">Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winkelmann, Juliane" sort="Winkelmann, Juliane" uniqKey="Winkelmann J" first="Juliane" last="Winkelmann">Juliane Winkelmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A122">Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A123">Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zajicek, John" sort="Zajicek, John" uniqKey="Zajicek J" first="John" last="Zajicek">John Zajicek</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A75">Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zindler, Eva" sort="Zindler, Eva" uniqKey="Zindler E" first="Eva" last="Zindler">Eva Zindler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haines, Jonathan L" sort="Haines, Jonathan L" uniqKey="Haines J" first="Jonathan L" last="Haines">Jonathan L. Haines</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pericak Vance, Margaret A" sort="Pericak Vance, Margaret A" uniqKey="Pericak Vance M" first="Margaret A" last="Pericak-Vance">Margaret A. Pericak-Vance</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ivinson, Adrian J" sort="Ivinson, Adrian J" uniqKey="Ivinson A" first="Adrian J" last="Ivinson">Adrian J. Ivinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A124">Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Graeme" sort="Stewart, Graeme" uniqKey="Stewart G" first="Graeme" last="Stewart">Graeme Stewart</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hafler, David" sort="Hafler, David" uniqKey="Hafler D" first="David" last="Hafler">David Hafler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A125">Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Stephen L" sort="Hauser, Stephen L" uniqKey="Hauser S" first="Stephen L" last="Hauser">Stephen L. Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Compston, Alastair" sort="Compston, Alastair" uniqKey="Compston A" first="Alastair" last="Compston">Alastair Compston</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcvean, Gil" sort="Mcvean, Gil" uniqKey="Mcvean G" first="Gil" last="Mcvean">Gil Mcvean</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Jager, Philip" sort="De Jager, Philip" uniqKey="De Jager P" first="Philip" last="De Jager">Philip De Jager</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sawcer, Stephen" sort="Sawcer, Stephen" uniqKey="Sawcer S" first="Stephen" last="Sawcer">Stephen Sawcer</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, Jacob L" sort="Mccauley, Jacob L" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="Jacob L" last="Mccauley">Jacob L. Mccauley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature genetics</title><idno type="ISSN">1061-4036</idno><idno type="eISSN">1546-1718</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analysed 14,498 multiple sclerosis subjects and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 potentially associated regions (p-value < 1.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup>). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 multiple sclerosis subjects and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (p-value < 5.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup>); three found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants in 103 discrete loci outside of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. With high resolution Bayesian fine-mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalogue of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine-mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gourraud, Pa" uniqKey="Gourraud P">PA Gourraud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harbo, Hf" uniqKey="Harbo H">HF Harbo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Sl" uniqKey="Hauser S">SL Hauser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baranzini, Se" uniqKey="Baranzini S">SE Baranzini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nylander, A" uniqKey="Nylander A">A Nylander</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hafler, Da" uniqKey="Hafler D">DA Hafler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Compston, A" uniqKey="Compston A">A Compston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dyment, Da" uniqKey="Dyment D">DA Dyment</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yee, Im" uniqKey="Yee I">IM Yee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ebers, Gc" uniqKey="Ebers G">GC Ebers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sadovnick, Ad" uniqKey="Sadovnick A">AD Sadovnick</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hemminki, K" uniqKey="Hemminki K">K Hemminki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundquist, J" uniqKey="Sundquist J">J Sundquist</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hillert, J" uniqKey="Hillert J">J Hillert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sundquist, K" uniqKey="Sundquist K">K Sundquist</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jersild, C" uniqKey="Jersild C">C Jersild</name></author><author><name sortKey="Svejgaard, A" uniqKey="Svejgaard A">A Svejgaard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fog, T" uniqKey="Fog T">T 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ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>De Jager</surname><given-names>Philip</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">10</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">126</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sawcer</surname><given-names>Stephen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">9</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">126</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McCauley</surname><given-names>Jacob L</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref rid="FN2" ref-type="author-notes">126</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Department of Neurology, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Psychiatry, Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A5"><label>5</label>Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A6"><label>6</label>Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A7"><label>7</label>The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</aff><aff id="A8"><label>8</label>Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA</aff><aff id="A9"><label>9</label>Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</aff><aff id="A10"><label>10</label>Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A11"><label>11</label>Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</aff><aff id="A12"><label>12</label>Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>13</label>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</aff><aff id="A14"><label>14</label>Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia</aff><aff id="A15"><label>15</label>Section of Experimental Neurology, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A16"><label>16</label>Department of Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</aff><aff id="A17"><label>17</label>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</aff><aff id="A18"><label>18</label>Département de Neurologie, INSERM UMR S 975 CRICM, UPMC, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France</aff><aff id="A19"><label>19</label>Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A20"><label>20</label>Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A21"><label>21</label>German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A22"><label>22</label>Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A23"><label>23</label>Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Johannes Gutenberg University-Medical Center, Mainz, Germany</aff><aff id="A24"><label>24</label>Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy</aff><aff id="A25"><label>25</label>Laboratory of Genetics of Neurological complex disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A26"><label>26</label>Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A27"><label>27</label>Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia</aff><aff id="A28"><label>28</label>Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A29"><label>29</label>University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A30"><label>30</label>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A31"><label>31</label>Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Sandler Neurosciences Center, San Francisco, California, USA</aff><aff id="A32"><label>32</label>Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A33"><label>33</label>Division of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</aff><aff id="A34"><label>34</label>California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, California, USA</aff><aff id="A35"><label>35</label>Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA</aff><aff id="A36"><label>36</label>Lists of authors and members appear in the<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note</xref></aff><aff id="A37"><label>37</label>Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS S. Maria Nascente, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A38"><label>38</label>Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A39"><label>39</label>Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France</aff><aff id="A40"><label>40</label>Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK</aff><aff id="A41"><label>41</label>Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</aff><aff id="A42"><label>42</label>School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia</aff><aff id="A43"><label>43</label>CHU Pellegrin, Université Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France</aff><aff id="A44"><label>44</label>University of Melbourne, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</aff><aff id="A45"><label>45</label>Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Monash University, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A46"><label>46</label>Service de Neurologie, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France</aff><aff id="A47"><label>47</label>Plateforme Post-Génomique P3S, UPMC-INSERM, Paris, France</aff><aff id="A48"><label>48</label>Department of Neuroscience, MS Center, Azienda ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy</aff><aff id="A49"><label>49</label>University of Turin, Turin, Italy</aff><aff id="A50"><label>50</label>Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France</aff><aff id="A51"><label>51</label>Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital and Filarete Foundation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A52"><label>52</label>Service de Neurologie, CHU de Caen and INSERM U 919-GIP Cyceron, Caen, France</aff><aff id="A53"><label>53</label>Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA</aff><aff id="A54"><label>54</label>Neurologia 2 - CRESM, AOU San Luigi, Orbassano, Turin, Italy</aff><aff id="A55"><label>55</label>Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</aff><aff id="A56"><label>56</label>Department of Neurology, University of Tampere, Medical School, Tampere, Finland</aff><aff id="A57"><label>57</label>Division of Clinical Neurology, Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK</aff><aff id="A58"><label>58</label>Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A59"><label>59</label>Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</aff><aff id="A60"><label>60</label>Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Neurology Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A61"><label>61</label>Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A62"><label>62</label>KORAgen, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</aff><aff id="A63"><label>63</label>Department of Clinical Neurology, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK</aff><aff id="A64"><label>64</label>Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</aff><aff id="A65"><label>65</label>Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</aff><aff id="A66"><label>66</label>Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK</aff><aff id="A67"><label>67</label>Department of Neurology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK</aff><aff id="A68"><label>68</label>Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A69"><label>69</label>Department of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff><aff id="A70"><label>70</label>Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK</aff><aff id="A71"><label>71</label>Department of Neurology, Royal Devon and Exeter Foundaton Trust Hospital, Exeter, Devon, UK</aff><aff id="A72"><label>72</label>Keele University Medical School, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, UK</aff><aff id="A73"><label>73</label>UCL Genetics Institute (UGI), University College London, London, UK</aff><aff id="A74"><label>74</label>Department of Neurology, Poole General Hospital, Poole, UK</aff><aff id="A75"><label>75</label>Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK</aff><aff id="A76"><label>76</label>Institute for Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims), Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany</aff><aff id="A77"><label>77</label>Department of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A78"><label>78</label>Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neurology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK</aff><aff id="A79"><label>79</label>Australian Neuromuscular Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia</aff><aff id="A80"><label>80</label>Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia</aff><aff id="A81"><label>81</label>Melbourne Neuroscience Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="A82"><label>82</label>Department of Neurology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland</aff><aff id="A83"><label>83</label>IFM Bioinformatics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden</aff><aff id="A84"><label>84</label>Fondation Jean Dausset - Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Paris, France</aff><aff id="A85"><label>85</label>Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Institut Genomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France</aff><aff id="A86"><label>86</label>McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Canada</aff><aff id="A87"><label>87</label>Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHRU Nice, France</aff><aff id="A88"><label>88</label>Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia</aff><aff id="A89"><label>89</label>Department of Neurology, Ospedale Maggiore, Novara, Italy</aff><aff id="A90"><label>90</label>Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A91"><label>91</label>Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Neuropsychiatric Genetics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany</aff><aff id="A92"><label>92</label>Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborgs Universitet, Göteborg, Sweden</aff><aff id="A93"><label>93</label>Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA</aff><aff id="A94"><label>94</label>Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy</aff><aff id="A95"><label>95</label>Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</aff><aff id="A96"><label>96</label>Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand</aff><aff id="A97"><label>97</label>Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK</aff><aff id="A98"><label>98</label>Department of Neurology, The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway</aff><aff id="A99"><label>99</label>National Multiple Sclerosis Center Melsbroek, Melsbroek, Belgium</aff><aff id="A100"><label>100</label>Neurology Department, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK</aff><aff id="A101"><label>101</label>Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden</aff><aff id="A102"><label>102</label>Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK</aff><aff id="A103"><label>103</label>Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</aff><aff id="A104"><label>104</label>Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</aff><aff id="A105"><label>105</label>Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A106"><label>106</label>Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A107"><label>107</label>Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium</aff><aff id="A108"><label>108</label>Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK</aff><aff id="A109"><label>109</label>Department of Neurology, Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK</aff><aff id="A110"><label>110</label>Department of Neuroscience, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="A111"><label>111</label>Department of Neurology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK</aff><aff id="A112"><label>112</label>Department of Neurology, Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, Norwich, UK</aff><aff id="A113"><label>113</label>Department of Neurology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia</aff><aff id="A114"><label>114</label>Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway</aff><aff id="A115"><label>115</label>Department of Neurology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK</aff><aff id="A116"><label>116</label>Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy</aff><aff id="A117"><label>117</label>Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Molecular Neurology Programme, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</aff><aff id="A118"><label>118</label>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="A119"><label>119</label>Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK</aff><aff id="A120"><label>120</label>Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK</aff><aff id="A121"><label>121</label>Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</aff><aff id="A122"><label>122</label>Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A123"><label>123</label>Institut für Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A124"><label>124</label>Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</aff><aff id="A125"><label>125</label>Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Corresponding author: Jacob L. McCauley, <email>jmccauley@med.miami.edu</email></corresp><fn id="FN2" fn-type="equal"><label>126</label><p>These authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>9</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1353</fpage><lpage>1360</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1038/ng.2770</pmc-comment>
<permissions><license xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms"><license-p>Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms">http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p id="P1">Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analysed 14,498 multiple sclerosis subjects and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 potentially associated regions (p-value < 1.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup>). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 multiple sclerosis subjects and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (p-value < 5.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup>); three found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants in 103 discrete loci outside of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. With high resolution Bayesian fine-mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalogue of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine-mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><body><p id="P2">Multiple sclerosis (OMIM 126200) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that is a common cause of chronic neurological disability.<sup><xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>,<xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref></sup> It has its greatest prevalence amongst individuals of Northern European ancestry<sup><xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup> and is moderately heritable,<sup><xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup> with a sibling relative recurrence risk (λ<sub>s</sub>) of ~ 6.3.<sup><xref rid="R5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref></sup> Aside from the early success in demonstrating the important effects exerted by variants in the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes from the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC),<sup><xref rid="R6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></sup> there was little progress in unravelling the genetic architecture underlying multiple sclerosis susceptibility prior to the advent of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Over the last decade, our Consortium has performed several GWAS and meta-analyses in large cohorts, <sup><xref rid="R7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>-<xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup> cumulatively identifying more than 50 non-MHC susceptibility alleles. As in other complex diseases, available data suggest that many additional susceptibility alleles remain to be identified.<sup><xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup></p><p id="P3">The striking overlap in the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to autoimmune diseases<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>,<xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>,<xref rid="R12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>,<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup> prompted the collaborative construction of the “ImmunoChip” (see <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note and Supplementary Figs. 1 and 2</xref> for details of IMSGC nominated content), an efficient genotyping platform designed to deeply interrogate 184 non-MHC loci with genome-wide significant associations to at least one autoimmune disease and provide lighter coverage of other genomic regions with suggestive evidence of association.<sup><xref rid="R14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref></sup> Here, we report a large-scale effort that leverages the ImmunoChip to detect association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility and refine these associations via Bayesian fine-mapping.</p><p id="P4">After stringent quality control (QC), we report genotypes on 28,487 individuals of European ancestry (14,498 multiple sclerosis subjects, 13,989 healthy controls) that are independent of previous GWAS efforts. We supplemented these data with 10,102 independent control subjects provided by the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC)<sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref></sup> bringing the total to 38,589 individuals (14,498 multiple sclerosis subjects and 24,091 healthy controls). We performed variant level QC, population outlier identification, and subsequent case-control analysis in 11 country-organized strata. To account for within-stratum population stratification we used the first five principal components as covariates in the association analysis. Per stratum odds ratios (OR) and respective standard errors (SE) were then combined with an inverse variance meta-analysis under a fixed effects model. In total we tested 161,311 autosomal variants that passed QC in at least two of the 11 strata (Online Methods). A circos plot<sup><xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref></sup> summarising the results from this discovery phase analysis is shown in <xref rid="F1" ref-type="fig">Figure 1</xref>.</p><p id="P5">We defined an <italic>a priori</italic> discovery threshold of p-value <1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> and identified 135 primary statistically independent association signals; 67 in the designated fine-mapping regions and 68 in less densely covered regions selected for deep replication of earlier GWAS. Another 13 secondary and 2 tertiary statistically independent signals were identified by forward stepwise logistic regression. A total of 48 of the 150 statistically independent association signals (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 1</xref>) reached a genome-wide significance p-value <5 × 10<sup>-8</sup> at the discovery phase alone. Next, we replicated our findings in 14,802 multiple sclerosis subjects and 26,703 healthy controls with available GWAS data imputed to the 1000 Genomes European phase I (a) panel (Online Methods). Finally, we performed a joint analysis of the discovery and replication phases.</p><p id="P6">We identified 97 statistically independent SNPs meeting replication criteria (p<sub>replication</sub> < 0.05, p<sub>joint</sub> < 5 × 10<sup>-8</sup>, and p<sub>joint</sub> < p<sub>discovery</sub>); 93 primary signals (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Figs. 3-95</xref>) and four secondary signals. Of these, 48 are novel to multiple sclerosis (<xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>) and 49 correspond to previously identified multiple sclerosis effects (<xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">Table 2</xref>). An additional 11 independent SNPs showed suggestive evidence of association (p<sub>joint</sub> < 1 × 10<sup>-6</sup>) (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 2</xref>).</p><p id="P7">The strongest novel association, rs12087340 (p<sub>joint</sub> = 1.1 × 10<sup>-20</sup>, OR = 1.21), lies between <italic>BCL10</italic> (B-cell CLL / lymphoma 10) and <italic>DDAH1</italic> (dimethylarginine dimethylaminohylaminohydrolase 1). The protein encoded by <italic>BCL10</italic> contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and has been shown to activate NF-kappaB.<sup><xref rid="R17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref></sup> The latter is a signalling molecule that plays an important role in controlling gene expression in inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. It has been pursued as a potential therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis.<sup><xref rid="R18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref></sup><italic>BCL10</italic> is also reported to interact with other CARD domain containing proteins including <italic>CARD11</italic>.<sup><xref rid="R19" ref-type="bibr">19</xref></sup> We have also identified a novel association of rs1843938 (p<sub>joint</sub> = 1.2 × 10<sup>-10</sup>, OR = 1.08), which is only 30 kb from <italic>CARD11</italic>.</p><p id="P8">One novel SNP was found within an exon, rs2288904 (p<sub>joint</sub> = 1.6 × 10<sup>-11</sup>, OR= 1.10); a missense variant in <italic>SLC44A2</italic> (solute carrier family 44, member 2). Notably, this variant is also reported as a monocyte-specifccis-acting eQTL for the antisense transcript of the nearby <italic>ILF3</italic> (interleukin enhancer binding factor 3).<sup><xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref></sup> This protein was first discovered to be a subunit of a nuclear factor found in activated T-cells, which is required for T-cell expression of <italic>IL2</italic>, an important molecule regulating many aspects of inflammation.</p><p id="P9">Of the 49 previously identified effects,<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>,<xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>,<xref rid="R21" ref-type="bibr">21</xref></sup> 37 are in designated fine-mapping regions, and 23 of these 37 signals were localized to a single gene based on genomic position (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 3</xref>). Recognizing that proximity does not necessarily indicate functional importance, this emphasizes the utility of dense mapping in localizing signals from a genome-wide screen. The ImmunoChip analysis furthered the understanding of previously proposed secondary signals at three loci (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note and Supplementary Tables 4-6</xref>); in particular we showed that the effects of two previously proposed independent associations at the <italic>IL2RA</italic> locus are driven by a single variant, rs2104286.<sup><xref rid="R7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>,<xref rid="R22" ref-type="bibr">22</xref></sup>.</p><p id="P10">In an effort to define the functionally relevant variants underlying these associations, we further studied the regions surrounding the 97 associated SNPs using both a Bayesian and frequentist approach in 6,356 multiple sclerosis subjects and 9,617 healthy controls from the UK (Online Methods).<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup> Based on imputation quality, fine-mapping was possible in 68 regions (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 7</xref>): 66 of 93 primary (<xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2A</xref>) and two of four secondary. Eight of the 68 regions were fine-mapped to high resolution (<xref rid="T3" ref-type="table">Table 3</xref>, <xref rid="F2" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2B</xref> and <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Fig. 96</xref>). One third of the variants identified in these eight regions were imputed, indicating reliance on imputation even with dense genotyping coverage.</p><p id="P11">To assess whether functional annotation<sup><xref rid="R24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref></sup> provides clues about the molecular mechanisms associated with genetic risk, we considered the relationship of variants to described coding and regulatory features in these eight regions. Although we found no variants with missense or nonsense effects, there was a notable enrichment for variants with functional effects: one known to affect splicing,<sup><xref rid="R25" ref-type="bibr">25</xref></sup> three known to correlate with RNA or serum protein levels<sup><xref rid="R22" ref-type="bibr">22</xref>,<xref rid="R26" ref-type="bibr">26</xref>,<xref rid="R27" ref-type="bibr">27</xref></sup> and several in transcription-factor binding and DNase I hypersensitive sites.<sup><xref rid="R28" ref-type="bibr">28</xref>, <xref rid="R29" ref-type="bibr">29</xref></sup> Four of the 18 variants in the fine-mapped regions are within conserved regions (GERP > 2).<sup><xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></sup> This lack of functional annotation likely reflects the limited repertoire of reference expression and epigenomic profiles and suggests that the function of the variants may be cell-type or cell-state specific, as has been reported for many eQTLs in immune cell types.<sup><xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref></sup></p><p id="P12">To determine the Gene Ontology (GO) processes of the 97 associated variants, we used MetaCore from Thomson Reuters (Online Methods). We found the majority of the 97 variants lie within 50 kb of genes having immunological function. Of the 86 unique genes represented, 35 are linked to the GO immune system process (<xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref> and <xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">Table 2</xref>). We do not see a substantial over- or under- representation of certain GO processes when comparing the novel and previously identified loci, but this may be a limitation of ImmunoChip targeting genomic loci enriched for immunologically active genes, with more subtle distinctions between them not adequately captured by broad annotations such as GO.</p><p id="P13">Finally, we explored the overlap between our findings and those in autoimmune diseases with reported ImmunoChip analyses. We calculated the percentage of multiple sclerosis signals (110 non-MHC, <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 8</xref>) overlapping those of other autoimmune diseases by requiring an r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.8 between the best variants reported in each study using SNAP.<sup><xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref></sup> In total we find that ~22% of our signals overlap at least one other autoimmune disease. More specificially, ~9.1% overlap with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - ~7.3% with ulcerative colitis (UC), ~9.1% with Crohn’s disease (CD) -<sup><xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref></sup>, ~9.1% with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC),<sup><xref rid="R32" ref-type="bibr">32</xref>, <xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref></sup> ~4.5% with celiac disease (CeD),<sup><xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref></sup> ~4.5% with rheumatoid arthritis (RhA),<sup><xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref></sup> ~0.9% with psoriasis (PS),<sup><xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref></sup> and ~2.7% with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).<sup><xref rid="R37" ref-type="bibr">37</xref></sup> We report the same top variant seen in PBC for 7 loci. We also note that our best <italic>TYK2</italic> variant (rs34536443)<sup><xref rid="R38" ref-type="bibr">38</xref></sup> is also the most associated variant for PBC, PS and RhA. Lastly, AITD, CeD, PBC, and RhA report variants with pairwise r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.8 to the multiple sclerosis variant near <italic>MMEL1</italic><sup><xref rid="R39" ref-type="bibr">39</xref></sup> (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 8</xref>).</p><p id="P14">In summary, we have identified 48 new multiple sclerosis susceptibility variants. These novel loci expand our understanding of the immune system processes implicated in multiple sclerosis. We estimate that the 110 non-MHC established risk variants explain 20% of the sibling recurrence risk; 28% including the already identified MHC effects<sup><xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup> (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note</xref>). Additionally, we have identified five regions where consistent high resolution fine-mapping implicated one variant which accounted for more than 50% of the posterior in previously identified regions of <italic>TNFSF14, IL2RA, TNFRSF1A, IL12A</italic>, and <italic>STAT4</italic>. Our study further implicates NF-kappaB in multiple sclerosis pathobiology<sup><xref rid="R18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref></sup>, emphasizes the value of dense fine-mapping in large follow-up data sets, and exposes the urgent need for functional annotation in relevant tissues. Understanding the implicated networks and their relation to environmental risk factors will promote the development of rational therapies and may enable the development of preventive strategies.</p><sec id="S1"><title>Online Methods</title><sec id="S2"><title>ImmunoChip data (discovery set)</title><p id="P15">Details of case ascertainment, processing and genotyping for the discovery phase are provided in the <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note (Supplementary Table 9)</xref>. Genotype calling for all samples was performed using Opticall.<sup><xref rid="R40" ref-type="bibr">40</xref></sup> Samples that performed poorly or were determined to be related were removed (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 10</xref>). The data were organized in 11 country level strata: ANZ (Australia + New Zealand), Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom (UK), and the United States of America (USA). SNP level quality control (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 11</xref>) and population outlier identification using principal components analysis (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Fig. 97</xref>) were done in each stratum separately.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Discovery set analysis</title><p id="P16">We applied logistic regression, assuming a per-allelic genetic model per data set, including the first five principal components as covariates to correct for population stratification (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 12</xref> lists the per data set genomic inflation factors, λ). We then performed an inverse-variance meta-analysis of the 11 strata, under a fixed effects model, as implemented in PLINK.<sup><xref rid="R41" ref-type="bibr">41</xref></sup> To be more conservative and account for any residual inflation in the test statistic, we applied the genomic control equivalent to the per-SNP standard error in each stratum. Specifically, we corrected the SNP standard errors by multiplying them with the square root of the raw genomic inflation factor λ, per data set, if the λ was >1.</p><p id="P17">Within the designated fine-mapping intervals, we applied a forward stepwise logistic regression to identify statistically independent effects. The primary SNP in each interval was included as a covariate, and the association analysis was repeated for the remaining SNPs. This process was repeated until no SNPs reached the minimum level of significance (p-value <1 × 10<sup>-4</sup>). Outside of the designated fine-mapping intervals, all SNPs having a p-value <1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> were identified and grouped into sets based on a physical distance of less than 2Mb and a similar stepwise regression model was applied. Any SNPs to enter the model with p-value <1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> after conditioning were considered statistically independent primary signals.</p><p id="P18">In addition, because of the close physical proximity between some fine-mapping intervals and SNP sets, independence was tested for all identified signals within 2Mb of one another. The and cluster plots (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Fig. 98</xref>) of all independent SNPs were examined, and the SNP was excluded if unsatisfactory. If any SNP was excluded, the forward stepwise logistic regression within that fine-mapping interval or SNP set was repeated after removal of the SNP. During this process, 17 additional SNPs were excluded based on cluster or forest plot review.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Replication Set</title><p id="P19">The replication phase included GWAS data organized into 15 strata. Within each stratum, poorly performing samples (call rate < 95%, gender discordance, excess heterozygosity) and poorly performing SNPs (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) p-value <1 × 10<sup>-6</sup>, minor allele frequency (MAF) < 1%, call rate < 95%) were removed. Principal components analysis was performed to identify population outliers per stratum, and the genomic control inflation factor was < 1.1 for each. The data included in the final discovery and replication analyses are summarized in <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 13 and Supplementary Table 14</xref>. All the samples used in the replication set were unrelated to those in the discovery set; verified by identity-by-descent analysis.</p><p id="P20">We attempted replication of all non-MHC independent signals that reached a discovery p-value of <1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> in a meta-analysis set of GWAS. Each data set was imputed to the 1000 Genomes European phase I (a) panel using BEAGLE<sup><xref rid="R42" ref-type="bibr">42</xref></sup> to maximize the overlap between the Immunochip SNP content and the GWAS data. Post-imputation genotypic probabilities were used in a logistic regression model, per stratum, to estimate SNP effect sizes and p-values. By using the post-imputation genotypic probabilities, we penalized SNPs that didn’t have good imputation quality, thus ensuring a conservative analysis. Furthermore, we accounted for population stratification in each data set by including the first five principal components in the logistic model. We then meta-analysed the effect size and respective standard errors of the 15 strata using a fixed effects model inverse-variance method. We applied the genomic control equivalent to the per-SNP standard error in each stratum, controlling for the respective genomic inflation factor λ (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 14</xref>).</p><p id="P21">To replicate the primary SNPs per identified signal in the discovery phase, we used the replication effect size and respective standard error. For the secondary and tertiary SNPs, we fitted the same exact models as in the discovery phase, per data set. We then performed fixed effects meta-analysis to estimate an effect size that corresponds to the same logistic model. In the case that a SNP was not present in the replication set, we replaced it with a perfectly tagging SNP, i.e. a SNP that had r<sup>2</sup> and D’ equal to 1. If a perfectly tagging SNP was not available, we selected a SNP that had equivalent MAF and the highest possible r<sup>2</sup> and D’. Estimation of r<sup>2</sup> and D’ for this objective were based on the ImmunoChip control samples.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Joint analysis (discovery and replication sets)</title><p id="P22">The discovery and replication phase effect sizes and respective standards errors were meta-analysed under a fixed effects model. A SNP was considered replicated when all three of the following criteria were met: 1) replication p-value <5.0 × 10<sup>-2</sup>, 2) joint p-value <5 × 10<sup>-8</sup>, and 3) the joint p-value was more statistically significant than the discovery p-value. SNPs that reached a p-value of <1 × 10<sup>-6</sup> but did not pass the genome-wide threshold, were coined suggested if the above criteria 1) and 3) were met.</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Fine-mapping of association signals</title><p id="P23">To fine-map signals of association we used a combination of imputation and Bayesian methodology.<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup> Around each of the 97 associated SNPs, 2Mb were isolated in the discovery and replication phase UK data as well as the European samples from the Phase 1 1000G.<sup><xref rid="R28" ref-type="bibr">28</xref></sup> Forming the single largest cohort, only UK samples were considered to minimize the effects of differential imputation quality between populations of different ancestry. In addition to the previous quality control, SNPs with failed alignment or a difference in MAF > 10% between the typed cohorts and the 1000G samples, MAF < 1%, or HWE p-value <1.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup> were removed.</p><p id="P24">Imputation was performed separately for the UK discovery and replication cohorts on each 2Mb region using the default settings of IMPUTEv2.<sup><xref rid="R43" ref-type="bibr">43</xref>,<xref rid="R44" ref-type="bibr">44</xref></sup> Missing genotypes in the genotyped SNPs were not imputed, and any imputed SNP that failed the HWE and MAF threshold was subsequently removed. We carried out frequentist and Bayesian association tests on all SNPs in each cohort separately, assuming additivity, using the default settings of SNPTESTv2.<sup><xref rid="R45" ref-type="bibr">45</xref></sup> Frequentist fixed-effect meta-analysis was carried out using the software META.<sup><xref rid="R46" ref-type="bibr">46</xref></sup> Bayesian meta-analysis was carried out using an independence prior (near-identical results were obtained using a fixed-effect Bayesian meta-analysis).</p><p id="P25">To identify regions where reliable fine-mapping could be achieved, we used the information score (INFO, obtained from IMPUTEv2) as identified from the 1000G samples. Specifically, we measured the fraction of variants with both <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> > 0.5 and <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> > 0.8 to the primary associated variant, having greater than 50% and 80% INFO scores respectively. Regions where any SNP with <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> > 0.5 had INFO < 50% were excluded. We also excluded regions where the top hit from imputation had an INFO score less than 80%. Regions were considered to be fine-mapped with high quality when all variants with <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> > 0.8 had at least 80% INFO. Within these regions, we excluded variants where the inferred direction of association was opposite in the UK discovery and replication cohorts.</p><p id="P26">To measure the posterior probability that any single variant drives association, we calculated the Bayes Factor. Under the assumption that there is a single causal variant in the region, this is proportional to the probability that the variant drives the association.<sup><xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref></sup> We identified the smallest set of variants that contained 90% and 50% of the posterior probability. We called a region successfully and consistently fine-mapped if there were at most five variants in the 50% confidence interval and the top SNP from the frequentist analysis lived in the 90% confidence interval. For these regions, we annotated variants with information about evolutionary conservation, predicted coding consequence, regulation, published associations to expression or DNase I hypersensitive sites using ANNOVAR,<sup><xref rid="R47" ref-type="bibr">47</xref></sup> VEP,<sup><xref rid="R24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref></sup> and the eQTL browser, a recent immune cell expression study<sup><xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref></sup>, and other literature.</p></sec><sec id="S7"><title>Gene Ontology</title><p id="P27">To determine the GO processes for which our associated variants were involved, we used MetaCore from Thomson Reuters. We annotated the processes for the unique genes within 50Kb of the variants.</p></sec><sec id="S8"><title>Cross disease comparison</title><p id="P28">In order to explore the potential overlap with variants identified across other autoimmune diseases, we calculated the percentage overlap of reported variants found in other ImmunoChip reports to our ImmunoChip results. The top variants reported as either novel or previously known in other ImmunoChip reports were compared with the 110 variants representing both our novel and previous discoveries in multiple sclerosis. In order for a signal to be considered as overlapping, we required an r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.8 using the Pairwise LD function of the SNAP tool in European samples.<sup><xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref></sup></p></sec><sec id="S9"><title>Secondary analyses</title><p id="P29">We performed a severity based analysis of MSSS in cases only from the discovery phase (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Fig. 99</xref>). In addition, a transmission disequilibrium test was done in 633 trios to test for transmission of the 97 identified risk alleles (<xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Fig. 100</xref>). Details are given in the <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note</xref>.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="supplementary-material" id="S10"><title>Supplementary Material</title><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD2"><label>1</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS521200-supplement-1.pdf" mimetype="application" mime-subtype="pdf" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e2848" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD3"><label>2</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS521200-supplement-2.xlsx" mimetype="application" mime-subtype="vnd.ms-excel" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d37e2852" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material></sec></body><back><ack id="S11"><p>We thank participants, referring nurses, physicians, and funders - National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust, UK MS Society, UK Medical Research Council, US National MS Society, Cambridge NIHR BRC, DeNDRon, Bibbi and Niels Jensens Foundation, Swedish Brain Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Foundation for Strategic Research, Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Institutet, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Fondation d’Aide pour la Recherche sur la Sclérose En Plaques, Association Française contre les Myopathies, GIS-IBISA, German Ministry for Education and Research, German Competence Network MS, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Munich Biotec Cluster M4, Fidelity Biosciences Research Initiative, Research Foundation Flanders, Research Fund KU Leuven, Belgian Charcot Foundation, Gemeinnützige Hertie Stiftung, University Zurich, Danish MS Society, Danish Council for Strategic Research, Academy of Finland, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Helsinki University, Italian MS Foundation, Fondazione Cariplo, Italian Ministry of University and Research, CRT Foundation of Turin, Italian Ministry of Health, Italian Institute of Experimental Neurology, MS association of Oslo, Norwegian Research Council, South Eastern Norwegian Health Authorities, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, Dutch MS Foundation, Kaiser Permanente. We acknowledge British 1958 Birth Cohort, UK National Blood Service, Vanderbilt University Medical Center’s BioVU DNA Resources Core, Centre de Ressources Biologiques du Réseau Français d’Etude Génétique de la Sclérose en Plaques, Norwegian Bone Marrow Registry, Norwegian MS Registry and Biobank, North American Research Committee on MS Registry, Brigham and Womens Hospital PhenoGenetic Project and DILGOM funded by the Academy of Finland. See <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Note</xref> for details.</p></ack><fn-group><fn id="FN3" fn-type="con"><p><bold>Author Contributions</bold></p><p>M.F.D., D. Booth, A.O., J.S., B. Fontaine, B.H., C. Martin, F.Z., S.D.’A., F.M.-B., B.T., H.F.H., I. Kockum, J. Hillert, T.O., J.R.O., R.H., L.F.B., C. Agliardi, L.A., L. Bernardinelli, V.B., S.B., B.B., L. Brundin, D. Buck, H. Butzkeuven, W. Camu, P.C., E.G.C., I.C., G.C., I.C.-R., B.A.C.C., G.D., S.R.D., A.D.S., B.D., M.D., I.E., F.E., N.E., J.F., A.F., I.Y.F., D.G., C. Graetz, A. Graham, C. Guaschino, C. Halfpenny, G. Hall, J. Harley, T.H., C. Hawkins, C. Hillier, J. Hobart, M.H., I.J., A.J., B.K., A. Kermode, T. Kilpatrick, K.K., T. Korn, H.K., C.L.-F., J.L.-S, M.H.L., M.A.L., G.L., B.A.L., C.M.L., F.L., J. Lycke, S.M., C.P.M., R.M., V.M., D.M., G. Mazibrada, J.M., K.M., G.N., R.N., P.N., F.P., S.E.P., H.Q., M. Reunanen, W.R., N.P.R., M. Rodegher, D.R., M. Salvetti, F.S., R.C.S., C. Schaefer, S. Shaunak, L.S., S. Shields, V.S., M. Slee, P.S.S., M. Sospedra, A. Spurkland, V.T., J.T., A.T., P.T., C.V.D., E.M.V., S.V., J.S.W., A.W., J.F.W., J.Z., E.Z., J.L.H., M.A.P.-V., G.S., D.H., S.L.H., A.C., P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. were involved with case ascertainment and phenotyping. A. Kemppinen, D. Booth, A. Goris, A.O., B. Fontaine, S.D.’A., F.M.-B., H.F.H., I. Kockum, M.B., J.R.O., L.F.B., IIBDGC, H.B.S., A. Baker, N.B., L. Bergamaschi, I.L.B., P.B., D. Buck, S.J.C., L. Corrado, L. Cosemans, I.C.-R., V.D., J.F., A.F., V.G., I.J., I. Konidari, V.L., C.M.L., M. Lindén, J. Link, C. McCabe, I.M., H.Q., M. Sorosina, E.S., H.W., P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. processed the DNA. A. Kemppinen, A.O., B. Fontaine, M.B., R.H., L.F.B., WTCCC2, IIBDGC, R.A., H.B.S., N.B., T.M.C.B., H. Blackburn, P.B., W. Carpentier, L. Corrado, I.C.-R., D.C., V.D., P. Deloukas, S.E., A.F., H.H., P.H., A. Hamsten, S.E.H., I.J., I. Konidari, C.L., M. Larsson, M. Lathrop, F.M., I.M., J.M., H.Q., F.S., M. Sorosina, C.V.D., J.W., D.H., P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. conducted and supervised the genotyping of samples. A.H.B., N.A.P., D.K.X., M.F.D., A. Kemppinen, C.C., T.S.S., C. Spencer, M.B., IIBDGC, C. Anderson, S.E.B., A.T.D., P. Donnelly, B. Fiddes, P.G., G. Hellenthal, S.E.H., L.M., M.P., N.C.S.-B., J.L.H., M.A.P.-V., G. McVean, P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. performed the statistical analysis. A.H.B., N.A.P., D.K.X., M.F.D., A. Kemppinen, C.C., T.S.S., C. Spencer, D. Booth, A. Goris, A.O., J.S., B. Fontaine, B.H., F.Z., S.D.’A., F.M.-B., H.F.H., I. Kockum, M.B., R.H., L.F.B., C. Agliardi, M.A., C. Anderson, R.A., H.B.S., A. Baker, G.B., N.B., J.B., C.B., L. Bernardinelli, A. Berthele, V.B., T.M.C.B., H. Blackburn, I.L.B., B.B., D. Buck, S.J.C., W. Camu, P.C., E.G.C., I.C., G.C., L. Corrado, L. Cosemans, I.C.-R., B.A.C.C., D.C., G.D., S.R.D., P. Deloukas, A.D.S., A.T.D., P. Donnelly, B.D., M.D., S.E., F.E., N.E., B. Fiddes, J.F., A.F., C.F., D.G., C. Gieger, C. Graetz, A. Graham, V.G., C. Guaschino, A. Hadjixenofontos, H.H., C. Halfpenny, P.H., G. Hall, A. Hamsten, J. Harley, T.H., C. Hawkins, G. Hellenthal, C. Hillier, J. Hobart, M.H., S.E.H., I.J., A.J., B.K., I. Konidari, H.K., C.L., M. Larsson, M. Lathrop, C.L.-F., M.A.L., V.L., G.L., B.A.L., C.M.L., F.M., C.P.M., R.M., V.M., G. Mazibrada, C. McCabe, I.M., L.M., K.M., R.N., M.P., S.E.P., H.Q., N.P.R., M. Rodegher, D.R., M. Salvetti, N.C.S.-B., R.C.S., C. Schaefer, S. Shaunak, L.S., S. Shields, M. Sospedra, A. Strange, J.T., A.T., E.M.V., A.W., J.F.W., J.W., J.Z., J.L.H., A.J.I., G. McVean, P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. collected and managed the project data. A.H.B., N.A.P., M.F.D., A. Kemppinen, C.C., T.S.S., C. Spencer, J.S., B.H., F.Z., S.D.’A., F.M.-B., H.F.H., J. Hillert, T.O., M.B., J.R.O., R.H., L.F.B., L.A., C. Anderson, G.B., J.B., C.B., A. Berthele, E.G.C., G.C., P. Donnelly, F.E., C.F., C. Gieger, C. Graetz, G. Hellenthal, M.J., T. Korn, M.A.L., R.M., M.P., M. Sospedra, A. Spurkland, A. Strange, J.W., J.L.H., M.A.P.-V., A.J.I., G.S., D.H., S.L.H., A.C., G. McVean, P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. contributed to the study concept and design. A.H.B., N.A.P., D.K.X., G. McVean, P.D.J., S.J.S. and J.L.M. prepared the manuscript. 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The outer most track shows the numbered autosomal chromosomes. The second track indicates the gene closest to the most associated SNP meeting all replication criteria. Previously identified associations are indicated in grey. The third track indicates the physical position of the 184 fine-mapping intervals (green). The inner most track indicates −log(p) (two-sided) for each SNP (scaled from 0-12 which truncates the signal in several regions, see <xref rid="SD2" ref-type="supplementary-material">Supplementary Table 1</xref>). Additionally, contour lines are given at the <italic>a priori</italic> discovery(−log(p) = 4) and genome-wide significance (-log(p) = 7.3) thresholds. Orange indicates -log(p) ≥ 4 and < 7.3, while red indicates −log(p) ≥ 7.3. Details of the full discovery phase results can be found in ImmunoBase.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms521200f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Bayesian fine-mapping within primary regions of association</title><p>a) Summary of the extent of fine-mapping across 66 regions in 9,617 healthy controls from the UK, showing the the physical extent of, the number of variants, and the number of genes spanned by the posterior 90% and 50% credible sets. b) Detail of fine-mapping in region of <italic>TNFSF14</italic>. Above the x-axis indicates the Bayes Factor summarizing evidence for association for the SNPs prior to conditioning (blue markers) while below the x-axis indicates the Bayes Factor after conditioning on the lead SNP (rs1077667). Mb=Megabases.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="nihms521200f2"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T1" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>48 Novel non-MHC susceptibility loci associated with multiple sclerosis at a genome-wide significance level</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"></th><th align="center" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Discovery</th><th align="center" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Replication</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Joint</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1"></th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="14" valign="bottom" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SNP</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chr</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position<xref rid="TFN4" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref></th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RA</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RAF</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RAF</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gene<xref rid="TFN5" ref-type="table-fn">b</xref></th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs3007421</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6530189</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.6 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.7 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PLEKHG5</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12087340</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">85746993</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.1 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.22</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.9 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>BCL10</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11587876</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">85915183</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.4 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.9 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.4 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DDAH1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs666930</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">120258970</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.5 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.0 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PHGDH</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2050568</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">157770241</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.54</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FCRL1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs35967351</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">160711804</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.9 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.4 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>SLAMF7</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4665719</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25017860</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.1 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CENPO</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs842639</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">61095245</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.65</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-14</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>FLJ16341</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ncRNA</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs9967792</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">191974435</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>STAT4</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11719975</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18785585</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.28</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.1 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4679081</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">33013483</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.55</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CCR4</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs9828629</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71530346</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>FOXP1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2726518</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">106173199</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.55</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.58</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.7 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TET2</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs756699</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">133446575</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.87</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.88</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.8 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TCF7</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">none<xref rid="TFN6" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">141506564</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.61</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.0 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>NDFIP1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4976646</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">176788570</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.0 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.4 × 10<sup>-18</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>RGS14</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs17119</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14719496</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.80</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs941816</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36375304</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PXT1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1843938</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3113034</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.44</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.44</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CARD11</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs706015</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27014988</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.9 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs917116</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28172739</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>JAZF1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs60600003</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37382465</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.2 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.0 × 10<sup>-14</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ELMO1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs201847125<xref rid="TFN7" ref-type="table-fn">d</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50325567</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.70</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.9 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.70</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.7 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IKZF1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2456449</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">128192981</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.37</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs793108</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31415106</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.6 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.51</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.1 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2688608</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">75658349</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.55</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.4 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.56</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.6 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>C10orf55</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7120737</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">47702395</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.6 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>AGBL2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs694739</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">64097233</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>PRDX5</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs9736016</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">118724894</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.63</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.63</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.6 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.0 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CXCR5</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12296430</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6503500</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.2 × 10<sup>-14</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>LTBR</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4772201</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100086259</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.82</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MIR548AN</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12148050</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">103263788</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.35</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.1 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TRAF3</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs59772922</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79207466</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CTSH</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs8042861</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90977333</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.44</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.8 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.45</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.4 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IQGAP1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs6498184</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11435990</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.82</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.4 × 10<sup>-18</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>RMI2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7204270<xref rid="TFN11" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30156963</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.3 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.49</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>MAPK3</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1886700</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">68685905</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.2 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CDH3</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12149527</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79110596</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>WWOX</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7196953</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79649394</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.29</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.6 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.30</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.9 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MAF</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12946510</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37912377</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.48</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.0 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.9 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IKZF3</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4794058</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45597098</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>NPEPPS</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2288904</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10742170</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.77</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.6 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.78</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SLC44A2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">exonic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1870071</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16505106</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.29</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.7 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.30</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.6 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>EPS15L1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs17785991</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48438761</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.35</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.4 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.9 × 10<sup>-3</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.05</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SLC9A8</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2256814</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">62373983</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.4 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SLC2A4RG</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>Secondary</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7769192<xref rid="TFN8" ref-type="table-fn">e</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137962655</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.55</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.54</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.1 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs533646<xref rid="TFN9" ref-type="table-fn">f</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">118566746</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.6 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TREH</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4780346<xref rid="TFN10" ref-type="table-fn">g</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11288806</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.23</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.4 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CLEC16A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN1"><p>All listed signals had a discovery P-value ≤ 1.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup>, a replication P-value ≤ 5.0 × 10<sup>-2</sup>, and a joint P-value ≤ 5.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup></p></fn><fn id="TFN2"><p>All P-values are two-sided</p></fn><fn id="TFN3"><p>RA= Risk Allele, RAF = Risk Allele Frequency</p></fn><fn id="TFN4"><label>a</label><p>Position is based on human genome 19 and dbSNP 137.</p></fn><fn id="TFN5"><label>b</label><p>Nearest gene listed if within 50Kb. Bold indicates Gene Ontology Immune System Process.</p></fn><fn id="TFN6"><label>c</label><p>A proxy SNP (rs1036207, r<sup>2</sup> = 0.99) and</p></fn><fn id="TFN7"><label>d</label><p>(rs716719, r<sup>2</sup>=1.00) was used in replication.</p></fn><fn id="TFN8"><label>e</label><p>The P-value and OR values provided are after conditioning on rs67297943 (Known – see <xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">Table 2</xref>),</p></fn><fn id="TFN9"><label>f</label><p>rs9736016, and</p></fn><fn id="TFN10"><label>g</label><p>rs12927355 (Known – see <xref rid="T2" ref-type="table">Table 2</xref>).</p></fn><fn id="TFN11"><label>*</label><p>Note primary was rs11865086 (P-value = 1.77 × 10<sup>-8</sup>) in Discovery but not available in Replication so the best proxy was used.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>49 Known non-MHC susceptibility loci associated with multiple sclerosis at a genome-wide significance level</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" colspan="4" rowspan="1"></th><th align="center" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Discovery</th><th align="center" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Replication</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Joint</th><th align="center" colspan="2" rowspan="1"></th></tr><tr><th align="center" colspan="14" valign="bottom" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SNP</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chr</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position<xref rid="TFN15" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref></th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RA</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RAF</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RAF</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OR</th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gene<xref rid="TFN16" ref-type="table-fn">b</xref></th><th align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs3748817</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2525665</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.65</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.3 × 10<sup>-26</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MMEL1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs41286801</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">92975464</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.9 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-26</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>EVI5</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">UTR3</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7552544<xref rid="TFN19" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">101240893</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.56</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.43</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>VCAM1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs6677309</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">117080166</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.88</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-28</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.34</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.88</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.1 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-42</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.29</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CD58</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1359062</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">192541472</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.82</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.83</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.8 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>RGS1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs55838263</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200874728</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.71</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.71</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.0 × 10<sup>-19</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>C1orf106</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2163226</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43361256</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.71</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.73</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.8 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7595717</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">68587477</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.26</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.8 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>PLEK</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs9989735</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">231115454</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.8 × 10<sup>-14</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.8 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.2 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>SP140</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2371108</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27757018</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.38</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.39</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.8 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>EOMES</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">downstream</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1813375</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28078571</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.7 × 10<sup>-18</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.49</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.4 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-32</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1131265</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">119222456</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.80</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.81</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.8 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TIMMDC1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">exonic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1920296<xref rid="TFN19" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">121543577</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.8 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 × 10<sup>-22</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IQCB1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2255214<xref rid="TFN19" ref-type="table-fn">*</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">121770539</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.3 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-24</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CD86</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1014486</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">159691112</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.43</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.44</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-18</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IL12A</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7665090</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">103551603</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.4 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MANBA</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs6881706</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35879156</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.9 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.73</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-17</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IL7R</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs6880778</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40399096</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.61</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.9 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.1 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs71624119</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">55440730</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.76</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.7 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.76</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.4 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ANKRD55</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs72928038</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">90976768</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.6 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.0 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>BACH2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11154801</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">135739355</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.37</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.37</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>AHI1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs17066096</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137452908</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.23</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.9 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.1 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IL22RA2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs67297943</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">138244816</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.78</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.8 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.80</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TNFAIP3</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs212405</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">159470559</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">T</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.64</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.0 × 10<sup>-21</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TAGAP</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1021156</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">79575804</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.6 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.26</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.1 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5 × 10<sup>-17</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZC2HC1A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4410871</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">128815029</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.4 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MIR1204</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs759648</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">129158945</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.31</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.31</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.0 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>MIR1208</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2104286</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6099045</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.72</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.6 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.73</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 × 10<sup>-26</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.23</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3 × 10<sup>-47</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.22</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IL2RA</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1782645</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">81048611</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.43</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.41</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.2 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>ZMIZ1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7923837</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">94481917</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.61</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.6 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-17</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>HHEX</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34383631</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60793330</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.40</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.7 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.39</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CD6</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1800693</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6440009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.40</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.9 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.41</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.7 × 10<sup>-28</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TNFRSF1A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11052877</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9905690</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.38</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.6 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CD69</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">UTR3</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs201202118<xref rid="TFN17" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58182062</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.4 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.6 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.0 × 10<sup>-22</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TSFM</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs7132277</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">123593382</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10-<sup><xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>PITPNM2</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2236262</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">69261472</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.50</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.8 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>ZFP36L1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs74796499</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">88432328</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.95</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.5 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.31</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.95</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.5 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.33</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.4 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.32</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>GALC</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs12927355</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11194771</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.68</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.2 × 10<sup>-27</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.69</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.3 × 10<sup>-21</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.4 × 10<sup>-46</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CLEC16A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs35929052</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">85994484</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.89</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.88</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.6 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.9 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IRF8</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4796791</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40530763</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.36</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.7 × 10<sup>-20</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>STAT3</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs8070345</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">57816757</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.45</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.46</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.2 × 10<sup>-23</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>VMP1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1077667</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6668972</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.5 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.4 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.7 × 10<sup>-24</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.16</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TNFSF14</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34536443</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10463118</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.95</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.28</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.96</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.9 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.30</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-14</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.29</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>TYK2</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">exonic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs11554159</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18285944</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.73</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.6 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.74</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.9 × 10<sup>-24</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>IFI30</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">exonic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs8107548</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">49870643</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.26</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.13</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.7 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>DKKL1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4810485</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">44747947</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.4 × 10<sup>-12</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.7 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CD40</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2248359</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52791518</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">G</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.60</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.8 × 10<sup>-5</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.07</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.62</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8.2 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.0 × 10<sup>-13</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>CYP24A1</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intergenic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2283792</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22131125</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">C</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.51</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.1 × 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.08</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.4 × 10<sup>-11</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5 × 10<sup>-16</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>MAPK1</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>Secondary</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs523604<xref rid="TFN18" ref-type="table-fn">d</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">118755738</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.5 × 10<sup>-7</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.09</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.54</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4.0 × 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.2 × 10<sup>-15</sup></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold><italic>CXCR5</italic></bold></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN12"><p>All listed signals had a discovery P-value ≤ 1.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup>, a replication P-value ≤ 5.0 × 10<sup>-2</sup>, and a joint P-value ≤ 5.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup></p></fn><fn id="TFN13"><p>All P-values are two-sided</p></fn><fn id="TFN14"><p>RA = Risk Allele, RAF = Risk Allele Frequency</p></fn><fn id="TFN15"><label>a</label><p>Position is based on human genome 19 and dbSNP 137.</p></fn><fn id="TFN16"><label>b</label><p>Nearest gene listed if within 50Kb. Bold indicates Gene Ontology Immune System Process.</p></fn><fn id="TFN17"><label>c</label><p>A proxy SNP (rs10431552, r<sup>2</sup> = 0.99) was used in replication.</p></fn><fn id="TFN18"><label>d</label><p>The P-value and OR values provided are after conditioning on rs9736016 and rs533646 (both Novel – see <xref rid="T1" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>).</p></fn><fn id="TFN19"><label>*</label><p>These three SNPs were not primary in the 2011 GWAS, two were secondary and the third was tertiary in that study.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T3" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>The 18 variants from the 8 regions with consistent high resolution fine-mapping</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gene</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SNP</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chr</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Position<xref rid="TFN22" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref></th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Posterior</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">GERP</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Functional Annotation<xref rid="TFN23" ref-type="table-fn">b</xref></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>TNFSF14</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1077667</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6668972</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.74</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-3.89</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic, TFBS / DNase1 peak, correlates with serum levels of TNFSF14</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IL2RA</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs2104286</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6099045</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.93</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.47</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic, correlates with soluble IL-2RA levels</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="2" colspan="1"><italic>TNFRSF1A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1800693</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6440009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.69</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic, causes splicing defect and truncated soluble TNFRSF1A</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4149580<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6446990</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.06</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>IL12A</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1014486</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">159691112</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.67</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1"><italic>CD6</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs34383631</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60793330</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.66</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4939490<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60793651</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.53</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4939491<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60793722</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.14</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-0.37</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs4939489</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60793648</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.25</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1"><italic>TNFAIP3</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs632574</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137959118</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.27</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-1.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs498549<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137984935</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.20</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.52</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs651973</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137996134</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.41</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">downstream of RP11-95M15.1 lincRNA gene</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs536331</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">137993049</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.15</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">upstream of RP11-95M15.1 lincRNA gene</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="4" colspan="1"><italic>CD58</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs6677309</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">117080166</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.21</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-1.18</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic, TFBS / DNase1 peak</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs35275493<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">117095502</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.75</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic (insertion)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs10754324<xref rid="TFN24" ref-type="table-fn">c</xref></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">117093035</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.22</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.32</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs1335532</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">117100957</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-1.32</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr><tr><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>STAT4</italic></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">rs78712823</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">191958581</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.59</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">-3.98</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">intronic</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN20"><p>All listed variants have posterior ≥ 0.1 in regions where ≤ 5 variants explain the top 50% of the posterior and the top SNP from the frequentist analysis lives in the 90% confidence interval, ordered by maximum posterior.</p></fn><fn id="TFN21"><p>Posterior denotes the posterior probability of any variant driving association. GERP denotes Genomic Evolutionary Rate Profiling.</p></fn><fn id="TFN22"><label>a</label><p>Position is based on human genome 19 and dbSNP 137.</p></fn><fn id="TFN23"><label>b</label><p>Functional data from VEP, eQTL browser, Fairfax et al. (2012), pubmed searches, 1000G. Dash indicates intergenic with no additional annotation. Variants without annotation are intergenic and have no reported regulatory consequence.</p></fn><fn id="TFN24"><label>c</label><p>Imputed variant.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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