Age of Onset and Lifetime Projected Risk of Psychotic Experiences: Cross-National Data From the World Mental Health Survey
Identifieur interne : 000498 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000497; suivant : 000499Age of Onset and Lifetime Projected Risk of Psychotic Experiences: Cross-National Data From the World Mental Health Survey
Auteurs : John J. Mcgrath ; Sukanta Saha ; Ali O. Al-Hamzawi ; Jordi Alonso ; Laura Andrade ; Guilherme Borges ; Evelyn J. Bromet ; Mark Oakley Browne ; Ronny Bruffaerts ; Jose M. Caldas De Almeida ; John Fayyad ; Silvia Florescu ; Giovanni De Girolamo ; Oye Gureje ; Chiyi Hu ; Peter De Jonge ; Viviane Kovess-Masfety ; Jean Pierre Lepine ; Carmen C. W. Lim ; Fernando Navarro-Mateu ; Maria Piazza ; Nancy Sampson ; José Posada-Villa ; Kenneth S. Kendler ; Ronald C. KesslerSource :
- Schizophrenia Bulletin [ 0586-7614 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Given the early age of onset (AOO) of psychotic disorders, it has been assumed that psychotic experiences (PEs) would have a similar early AOO. The aims of this study were to describe (a) the AOO distribution of PEs, (b) the projected lifetime risk of PEs, and (c) the associations of PE AOO with selected PE features.
Data came from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. A total of 31 261 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for lifetime prevalence of PE. Projected lifetime risk (at age 75 years) was estimated using a 2-part actuarial method. AOO distributions were described for the observed and projected estimates. We examined associations of AOO with PE type metric and annualized PE frequency.
Projected lifetime risk for PEs was 7.8% (SE = 0.3), slightly higher than lifetime prevalence (5.8%, SE = 0.2). The median (interquartile range; IQR) AOO based on projected lifetime estimates was 26 (17–41) years, indicating that PEs commence across a wide age range. The AOO distributions for PEs did not differ by sex. Early AOO was positively associated with number of PE types (
While most people with lifetime PEs have first onsets in adolescence or young adulthood, projected estimates indicate that nearly a quarter of first onsets occur after age 40 years. The extent to which late onset PEs are associated with (a) late onset mental disorders or (b) declining cognitive and/or sensory function need further research.
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DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw011
PubMed: 27038468
PubMed Central: 4903064
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PMC:4903064Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Age of Onset and Lifetime Projected Risk of Psychotic Experiences: Cross-National Data From the World Mental Health Survey</title><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, John J" sort="Mcgrath, John J" uniqKey="Mcgrath J" first="John J." last="Mcgrath">John J. Mcgrath</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saha, Sukanta" sort="Saha, Sukanta" uniqKey="Saha S" first="Sukanta" last="Saha">Sukanta Saha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, Ali O" sort="Al Hamzawi, Ali O" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="Ali O." last="Al-Hamzawi">Ali O. Al-Hamzawi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Qadisia University</institution>,<addr-line>Diwania Province</addr-line>,<country>Iraq</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0005"><institution>IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)</institution>,<addr-line>Barcelona</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrade, Laura" sort="Andrade, Laura" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="Laura" last="Andrade">Laura Andrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0006"><institution>Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School</institution>,<addr-line>Sao Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borges, Guilherme" sort="Borges, Guilherme" uniqKey="Borges G" first="Guilherme" last="Borges">Guilherme Borges</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0007"><institution>National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico and Metropolitan Autonomous University</institution>,<addr-line>Mexico City</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bromet, Evelyn J" sort="Bromet, Evelyn J" uniqKey="Bromet E" first="Evelyn J." last="Bromet">Evelyn J. Bromet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0008"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Stony Brook, NY</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oakley Browne, Mark" sort="Oakley Browne, Mark" uniqKey="Oakley Browne M" first="Mark" last="Oakley Browne">Mark Oakley Browne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0009"><institution>Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne</institution>,<addr-line>Melbourne</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruffaerts, Ronny" sort="Bruffaerts, Ronny" uniqKey="Bruffaerts R" first="Ronny" last="Bruffaerts">Ronny Bruffaerts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0010"><institution>Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum—Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg</institution>,<addr-line>Leuvan</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" sort="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" uniqKey="Caldas De Almeida J" first="Jose M." last="Caldas De Almeida">Jose M. Caldas De Almeida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0011"><institution>Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa</institution>,<addr-line>Lisbon</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fayyad, John" sort="Fayyad, John" uniqKey="Fayyad J" first="John" last="Fayyad">John Fayyad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0012"><institution>Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC)</institution>,<addr-line>Beirut</addr-line>,<country>Lebanon</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florescu, Silvia" sort="Florescu, Silvia" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="Silvia" last="Florescu">Silvia Florescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0013"><institution>National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development</institution>,<addr-line>Bucharest</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Girolamo, Giovanni" sort="De Girolamo, Giovanni" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="Giovanni" last="De Girolamo">Giovanni De Girolamo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0014"><institution>IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre/IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli</institution>,<addr-line>Brescia</addr-line>,<country>Italy</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gureje, Oye" sort="Gureje, Oye" uniqKey="Gureje O" first="Oye" last="Gureje">Oye Gureje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0015"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Ibadan</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Chiyi" sort="Hu, Chiyi" uniqKey="Hu C" first="Chiyi" last="Hu">Chiyi Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0016"><institution>Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Shenzhen</addr-line>,<country>China</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Jonge, Peter" sort="De Jonge, Peter" uniqKey="De Jonge P" first="Peter" last="De Jonge">Peter De Jonge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0017"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center, Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen</institution>,<addr-line>Groningen</addr-line>,<country>The Netherlands</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" sort="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" uniqKey="Kovess Masfety V" first="Viviane" last="Kovess-Masfety">Viviane Kovess-Masfety</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0018"><institution>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), Paris Descartes University</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lepine, Jean Pierre" sort="Lepine, Jean Pierre" uniqKey="Lepine J" first="Jean Pierre" last="Lepine">Jean Pierre Lepine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0019"><institution>Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris INSERM UMR-S 1144, University Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes Paris</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Carmen C W" sort="Lim, Carmen C W" uniqKey="Lim C" first="Carmen C. W." last="Lim">Carmen C. W. Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0020"><institution>Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" sort="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="Fernando" last="Navarro-Mateu">Fernando Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0021"><institution>IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Subdirección General de Salud Mental y Asistencia Psiquiátrica, Servicio Murciano de Salud, El Palmar (Murcia)</institution>,<addr-line>Murcia</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piazza, Maria" sort="Piazza, Maria" uniqKey="Piazza M" first="Maria" last="Piazza">Maria Piazza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0022"><institution>National Institute of Health, Peru, Universidad Cayetano Hereidia</institution>,<addr-line>Lima</addr-line>,<country>Peru</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Nancy" sort="Sampson, Nancy" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="Nancy" last="Sampson">Nancy Sampson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0023"><institution>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University</institution>,<addr-line>Boston, MA</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posada Villa, Jose" sort="Posada Villa, Jose" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="José" last="Posada-Villa">José Posada-Villa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0024"><institution>El Bosque University</institution>,<addr-line>Bogota</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth S" sort="Kendler, Kenneth S" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth S." last="Kendler">Kenneth S. Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0025"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University</institution>,<addr-line>Richmond, VA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessler, Ronald C" sort="Kessler, Ronald C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="Ronald C." last="Kessler">Ronald C. Kessler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0023"><institution>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University</institution>,<addr-line>Boston, MA</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27038468</idno><idno type="pmc">4903064</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4903064</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4903064</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/schbul/sbw011</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000498</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000498</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Age of Onset and Lifetime Projected Risk of Psychotic Experiences: Cross-National Data From the World Mental Health Survey</title><author><name sortKey="Mcgrath, John J" sort="Mcgrath, John J" uniqKey="Mcgrath J" first="John J." last="Mcgrath">John J. Mcgrath</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saha, Sukanta" sort="Saha, Sukanta" uniqKey="Saha S" first="Sukanta" last="Saha">Sukanta Saha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hamzawi, Ali O" sort="Al Hamzawi, Ali O" uniqKey="Al Hamzawi A" first="Ali O." last="Al-Hamzawi">Ali O. Al-Hamzawi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0004"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Qadisia University</institution>,<addr-line>Diwania Province</addr-line>,<country>Iraq</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0005"><institution>IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)</institution>,<addr-line>Barcelona</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andrade, Laura" sort="Andrade, Laura" uniqKey="Andrade L" first="Laura" last="Andrade">Laura Andrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0006"><institution>Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School</institution>,<addr-line>Sao Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borges, Guilherme" sort="Borges, Guilherme" uniqKey="Borges G" first="Guilherme" last="Borges">Guilherme Borges</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0007"><institution>National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico and Metropolitan Autonomous University</institution>,<addr-line>Mexico City</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bromet, Evelyn J" sort="Bromet, Evelyn J" uniqKey="Bromet E" first="Evelyn J." last="Bromet">Evelyn J. Bromet</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0008"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Stony Brook, NY</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oakley Browne, Mark" sort="Oakley Browne, Mark" uniqKey="Oakley Browne M" first="Mark" last="Oakley Browne">Mark Oakley Browne</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0009"><institution>Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne</institution>,<addr-line>Melbourne</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruffaerts, Ronny" sort="Bruffaerts, Ronny" uniqKey="Bruffaerts R" first="Ronny" last="Bruffaerts">Ronny Bruffaerts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0010"><institution>Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum—Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg</institution>,<addr-line>Leuvan</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" sort="Caldas De Almeida, Jose M" uniqKey="Caldas De Almeida J" first="Jose M." last="Caldas De Almeida">Jose M. Caldas De Almeida</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0011"><institution>Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa</institution>,<addr-line>Lisbon</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fayyad, John" sort="Fayyad, John" uniqKey="Fayyad J" first="John" last="Fayyad">John Fayyad</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0012"><institution>Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC)</institution>,<addr-line>Beirut</addr-line>,<country>Lebanon</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Florescu, Silvia" sort="Florescu, Silvia" uniqKey="Florescu S" first="Silvia" last="Florescu">Silvia Florescu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0013"><institution>National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development</institution>,<addr-line>Bucharest</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Girolamo, Giovanni" sort="De Girolamo, Giovanni" uniqKey="De Girolamo G" first="Giovanni" last="De Girolamo">Giovanni De Girolamo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0014"><institution>IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre/IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli</institution>,<addr-line>Brescia</addr-line>,<country>Italy</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gureje, Oye" sort="Gureje, Oye" uniqKey="Gureje O" first="Oye" last="Gureje">Oye Gureje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0015"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Ibadan</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Chiyi" sort="Hu, Chiyi" uniqKey="Hu C" first="Chiyi" last="Hu">Chiyi Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0016"><institution>Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Shenzhen</addr-line>,<country>China</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Jonge, Peter" sort="De Jonge, Peter" uniqKey="De Jonge P" first="Peter" last="De Jonge">Peter De Jonge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0017"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center, Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen</institution>,<addr-line>Groningen</addr-line>,<country>The Netherlands</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" sort="Kovess Masfety, Viviane" uniqKey="Kovess Masfety V" first="Viviane" last="Kovess-Masfety">Viviane Kovess-Masfety</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0018"><institution>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), Paris Descartes University</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lepine, Jean Pierre" sort="Lepine, Jean Pierre" uniqKey="Lepine J" first="Jean Pierre" last="Lepine">Jean Pierre Lepine</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0019"><institution>Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris INSERM UMR-S 1144, University Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes Paris</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Carmen C W" sort="Lim, Carmen C W" uniqKey="Lim C" first="Carmen C. W." last="Lim">Carmen C. W. Lim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0020"><institution>Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" sort="Navarro Mateu, Fernando" uniqKey="Navarro Mateu F" first="Fernando" last="Navarro-Mateu">Fernando Navarro-Mateu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0021"><institution>IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Subdirección General de Salud Mental y Asistencia Psiquiátrica, Servicio Murciano de Salud, El Palmar (Murcia)</institution>,<addr-line>Murcia</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Piazza, Maria" sort="Piazza, Maria" uniqKey="Piazza M" first="Maria" last="Piazza">Maria Piazza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0022"><institution>National Institute of Health, Peru, Universidad Cayetano Hereidia</institution>,<addr-line>Lima</addr-line>,<country>Peru</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Nancy" sort="Sampson, Nancy" uniqKey="Sampson N" first="Nancy" last="Sampson">Nancy Sampson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0023"><institution>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University</institution>,<addr-line>Boston, MA</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posada Villa, Jose" sort="Posada Villa, Jose" uniqKey="Posada Villa J" first="José" last="Posada-Villa">José Posada-Villa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0024"><institution>El Bosque University</institution>,<addr-line>Bogota</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kendler, Kenneth S" sort="Kendler, Kenneth S" uniqKey="Kendler K" first="Kenneth S." last="Kendler">Kenneth S. Kendler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0025"><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University</institution>,<addr-line>Richmond, VA</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kessler, Ronald C" sort="Kessler, Ronald C" uniqKey="Kessler R" first="Ronald C." last="Kessler">Ronald C. Kessler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="AF0023"><institution>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University</institution>,<addr-line>Boston, MA</addr-line>;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Schizophrenia Bulletin</title><idno type="ISSN">0586-7614</idno><idno type="eISSN">1745-1701</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background:</title><p>Given the early age of onset (AOO) of psychotic disorders, it has been assumed that psychotic experiences (PEs) would have a similar early AOO. The aims of this study were to describe (a) the AOO distribution of PEs, (b) the projected lifetime risk of PEs, and (c) the associations of PE AOO with selected PE features.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>Data came from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. A total of 31 261 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for lifetime prevalence of PE. Projected lifetime risk (at age 75 years) was estimated using a 2-part actuarial method. AOO distributions were described for the observed and projected estimates. We examined associations of AOO with PE type metric and annualized PE frequency.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>Projected lifetime risk for PEs was 7.8% (SE = 0.3), slightly higher than lifetime prevalence (5.8%, SE = 0.2). The median (interquartile range; IQR) AOO based on projected lifetime estimates was 26 (17–41) years, indicating that PEs commence across a wide age range. The AOO distributions for PEs did not differ by sex. Early AOO was positively associated with number of PE types (<italic>F</italic> = 14.1, <italic>P</italic> < .001) but negatively associated with annualized PE frequency rates (<italic>F</italic> = 8.0, <italic>P</italic> < .001).</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion:</title><p>While most people with lifetime PEs have first onsets in adolescence or young adulthood, projected estimates indicate that nearly a quarter of first onsets occur after age 40 years. The extent to which late onset PEs are associated with (a) late onset mental disorders or (b) declining cognitive and/or sensory function need further research.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Schizophr Bull</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Schizophr Bull</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">schbul</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">schbul</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Schizophrenia Bulletin</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0586-7614</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1745-1701</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name><publisher-loc>US</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27038468</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4903064</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/schbul/sbw011</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Regular Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Age of Onset and Lifetime Projected Risk of Psychotic Experiences: Cross-National Data From the World Mental Health Survey</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McGrath</surname><given-names>John J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">*</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001 AF0002 AF0003"><sup>1–3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Saha</surname><given-names>Sukanta</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001 AF0002 AF0003"><sup>1–3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al-Hamzawi</surname><given-names>Ali O.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0004"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alonso</surname><given-names>Jordi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005"><sup>5</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Andrade</surname><given-names>Laura</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0006"><sup>6</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Borges</surname><given-names>Guilherme</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007"><sup>7</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bromet</surname><given-names>Evelyn J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0008"><sup>8</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oakley Browne</surname><given-names>Mark</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0009"><sup>9</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bruffaerts</surname><given-names>Ronny</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0010"><sup>10</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Caldas de Almeida</surname><given-names>Jose M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0011"><sup>11</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fayyad</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0012"><sup>12</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Florescu</surname><given-names>Silvia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0013"><sup>13</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Girolamo</surname><given-names>Giovanni</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0014"><sup>14</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gureje</surname><given-names>Oye</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0015"><sup>15</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>Chiyi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0016"><sup>16</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Jonge</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0017"><sup>17</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kovess-Masfety</surname><given-names>Viviane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0018"><sup>18</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lepine</surname><given-names>Jean Pierre</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0019"><sup>19</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lim</surname><given-names>Carmen C. W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0020"><sup>20</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Navarro-Mateu</surname><given-names>Fernando</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0021"><sup>21</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Piazza</surname><given-names>Maria</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0022"><sup>22</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sampson</surname><given-names>Nancy</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0023"><sup>23</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Posada-Villa</surname><given-names>José</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0024"><sup>24</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kendler</surname><given-names>Kenneth S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0025"><sup>25</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kessler</surname><given-names>Ronald C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0023"><sup>23</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="AF0001"><sup>1</sup><institution>Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health</institution>,<addr-line>Brisbane</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0002"><sup>2</sup><institution>Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Queensland</institution>,<addr-line>St Lucia</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0003"><sup>3</sup><institution>Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland</institution>,<addr-line>St Lucia</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0004"><sup>4</sup><institution>Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Qadisia University</institution>,<addr-line>Diwania Province</addr-line>,<country>Iraq</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0005"><sup>5</sup><institution>IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)</institution>,<addr-line>Barcelona</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0006"><sup>6</sup><institution>Department/Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School</institution>,<addr-line>Sao Paulo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0007"><sup>7</sup><institution>National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico and Metropolitan Autonomous University</institution>,<addr-line>Mexico City</addr-line>,<country>Mexico</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0008"><sup>8</sup><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine</institution>,<addr-line>Stony Brook, NY</addr-line>;</aff><aff id="AF0009"><sup>9</sup><institution>Centre for Mental Health, University of Melbourne</institution>,<addr-line>Melbourne</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0010"><sup>10</sup><institution>Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum—Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg</institution>,<addr-line>Leuvan</addr-line>,<country>Belgium</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0011"><sup>11</sup><institution>Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa</institution>,<addr-line>Lisbon</addr-line>,<country>Portugal</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0012"><sup>12</sup><institution>Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC)</institution>,<addr-line>Beirut</addr-line>,<country>Lebanon</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0013"><sup>13</sup><institution>National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development</institution>,<addr-line>Bucharest</addr-line>,<country>Romania</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0014"><sup>14</sup><institution>IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre/IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli</institution>,<addr-line>Brescia</addr-line>,<country>Italy</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0015"><sup>15</sup><institution>Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Ibadan</addr-line>,<country>Nigeria</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0016"><sup>16</sup><institution>Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kanging Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Shenzhen</addr-line>,<country>China</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0017"><sup>17</sup><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center, Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen</institution>,<addr-line>Groningen</addr-line>,<country>The Netherlands</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0018"><sup>18</sup><institution>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), Paris Descartes University</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0019"><sup>19</sup><institution>Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris INSERM UMR-S 1144, University Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes Paris</institution>,<addr-line>Paris</addr-line>,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0020"><sup>20</sup><institution>Department of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0021"><sup>21</sup><institution>IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Subdirección General de Salud Mental y Asistencia Psiquiátrica, Servicio Murciano de Salud, El Palmar (Murcia)</institution>,<addr-line>Murcia</addr-line>,<country>Spain</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0022"><sup>22</sup><institution>National Institute of Health, Peru, Universidad Cayetano Hereidia</institution>,<addr-line>Lima</addr-line>,<country>Peru</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0023"><sup>23</sup><institution>Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University</institution>,<addr-line>Boston, MA</addr-line>;</aff><aff id="AF0024"><sup>24</sup><institution>El Bosque University</institution>,<addr-line>Bogota</addr-line>,<country>Colombia</country>;</aff><aff id="AF0025"><sup>25</sup><institution>Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University</institution>,<addr-line>Richmond, VA</addr-line></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1">*To whom correspondence should be addressed; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4076, Australia; tel: <phone>61-7-3271-8694</phone>, fax: <fax>61-7-3271-8698</fax>, e-mail: <email>j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>7</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>2</day><month>4</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>933</fpage><lpage>941</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Background:</title><p>Given the early age of onset (AOO) of psychotic disorders, it has been assumed that psychotic experiences (PEs) would have a similar early AOO. The aims of this study were to describe (a) the AOO distribution of PEs, (b) the projected lifetime risk of PEs, and (c) the associations of PE AOO with selected PE features.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>Data came from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. A total of 31 261 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for lifetime prevalence of PE. Projected lifetime risk (at age 75 years) was estimated using a 2-part actuarial method. AOO distributions were described for the observed and projected estimates. We examined associations of AOO with PE type metric and annualized PE frequency.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>Projected lifetime risk for PEs was 7.8% (SE = 0.3), slightly higher than lifetime prevalence (5.8%, SE = 0.2). The median (interquartile range; IQR) AOO based on projected lifetime estimates was 26 (17–41) years, indicating that PEs commence across a wide age range. The AOO distributions for PEs did not differ by sex. Early AOO was positively associated with number of PE types (<italic>F</italic> = 14.1, <italic>P</italic> < .001) but negatively associated with annualized PE frequency rates (<italic>F</italic> = 8.0, <italic>P</italic> < .001).</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion:</title><p>While most people with lifetime PEs have first onsets in adolescence or young adulthood, projected estimates indicate that nearly a quarter of first onsets occur after age 40 years. The extent to which late onset PEs are associated with (a) late onset mental disorders or (b) declining cognitive and/or sensory function need further research.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Key words:</title><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>psychotic experiences</kwd><kwd>age of onset</kwd><kwd>lifetime prevalence</kwd><kwd>World Mental Health Survey</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="9"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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