Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review of the First Decade of GO-SHIP Global Repeat Hydrography.
Identifieur interne : 002C90 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 002C89; suivant : 002C91Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review of the First Decade of GO-SHIP Global Repeat Hydrography.
Auteurs : L D Talley [États-Unis] ; R A Feely ; B M Sloyan [Australie] ; R. Wanninkhof ; M O Baringer ; J L Bullister ; C A Carlson [États-Unis] ; S C Doney [États-Unis] ; R A Fine [États-Unis] ; E. Firing [États-Unis] ; N. Gruber [Suisse] ; D A Hansell [États-Unis] ; M. Ishii [Japon] ; G C Johnson ; K. Katsumata [Japon] ; R M Key [États-Unis] ; M. Kramp ; C. Langdon [États-Unis] ; A M Macdonald [États-Unis] ; J T Mathis ; E L Mcdonagh [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Mecking [États-Unis] ; F J Millero [États-Unis] ; C W Mordy ; T. Nakano [Japon] ; C L Sabine ; W M Smethie [États-Unis] ; J H Swift [États-Unis] ; T. Tanhua [Allemagne] ; A M Thurnherr [États-Unis] ; M J Warner [États-Unis] ; J-Z ZhangSource :
- Annual review of marine science [ 1941-0611 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- analyse : Carbone.
- Climat, Eau de mer, Mouvements de l'eau, Navires, Océanographie, Température.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Carbon.
- chemistry : Seawater.
- instrumentation : Oceanography.
- Climate, Ships, Temperature, Water Movements.
Abstract
Global ship-based programs, with highly accurate, full water column physical and biogeochemical observations repeated decadally since the 1970s, provide a crucial resource for documenting ocean change. The ocean, a central component of Earth's climate system, is taking up most of Earth's excess anthropogenic heat, with about 19% of this excess in the abyssal ocean beneath 2,000 m, dominated by Southern Ocean warming. The ocean also has taken up about 27% of anthropogenic carbon, resulting in acidification of the upper ocean. Increased stratification has resulted in a decline in oxygen and increase in nutrients in the Northern Hemisphere thermocline and an expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones. Southern Hemisphere thermocline oxygen increased in the 2000s owing to stronger wind forcing and ventilation. The most recent decade of global hydrography has mapped dissolved organic carbon, a large, bioactive reservoir, for the first time and quantified its contribution to export production (∼20%) and deep-ocean oxygen utilization. Ship-based measurements also show that vertical diffusivity increases from a minimum in the thermocline to a maximum within the bottom 1,500 m, shifting our physical paradigm of the ocean's overturning circulation.
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-052915-100829
PubMed: 26515811
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R A Feely<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>JCOMM in-situ Observations Programme Support Center (JCOMMOPS), Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané 29280, France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review of the First Decade of GO-SHIP Global Repeat Hydrography.</title><author><name sortKey="Talley, L D" sort="Talley, L D" uniqKey="Talley L" first="L D" last="Talley">L D Talley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu , jswift@ucsd.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feely, R A" sort="Feely, R A" uniqKey="Feely R" first="R A" last="Feely">R A Feely</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sloyan, B M" sort="Sloyan, B M" uniqKey="Sloyan B" first="B M" last="Sloyan">B M Sloyan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; email: bernadette.sloyan@csiro.au.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, Tasmania 7001</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wanninkhof, R" sort="Wanninkhof, R" uniqKey="Wanninkhof R" first="R" last="Wanninkhof">R. Wanninkhof</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baringer, M O" sort="Baringer, M O" uniqKey="Baringer M" first="M O" last="Baringer">M O Baringer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bullister, J L" sort="Bullister, J L" uniqKey="Bullister J" first="J L" last="Bullister">J L Bullister</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carlson, C A" sort="Carlson, C A" uniqKey="Carlson C" first="C A" last="Carlson">C A Carlson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106; email: carlson@lifesci.ucsb.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santa Barbara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doney, S C" sort="Doney, S C" uniqKey="Doney S" first="S C" last="Doney">S C Doney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu , amacdonald@whoi.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, R A" sort="Fine, R A" uniqKey="Fine R" first="R A" last="Fine">R A Fine</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Firing, E" sort="Firing, E" uniqKey="Firing E" first="E" last="Firing">E. Firing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822; email: efiring@hawaii.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Honolulu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruber, N" sort="Gruber, N" uniqKey="Gruber N" first="N" last="Gruber">N. Gruber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland; email: nicolas.gruber@env.ethz.ch.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich 8092</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansell, D A" sort="Hansell, D A" uniqKey="Hansell D" first="D A" last="Hansell">D A Hansell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishii, M" sort="Ishii, M" uniqKey="Ishii M" first="M" last="Ishii">M. Ishii</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba 305-0052, Japan; email: mishii@mri-jma.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba 305-0052</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tsukuba 305-0052</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, G C" sort="Johnson, G C" uniqKey="Johnson G" first="G C" last="Johnson">G C Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katsumata, K" sort="Katsumata, K" uniqKey="Katsumata K" first="K" last="Katsumata">K. Katsumata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan; email: k.katsumata@jamstec.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yokosuka 237-0061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Key, R M" sort="Key, R M" uniqKey="Key R" first="R M" last="Key">R M Key</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544; email: key@princeton.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Princeton</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Princeton (New Jersey)</settlement><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramp, M" sort="Kramp, M" uniqKey="Kramp M" first="M" last="Kramp">M. Kramp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>JCOMM in-situ Observations Programme Support Center (JCOMMOPS), Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané 29280, France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langdon, C" sort="Langdon, C" uniqKey="Langdon C" first="C" last="Langdon">C. Langdon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macdonald, A M" sort="Macdonald, A M" uniqKey="Macdonald A" first="A M" last="Macdonald">A M Macdonald</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu , amacdonald@whoi.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathis, J T" sort="Mathis, J T" uniqKey="Mathis J" first="J T" last="Mathis">J T Mathis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonagh, E L" sort="Mcdonagh, E L" uniqKey="Mcdonagh E" first="E L" last="Mcdonagh">E L Mcdonagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; email: e.mcdonagh@noc.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton SO14 3ZH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mecking, S" sort="Mecking, S" uniqKey="Mecking S" first="S" last="Mecking">S. Mecking</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105; email: mecking@uw.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millero, F J" sort="Millero, F J" uniqKey="Millero F" first="F J" last="Millero">F J Millero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mordy, C W" sort="Mordy, C W" uniqKey="Mordy C" first="C W" last="Mordy">C W Mordy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakano, T" sort="Nakano, T" uniqKey="Nakano T" first="T" last="Nakano">T. Nakano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan; email: nakano_t@met.kishou.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo 100-8122</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabine, C L" sort="Sabine, C L" uniqKey="Sabine C" first="C L" last="Sabine">C L Sabine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smethie, W M" sort="Smethie, W M" uniqKey="Smethie W" first="W M" last="Smethie">W M Smethie</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu , ant@ldeo.columbia.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu </wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swift, J H" sort="Swift, J H" uniqKey="Swift J" first="J H" last="Swift">J H Swift</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu , jswift@ucsd.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanhua, T" sort="Tanhua, T" uniqKey="Tanhua T" first="T" last="Tanhua">T. Tanhua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24015 Kiel, Germany; email: ttanhua@geomar.de.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24015 Kiel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thurnherr, A M" sort="Thurnherr, A M" uniqKey="Thurnherr A" first="A M" last="Thurnherr">A M Thurnherr</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu , ant@ldeo.columbia.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu </wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warner, M J" sort="Warner, M J" uniqKey="Warner M" first="M J" last="Warner">M J Warner</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; email: warner@u.washington.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, J Z" sort="Zhang, J Z" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="J-Z" last="Zhang">J-Z Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26515811</idno><idno type="pmid">26515811</idno><idno type="doi">10.1146/annurev-marine-052915-100829</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002534</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002534</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002466</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002466</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002466</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002466</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002C90</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002C90</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review of the First Decade of GO-SHIP Global Repeat Hydrography.</title><author><name sortKey="Talley, L D" sort="Talley, L D" uniqKey="Talley L" first="L D" last="Talley">L D Talley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu , jswift@ucsd.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feely, R A" sort="Feely, R A" uniqKey="Feely R" first="R A" last="Feely">R A Feely</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sloyan, B M" sort="Sloyan, B M" uniqKey="Sloyan B" first="B M" last="Sloyan">B M Sloyan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; email: bernadette.sloyan@csiro.au.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, Tasmania 7001</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wanninkhof, R" sort="Wanninkhof, R" uniqKey="Wanninkhof R" first="R" last="Wanninkhof">R. Wanninkhof</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baringer, M O" sort="Baringer, M O" uniqKey="Baringer M" first="M O" last="Baringer">M O Baringer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bullister, J L" sort="Bullister, J L" uniqKey="Bullister J" first="J L" last="Bullister">J L Bullister</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carlson, C A" sort="Carlson, C A" uniqKey="Carlson C" first="C A" last="Carlson">C A Carlson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106; email: carlson@lifesci.ucsb.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santa Barbara</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doney, S C" sort="Doney, S C" uniqKey="Doney S" first="S C" last="Doney">S C Doney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu , amacdonald@whoi.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fine, R A" sort="Fine, R A" uniqKey="Fine R" first="R A" last="Fine">R A Fine</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Firing, E" sort="Firing, E" uniqKey="Firing E" first="E" last="Firing">E. Firing</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822; email: efiring@hawaii.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Honolulu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruber, N" sort="Gruber, N" uniqKey="Gruber N" first="N" last="Gruber">N. Gruber</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland; email: nicolas.gruber@env.ethz.ch.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zurich 8092</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansell, D A" sort="Hansell, D A" uniqKey="Hansell D" first="D A" last="Hansell">D A Hansell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishii, M" sort="Ishii, M" uniqKey="Ishii M" first="M" last="Ishii">M. Ishii</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba 305-0052, Japan; email: mishii@mri-jma.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba 305-0052</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tsukuba 305-0052</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, G C" sort="Johnson, G C" uniqKey="Johnson G" first="G C" last="Johnson">G C Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katsumata, K" sort="Katsumata, K" uniqKey="Katsumata K" first="K" last="Katsumata">K. Katsumata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan; email: k.katsumata@jamstec.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yokosuka 237-0061</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Key, R M" sort="Key, R M" uniqKey="Key R" first="R M" last="Key">R M Key</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544; email: key@princeton.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Princeton</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Princeton (New Jersey)</settlement><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramp, M" sort="Kramp, M" uniqKey="Kramp M" first="M" last="Kramp">M. Kramp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>JCOMM in-situ Observations Programme Support Center (JCOMMOPS), Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané 29280, France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">France; email: mkramp@jcommops.org.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langdon, C" sort="Langdon, C" uniqKey="Langdon C" first="C" last="Langdon">C. Langdon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macdonald, A M" sort="Macdonald, A M" uniqKey="Macdonald A" first="A M" last="Macdonald">A M Macdonald</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu , amacdonald@whoi.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Massachusetts 02543; email: sdoney@whoi.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathis, J T" sort="Mathis, J T" uniqKey="Mathis J" first="J T" last="Mathis">J T Mathis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdonagh, E L" sort="Mcdonagh, E L" uniqKey="Mcdonagh E" first="E L" last="Mcdonagh">E L Mcdonagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; email: e.mcdonagh@noc.ac.uk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton SO14 3ZH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton SO14 3ZH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mecking, S" sort="Mecking, S" uniqKey="Mecking S" first="S" last="Mecking">S. Mecking</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105; email: mecking@uw.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Millero, F J" sort="Millero, F J" uniqKey="Millero F" first="F J" last="Millero">F J Millero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu , fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rfine@rsmas.miami.edu , dhansell@rsmas.miami.edu , clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>clangdon@rsmas.miami.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mordy, C W" sort="Mordy, C W" uniqKey="Mordy C" first="C W" last="Mordy">C W Mordy</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakano, T" sort="Nakano, T" uniqKey="Nakano T" first="T" last="Nakano">T. Nakano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan; email: nakano_t@met.kishou.go.jp.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo 100-8122</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabine, C L" sort="Sabine, C L" uniqKey="Sabine C" first="C L" last="Sabine">C L Sabine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115; email: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov , john.l.bullister@noaa.gov , gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov , jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov , chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">chris.sabine@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smethie, W M" sort="Smethie, W M" uniqKey="Smethie W" first="W M" last="Smethie">W M Smethie</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu , ant@ldeo.columbia.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu </wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Swift, J H" sort="Swift, J H" uniqKey="Swift J" first="J H" last="Swift">J H Swift</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu , jswift@ucsd.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>California 92093; email: ltalley@ucsd.edu </wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanhua, T" sort="Tanhua, T" uniqKey="Tanhua T" first="T" last="Tanhua">T. Tanhua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24015 Kiel, Germany; email: ttanhua@geomar.de.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24015 Kiel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>24015 Kiel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thurnherr, A M" sort="Thurnherr, A M" uniqKey="Thurnherr A" first="A M" last="Thurnherr">A M Thurnherr</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu , ant@ldeo.columbia.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; email: bsmeth@ldeo.columbia.edu </wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warner, M J" sort="Warner, M J" uniqKey="Warner M" first="M J" last="Warner">M J Warner</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; email: warner@u.washington.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, J Z" sort="Zhang, J Z" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="J-Z" last="Zhang">J-Z Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida 33149; email: rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov , molly.baringer@noaa.gov , jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annual review of marine science</title><idno type="eISSN">1941-0611</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon (analysis)</term><term>Climate</term><term>Oceanography (instrumentation)</term><term>Seawater (chemistry)</term><term>Ships</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Water Movements</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone (analyse)</term><term>Climat</term><term>Eau de mer ()</term><term>Mouvements de l'eau</term><term>Navires</term><term>Océanographie (instrumentation)</term><term>Température</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Seawater</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="instrumentation" xml:lang="en"><term>Oceanography</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Climate</term><term>Ships</term><term>Temperature</term><term>Water Movements</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Climat</term><term>Eau de mer</term><term>Mouvements de l'eau</term><term>Navires</term><term>Océanographie</term><term>Température</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Global ship-based programs, with highly accurate, full water column physical and biogeochemical observations repeated decadally since the 1970s, provide a crucial resource for documenting ocean change. The ocean, a central component of Earth's climate system, is taking up most of Earth's excess anthropogenic heat, with about 19% of this excess in the abyssal ocean beneath 2,000 m, dominated by Southern Ocean warming. The ocean also has taken up about 27% of anthropogenic carbon, resulting in acidification of the upper ocean. Increased stratification has resulted in a decline in oxygen and increase in nutrients in the Northern Hemisphere thermocline and an expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones. Southern Hemisphere thermocline oxygen increased in the 2000s owing to stronger wind forcing and ventilation. The most recent decade of global hydrography has mapped dissolved organic carbon, a large, bioactive reservoir, for the first time and quantified its contribution to export production (∼20%) and deep-ocean oxygen utilization. Ship-based measurements also show that vertical diffusivity increases from a minimum in the thermocline to a maximum within the bottom 1,500 m, shifting our physical paradigm of the ocean's overturning circulation.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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