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2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.

Identifieur interne : 002466 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002465; suivant : 002467

2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.

Auteurs : L. Ansaloni [Italie] ; M. Pisano [Italie] ; F. Coccolini [Italie] ; A B Peitzmann [États-Unis] ; A. Fingerhut [Autriche] ; F. Catena [Italie] ; F. Agresta [Italie] ; A. Allegri [Italie] ; I. Bailey [Royaume-Uni] ; Z J Balogh [Australie] ; C. Bendinelli [Australie] ; W. Biffl [États-Unis] ; L. Bonavina [Italie] ; G. Borzellino [Italie] ; F. Brunetti [France] ; C C Burlew [États-Unis] ; G. Camapanelli [Italie] ; F C Campanile [Italie] ; M. Ceresoli [Italie] ; O. Chiara [Italie] ; I. Civil [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; R. Coimbra [États-Unis] ; M. De Moya [États-Unis] ; S. Di Saverio [Italie] ; G P Fraga ; S. Gupta [Inde] ; J. Kashuk [Israël] ; M D Kelly ; V. Koka [Biélorussie] ; H. Jeekel ; R. Latifi [États-Unis] ; A. Leppaniemi [Finlande] ; R V Maier [États-Unis] ; I. Marzi [Allemagne] ; F. Moore [États-Unis] ; D. Piazzalunga [Italie] ; B. Sakakushev [Bulgarie] ; M. Sartelli [Italie] ; T. Scalea [États-Unis] ; P F Stahel [États-Unis] ; K. Taviloglu [Turquie] ; G. Tugnoli [Italie] ; S. Uraneus [Autriche] ; G C Velmahos [États-Unis] ; I. Wani ; D G Weber [Australie] ; P. Viale [Italie] ; M. Sugrue [Irlande (pays)] ; R. Ivatury [États-Unis] ; Y. Kluger [Israël] ; K S Gurusamy [Royaume-Uni] ; E E Moore [Turquie]

Source :

World journal of emergency surgery : WJES [ 1749-7922 ] ; 2016.

RBID : pubmed:27307785

Abstract

Acute calculus cholecystitis is a very common disease with several area of uncertainty. The World Society of Emergency Surgery developed extensive guidelines in order to cover grey areas. The diagnostic criteria, the antimicrobial therapy, the evaluation of associated common bile duct stones, the identification of "high risk" patients, the surgical timing, the type of surgery, and the alternatives to surgery are discussed. Moreover the algorithm is proposed: as soon as diagnosis is made and after the evaluation of choledocholitiasis risk, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be offered to all patients exception of those with high risk of morbidity or mortality. These Guidelines must be considered as an adjunctive tool for decision but they are not substitute of the clinical judgement for the individual patient.

DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0082-5
PubMed: 27307785

Affiliations:

Allemagne, Australie, Autriche, Biélorussie, Bulgarie, Finlande, France, Inde, Irlande (pays), Israël, Italie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Royaume-Uni, Turquie, États-Unis
Angleterre, Arizona, Californie, Colorado, District de Darmstadt, Floride, Grand Londres, Hawaï, Hesse (Land), Lombardie, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Pennsylvanie, Virginie, Washington (État), Île-de-France
Créteil, Francfort-sur-le-Main, Londres, Milan
University College de Londres

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<author><name sortKey="Burlew, C C" sort="Burlew, C C" uniqKey="Burlew C" first="C C" last="Burlew">C C Burlew</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Camapanelli, G" sort="Camapanelli, G" uniqKey="Camapanelli G" first="G" last="Camapanelli">G. Camapanelli</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Campanile, F C" sort="Campanile, F C" uniqKey="Campanile F" first="F C" last="Campanile">F C Campanile</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ceresoli, M" sort="Ceresoli, M" uniqKey="Ceresoli M" first="M" last="Ceresoli">M. Ceresoli</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chiara, O" sort="Chiara, O" uniqKey="Chiara O" first="O" last="Chiara">O. Chiara</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Civil, I" sort="Civil, I" uniqKey="Civil I" first="I" last="Civil">I. Civil</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coimbra, R" sort="Coimbra, R" uniqKey="Coimbra R" first="R" last="Coimbra">R. Coimbra</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, CA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="De Moya, M" sort="De Moya, M" uniqKey="De Moya M" first="M" last="De Moya">M. De Moya</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Di Saverio, S" sort="Di Saverio, S" uniqKey="Di Saverio S" first="S" last="Di Saverio">S. Di Saverio</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fraga, G P" sort="Fraga, G P" uniqKey="Fraga G" first="G P" last="Fraga">G P Fraga</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" sort="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="S" last="Gupta">S. Gupta</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kelly, M D" sort="Kelly, M D" uniqKey="Kelly M" first="M D" last="Kelly">M D Kelly</name>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koka, V" sort="Koka, V" uniqKey="Koka V" first="V" last="Koka">V. Koka</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Biélorussie</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Jeekel, H" sort="Jeekel, H" uniqKey="Jeekel H" first="H" last="Jeekel">H. Jeekel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Holland Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Holland Netherlands</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Latifi, R" sort="Latifi, R" uniqKey="Latifi R" first="R" last="Latifi">R. Latifi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.</nlm:affiliation>
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<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>University of Arizona, Tucson</wicri:cityArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Leppaniemi, A" sort="Leppaniemi, A" uniqKey="Leppaniemi A" first="A" last="Leppaniemi">A. Leppaniemi</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Maier, R V" sort="Maier, R V" uniqKey="Maier R" first="R V" last="Maier">R V Maier</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Marzi, I" sort="Marzi, I" uniqKey="Marzi I" first="I" last="Marzi">I. Marzi</name>
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<placeName><region type="state">Floride</region>
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<wicri:cityArea>Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Piazzalunga, D" sort="Piazzalunga, D" uniqKey="Piazzalunga D" first="D" last="Piazzalunga">D. Piazzalunga</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Sakakushev, B" sort="Sakakushev, B" uniqKey="Sakakushev B" first="B" last="Sakakushev">B. Sakakushev</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital St. George/Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>First General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital St. George/Medical University, Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Plovdiv</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Sartelli, M" sort="Sartelli, M" uniqKey="Sartelli M" first="M" last="Sartelli">M. Sartelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Macerata</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scalea, T" sort="Scalea, T" uniqKey="Scalea T" first="T" last="Scalea">T. Scalea</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Shock Trauma Center, Critical Care Services, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Shock Trauma Center, Critical Care Services, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore</wicri:cityArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stahel, P F" sort="Stahel, P F" uniqKey="Stahel P" first="P F" last="Stahel">P F Stahel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Denver Health Medical Center, Denver</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Taviloglu, K" sort="Taviloglu, K" uniqKey="Taviloglu K" first="K" last="Taviloglu">K. Taviloglu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tugnoli, G" sort="Tugnoli, G" uniqKey="Tugnoli G" first="G" last="Tugnoli">G. Tugnoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uraneus, S" sort="Uraneus, S" uniqKey="Uraneus S" first="S" last="Uraneus">S. Uraneus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Velmahos, G C" sort="Velmahos, G C" uniqKey="Velmahos G" first="G C" last="Velmahos">G C Velmahos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wani, I" sort="Wani, I" uniqKey="Wani I" first="I" last="Wani">I. Wani</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>DHS, Srinagar, Kashmir India.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Kashmir India</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weber, D G" sort="Weber, D G" uniqKey="Weber D" first="D G" last="Weber">D G Weber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Trauma and General Surgery & The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Trauma and General Surgery & The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Viale, P" sort="Viale, P" uniqKey="Viale P" first="P" last="Viale">P. Viale</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Infectious Disease Unit, Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola-Malpighi Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Unit, Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola-Malpighi Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sugrue, M" sort="Sugrue, M" uniqKey="Sugrue M" first="M" last="Sugrue">M. Sugrue</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Letterkenny University Hospital & Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Letterkenny University Hospital & Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Donegal</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ivatury, R" sort="Ivatury, R" uniqKey="Ivatury R" first="R" last="Ivatury">R. Ivatury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kluger, Y" sort="Kluger, Y" uniqKey="Kluger Y" first="Y" last="Kluger">Y. Kluger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Haifa</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gurusamy, K S" sort="Gurusamy, K S" uniqKey="Gurusamy K" first="K S" last="Gurusamy">K S Gurusamy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Royal Free Campus, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, E E" sort="Moore, E E" uniqKey="Moore E" first="E E" last="Moore">E E Moore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:27307785</idno>
<idno type="pmid">27307785</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1186/s13017-016-0082-5</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001C98</idno>
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<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001C74</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Ansaloni, L" sort="Ansaloni, L" uniqKey="Ansaloni L" first="L" last="Ansaloni">L. Ansaloni</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pisano, M" sort="Pisano, M" uniqKey="Pisano M" first="M" last="Pisano">M. Pisano</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coccolini, F" sort="Coccolini, F" uniqKey="Coccolini F" first="F" last="Coccolini">F. Coccolini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peitzmann, A B" sort="Peitzmann, A B" uniqKey="Peitzmann A" first="A B" last="Peitzmann">A B Peitzmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Surgery, UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fingerhut, A" sort="Fingerhut, A" uniqKey="Fingerhut A" first="A" last="Fingerhut">A. Fingerhut</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgical Research, Medical Univeristy of Graz, Graz, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgical Research, Medical Univeristy of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Catena, F" sort="Catena, F" uniqKey="Catena F" first="F" last="Catena">F. Catena</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery of the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery of the University Hospital of Parma, Parma</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Parma</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Agresta, F" sort="Agresta, F" uniqKey="Agresta F" first="F" last="Agresta">F. Agresta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of General Surgery, Adria Civil Hospital, Adria (RO), Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Surgery, Adria Civil Hospital, Adria (RO)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Adria (RO)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Allegri, A" sort="Allegri, A" uniqKey="Allegri A" first="A" last="Allegri">A. Allegri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bailey, I" sort="Bailey, I" uniqKey="Bailey I" first="I" last="Bailey">I. Bailey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University Hospital Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Balogh, Z J" sort="Balogh, Z J" uniqKey="Balogh Z" first="Z J" last="Balogh">Z J Balogh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>Australie</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bendinelli, C" sort="Bendinelli, C" uniqKey="Bendinelli C" first="C" last="Bendinelli">C. Bendinelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>Australie</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Biffl, W" sort="Biffl, W" uniqKey="Biffl W" first="W" last="Biffl">W. Biffl</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Acute Care Surgery, Queen's Medical Center, School of Medicine of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Hawaï</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Acute Care Surgery, Queen's Medical Center, School of Medicine of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bonavina, L" sort="Bonavina, L" uniqKey="Bonavina L" first="L" last="Bonavina">L. Bonavina</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan Medical School, Milan</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Lombardie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Borzellino, G" sort="Borzellino, G" uniqKey="Borzellino G" first="G" last="Borzellino">G. Borzellino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Verona, Verona, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Verona, Verona</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Verona</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brunetti, F" sort="Brunetti, F" uniqKey="Brunetti F" first="F" last="Brunetti">F. Brunetti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unit of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Henri Mondor Hospital AP-HP, Université Paris Est-UPEC, Créteil, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Henri Mondor Hospital AP-HP, Université Paris Est-UPEC, Créteil</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burlew, C C" sort="Burlew, C C" uniqKey="Burlew C" first="C C" last="Burlew">C C Burlew</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Denver</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Camapanelli, G" sort="Camapanelli, G" uniqKey="Camapanelli G" first="G" last="Camapanelli">G. Camapanelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery - Day Surgery Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Insubria University, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery - Day Surgery Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Insubria University, Milan</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Lombardie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campanile, F C" sort="Campanile, F C" uniqKey="Campanile F" first="F C" last="Campanile">F C Campanile</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ospedale San Giovanni Decollato - Andosilla, Civita Castellana, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Ospedale San Giovanni Decollato - Andosilla, Civita Castellana</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Civita Castellana</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ceresoli, M" sort="Ceresoli, M" uniqKey="Ceresoli M" first="M" last="Ceresoli">M. Ceresoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chiara, O" sort="Chiara, O" uniqKey="Chiara O" first="O" last="Chiara">O. Chiara</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Department, Trauma Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Emergency Department, Trauma Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Lombardie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Civil, I" sort="Civil, I" uniqKey="Civil I" first="I" last="Civil">I. Civil</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coimbra, R" sort="Coimbra, R" uniqKey="Coimbra R" first="R" last="Coimbra">R. Coimbra</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, CA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Moya, M" sort="De Moya, M" uniqKey="De Moya M" first="M" last="De Moya">M. De Moya</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Di Saverio, S" sort="Di Saverio, S" uniqKey="Di Saverio S" first="S" last="Di Saverio">S. Di Saverio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fraga, G P" sort="Fraga, G P" uniqKey="Fraga G" first="G P" last="Fraga">G P Fraga</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">SP Brazil</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" sort="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="S" last="Gupta">S. Gupta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Chandigarh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Chandigarh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kashuk, J" sort="Kashuk, J" uniqKey="Kashuk J" first="J" last="Kashuk">J. Kashuk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Assia Medical Group, Tel Aviv, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Assia Medical Group, Tel Aviv</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tel Aviv</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelly, M D" sort="Kelly, M D" uniqKey="Kelly M" first="M D" last="Kelly">M D Kelly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Acute Surgical Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">ACT Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koka, V" sort="Koka, V" uniqKey="Koka V" first="V" last="Koka">V. Koka</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Surgical Department, Mozyr City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Biélorussie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Surgical Department, Mozyr City Hospital, Mozyr</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Mozyr</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jeekel, H" sort="Jeekel, H" uniqKey="Jeekel H" first="H" last="Jeekel">H. Jeekel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Holland Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Holland Netherlands</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Latifi, R" sort="Latifi, R" uniqKey="Latifi R" first="R" last="Latifi">R. Latifi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>University of Arizona, Tucson</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Leppaniemi, A" sort="Leppaniemi, A" uniqKey="Leppaniemi A" first="A" last="Leppaniemi">A. Leppaniemi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maier, R V" sort="Maier, R V" uniqKey="Maier R" first="R V" last="Maier">R V Maier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marzi, I" sort="Marzi, I" uniqKey="Marzi I" first="I" last="Marzi">I. Marzi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region>
<settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, F" sort="Moore, F" uniqKey="Moore F" first="F" last="Moore">F. Moore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Piazzalunga, D" sort="Piazzalunga, D" uniqKey="Piazzalunga D" first="D" last="Piazzalunga">D. Piazzalunga</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>24127 Bergamo</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sakakushev, B" sort="Sakakushev, B" uniqKey="Sakakushev B" first="B" last="Sakakushev">B. Sakakushev</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital St. George/Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>First General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital St. George/Medical University, Plovdiv</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Plovdiv</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sartelli, M" sort="Sartelli, M" uniqKey="Sartelli M" first="M" last="Sartelli">M. Sartelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Macerata</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scalea, T" sort="Scalea, T" uniqKey="Scalea T" first="T" last="Scalea">T. Scalea</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Shock Trauma Center, Critical Care Services, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Shock Trauma Center, Critical Care Services, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stahel, P F" sort="Stahel, P F" uniqKey="Stahel P" first="P F" last="Stahel">P F Stahel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Denver Health Medical Center, Denver</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Taviloglu, K" sort="Taviloglu, K" uniqKey="Taviloglu K" first="K" last="Taviloglu">K. Taviloglu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tugnoli, G" sort="Tugnoli, G" uniqKey="Tugnoli G" first="G" last="Tugnoli">G. Tugnoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uraneus, S" sort="Uraneus, S" uniqKey="Uraneus S" first="S" last="Uraneus">S. Uraneus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Graz</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Velmahos, G C" sort="Velmahos, G C" uniqKey="Velmahos G" first="G C" last="Velmahos">G C Velmahos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wani, I" sort="Wani, I" uniqKey="Wani I" first="I" last="Wani">I. Wani</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>DHS, Srinagar, Kashmir India.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Kashmir India</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weber, D G" sort="Weber, D G" uniqKey="Weber D" first="D G" last="Weber">D G Weber</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Trauma and General Surgery & The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Trauma and General Surgery & The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Perth</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Viale, P" sort="Viale, P" uniqKey="Viale P" first="P" last="Viale">P. Viale</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Infectious Disease Unit, Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola-Malpighi Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Unit, Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola-Malpighi Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bologna</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sugrue, M" sort="Sugrue, M" uniqKey="Sugrue M" first="M" last="Sugrue">M. Sugrue</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Letterkenny University Hospital & Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Letterkenny University Hospital & Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Donegal</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ivatury, R" sort="Ivatury, R" uniqKey="Ivatury R" first="R" last="Ivatury">R. Ivatury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kluger, Y" sort="Kluger, Y" uniqKey="Kluger Y" first="Y" last="Kluger">Y. Kluger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Haifa</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gurusamy, K S" sort="Gurusamy, K S" uniqKey="Gurusamy K" first="K S" last="Gurusamy">K S Gurusamy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Royal Free Campus, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, E E" sort="Moore, E E" uniqKey="Moore E" first="E E" last="Moore">E E Moore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">World journal of emergency surgery : WJES</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1749-7922</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Acute calculus cholecystitis is a very common disease with several area of uncertainty. The World Society of Emergency Surgery developed extensive guidelines in order to cover grey areas. The diagnostic criteria, the antimicrobial therapy, the evaluation of associated common bile duct stones, the identification of "high risk" patients, the surgical timing, the type of surgery, and the alternatives to surgery are discussed. Moreover the algorithm is proposed: as soon as diagnosis is made and after the evaluation of choledocholitiasis risk, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be offered to all patients exception of those with high risk of morbidity or mortality. These Guidelines must be considered as an adjunctive tool for decision but they are not substitute of the clinical judgement for the individual patient.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27307785</PMID>
<DateCreated><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>20</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1749-7922</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume>
<PubDate><Year>2016</Year>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>World journal of emergency surgery : WJES</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>World J Emerg Surg</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>25</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s13017-016-0082-5</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Acute calculus cholecystitis is a very common disease with several area of uncertainty. The World Society of Emergency Surgery developed extensive guidelines in order to cover grey areas. The diagnostic criteria, the antimicrobial therapy, the evaluation of associated common bile duct stones, the identification of "high risk" patients, the surgical timing, the type of surgery, and the alternatives to surgery are discussed. Moreover the algorithm is proposed: as soon as diagnosis is made and after the evaluation of choledocholitiasis risk, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be offered to all patients exception of those with high risk of morbidity or mortality. These Guidelines must be considered as an adjunctive tool for decision but they are not substitute of the clinical judgement for the individual patient.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ansaloni</LastName>
<ForeName>L</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pisano</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-9237-3530</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coccolini</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Peitzmann</LastName>
<ForeName>A B</ForeName>
<Initials>AB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fingerhut</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgical Research, Medical Univeristy of Graz, Graz, Austria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Catena</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery of the University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Agresta</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Surgery, Adria Civil Hospital, Adria (RO), Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Allegri</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bailey</LastName>
<ForeName>I</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Balogh</LastName>
<ForeName>Z J</ForeName>
<Initials>ZJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bendinelli</LastName>
<ForeName>C</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Biffl</LastName>
<ForeName>W</ForeName>
<Initials>W</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acute Care Surgery, Queen's Medical Center, School of Medicine of the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonavina</LastName>
<ForeName>L</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Borzellino</LastName>
<ForeName>G</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Verona, Verona, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brunetti</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unit of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Henri Mondor Hospital AP-HP, Université Paris Est-UPEC, Créteil, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Burlew</LastName>
<ForeName>C C</ForeName>
<Initials>CC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Camapanelli</LastName>
<ForeName>G</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery - Day Surgery Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Insubria University, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Campanile</LastName>
<ForeName>F C</ForeName>
<Initials>FC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ospedale San Giovanni Decollato - Andosilla, Civita Castellana, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ceresoli</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chiara</LastName>
<ForeName>O</ForeName>
<Initials>O</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Department, Trauma Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Civil</LastName>
<ForeName>I</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coimbra</LastName>
<ForeName>R</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, University of California San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, CA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De Moya</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Di Saverio</LastName>
<ForeName>S</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fraga</LastName>
<ForeName>G P</ForeName>
<Initials>GP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gupta</LastName>
<ForeName>S</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Chandigarh, India.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kashuk</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Assia Medical Group, Tel Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kelly</LastName>
<ForeName>M D</ForeName>
<Initials>MD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acute Surgical Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koka</LastName>
<ForeName>V</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Surgical Department, Mozyr City Hospital, Mozyr, Belarus.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jeekel</LastName>
<ForeName>H</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Holland Netherlands.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Latifi</LastName>
<ForeName>R</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leppaniemi</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maier</LastName>
<ForeName>R V</ForeName>
<Initials>RV</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marzi</LastName>
<ForeName>I</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moore</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Piazzalunga</LastName>
<ForeName>D</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General Surgery I, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sakakushev</LastName>
<ForeName>B</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>First General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital St. George/Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sartelli</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Scalea</LastName>
<ForeName>T</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Shock Trauma Center, Critical Care Services, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stahel</LastName>
<ForeName>P F</ForeName>
<Initials>PF</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Taviloglu</LastName>
<ForeName>K</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tugnoli</LastName>
<ForeName>G</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Maggiore Hospital Trauma Center, Bologna, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Uraneus</LastName>
<ForeName>S</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Velmahos</LastName>
<ForeName>G C</ForeName>
<Initials>GC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wani</LastName>
<ForeName>I</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>DHS, Srinagar, Kashmir India.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weber</LastName>
<ForeName>D G</ForeName>
<Initials>DG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Trauma and General Surgery & The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Viale</LastName>
<ForeName>P</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Infectious Disease Unit, Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola-Malpighi Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sugrue</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Letterkenny University Hospital & Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal, Ireland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ivatury</LastName>
<ForeName>R</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kluger</LastName>
<ForeName>Y</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gurusamy</LastName>
<ForeName>K S</ForeName>
<Initials>KS</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moore</LastName>
<ForeName>E E</ForeName>
<Initials>EE</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Taviloglu Proctology Center, Istanbul, Turkey.</Affiliation>
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<Language>eng</Language>
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<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>14</Day>
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<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Abdominal infections</Keyword>
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<li>Autriche</li>
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<li>Finlande</li>
<li>France</li>
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<li>Israël</li>
<li>Italie</li>
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<li>Arizona</li>
<li>Californie</li>
<li>Colorado</li>
<li>District de Darmstadt</li>
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<li>Grand Londres</li>
<li>Hawaï</li>
<li>Hesse (Land)</li>
<li>Lombardie</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Massachusetts</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Virginie</li>
<li>Washington (État)</li>
<li>Île-de-France</li>
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<li>Francfort-sur-le-Main</li>
<li>Londres</li>
<li>Milan</li>
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	Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie
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Serveur d'exploration sur les relations entre la France et l'Australie

2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.

2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.

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