Influenza Gain-of-Function Experiments: Their Role in Vaccine Virus Recommendation and Pandemic Preparedness
Identifieur interne : 002098 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002097; suivant : 002099Influenza Gain-of-Function Experiments: Their Role in Vaccine Virus Recommendation and Pandemic Preparedness
Auteurs : S. Schultz-Cherry ; R. J. Webby ; R. G. Webster ; A. Kelso ; I. G. Barr ; J. W. Mccauley ; R. S. Daniels ; D. Wang ; Y. Shu ; E. Nobusawa ; S. Itamura ; M. Tashiro ; Y. Harada ; S. Watanabe ; T. Odagiri ; Z. Ye ; G. Grohmann ; R. Harvey ; O. Engelhardt ; D. Smith ; K. Hamilton ; F. Claes ; G. DauphinSource :
- mBio [ 2150-7511 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Découverte de médicament (), Grippe chez les oiseaux (transmission), Grippe chez les oiseaux (virologie), Grippe humaine (), Grippe humaine (immunologie), Grippe humaine (virologie), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Humains, Pandémies (), Technologie pharmaceutique (), Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie), Vaccins antigrippaux (isolement et purification), Virus de la grippe A (génétique), Virus de la grippe A (isolement et purification), Virus de la grippe A (pathogénicité), Volaille, Zoonoses (), Zoonoses (immunologie), Zoonoses (virologie), Zoonoses (épidémiologie).
- MESH :
- génétique : Virus de la grippe A.
- immunologie : Grippe humaine, Vaccins antigrippaux, Zoonoses.
- isolement et purification : Vaccins antigrippaux, Virus de la grippe A.
- pathogénicité : Virus de la grippe A.
- virologie : Grippe chez les oiseaux, Grippe humaine, Zoonoses.
- épidémiologie : Grippe chez les oiseaux, Grippe humaine, Zoonoses.
- Animaux, Découverte de médicament, Grippe humaine, Humains, Pandémies, Technologie pharmaceutique, Volaille, Zoonoses.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Drug Discovery (methods), Humans, Influenza A virus (genetics), Influenza A virus (isolation & purification), Influenza A virus (pathogenicity), Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Influenza Vaccines (isolation & purification), Influenza in Birds (transmission), Influenza in Birds (virology), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (immunology), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Influenza, Human (virology), Pandemics (prevention & control), Poultry, Technology, Pharmaceutical (methods), Zoonoses (epidemiology), Zoonoses (immunology), Zoonoses (prevention & control), Zoonoses (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Influenza Vaccines.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human, Zoonoses.
- genetics : Influenza A virus.
- immunology : Influenza, Human, Zoonoses.
- isolation & purification : Influenza A virus, Influenza Vaccines.
- methods : Drug Discovery, Technology, Pharmaceutical.
- pathogenicity : Influenza A virus.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human, Pandemics, Zoonoses.
- transmission : Influenza in Birds.
- virology : Influenza in Birds, Influenza, Human, Zoonoses.
- Animals, Humans, Poultry.
Abstract
In recent years, controversy has arisen regarding the risks and benefits of certain types of gain-of-function (GOF) studies involving avian influenza viruses. In this article, we provide specific examples of how different types of data, including information garnered from GOF studies, have helped to shape the influenza vaccine production process—from selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) to the manufacture and stockpiling of safe, high-yield prepandemic vaccines for the global community. The article is not written to support a specific pro- or anti-GOF stance but rather to inform the scientific community about factors involved in vaccine virus selection and the preparation of prepandemic influenza vaccines and the impact that some GOF information has had on this process.
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.02430-14
PubMed: 25505124
PubMed Central: 4278542
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PMC:4278542Le document en format XML
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In this article, we provide specific examples of how different types of data, including information garnered from GOF studies, have helped to shape the influenza vaccine production process—from selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) to the manufacture and stockpiling of safe, high-yield prepandemic vaccines for the global community. The article is not written to support a specific pro- or anti-GOF stance but rather to inform the scientific community about factors involved in vaccine virus selection and the preparation of prepandemic influenza vaccines and the impact that some GOF information has had on this process.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Freidl, Gs" uniqKey="Freidl G">GS Freidl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, A" uniqKey="Meijer A">A Meijer</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Bruin, E" uniqKey="De Bruin E">E de Bruin</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Nardi, M" uniqKey="De Nardi M">M de Nardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munoz, O" uniqKey="Munoz O">O Munoz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Capua, I" uniqKey="Capua I">I Capua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breed, Ac" uniqKey="Breed A">AC Breed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, K" uniqKey="Harris K">K 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Schultz-Cherry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, R J" sort="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="R. J." last="Webby">R. J. Webby</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, R G" sort="Webster, R G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="R. G." last="Webster">R. G. Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelso, A" sort="Kelso, A" uniqKey="Kelso A" first="A." last="Kelso">A. Kelso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, I G" sort="Barr, I G" uniqKey="Barr I" first="I. G." last="Barr">I. G. Barr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, J W" sort="Mccauley, J W" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="J. W." last="Mccauley">J. W. Mccauley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daniels, R S" sort="Daniels, R S" uniqKey="Daniels R" first="R. S." last="Daniels">R. S. Daniels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" sort="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D" first="D." last="Wang">D. Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shu, Y" sort="Shu, Y" uniqKey="Shu Y" first="Y." last="Shu">Y. Shu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nobusawa, E" sort="Nobusawa, E" uniqKey="Nobusawa E" first="E." last="Nobusawa">E. Nobusawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Itamura, S" sort="Itamura, S" uniqKey="Itamura S" first="S." last="Itamura">S. Itamura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tashiro, M" sort="Tashiro, M" uniqKey="Tashiro M" first="M." last="Tashiro">M. Tashiro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harada, Y" sort="Harada, Y" uniqKey="Harada Y" first="Y." last="Harada">Y. Harada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, S" sort="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="S." last="Watanabe">S. Watanabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" sort="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="T." last="Odagiri">T. Odagiri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Z" sort="Ye, Z" uniqKey="Ye Z" first="Z." last="Ye">Z. Ye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grohmann, G" sort="Grohmann, G" uniqKey="Grohmann G" first="G." last="Grohmann">G. Grohmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harvey, R" sort="Harvey, R" uniqKey="Harvey R" first="R." last="Harvey">R. Harvey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelhardt, O" sort="Engelhardt, O" uniqKey="Engelhardt O" first="O." last="Engelhardt">O. Engelhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, D" sort="Smith, D" uniqKey="Smith D" first="D." last="Smith">D. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, K" sort="Hamilton, K" uniqKey="Hamilton K" first="K." last="Hamilton">K. Hamilton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Claes, F" sort="Claes, F" uniqKey="Claes F" first="F." last="Claes">F. Claes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, G" sort="Dauphin, G" uniqKey="Dauphin G" first="G." last="Dauphin">G. Dauphin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25505124</idno><idno type="pmc">4278542</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278542</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4278542</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/mBio.02430-14</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001299</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001299</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001159</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001159</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001513</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001513</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Influenza Gain-of-Function Experiments: Their Role in Vaccine Virus Recommendation and Pandemic Preparedness</title><author><name sortKey="Schultz Cherry, S" sort="Schultz Cherry, S" uniqKey="Schultz Cherry S" first="S." last="Schultz-Cherry">S. Schultz-Cherry</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, R J" sort="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="R. J." last="Webby">R. J. Webby</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, R G" sort="Webster, R G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="R. G." last="Webster">R. G. Webster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelso, A" sort="Kelso, A" uniqKey="Kelso A" first="A." last="Kelso">A. Kelso</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, I G" sort="Barr, I G" uniqKey="Barr I" first="I. G." last="Barr">I. G. Barr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, J W" sort="Mccauley, J W" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="J. W." last="Mccauley">J. W. Mccauley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daniels, R S" sort="Daniels, R S" uniqKey="Daniels R" first="R. S." last="Daniels">R. S. Daniels</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" sort="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D" first="D." last="Wang">D. Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shu, Y" sort="Shu, Y" uniqKey="Shu Y" first="Y." last="Shu">Y. Shu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nobusawa, E" sort="Nobusawa, E" uniqKey="Nobusawa E" first="E." last="Nobusawa">E. Nobusawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Itamura, S" sort="Itamura, S" uniqKey="Itamura S" first="S." last="Itamura">S. Itamura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tashiro, M" sort="Tashiro, M" uniqKey="Tashiro M" first="M." last="Tashiro">M. Tashiro</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harada, Y" sort="Harada, Y" uniqKey="Harada Y" first="Y." last="Harada">Y. Harada</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, S" sort="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="S." last="Watanabe">S. Watanabe</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" sort="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="T." last="Odagiri">T. Odagiri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Z" sort="Ye, Z" uniqKey="Ye Z" first="Z." last="Ye">Z. Ye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grohmann, G" sort="Grohmann, G" uniqKey="Grohmann G" first="G." last="Grohmann">G. Grohmann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harvey, R" sort="Harvey, R" uniqKey="Harvey R" first="R." last="Harvey">R. Harvey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelhardt, O" sort="Engelhardt, O" uniqKey="Engelhardt O" first="O." last="Engelhardt">O. Engelhardt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, D" sort="Smith, D" uniqKey="Smith D" first="D." last="Smith">D. Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, K" sort="Hamilton, K" uniqKey="Hamilton K" first="K." last="Hamilton">K. Hamilton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Claes, F" sort="Claes, F" uniqKey="Claes F" first="F." last="Claes">F. Claes</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, G" sort="Dauphin, G" uniqKey="Dauphin G" first="G." last="Dauphin">G. Dauphin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">mBio</title><idno type="eISSN">2150-7511</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><p>In recent years, controversy has arisen regarding the risks and benefits of certain types of gain-of-function (GOF) studies involving avian influenza viruses. In this article, we provide specific examples of how different types of data, including information garnered from GOF studies, have helped to shape the influenza vaccine production process—from selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) to the manufacture and stockpiling of safe, high-yield prepandemic vaccines for the global community. The article is not written to support a specific pro- or anti-GOF stance but rather to inform the scientific community about factors involved in vaccine virus selection and the preparation of prepandemic influenza vaccines and the impact that some GOF information has had on this process.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Freidl, Gs" uniqKey="Freidl G">GS Freidl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meijer, A" uniqKey="Meijer A">A Meijer</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Bruin, E" uniqKey="De Bruin E">E de Bruin</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Nardi, M" uniqKey="De Nardi M">M de Nardi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munoz, O" uniqKey="Munoz O">O Munoz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Capua, I" uniqKey="Capua I">I Capua</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breed, Ac" uniqKey="Breed A">AC Breed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, K" uniqKey="Harris K">K 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Schultz-Cherry</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA Stacey.schultz-cherry@stjude.org.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">USA Stacey.schultz-cherry@stjude.org.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, R J" sort="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="R J" last="Webby">R J Webby</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, R G" sort="Webster, R G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="R G" last="Webster">R G Webster</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelso, A" sort="Kelso, A" uniqKey="Kelso A" first="A" last="Kelso">A. Kelso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, I G" sort="Barr, I G" uniqKey="Barr I" first="I G" last="Barr">I G Barr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, J W" sort="Mccauley, J W" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="J W" last="Mccauley">J W Mccauley</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daniels, R S" sort="Daniels, R S" uniqKey="Daniels R" first="R S" last="Daniels">R S Daniels</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" sort="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D" first="D" last="Wang">D. Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shu, Y" sort="Shu, Y" uniqKey="Shu Y" first="Y" last="Shu">Y. Shu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nobusawa, E" sort="Nobusawa, E" uniqKey="Nobusawa E" first="E" last="Nobusawa">E. Nobusawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Itamura, S" sort="Itamura, S" uniqKey="Itamura S" first="S" last="Itamura">S. Itamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tashiro, M" sort="Tashiro, M" uniqKey="Tashiro M" first="M" last="Tashiro">M. Tashiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harada, Y" sort="Harada, Y" uniqKey="Harada Y" first="Y" last="Harada">Y. Harada</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, S" sort="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="S" last="Watanabe">S. Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" sort="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="T" last="Odagiri">T. Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Z" sort="Ye, Z" uniqKey="Ye Z" first="Z" last="Ye">Z. Ye</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grohmann, G" sort="Grohmann, G" uniqKey="Grohmann G" first="G" last="Grohmann">G. Grohmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Immunology and Vaccines, Therapeutic Goods Administration Laboratories, Woden, ACT, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Immunology and Vaccines, Therapeutic Goods Administration Laboratories, Woden, ACT</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ACT</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harvey, R" sort="Harvey, R" uniqKey="Harvey R" first="R" last="Harvey">R. Harvey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Potters Bar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelhardt, O" sort="Engelhardt, O" uniqKey="Engelhardt O" first="O" last="Engelhardt">O. Engelhardt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Potters Bar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, D" sort="Smith, D" uniqKey="Smith D" first="D" last="Smith">D. Smith</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, WHO CC for Modeling Evolution and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, WHO CC for Modeling Evolution and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, K" sort="Hamilton, K" uniqKey="Hamilton K" first="K" last="Hamilton">K. Hamilton</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OIE Scientific and Technical Department, OIE, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE Scientific and Technical Department, OIE, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Claes, F" sort="Claes, F" uniqKey="Claes F" first="F" last="Claes">F. Claes</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, G" sort="Dauphin, G" uniqKey="Dauphin G" first="G" last="Dauphin">G. Dauphin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25505124</idno><idno type="pmid">25505124</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/mBio.02430-14</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">003245</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">003245</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">003135</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">003135</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">003135</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">003135</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Influenza gain-of-function experiments: their role in vaccine virus recommendation and pandemic preparedness.</title><author><name sortKey="Schultz Cherry, S" sort="Schultz Cherry, S" uniqKey="Schultz Cherry S" first="S" last="Schultz-Cherry">S. Schultz-Cherry</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA Stacey.schultz-cherry@stjude.org.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">USA Stacey.schultz-cherry@stjude.org.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, R J" sort="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="R J" last="Webby">R J Webby</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, R G" sort="Webster, R G" uniqKey="Webster R" first="R G" last="Webster">R G Webster</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Studies on the Ecology of Influenza in Animals, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelso, A" sort="Kelso, A" uniqKey="Kelso A" first="A" last="Kelso">A. Kelso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, I G" sort="Barr, I G" uniqKey="Barr I" first="I G" last="Barr">I G Barr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccauley, J W" sort="Mccauley, J W" uniqKey="Mccauley J" first="J W" last="Mccauley">J W Mccauley</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daniels, R S" sort="Daniels, R S" uniqKey="Daniels R" first="R S" last="Daniels">R S Daniels</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Division of Virology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" sort="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D" first="D" last="Wang">D. Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shu, Y" sort="Shu, Y" uniqKey="Shu Y" first="Y" last="Shu">Y. Shu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing, People's Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDC, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nobusawa, E" sort="Nobusawa, E" uniqKey="Nobusawa E" first="E" last="Nobusawa">E. Nobusawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Itamura, S" sort="Itamura, S" uniqKey="Itamura S" first="S" last="Itamura">S. Itamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tashiro, M" sort="Tashiro, M" uniqKey="Tashiro M" first="M" last="Tashiro">M. Tashiro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harada, Y" sort="Harada, Y" uniqKey="Harada Y" first="Y" last="Harada">Y. Harada</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, S" sort="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="S" last="Watanabe">S. Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" sort="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="T" last="Odagiri">T. Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Z" sort="Ye, Z" uniqKey="Ye Z" first="Z" last="Ye">Z. Ye</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grohmann, G" sort="Grohmann, G" uniqKey="Grohmann G" first="G" last="Grohmann">G. Grohmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Immunology and Vaccines, Therapeutic Goods Administration Laboratories, Woden, ACT, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Immunology and Vaccines, Therapeutic Goods Administration Laboratories, Woden, ACT</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ACT</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harvey, R" sort="Harvey, R" uniqKey="Harvey R" first="R" last="Harvey">R. Harvey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Potters Bar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Engelhardt, O" sort="Engelhardt, O" uniqKey="Engelhardt O" first="O" last="Engelhardt">O. Engelhardt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Potters Bar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, D" sort="Smith, D" uniqKey="Smith D" first="D" last="Smith">D. Smith</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, WHO CC for Modeling Evolution and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, WHO CC for Modeling Evolution and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamilton, K" sort="Hamilton, K" uniqKey="Hamilton K" first="K" last="Hamilton">K. Hamilton</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OIE Scientific and Technical Department, OIE, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE Scientific and Technical Department, OIE, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Claes, F" sort="Claes, F" uniqKey="Claes F" first="F" last="Claes">F. Claes</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dauphin, G" sort="Dauphin, G" uniqKey="Dauphin G" first="G" last="Dauphin">G. Dauphin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OFFLU/EMPRES Laboratory Unit, Animal Health Service, FAO, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">mBio</title><idno type="eISSN">2150-7511</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Drug Discovery (methods)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term><term>Influenza A virus (isolation & purification)</term><term>Influenza A virus (pathogenicity)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (immunology)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (isolation & purification)</term><term>Influenza in Birds (transmission)</term><term>Influenza in Birds (virology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (immunology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Influenza, Human (virology)</term><term>Pandemics (prevention & control)</term><term>Poultry</term><term>Technology, Pharmaceutical (methods)</term><term>Zoonoses (epidemiology)</term><term>Zoonoses (immunology)</term><term>Zoonoses (prevention & control)</term><term>Zoonoses (virology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Découverte de médicament ()</term><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux (transmission)</term><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux (virologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine ()</term><term>Grippe humaine (immunologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (virologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Pandémies ()</term><term>Technologie pharmaceutique ()</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (isolement et purification)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (isolement et purification)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (pathogénicité)</term><term>Volaille</term><term>Zoonoses ()</term><term>Zoonoses (immunologie)</term><term>Zoonoses (virologie)</term><term>Zoonoses (épidémiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term><term>Influenza Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Discovery</term><term>Technology, Pharmaceutical</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza in Birds</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza in Birds</term><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Poultry</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Découverte de médicament</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Humains</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Technologie pharmaceutique</term><term>Volaille</term><term>Zoonoses</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In recent years, controversy has arisen regarding the risks and benefits of certain types of gain-of-function (GOF) studies involving avian influenza viruses. In this article, we provide specific examples of how different types of data, including information garnered from GOF studies, have helped to shape the influenza vaccine production process-from selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) to the manufacture and stockpiling of safe, high-yield prepandemic vaccines for the global community. The article is not written to support a specific pro- or anti-GOF stance but rather to inform the scientific community about factors involved in vaccine virus selection and the preparation of prepandemic influenza vaccines and the impact that some GOF information has had on this process.</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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