Extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in Lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements
Identifieur interne : 002588 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002587; suivant : 002589Extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in Lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements
Auteurs : E. D'Alençon [France] ; H. Sezutsu [France, Japon] ; F. Legeai [France] ; E. Permal [France] ; S. Bernard-Samain [France] ; S. Gimenez [France] ; C. Gagneur [France] ; F. Cousserans [France] ; M. Shimomura [Japon] ; A. Brun-Barale [France] ; T. Flutre [France] ; A. Couloux [France] ; P. East [Australie] ; K. Gordon [Australie] ; K. Mita [Japon] ; H. Quesneville [France] ; P. Fournier [France] ; R. Feyereisen [France]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
The recent assembly of the silkworm
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0910413107
PubMed: 20388903
PubMed Central: 2867904
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in Lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements</title><author><name sortKey="D Alencon, E" sort="D Alencon, E" uniqKey="D Alencon E" first="E." last="D'Alençon">E. D'Alençon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sezutsu, H" sort="Sezutsu, H" uniqKey="Sezutsu H" first="H." last="Sezutsu">H. Sezutsu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legeai, F" sort="Legeai, F" uniqKey="Legeai F" first="F." last="Legeai">F. Legeai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1099, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroCampus,<institution>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</institution>, 35042 Rennes,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Permal, E" sort="Permal, E" uniqKey="Permal E" first="E." last="Permal">E. Permal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernard Samain, S" sort="Bernard Samain, S" uniqKey="Bernard Samain S" first="S." last="Bernard-Samain">S. Bernard-Samain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff6">Genoscope,<institution>Centre National de Séquençage</institution>, 91057 Evry,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez, S" sort="Gimenez, S" uniqKey="Gimenez S" first="S." last="Gimenez">S. Gimenez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagneur, C" sort="Gagneur, C" uniqKey="Gagneur C" first="C." last="Gagneur">C. Gagneur</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cousserans, F" sort="Cousserans, F" uniqKey="Cousserans F" first="F." last="Cousserans">F. Cousserans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shimomura, M" sort="Shimomura, M" uniqKey="Shimomura M" first="M." last="Shimomura">M. Shimomura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brun Barale, A" sort="Brun Barale, A" uniqKey="Brun Barale A" first="A." last="Brun-Barale">A. Brun-Barale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flutre, T" sort="Flutre, T" uniqKey="Flutre T" first="T." last="Flutre">T. Flutre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Couloux, A" sort="Couloux, A" uniqKey="Couloux A" first="A." last="Couloux">A. Couloux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff6">Genoscope,<institution>Centre National de Séquençage</institution>, 91057 Evry,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="East, P" sort="East, P" uniqKey="East P" first="P." last="East">P. East</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Entomology,</institution> Canberra, ACT 2601,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, K" sort="Gordon, K" uniqKey="Gordon K" first="K." last="Gordon">K. Gordon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Entomology,</institution> Canberra, ACT 2601,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mita, K" sort="Mita, K" uniqKey="Mita K" first="K." last="Mita">K. Mita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quesneville, H" sort="Quesneville, H" uniqKey="Quesneville H" first="H." last="Quesneville">H. Quesneville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, P" sort="Fournier, P" uniqKey="Fournier P" first="P." last="Fournier">P. Fournier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feyereisen, R" sort="Feyereisen, R" uniqKey="Feyereisen R" first="R." last="Feyereisen">R. Feyereisen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20388903</idno><idno type="pmc">2867904</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2867904</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2867904</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.0910413107</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001B39</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001B39</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001997</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001997</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">002588</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002588</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in Lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements</title><author><name sortKey="D Alencon, E" sort="D Alencon, E" uniqKey="D Alencon E" first="E." last="D'Alençon">E. D'Alençon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sezutsu, H" sort="Sezutsu, H" uniqKey="Sezutsu H" first="H." last="Sezutsu">H. Sezutsu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legeai, F" sort="Legeai, F" uniqKey="Legeai F" first="F." last="Legeai">F. Legeai</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1099, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroCampus,<institution>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</institution>, 35042 Rennes,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Permal, E" sort="Permal, E" uniqKey="Permal E" first="E." last="Permal">E. Permal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernard Samain, S" sort="Bernard Samain, S" uniqKey="Bernard Samain S" first="S." last="Bernard-Samain">S. Bernard-Samain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff6">Genoscope,<institution>Centre National de Séquençage</institution>, 91057 Evry,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez, S" sort="Gimenez, S" uniqKey="Gimenez S" first="S." last="Gimenez">S. Gimenez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagneur, C" sort="Gagneur, C" uniqKey="Gagneur C" first="C." last="Gagneur">C. Gagneur</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cousserans, F" sort="Cousserans, F" uniqKey="Cousserans F" first="F." last="Cousserans">F. Cousserans</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shimomura, M" sort="Shimomura, M" uniqKey="Shimomura M" first="M." last="Shimomura">M. Shimomura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brun Barale, A" sort="Brun Barale, A" uniqKey="Brun Barale A" first="A." last="Brun-Barale">A. Brun-Barale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flutre, T" sort="Flutre, T" uniqKey="Flutre T" first="T." last="Flutre">T. Flutre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Couloux, A" sort="Couloux, A" uniqKey="Couloux A" first="A." last="Couloux">A. Couloux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff6">Genoscope,<institution>Centre National de Séquençage</institution>, 91057 Evry,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="East, P" sort="East, P" uniqKey="East P" first="P." last="East">P. East</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Entomology,</institution> Canberra, ACT 2601,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, K" sort="Gordon, K" uniqKey="Gordon K" first="K." last="Gordon">K. Gordon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Entomology,</institution> Canberra, ACT 2601,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mita, K" sort="Mita, K" uniqKey="Mita K" first="K." last="Mita">K. Mita</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quesneville, H" sort="Quesneville, H" uniqKey="Quesneville H" first="H." last="Quesneville">H. Quesneville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fournier, P" sort="Fournier, P" uniqKey="Fournier P" first="P." last="Fournier">P. Fournier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feyereisen, R" sort="Feyereisen, R" uniqKey="Feyereisen R" first="R." last="Feyereisen">R. Feyereisen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The recent assembly of the silkworm <italic>Bombyx mori</italic> genome with 432 Mb on 28 holocentric chromosomes has become a reference in the genomic analysis of the very diverse Order of Lepidoptera. We sequenced BACs from two major pests, the noctuid moths <italic>Helicoverpa armigera</italic> and <italic>Spodoptera frugiperda</italic>, corresponding to 15 regions distributed on 11 <italic>B. mori</italic> chromosomes, each BAC/region being anchored by known orthologous gene(s) to analyze syntenic relationships and genome rearrangements among the three species. Nearly 300 genes and numerous transposable elements were identified, with long interspersed nuclear elements and terminal inverted repeats the most abundant transposable element classes. There was a high degree of synteny conservation between <italic>B. mori</italic> and the two noctuid species. Conserved syntenic blocks of identified genes were very small, however, approximately 1.3 genes per block between <italic>B. mori</italic> and the two noctuid species and 2.0 genes per block between <italic>S. frugiperda</italic> and <italic>H. armigera.</italic> This corresponds to approximately two chromosome breaks per Mb DNA per My. This is a much higher evolution rate than among species of the <italic>Drosophila</italic> genus and may be related to the holocentric nature of the lepidopteran genomes. We report a large cluster of eight members of the aminopeptidase N gene family that we estimate to have been present since the Jurassic. In contrast, several clusters of cytochrome P450 genes showed multiple lineage-specific duplication events, in particular in the lepidopteran CYP9A subfamily. Our study highlights the value of the silkworm genome as a reference in lepidopteran comparative genomics.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20388903</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2867904</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">200910413</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.0910413107</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Agricultural Sciences</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in Lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>d'Alençon</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sezutsu</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Legeai</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Permal</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bernard-Samain</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gimenez</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gagneur</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cousserans</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shimomura</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brun-Barale</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Flutre</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Couloux</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>East</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gordon</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mita</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Quesneville</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fournier</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Feyereisen</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Unité Mixte de Recherche 1231, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique,<institution>Université Montpellier II</institution>, 34095 Montpellier,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Unité Mixte de Recherche 1301, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,<institution>Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis</institution>, 06903 Sophia Antipolis,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup><institution>National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences</institution>, Tsukuba 305-8634, Ibaraki,<country>Japan</country>;</aff><aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup>Unité Mixte de Recherche 1099, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroCampus,<institution>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</institution>, 35042 Rennes,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff5"><sup>e</sup>UR1164,<institution>Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de Versailles</institution>, Versailles 78026,<country>France</country>;</aff><aff id="aff6"><sup>f</sup>Genoscope,<institution>Centre National de Séquençage</institution>, 91057 Evry,<country>France</country>; and</aff><aff id="aff7"><sup>g</sup><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Entomology,</institution> Canberra, ACT 2601,<country>Australia</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>2</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>rfeyer@sophia.inra.fr</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">*</xref> by May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, and approved March 16, 2010 (received for review September 11, 2009)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: E.A., K.M., P.F., and R.F. designed research; E.A., S.B.-S., S.G., C.G., and A.C. performed research; F.L., M.S., A.B.-B., T.F., P.E., K.G., and K.M. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; E.A., H.S., F.L., E.P., S.B.-S., F.C., K.G., H.Q., P.F., and R.F. analyzed data; and E.A., H.S., H.Q., P.F., and R.F. wrote the paper.</p></fn><fn id="fn2"><p><sup>1</sup>E.A. and H.S. contributed equally to this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>4</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>27</day><month>4</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>13</day><month>4</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>107</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>7680</fpage><lpage>7685</lpage><permissions><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.200910413.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>The recent assembly of the silkworm <italic>Bombyx mori</italic> genome with 432 Mb on 28 holocentric chromosomes has become a reference in the genomic analysis of the very diverse Order of Lepidoptera. We sequenced BACs from two major pests, the noctuid moths <italic>Helicoverpa armigera</italic> and <italic>Spodoptera frugiperda</italic>, corresponding to 15 regions distributed on 11 <italic>B. mori</italic> chromosomes, each BAC/region being anchored by known orthologous gene(s) to analyze syntenic relationships and genome rearrangements among the three species. Nearly 300 genes and numerous transposable elements were identified, with long interspersed nuclear elements and terminal inverted repeats the most abundant transposable element classes. There was a high degree of synteny conservation between <italic>B. mori</italic> and the two noctuid species. Conserved syntenic blocks of identified genes were very small, however, approximately 1.3 genes per block between <italic>B. mori</italic> and the two noctuid species and 2.0 genes per block between <italic>S. frugiperda</italic> and <italic>H. armigera.</italic> This corresponds to approximately two chromosome breaks per Mb DNA per My. This is a much higher evolution rate than among species of the <italic>Drosophila</italic> genus and may be related to the holocentric nature of the lepidopteran genomes. We report a large cluster of eight members of the aminopeptidase N gene family that we estimate to have been present since the Jurassic. In contrast, several clusters of cytochrome P450 genes showed multiple lineage-specific duplication events, in particular in the lepidopteran CYP9A subfamily. Our study highlights the value of the silkworm genome as a reference in lepidopteran comparative genomics.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>comparative genomics</kwd><kwd>silkworm</kwd><kwd>Noctuidae</kwd><kwd>transposable elements</kwd><kwd>gene clusters</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Japon</li></country></list><tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="D Alencon, E" sort="D Alencon, E" uniqKey="D Alencon E" first="E." last="D'Alençon">E. D'Alençon</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bernard Samain, S" sort="Bernard Samain, S" uniqKey="Bernard Samain S" first="S." last="Bernard-Samain">S. Bernard-Samain</name><name sortKey="Brun Barale, A" sort="Brun Barale, A" uniqKey="Brun Barale A" first="A." last="Brun-Barale">A. Brun-Barale</name><name sortKey="Couloux, A" sort="Couloux, A" uniqKey="Couloux A" first="A." last="Couloux">A. Couloux</name><name sortKey="Cousserans, F" sort="Cousserans, F" uniqKey="Cousserans F" first="F." last="Cousserans">F. Cousserans</name><name sortKey="Feyereisen, R" sort="Feyereisen, R" uniqKey="Feyereisen R" first="R." last="Feyereisen">R. Feyereisen</name><name sortKey="Flutre, T" sort="Flutre, T" uniqKey="Flutre T" first="T." last="Flutre">T. Flutre</name><name sortKey="Fournier, P" sort="Fournier, P" uniqKey="Fournier P" first="P." last="Fournier">P. Fournier</name><name sortKey="Gagneur, C" sort="Gagneur, C" uniqKey="Gagneur C" first="C." last="Gagneur">C. Gagneur</name><name sortKey="Gimenez, S" sort="Gimenez, S" uniqKey="Gimenez S" first="S." last="Gimenez">S. Gimenez</name><name sortKey="Legeai, F" sort="Legeai, F" uniqKey="Legeai F" first="F." last="Legeai">F. Legeai</name><name sortKey="Permal, E" sort="Permal, E" uniqKey="Permal E" first="E." last="Permal">E. Permal</name><name sortKey="Quesneville, H" sort="Quesneville, H" uniqKey="Quesneville H" first="H." last="Quesneville">H. Quesneville</name><name sortKey="Sezutsu, H" sort="Sezutsu, H" uniqKey="Sezutsu H" first="H." last="Sezutsu">H. Sezutsu</name></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sezutsu, H" sort="Sezutsu, H" uniqKey="Sezutsu H" first="H." last="Sezutsu">H. Sezutsu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mita, K" sort="Mita, K" uniqKey="Mita K" first="K." last="Mita">K. Mita</name><name sortKey="Shimomura, M" sort="Shimomura, M" uniqKey="Shimomura M" first="M." last="Shimomura">M. Shimomura</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="East, P" sort="East, P" uniqKey="East P" first="P." last="East">P. East</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gordon, K" sort="Gordon, K" uniqKey="Gordon K" first="K." last="Gordon">K. Gordon</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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