Plant genetics. Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome.
Identifieur interne : 001D34 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 001D33; suivant : 001D35Plant genetics. Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome.
Auteurs : Boulos Chalhoub [France] ; France Denoeud [France] ; Shengyi Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Isobel A P. Parkin [Canada] ; Haibao Tang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiyin Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Julien Chiquet [France] ; Harry Belcram [France] ; Chaobo Tong [République populaire de Chine] ; Birgit Samans [Allemagne] ; Margot Corréa [France] ; Corinne Da Silva [France] ; Jérémy Just [France] ; Cyril Falentin [France] ; Chu Shin Koh [Canada] ; Isabelle Le Clainche [France] ; Maria Bernard [France] ; Pascal Bento [France] ; Benjamin Noel [France] ; Karine Labadie [France] ; Adriana Alberti [France] ; Mathieu Charles [France] ; Dominique Arnaud [France] ; Hui Guo [États-Unis] ; Christian Daviaud [France] ; Salman Alamery [Australie] ; Kamel Jabbari [Allemagne] ; Meixia Zhao [États-Unis] ; Patrick P. Edger [États-Unis] ; Houda Chelaifa [France] ; David Tack [Canada] ; Gilles Lassalle [France] ; Imen Mestiri [France] ; Nicolas Schnel [France] ; Marie-Christine Le Paslier [France] ; Guangyi Fan [République populaire de Chine] ; Victor Renault [France] ; Philippe E. Bayer [Australie] ; Agnieszka A. Golicz [Australie] ; Sahana Manoli [Australie] ; Tae-Ho Lee [États-Unis] ; Vinh Ha Dinh Thi [France] ; Smahane Chalabi [France] ; Qiong Hu [République populaire de Chine] ; Chuchuan Fan [République populaire de Chine] ; Reece Tollenaere [Australie] ; Yunhai Lu [France] ; Christophe Battail [France] ; Jinxiong Shen [République populaire de Chine] ; Christine H D. Sidebottom [Canada] ; Xinfa Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Aurélie Canaguier [France] ; Aurélie Chauveau [France] ; Aurélie Bérard [France] ; Gwenaëlle Deniot [France] ; Mei Guan [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhongsong Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Fengming Sun [République populaire de Chine] ; Yong Pyo Lim [Corée du Sud] ; Eric Lyons [États-Unis] ; Christopher D. Town [États-Unis] ; Ian Bancroft [Royaume-Uni] ; Xiaowu Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinling Meng [République populaire de Chine] ; Jianxin Ma [États-Unis] ; J Chris Pires [États-Unis] ; Graham J. King [Australie] ; Dominique Brunel [France] ; Régine Delourme [France] ; Michel Renard [France] ; Jean-Marc Aury [France] ; Keith L. Adams [Canada] ; Jacqueline Batley [Australie] ; Rod J. Snowdon [Allemagne] ; Jorg Tost [France] ; David Edwards [Australie] ; Yongming Zhou [République populaire de Chine] ; Wei Hua [République populaire de Chine] ; Andrew G. Sharpe [Canada] ; Andrew H. Paterson [États-Unis] ; Chunyun Guan [République populaire de Chine] ; Patrick Wincker [France]Source :
- Science (New York, N.Y.) [ 1095-9203 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- cytologie : Brassica napus.
- génétique : Brassica napus, Graines.
- Duplication chromosomique, Génome végétal, Polyploïdie, Évolution moléculaire.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- cytology : Brassica napus.
- genetics : Brassica napus, Seeds.
- Chromosome Duplication, Evolution, Molecular, Genome, Plant, Polyploidy.
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed ~7500 years ago by hybridization between B. rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as allopolyploidy. Together with more ancient polyploidizations, this conferred an aggregate 72× genome multiplication since the origin of angiosperms and high gene content. We examined the B. napus genome and the consequences of its recent duplication. The constituent An and Cn subgenomes are engaged in subtle structural, functional, and epigenetic cross-talk, with abundant homeologous exchanges. Incipient gene loss and expression divergence have begun. Selection in B. napus oilseed types has accelerated the loss of glucosinolate genes, while preserving expansion of oil biosynthesis genes. These processes provide insights into allopolyploid evolution and its relationship with crop domestication and improvement.
DOI: 10.1126/science.1253435
PubMed: 25146293
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pubmed:25146293Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Just, Jeremy" sort="Just, Jeremy" uniqKey="Just J" first="Jérémy" last="Just">Jérémy Just</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Falentin, Cyril" sort="Falentin, Cyril" uniqKey="Falentin C" first="Cyril" last="Falentin">Cyril Falentin</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Le Clainche, Isabelle" sort="Le Clainche, Isabelle" uniqKey="Le Clainche I" first="Isabelle" last="Le Clainche">Isabelle Le Clainche</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bernard, Maria" sort="Bernard, Maria" uniqKey="Bernard M" first="Maria" last="Bernard">Maria Bernard</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Bento, Pascal" sort="Bento, Pascal" uniqKey="Bento P" first="Pascal" last="Bento">Pascal Bento</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Labadie, Karine" sort="Labadie, Karine" uniqKey="Labadie K" first="Karine" last="Labadie">Karine Labadie</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Alberti, Adriana" sort="Alberti, Adriana" uniqKey="Alberti A" first="Adriana" last="Alberti">Adriana Alberti</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Charles, Mathieu" sort="Charles, Mathieu" uniqKey="Charles M" first="Mathieu" last="Charles">Mathieu Charles</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Arnaud, Dominique" sort="Arnaud, Dominique" uniqKey="Arnaud D" first="Dominique" last="Arnaud">Dominique Arnaud</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Guo, Hui" sort="Guo, Hui" uniqKey="Guo H" first="Hui" last="Guo">Hui Guo</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Daviaud, Christian" sort="Daviaud, Christian" uniqKey="Daviaud C" first="Christian" last="Daviaud">Christian Daviaud</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Alamery, Salman" sort="Alamery, Salman" uniqKey="Alamery S" first="Salman" last="Alamery">Salman Alamery</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Jabbari, Kamel" sort="Jabbari, Kamel" uniqKey="Jabbari K" first="Kamel" last="Jabbari">Kamel Jabbari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Köln, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Köln</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Meixia" sort="Zhao, Meixia" uniqKey="Zhao M" first="Meixia" last="Zhao">Meixia Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Edger, Patrick P" sort="Edger, Patrick P" uniqKey="Edger P" first="Patrick P" last="Edger">Patrick P. Edger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chelaifa, Houda" sort="Chelaifa, Houda" uniqKey="Chelaifa H" first="Houda" last="Chelaifa">Houda Chelaifa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Tack, David" sort="Tack, David" uniqKey="Tack D" first="David" last="Tack">David Tack</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lassalle, Gilles" sort="Lassalle, Gilles" uniqKey="Lassalle G" first="Gilles" last="Lassalle">Gilles Lassalle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mestiri, Imen" sort="Mestiri, Imen" uniqKey="Mestiri I" first="Imen" last="Mestiri">Imen Mestiri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schnel, Nicolas" sort="Schnel, Nicolas" uniqKey="Schnel N" first="Nicolas" last="Schnel">Nicolas Schnel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Le Paslier, Marie Christine" sort="Le Paslier, Marie Christine" uniqKey="Le Paslier M" first="Marie-Christine" last="Le Paslier">Marie-Christine Le Paslier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Guangyi" sort="Fan, Guangyi" uniqKey="Fan G" first="Guangyi" last="Fan">Guangyi Fan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Renault, Victor" sort="Renault, Victor" uniqKey="Renault V" first="Victor" last="Renault">Victor Renault</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Étude du Polymorphisme Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Étude du Polymorphisme Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>75010 Paris</wicri:noRegion>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bayer, Philippe E" sort="Bayer, Philippe E" uniqKey="Bayer P" first="Philippe E" last="Bayer">Philippe E. Bayer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Golicz, Agnieszka A" sort="Golicz, Agnieszka A" uniqKey="Golicz A" first="Agnieszka A" last="Golicz">Agnieszka A. Golicz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Manoli, Sahana" sort="Manoli, Sahana" uniqKey="Manoli S" first="Sahana" last="Manoli">Sahana Manoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Tae Ho" sort="Lee, Tae Ho" uniqKey="Lee T" first="Tae-Ho" last="Lee">Tae-Ho Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thi, Vinh Ha Dinh" sort="Thi, Vinh Ha Dinh" uniqKey="Thi V" first="Vinh Ha Dinh" last="Thi">Vinh Ha Dinh Thi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chalabi, Smahane" sort="Chalabi, Smahane" uniqKey="Chalabi S" first="Smahane" last="Chalabi">Smahane Chalabi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hu, Qiong" sort="Hu, Qiong" uniqKey="Hu Q" first="Qiong" last="Hu">Qiong Hu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Chuchuan" sort="Fan, Chuchuan" uniqKey="Fan C" first="Chuchuan" last="Fan">Chuchuan Fan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tollenaere, Reece" sort="Tollenaere, Reece" uniqKey="Tollenaere R" first="Reece" last="Tollenaere">Reece Tollenaere</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lu, Yunhai" sort="Lu, Yunhai" uniqKey="Lu Y" first="Yunhai" last="Lu">Yunhai Lu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Battail, Christophe" sort="Battail, Christophe" uniqKey="Battail C" first="Christophe" last="Battail">Christophe Battail</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shen, Jinxiong" sort="Shen, Jinxiong" uniqKey="Shen J" first="Jinxiong" last="Shen">Jinxiong Shen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sidebottom, Christine H D" sort="Sidebottom, Christine H D" uniqKey="Sidebottom C" first="Christine H D" last="Sidebottom">Christine H D. Sidebottom</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0W9</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xinfa" sort="Wang, Xinfa" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xinfa" last="Wang">Xinfa Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Canaguier, Aurelie" sort="Canaguier, Aurelie" uniqKey="Canaguier A" first="Aurélie" last="Canaguier">Aurélie Canaguier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chauveau, Aurelie" sort="Chauveau, Aurelie" uniqKey="Chauveau A" first="Aurélie" last="Chauveau">Aurélie Chauveau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berard, Aurelie" sort="Berard, Aurelie" uniqKey="Berard A" first="Aurélie" last="Bérard">Aurélie Bérard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deniot, Gwenaelle" sort="Deniot, Gwenaelle" uniqKey="Deniot G" first="Gwenaëlle" last="Deniot">Gwenaëlle Deniot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Mei" sort="Guan, Mei" uniqKey="Guan M" first="Mei" last="Guan">Mei Guan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Changsha 410128</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Zhongsong" sort="Liu, Zhongsong" uniqKey="Liu Z" first="Zhongsong" last="Liu">Zhongsong Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Changsha 410128</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, Fengming" sort="Sun, Fengming" uniqKey="Sun F" first="Fengming" last="Sun">Fengming Sun</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lim, Yong Pyo" sort="Lim, Yong Pyo" uniqKey="Lim Y" first="Yong Pyo" last="Lim">Yong Pyo Lim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-305764, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-305764</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Daejeon-305764</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lyons, Eric" sort="Lyons, Eric" uniqKey="Lyons E" first="Eric" last="Lyons">Eric Lyons</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Town, Christopher D" sort="Town, Christopher D" uniqKey="Town C" first="Christopher D" last="Town">Christopher D. Town</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bancroft, Ian" sort="Bancroft, Ian" uniqKey="Bancroft I" first="Ian" last="Bancroft">Ian Bancroft</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xiaowu" sort="Wang, Xiaowu" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xiaowu" last="Wang">Xiaowu Wang</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Meng, Jinling" sort="Meng, Jinling" uniqKey="Meng J" first="Jinling" last="Meng">Jinling Meng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Ma, Jianxin" sort="Ma, Jianxin" uniqKey="Ma J" first="Jianxin" last="Ma">Jianxin Ma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pires, J Chris" sort="Pires, J Chris" uniqKey="Pires J" first="J Chris" last="Pires">J Chris Pires</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="King, Graham J" sort="King, Graham J" uniqKey="King G" first="Graham J" last="King">Graham J. King</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Brunel, Dominique" sort="Brunel, Dominique" uniqKey="Brunel D" first="Dominique" last="Brunel">Dominique Brunel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Delourme, Regine" sort="Delourme, Regine" uniqKey="Delourme R" first="Régine" last="Delourme">Régine Delourme</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Adams, Keith L" sort="Adams, Keith L" uniqKey="Adams K" first="Keith L" last="Adams">Keith L. Adams</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Batley, Jacqueline" sort="Batley, Jacqueline" uniqKey="Batley J" first="Jacqueline" last="Batley">Jacqueline Batley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>WA 6009</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Snowdon, Rod J" sort="Snowdon, Rod J" uniqKey="Snowdon R" first="Rod J" last="Snowdon">Rod J. Snowdon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Tost, Jorg" sort="Tost, Jorg" uniqKey="Tost J" first="Jorg" last="Tost">Jorg Tost</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noRegion>91000 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Edwards, David" sort="Edwards, David" uniqKey="Edwards D" first="David" last="Edwards">David Edwards</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>WA 6009</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Yongming" sort="Zhou, Yongming" uniqKey="Zhou Y" first="Yongming" last="Zhou">Yongming Zhou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Hua, Wei" sort="Hua, Wei" uniqKey="Hua W" first="Wei" last="Hua">Wei Hua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharpe, Andrew G" sort="Sharpe, Andrew G" uniqKey="Sharpe A" first="Andrew G" last="Sharpe">Andrew G. Sharpe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0W9</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paterson, Andrew H" sort="Paterson, Andrew H" uniqKey="Paterson A" first="Andrew H" last="Paterson">Andrew H. Paterson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602</wicri:regionArea>
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</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Chunyun" sort="Guan, Chunyun" uniqKey="Guan C" first="Chunyun" last="Guan">Chunyun Guan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Wincker, Patrick" sort="Wincker, Patrick" uniqKey="Wincker P" first="Patrick" last="Wincker">Patrick Wincker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Plant genetics. Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Chalhoub, Boulos" sort="Chalhoub, Boulos" uniqKey="Chalhoub B" first="Boulos" last="Chalhoub">Boulos Chalhoub</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Denoeud, France" sort="Denoeud, France" uniqKey="Denoeud F" first="France" last="Denoeud">France Denoeud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Évry (Essonne)</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Shengyi" sort="Liu, Shengyi" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Shengyi" last="Liu">Shengyi Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Parkin, Isobel A P" sort="Parkin, Isobel A P" uniqKey="Parkin I" first="Isobel A P" last="Parkin">Isobel A P. Parkin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0X2</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang, Haibao" sort="Tang, Haibao" uniqKey="Tang H" first="Haibao" last="Tang">Haibao Tang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry, University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry, University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Fujian Province</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xiyin" sort="Wang, Xiyin" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xiyin" last="Wang">Xiyin Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hebei 063000</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chiquet, Julien" sort="Chiquet, Julien" uniqKey="Chiquet J" first="Julien" last="Chiquet">Julien Chiquet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry-UMR 8071 CNRS/Université d'Evry val d'Essonne-USC INRA, Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry-UMR 8071 CNRS/Université d'Evry val d'Essonne-USC INRA, Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Évry (Essonne)</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Belcram, Harry" sort="Belcram, Harry" uniqKey="Belcram H" first="Harry" last="Belcram">Harry Belcram</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tong, Chaobo" sort="Tong, Chaobo" uniqKey="Tong C" first="Chaobo" last="Tong">Chaobo Tong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Samans, Birgit" sort="Samans, Birgit" uniqKey="Samans B" first="Birgit" last="Samans">Birgit Samans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Correa, Margot" sort="Correa, Margot" uniqKey="Correa M" first="Margot" last="Corréa">Margot Corréa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Da Silva, Corinne" sort="Da Silva, Corinne" uniqKey="Da Silva C" first="Corinne" last="Da Silva">Corinne Da Silva</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Just, Jeremy" sort="Just, Jeremy" uniqKey="Just J" first="Jérémy" last="Just">Jérémy Just</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Falentin, Cyril" sort="Falentin, Cyril" uniqKey="Falentin C" first="Cyril" last="Falentin">Cyril Falentin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koh, Chu Shin" sort="Koh, Chu Shin" uniqKey="Koh C" first="Chu Shin" last="Koh">Chu Shin Koh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0W9</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Le Clainche, Isabelle" sort="Le Clainche, Isabelle" uniqKey="Le Clainche I" first="Isabelle" last="Le Clainche">Isabelle Le Clainche</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bernard, Maria" sort="Bernard, Maria" uniqKey="Bernard M" first="Maria" last="Bernard">Maria Bernard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bento, Pascal" sort="Bento, Pascal" uniqKey="Bento P" first="Pascal" last="Bento">Pascal Bento</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noel, Benjamin" sort="Noel, Benjamin" uniqKey="Noel B" first="Benjamin" last="Noel">Benjamin Noel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Labadie, Karine" sort="Labadie, Karine" uniqKey="Labadie K" first="Karine" last="Labadie">Karine Labadie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alberti, Adriana" sort="Alberti, Adriana" uniqKey="Alberti A" first="Adriana" last="Alberti">Adriana Alberti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Charles, Mathieu" sort="Charles, Mathieu" uniqKey="Charles M" first="Mathieu" last="Charles">Mathieu Charles</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Arnaud, Dominique" sort="Arnaud, Dominique" uniqKey="Arnaud D" first="Dominique" last="Arnaud">Dominique Arnaud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guo, Hui" sort="Guo, Hui" uniqKey="Guo H" first="Hui" last="Guo">Hui Guo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Daviaud, Christian" sort="Daviaud, Christian" uniqKey="Daviaud C" first="Christian" last="Daviaud">Christian Daviaud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alamery, Salman" sort="Alamery, Salman" uniqKey="Alamery S" first="Salman" last="Alamery">Salman Alamery</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jabbari, Kamel" sort="Jabbari, Kamel" uniqKey="Jabbari K" first="Kamel" last="Jabbari">Kamel Jabbari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Köln, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Köln</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region>
<settlement type="city">Cologne</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Meixia" sort="Zhao, Meixia" uniqKey="Zhao M" first="Meixia" last="Zhao">Meixia Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Edger, Patrick P" sort="Edger, Patrick P" uniqKey="Edger P" first="Patrick P" last="Edger">Patrick P. Edger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chelaifa, Houda" sort="Chelaifa, Houda" uniqKey="Chelaifa H" first="Houda" last="Chelaifa">Houda Chelaifa</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tack, David" sort="Tack, David" uniqKey="Tack D" first="David" last="Tack">David Tack</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lassalle, Gilles" sort="Lassalle, Gilles" uniqKey="Lassalle G" first="Gilles" last="Lassalle">Gilles Lassalle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mestiri, Imen" sort="Mestiri, Imen" uniqKey="Mestiri I" first="Imen" last="Mestiri">Imen Mestiri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schnel, Nicolas" sort="Schnel, Nicolas" uniqKey="Schnel N" first="Nicolas" last="Schnel">Nicolas Schnel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Le Paslier, Marie Christine" sort="Le Paslier, Marie Christine" uniqKey="Le Paslier M" first="Marie-Christine" last="Le Paslier">Marie-Christine Le Paslier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Guangyi" sort="Fan, Guangyi" uniqKey="Fan G" first="Guangyi" last="Fan">Guangyi Fan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Renault, Victor" sort="Renault, Victor" uniqKey="Renault V" first="Victor" last="Renault">Victor Renault</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Étude du Polymorphisme Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Étude du Polymorphisme Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>75010 Paris</wicri:noRegion>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bayer, Philippe E" sort="Bayer, Philippe E" uniqKey="Bayer P" first="Philippe E" last="Bayer">Philippe E. Bayer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Golicz, Agnieszka A" sort="Golicz, Agnieszka A" uniqKey="Golicz A" first="Agnieszka A" last="Golicz">Agnieszka A. Golicz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Manoli, Sahana" sort="Manoli, Sahana" uniqKey="Manoli S" first="Sahana" last="Manoli">Sahana Manoli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, Tae Ho" sort="Lee, Tae Ho" uniqKey="Lee T" first="Tae-Ho" last="Lee">Tae-Ho Lee</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thi, Vinh Ha Dinh" sort="Thi, Vinh Ha Dinh" uniqKey="Thi V" first="Vinh Ha Dinh" last="Thi">Vinh Ha Dinh Thi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chalabi, Smahane" sort="Chalabi, Smahane" uniqKey="Chalabi S" first="Smahane" last="Chalabi">Smahane Chalabi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Evry</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hu, Qiong" sort="Hu, Qiong" uniqKey="Hu Q" first="Qiong" last="Hu">Qiong Hu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Chuchuan" sort="Fan, Chuchuan" uniqKey="Fan C" first="Chuchuan" last="Fan">Chuchuan Fan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tollenaere, Reece" sort="Tollenaere, Reece" uniqKey="Tollenaere R" first="Reece" last="Tollenaere">Reece Tollenaere</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>QLD 4072</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lu, Yunhai" sort="Lu, Yunhai" uniqKey="Lu Y" first="Yunhai" last="Lu">Yunhai Lu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Battail, Christophe" sort="Battail, Christophe" uniqKey="Battail C" first="Christophe" last="Battail">Christophe Battail</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shen, Jinxiong" sort="Shen, Jinxiong" uniqKey="Shen J" first="Jinxiong" last="Shen">Jinxiong Shen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sidebottom, Christine H D" sort="Sidebottom, Christine H D" uniqKey="Sidebottom C" first="Christine H D" last="Sidebottom">Christine H D. Sidebottom</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0W9</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xinfa" sort="Wang, Xinfa" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xinfa" last="Wang">Xinfa Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Canaguier, Aurelie" sort="Canaguier, Aurelie" uniqKey="Canaguier A" first="Aurélie" last="Canaguier">Aurélie Canaguier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chauveau, Aurelie" sort="Chauveau, Aurelie" uniqKey="Chauveau A" first="Aurélie" last="Chauveau">Aurélie Chauveau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berard, Aurelie" sort="Berard, Aurelie" uniqKey="Berard A" first="Aurélie" last="Bérard">Aurélie Bérard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deniot, Gwenaelle" sort="Deniot, Gwenaelle" uniqKey="Deniot G" first="Gwenaëlle" last="Deniot">Gwenaëlle Deniot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Mei" sort="Guan, Mei" uniqKey="Guan M" first="Mei" last="Guan">Mei Guan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Changsha 410128</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Zhongsong" sort="Liu, Zhongsong" uniqKey="Liu Z" first="Zhongsong" last="Liu">Zhongsong Liu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Changsha 410128</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sun, Fengming" sort="Sun, Fengming" uniqKey="Sun F" first="Fengming" last="Sun">Fengming Sun</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Shenzhen</settlement>
<region type="province">Guangdong</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lim, Yong Pyo" sort="Lim, Yong Pyo" uniqKey="Lim Y" first="Yong Pyo" last="Lim">Yong Pyo Lim</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-305764, South Korea.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-305764</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Daejeon-305764</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lyons, Eric" sort="Lyons, Eric" uniqKey="Lyons E" first="Eric" last="Lyons">Eric Lyons</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Arizona</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Town, Christopher D" sort="Town, Christopher D" uniqKey="Town C" first="Christopher D" last="Town">Christopher D. Town</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bancroft, Ian" sort="Bancroft, Ian" uniqKey="Bancroft I" first="Ian" last="Bancroft">Ian Bancroft</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>York YO10 5DD</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Xiaowu" sort="Wang, Xiaowu" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xiaowu" last="Wang">Xiaowu Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meng, Jinling" sort="Meng, Jinling" uniqKey="Meng J" first="Jinling" last="Meng">Jinling Meng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Jianxin" sort="Ma, Jianxin" uniqKey="Ma J" first="Jianxin" last="Ma">Jianxin Ma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pires, J Chris" sort="Pires, J Chris" uniqKey="Pires J" first="J Chris" last="Pires">J Chris Pires</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="King, Graham J" sort="King, Graham J" uniqKey="King G" first="Graham J" last="King">Graham J. King</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>NSW 2480</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brunel, Dominique" sort="Brunel, Dominique" uniqKey="Brunel D" first="Dominique" last="Brunel">Dominique Brunel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux, US1279, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Delourme, Regine" sort="Delourme, Regine" uniqKey="Delourme R" first="Régine" last="Delourme">Régine Delourme</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Renard, Michel" sort="Renard, Michel" uniqKey="Renard M" first="Michel" last="Renard">Michel Renard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>INRA, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35653 Le Rheu Cedex</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Aury, Jean Marc" sort="Aury, Jean Marc" uniqKey="Aury J" first="Jean-Marc" last="Aury">Jean-Marc Aury</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91057 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Adams, Keith L" sort="Adams, Keith L" uniqKey="Adams K" first="Keith L" last="Adams">Keith L. Adams</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Batley, Jacqueline" sort="Batley, Jacqueline" uniqKey="Batley J" first="Jacqueline" last="Batley">Jacqueline Batley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>WA 6009</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Snowdon, Rod J" sort="Snowdon, Rod J" uniqKey="Snowdon R" first="Rod J" last="Snowdon">Rod J. Snowdon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>35392 Giessen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tost, Jorg" sort="Tost, Jorg" uniqKey="Tost J" first="Jorg" last="Tost">Jorg Tost</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>91000 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>91000 Evry</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Edwards, David" sort="Edwards, David" uniqKey="Edwards D" first="David" last="Edwards">David Edwards</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>WA 6009</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhou, Yongming" sort="Zhou, Yongming" uniqKey="Zhou Y" first="Yongming" last="Zhou">Yongming Zhou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430070</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hua, Wei" sort="Hua, Wei" uniqKey="Hua W" first="Wei" last="Hua">Wei Hua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Wuhan 430062</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sharpe, Andrew G" sort="Sharpe, Andrew G" uniqKey="Sharpe A" first="Andrew G" last="Sharpe">Andrew G. Sharpe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>SK S7N 0W9</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paterson, Andrew H" sort="Paterson, Andrew H" uniqKey="Paterson A" first="Andrew H" last="Paterson">Andrew H. Paterson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Chunyun" sort="Guan, Chunyun" uniqKey="Guan C" first="Chunyun" last="Guan">Chunyun Guan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Changsha 410128</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wincker, Patrick" sort="Wincker, Patrick" uniqKey="Wincker P" first="Patrick" last="Wincker">Patrick Wincker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Université d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Évry (Essonne)</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Science (New York, N.Y.)</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1095-9203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Brassica napus (cytology)</term>
<term>Brassica napus (genetics)</term>
<term>Chromosome Duplication</term>
<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Genome, Plant</term>
<term>Polyploidy</term>
<term>Seeds (genetics)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Brassica napus (cytologie)</term>
<term>Brassica napus (génétique)</term>
<term>Duplication chromosomique</term>
<term>Graines (génétique)</term>
<term>Génome végétal</term>
<term>Polyploïdie</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="cytologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Brassica napus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="cytology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brassica napus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Brassica napus</term>
<term>Seeds</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Brassica napus</term>
<term>Graines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Chromosome Duplication</term>
<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Genome, Plant</term>
<term>Polyploidy</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Duplication chromosomique</term>
<term>Génome végétal</term>
<term>Polyploïdie</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed ~7500 years ago by hybridization between B. rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as allopolyploidy. Together with more ancient polyploidizations, this conferred an aggregate 72× genome multiplication since the origin of angiosperms and high gene content. We examined the B. napus genome and the consequences of its recent duplication. The constituent An and Cn subgenomes are engaged in subtle structural, functional, and epigenetic cross-talk, with abundant homeologous exchanges. Incipient gene loss and expression divergence have begun. Selection in B. napus oilseed types has accelerated the loss of glucosinolate genes, while preserving expansion of oil biosynthesis genes. These processes provide insights into allopolyploid evolution and its relationship with crop domestication and improvement.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</record>
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