A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies new childhood obesity loci
Identifieur interne : 000D71 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000D70; suivant : 000D72A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies new childhood obesity loci
Auteurs : Jonathan P. Bradfield [États-Unis] ; H. Rob Taal [Pays-Bas] ; Nicholas J. Timpson [Royaume-Uni] ; André Scherag [Allemagne] ; Cecile Lecoeur [France] ; Nicole M. Warrington [Australie] ; Elina Hypponen [Royaume-Uni] ; Claus Holst [Danemark] ; Beatriz Valcarcel [Royaume-Uni] ; Elisabeth Thiering [Allemagne] ; Rany M. Salem [États-Unis] ; Fredrick R. Schumacher [États-Unis] ; Diana L. Cousminer [Finlande] ; Patrick M. A. Sleiman [États-Unis] ; Jianhua Zhao [États-Unis] ; Robert I. Berkowitz [États-Unis] ; Karani S. Vimaleswaran [Royaume-Uni] ; Ivonne Jarick [Allemagne] ; Craig E. Pennell [Australie] ; David M. Evans [Royaume-Uni] ; Beate St. Pourcain [Royaume-Uni] ; Diane J. Berry [Royaume-Uni] ; Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori [Pays-Bas, Qatar] ; Albert Hofman [Pays-Bas] ; Fernando Rivadeinera [Pays-Bas] ; André G. Uitterlinden [Pays-Bas] ; Cornelia M. Van Duijn [Pays-Bas] ; Ralf J. P. Van Der Valk [Pays-Bas] ; Johan C. De Jongste [Pays-Bas] ; Dirkje S. Postma [Pays-Bas] ; Dorret I. Boomsma [Pays-Bas] ; William J. Gauderman [États-Unis] ; Mohamed T. Hassanein [États-Unis] ; Cecilia M. Lindgren [Royaume-Uni] ; Reedik M Gi [Royaume-Uni, Estonie] ; Colin A. G. Boreham [Irlande (pays)] ; Charlotte E. Neville [Royaume-Uni] ; Luis A. Moreno [Espagne] ; Paul Elliott [Royaume-Uni] ; Anneli Pouta [Finlande] ; Anna-Liisa Hartikainen [Finlande] ; Mingyao Li [États-Unis] ; Olli Raitakari [Finlande] ; Terho Lehtim Ki [Finlande] ; Johan G. Eriksson [Finlande] ; Aarno Palotie [États-Unis, Finlande, Royaume-Uni] ; Jean Dallongeville [France] ; Shikta Das [Royaume-Uni] ; Panos Deloukas [Royaume-Uni] ; George Mcmahon [Royaume-Uni] ; Susan M. Ring [Royaume-Uni] ; John P. Kemp [Royaume-Uni] ; Jessica L. Buxton [Royaume-Uni] ; Alexandra I. F. Blakemore [Royaume-Uni] ; Mariona Bustamante [Espagne] ; M Nica Guxens [Espagne] ; Joel N. Hirschhorn [États-Unis] ; Matthew W. Gillman [États-Unis] ; Eskil Kreiner-M Ller [Danemark] ; Hans Bisgaard [Danemark] ; Frank D. Gilliland [États-Unis] ; Joachim Heinrich [Allemagne] ; Eleanor Wheeler [Royaume-Uni] ; Inês Barroso [Royaume-Uni] ; Stephen O'Rahilly [Royaume-Uni] ; Aline Meirhaeghe [France] ; Thorkild I. A. S Rensen [Danemark] ; Chris Power [Royaume-Uni] ; Lyle J. Palmer [Canada] ; Anke Hinney [Allemagne] ; Elisabeth Widen [Finlande] ; I. Sadaf Farooqi [Royaume-Uni] ; Mark I. Mccarthy [Royaume-Uni] ; Philippe Froguel [France, Royaume-Uni] ; David Meyre [France, Canada] ; Johannes Hebebrand [Allemagne] ; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin [Royaume-Uni, Finlande] ; Vincent W. V. Jaddoe [Pays-Bas] ; George Davey Smith [Royaume-Uni] ; Hakon Hakonarson [États-Unis] ; Struan F. A. Grant [États-Unis]Source :
- Nature genetics [ 1061-4036 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Multiple genetic variants have been associated with adult obesity and a few with severe obesity in childhood; however, less progress has been made to establish genetic influences on common early-onset obesity. We performed a North American-Australian-European collaborative meta-analysis of fourteen studies consisting of 5,530 cases (≥95th percentile of body mass index (BMI)) and 8,318 controls (<50th percentile of BMI) of European ancestry. Taking forward the eight novel signals yielding association with
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/ng.2247
PubMed: 22484627
PubMed Central: 3370100
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<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Jianhua" sort="Zhao, Jianhua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jianhua" last="Zhao">Jianhua Zhao</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A24">Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
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<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rivadeinera, Fernando" sort="Rivadeinera, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeinera F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeinera">Fernando Rivadeinera</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G." last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M." last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Der Valk, Ralf J P" sort="Van Der Valk, Ralf J P" uniqKey="Van Der Valk R" first="Ralf J. P." last="Van Der Valk">Ralf J. P. Van Der Valk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A29">Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Jongste, Johan C" sort="De Jongste, Johan C" uniqKey="De Jongste J" first="Johan C." last="De Jongste">Johan C. De Jongste</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A29">Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postma, Dirkje S" sort="Postma, Dirkje S" uniqKey="Postma D" first="Dirkje S." last="Postma">Dirkje S. Postma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I." last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gauderman, William J" sort="Gauderman, William J" uniqKey="Gauderman W" first="William J." last="Gauderman">William J. Gauderman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hassanein, Mohamed T" sort="Hassanein, Mohamed T" uniqKey="Hassanein M" first="Mohamed T." last="Hassanein">Mohamed T. Hassanein</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M." last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A32">Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="M Gi, Reedik" sort="M Gi, Reedik" uniqKey="M Gi R" first="Reedik" last="M Gi">Reedik M Gi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A32">Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A33">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tartu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boreham, Colin A G" sort="Boreham, Colin A G" uniqKey="Boreham C" first="Colin A. G." last="Boreham">Colin A. G. Boreham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A34">Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University College Dublin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Neville, Charlotte E" sort="Neville, Charlotte E" uniqKey="Neville C" first="Charlotte E." last="Neville">Charlotte E. Neville</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A35">Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Belfast</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moreno, Luis A" sort="Moreno, Luis A" uniqKey="Moreno L" first="Luis A." last="Moreno">Luis A. Moreno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A36">Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Saragosse</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Saragosse</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Aragon (communauté autonome)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A37">School of Health Sciences (EUCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Health Sciences (EUCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Saragosse</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Saragosse</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Aragon (communauté autonome)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pouta, Anneli" sort="Pouta, Anneli" uniqKey="Pouta A" first="Anneli" last="Pouta">Anneli Pouta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" sort="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" uniqKey="Hartikainen A" first="Anna-Liisa" last="Hartikainen">Anna-Liisa Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A39">Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Mingyao" sort="Li, Mingyao" uniqKey="Li M" first="Mingyao" last="Li">Mingyao Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A40">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raitakari, Olli" sort="Raitakari, Olli" uniqKey="Raitakari O" first="Olli" last="Raitakari">Olli Raitakari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Turku</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Finlande occidentale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehtim Ki, Terho" sort="Lehtim Ki, Terho" uniqKey="Lehtim Ki T" first="Terho" last="Lehtim Ki">Terho Lehtim Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tampere</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan G" sort="Eriksson, Johan G" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan G." last="Eriksson">Johan G. Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A43">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A45">Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A46">Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A20">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dallongeville, Jean" sort="Dallongeville, Jean" uniqKey="Dallongeville J" first="Jean" last="Dallongeville">Jean Dallongeville</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A49">Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Das, Shikta" sort="Das, Shikta" uniqKey="Das S" first="Shikta" last="Das">Shikta Das</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcmahon, George" sort="Mcmahon, George" uniqKey="Mcmahon G" first="George" last="Mcmahon">George Mcmahon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A50">School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ring, Susan M" sort="Ring, Susan M" uniqKey="Ring S" first="Susan M." last="Ring">Susan M. Ring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A50">School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemp, John P" sort="Kemp, John P" uniqKey="Kemp J" first="John P." last="Kemp">John P. Kemp</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buxton, Jessica L" sort="Buxton, Jessica L" uniqKey="Buxton J" first="Jessica L." last="Buxton">Jessica L. Buxton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A51">Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Blakemore, Alexandra I F" sort="Blakemore, Alexandra I F" uniqKey="Blakemore A" first="Alexandra I. F." last="Blakemore">Alexandra I. F. Blakemore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A51">Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bustamante, Mariona" sort="Bustamante, Mariona" uniqKey="Bustamante M" first="Mariona" last="Bustamante">Mariona Bustamante</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A52">Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A53">Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A55">Genes and Disease Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genes and Disease Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guxens, M Nica" sort="Guxens, M Nica" uniqKey="Guxens M" first="M Nica" last="Guxens">M Nica Guxens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A52">Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A53">Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N." last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A16">Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A17">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gillman, Matthew W" sort="Gillman, Matthew W" uniqKey="Gillman M" first="Matthew W." last="Gillman">Matthew W. Gillman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kreiner M Ller, Eskil" sort="Kreiner M Ller, Eskil" uniqKey="Kreiner M Ller E" first="Eskil" last="Kreiner-M Ller">Eskil Kreiner-M Ller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A57">Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bisgaard, Hans" sort="Bisgaard, Hans" uniqKey="Bisgaard H" first="Hans" last="Bisgaard">Hans Bisgaard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A57">Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gilliland, Frank D" sort="Gilliland, Frank D" uniqKey="Gilliland F" first="Frank D." last="Gilliland">Frank D. Gilliland</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heinrich, Joachim" sort="Heinrich, Joachim" uniqKey="Heinrich J" first="Joachim" last="Heinrich">Joachim Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wheeler, Eleanor" sort="Wheeler, Eleanor" uniqKey="Wheeler E" first="Eleanor" last="Wheeler">Eleanor Wheeler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barroso, Ines" sort="Barroso, Ines" uniqKey="Barroso I" first="Inês" last="Barroso">Inês Barroso</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Rahilly, Stephen" sort="O Rahilly, Stephen" uniqKey="O Rahilly S" first="Stephen" last="O'Rahilly">Stephen O'Rahilly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meirhaeghe, Aline" sort="Meirhaeghe, Aline" uniqKey="Meirhaeghe A" first="Aline" last="Meirhaeghe">Aline Meirhaeghe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A49">Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="S Rensen, Thorkild I A" sort="S Rensen, Thorkild I A" uniqKey="S Rensen T" first="Thorkild I. A." last="S Rensen">Thorkild I. A. S Rensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A10">Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A60">Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Power, Chris" sort="Power, Chris" uniqKey="Power C" first="Chris" last="Power">Chris Power</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palmer, Lyle J" sort="Palmer, Lyle J" uniqKey="Palmer L" first="Lyle J." last="Palmer">Lyle J. Palmer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A61">Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A62">Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hinney, Anke" sort="Hinney, Anke" uniqKey="Hinney A" first="Anke" last="Hinney">Anke Hinney</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Widen, Elisabeth" sort="Widen, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Widen E" first="Elisabeth" last="Widen">Elisabeth Widen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A20">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Farooqi, I Sadaf" sort="Farooqi, I Sadaf" uniqKey="Farooqi I" first="I. Sadaf" last="Farooqi">I. Sadaf Farooqi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I." last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A65">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Froguel, Philippe" sort="Froguel, Philippe" uniqKey="Froguel P" first="Philippe" last="Froguel">Philippe Froguel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meyre, David" sort="Meyre, David" uniqKey="Meyre D" first="David" last="Meyre">David Meyre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hebebrand, Johannes" sort="Hebebrand, Johannes" uniqKey="Hebebrand J" first="Johannes" last="Hebebrand">Johannes Hebebrand</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="Jarvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="Jarvelin">Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A69">Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A70">Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" sort="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" uniqKey="Jaddoe V" first="Vincent W. V." last="Jaddoe">Vincent W. V. Jaddoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, George Davey" sort="Smith, George Davey" uniqKey="Smith G" first="George Davey" last="Smith">George Davey Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A71">Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grant, Struan F A" sort="Grant, Struan F A" uniqKey="Grant S" first="Struan F. A." last="Grant">Struan F. A. Grant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A71">Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<idno type="doi">10.1038/ng.2247</idno>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies new childhood obesity loci</title>
<author><name sortKey="Bradfield, Jonathan P" sort="Bradfield, Jonathan P" uniqKey="Bradfield J" first="Jonathan P." last="Bradfield">Jonathan P. Bradfield</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Taal, H Rob" sort="Taal, H Rob" uniqKey="Taal H" first="H. Rob" last="Taal">H. Rob Taal</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Timpson, Nicholas J" sort="Timpson, Nicholas J" uniqKey="Timpson N" first="Nicholas J." last="Timpson">Nicholas J. Timpson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Scherag, Andre" sort="Scherag, Andre" uniqKey="Scherag A" first="André" last="Scherag">André Scherag</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A6">Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lecoeur, Cecile" sort="Lecoeur, Cecile" uniqKey="Lecoeur C" first="Cecile" last="Lecoeur">Cecile Lecoeur</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Warrington, Nicole M" sort="Warrington, Nicole M" uniqKey="Warrington N" first="Nicole M." last="Warrington">Nicole M. Warrington</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A8">School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Western Australia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hypponen, Elina" sort="Hypponen, Elina" uniqKey="Hypponen E" first="Elina" last="Hypponen">Elina Hypponen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holst, Claus" sort="Holst, Claus" uniqKey="Holst C" first="Claus" last="Holst">Claus Holst</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A10">Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Valcarcel, Beatriz" sort="Valcarcel, Beatriz" uniqKey="Valcarcel B" first="Beatriz" last="Valcarcel">Beatriz Valcarcel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thiering, Elisabeth" sort="Thiering, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Thiering E" first="Elisabeth" last="Thiering">Elisabeth Thiering</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Salem, Rany M" sort="Salem, Rany M" uniqKey="Salem R" first="Rany M." last="Salem">Rany M. Salem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A16">Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A17">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schumacher, Fredrick R" sort="Schumacher, Fredrick R" uniqKey="Schumacher F" first="Fredrick R." last="Schumacher">Fredrick R. Schumacher</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cousminer, Diana L" sort="Cousminer, Diana L" uniqKey="Cousminer D" first="Diana L." last="Cousminer">Diana L. Cousminer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A20">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sleiman, Patrick M A" sort="Sleiman, Patrick M A" uniqKey="Sleiman P" first="Patrick M. A." last="Sleiman">Patrick M. A. Sleiman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Jianhua" sort="Zhao, Jianhua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jianhua" last="Zhao">Jianhua Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berkowitz, Robert I" sort="Berkowitz, Robert I" uniqKey="Berkowitz R" first="Robert I." last="Berkowitz">Robert I. Berkowitz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A23">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A24">Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vimaleswaran, Karani S" sort="Vimaleswaran, Karani S" uniqKey="Vimaleswaran K" first="Karani S." last="Vimaleswaran">Karani S. Vimaleswaran</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jarick, Ivonne" sort="Jarick, Ivonne" uniqKey="Jarick I" first="Ivonne" last="Jarick">Ivonne Jarick</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A25">Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region>
<settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pennell, Craig E" sort="Pennell, Craig E" uniqKey="Pennell C" first="Craig E." last="Pennell">Craig E. Pennell</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A8">School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Western Australia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Evans, David M" sort="Evans, David M" uniqKey="Evans D" first="David M." last="Evans">David M. Evans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="St Pourcain, Beate" sort="St Pourcain, Beate" uniqKey="St Pourcain B" first="Beate" last="St. Pourcain">Beate St. Pourcain</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berry, Diane J" sort="Berry, Diane J" uniqKey="Berry D" first="Diane J." last="Berry">Diane J. Berry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" sort="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" uniqKey="Mook Kanamori D" first="Dennis O" last="Mook-Kanamori">Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A26">Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, Qatar</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Qatar</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Doha</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rivadeinera, Fernando" sort="Rivadeinera, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeinera F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeinera">Fernando Rivadeinera</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="André G." last="Uitterlinden">André G. Uitterlinden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M." last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Der Valk, Ralf J P" sort="Van Der Valk, Ralf J P" uniqKey="Van Der Valk R" first="Ralf J. P." last="Van Der Valk">Ralf J. P. Van Der Valk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A28">Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC) Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A29">Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Jongste, Johan C" sort="De Jongste, Johan C" uniqKey="De Jongste J" first="Johan C." last="De Jongste">Johan C. De Jongste</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A29">Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Postma, Dirkje S" sort="Postma, Dirkje S" uniqKey="Postma D" first="Dirkje S." last="Postma">Dirkje S. Postma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A30">Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I." last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A31">Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gauderman, William J" sort="Gauderman, William J" uniqKey="Gauderman W" first="William J." last="Gauderman">William J. Gauderman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hassanein, Mohamed T" sort="Hassanein, Mohamed T" uniqKey="Hassanein M" first="Mohamed T." last="Hassanein">Mohamed T. Hassanein</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M." last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A32">Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="M Gi, Reedik" sort="M Gi, Reedik" uniqKey="M Gi R" first="Reedik" last="M Gi">Reedik M Gi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A32">Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A33">Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tartu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boreham, Colin A G" sort="Boreham, Colin A G" uniqKey="Boreham C" first="Colin A. G." last="Boreham">Colin A. G. Boreham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A34">Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University College Dublin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Neville, Charlotte E" sort="Neville, Charlotte E" uniqKey="Neville C" first="Charlotte E." last="Neville">Charlotte E. Neville</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A35">Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Belfast</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moreno, Luis A" sort="Moreno, Luis A" uniqKey="Moreno L" first="Luis A." last="Moreno">Luis A. Moreno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A36">Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Saragosse</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Saragosse</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Aragon (communauté autonome)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A37">School of Health Sciences (EUCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Health Sciences (EUCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université de Saragosse</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Saragosse</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Aragon (communauté autonome)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pouta, Anneli" sort="Pouta, Anneli" uniqKey="Pouta A" first="Anneli" last="Pouta">Anneli Pouta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" sort="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" uniqKey="Hartikainen A" first="Anna-Liisa" last="Hartikainen">Anna-Liisa Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A39">Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Mingyao" sort="Li, Mingyao" uniqKey="Li M" first="Mingyao" last="Li">Mingyao Li</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A40">Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Raitakari, Olli" sort="Raitakari, Olli" uniqKey="Raitakari O" first="Olli" last="Raitakari">Olli Raitakari</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A41">Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Turku</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Finlande occidentale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lehtim Ki, Terho" sort="Lehtim Ki, Terho" uniqKey="Lehtim Ki T" first="Terho" last="Lehtim Ki">Terho Lehtim Ki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A42">Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tampere</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan G" sort="Eriksson, Johan G" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan G." last="Eriksson">Johan G. Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A43">National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A44">Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A45">Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A46">Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palotie, Aarno" sort="Palotie, Aarno" uniqKey="Palotie A" first="Aarno" last="Palotie">Aarno Palotie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A20">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A48">Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dallongeville, Jean" sort="Dallongeville, Jean" uniqKey="Dallongeville J" first="Jean" last="Dallongeville">Jean Dallongeville</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A49">Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Das, Shikta" sort="Das, Shikta" uniqKey="Das S" first="Shikta" last="Das">Shikta Das</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcmahon, George" sort="Mcmahon, George" uniqKey="Mcmahon G" first="George" last="Mcmahon">George Mcmahon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A50">School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ring, Susan M" sort="Ring, Susan M" uniqKey="Ring S" first="Susan M." last="Ring">Susan M. Ring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A50">School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kemp, John P" sort="Kemp, John P" uniqKey="Kemp J" first="John P." last="Kemp">John P. Kemp</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buxton, Jessica L" sort="Buxton, Jessica L" uniqKey="Buxton J" first="Jessica L." last="Buxton">Jessica L. Buxton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A51">Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Blakemore, Alexandra I F" sort="Blakemore, Alexandra I F" uniqKey="Blakemore A" first="Alexandra I. F." last="Blakemore">Alexandra I. F. Blakemore</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A51">Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Section of Integrative Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bustamante, Mariona" sort="Bustamante, Mariona" uniqKey="Bustamante M" first="Mariona" last="Bustamante">Mariona Bustamante</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A52">Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A53">Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A55">Genes and Disease Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Genes and Disease Program, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guxens, M Nica" sort="Guxens, M Nica" uniqKey="Guxens M" first="M Nica" last="Guxens">M Nica Guxens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A52">Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A53">Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A54">Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N." last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A13">Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Genetics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A14">Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A15">Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Genomics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A16">Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Metabolism Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A17">Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A18">Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gillman, Matthew W" sort="Gillman, Matthew W" uniqKey="Gillman M" first="Matthew W." last="Gillman">Matthew W. Gillman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A56">Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kreiner M Ller, Eskil" sort="Kreiner M Ller, Eskil" uniqKey="Kreiner M Ller E" first="Eskil" last="Kreiner-M Ller">Eskil Kreiner-M Ller</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A57">Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bisgaard, Hans" sort="Bisgaard, Hans" uniqKey="Bisgaard H" first="Hans" last="Bisgaard">Hans Bisgaard</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A57">Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Gentofte</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gilliland, Frank D" sort="Gilliland, Frank D" uniqKey="Gilliland F" first="Frank D." last="Gilliland">Frank D. Gilliland</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A19">Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
<settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heinrich, Joachim" sort="Heinrich, Joachim" uniqKey="Heinrich J" first="Joachim" last="Heinrich">Joachim Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wheeler, Eleanor" sort="Wheeler, Eleanor" uniqKey="Wheeler E" first="Eleanor" last="Wheeler">Eleanor Wheeler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Barroso, Ines" sort="Barroso, Ines" uniqKey="Barroso I" first="Inês" last="Barroso">Inês Barroso</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A47">Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="O Rahilly, Stephen" sort="O Rahilly, Stephen" uniqKey="O Rahilly S" first="Stephen" last="O'Rahilly">Stephen O'Rahilly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meirhaeghe, Aline" sort="Meirhaeghe, Aline" uniqKey="Meirhaeghe A" first="Aline" last="Meirhaeghe">Aline Meirhaeghe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A49">Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="S Rensen, Thorkild I A" sort="S Rensen, Thorkild I A" uniqKey="S Rensen T" first="Thorkild I. A." last="S Rensen">Thorkild I. A. S Rensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A10">Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A60">Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Power, Chris" sort="Power, Chris" uniqKey="Power C" first="Chris" last="Power">Chris Power</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Palmer, Lyle J" sort="Palmer, Lyle J" uniqKey="Palmer L" first="Lyle J." last="Palmer">Lyle J. Palmer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A61">Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A62">Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hinney, Anke" sort="Hinney, Anke" uniqKey="Hinney A" first="Anke" last="Hinney">Anke Hinney</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Widen, Elisabeth" sort="Widen, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Widen E" first="Elisabeth" last="Widen">Elisabeth Widen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A20">Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Farooqi, I Sadaf" sort="Farooqi, I Sadaf" uniqKey="Farooqi I" first="I. Sadaf" last="Farooqi">I. Sadaf Farooqi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A58">University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A59">National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I." last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A64">Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A65">Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A66">Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Froguel, Philippe" sort="Froguel, Philippe" uniqKey="Froguel P" first="Philippe" last="Froguel">Philippe Froguel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A67">Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Meyre, David" sort="Meyre, David" uniqKey="Meyre D" first="David" last="Meyre">David Meyre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8199, Université Lille Nord de France, Pasteur Institute, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A68">Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hebebrand, Johannes" sort="Hebebrand, Johannes" uniqKey="Hebebrand J" first="Johannes" last="Hebebrand">Johannes Hebebrand</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A63">Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Essen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="Jarvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="Jarvelin">Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A38">Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Lifecourse and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A69">Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A70">Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" sort="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" uniqKey="Jaddoe V" first="Vincent W. V." last="Jaddoe">Vincent W. V. Jaddoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, George Davey" sort="Smith, George Davey" uniqKey="Smith G" first="George Davey" last="Smith">George Davey Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A71">Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grant, Struan F A" sort="Grant, Struan F A" uniqKey="Grant S" first="Struan F. A." last="Grant">Struan F. A. Grant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A22">Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A71">Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Nature genetics</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1061-4036</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1546-1718</idno>
<imprint><date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P2">Multiple genetic variants have been associated with adult obesity and a few with severe obesity in childhood; however, less progress has been made to establish genetic influences on common early-onset obesity. We performed a North American-Australian-European collaborative meta-analysis of fourteen studies consisting of 5,530 cases (≥95<sup>th</sup>
percentile of body mass index (BMI)) and 8,318 controls (<50<sup>th</sup>
percentile of BMI) of European ancestry. Taking forward the eight novel signals yielding association with <italic>P</italic>
< 5×10<sup>−6</sup>
in to nine independent datasets (n = 2,818 cases and 4,083 controls) we observed two loci that yielded a genome wide significant combined <italic>P</italic>
-value, namely near <italic>OLFM4</italic>
on 13q14 (rs9568856; <italic>P</italic>
=1.82×10<sup>−9</sup>
; OR=1.22) and within <italic>HOXB5</italic>
on 17q21 (rs9299; <italic>P</italic>
=3.54×10<sup>−9</sup>
; OR=1.14). Both loci continued to show association when including two extreme childhood obesity cohorts (n = 2,214 cases and 2,674 controls). Finally, these two loci yielded directionally consistent associations in the GIANT meta-analysis of adult BMI<sup><xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>
</sup>
.</p>
</div>
</front>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frayling, Tm" uniqKey="Frayling T">TM Frayling</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Flegal, Km" uniqKey="Flegal K">KM Flegal</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wei, R" uniqKey="Wei R">R Wei</name>
</author>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Daniels, Sr" uniqKey="Daniels S">SR Daniels</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J Zhao</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Den Hoed, M" uniqKey="Den Hoed M">M den Hoed</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Scherag, A" uniqKey="Scherag A">A Scherag</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, W" uniqKey="Liu W">W Liu</name>
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</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arslan, E" uniqKey="Arslan E">E Arslan</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Atilgan, H" uniqKey="Atilgan H">H Atilgan</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Yavasoglu, I" uniqKey="Yavasoglu I">I Yavasoglu</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abdullahi, M" uniqKey="Abdullahi M">M Abdullahi</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Keren, D" uniqKey="Keren D">D Keren</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fu, M" uniqKey="Fu M">M Fu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lui, Vc" uniqKey="Lui V">VC Lui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sham, Mh" uniqKey="Sham M">MH Sham</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheung, An" uniqKey="Cheung A">AN Cheung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tam, Pk" uniqKey="Tam P">PK Tam</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dankel, Sn" uniqKey="Dankel S">SN Dankel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
</record>
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