X-ray and radio variability in the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 7213
Identifieur interne : 006925 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 006924; suivant : 006926X-ray and radio variability in the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 7213
Auteurs : M. E. Bell [Royaume-Uni] ; T. Tzioumis [Australie] ; P. Uttley [Royaume-Uni] ; R. P. Fender [Royaume-Uni] ; P. Arevalo [Allemagne, Chili] ; E. Breedt [Royaume-Uni] ; I. Mchardy [Royaume-Uni] ; D. E. Calvelo [Royaume-Uni] ; O. Jamil [Royaume-Uni] ; E. Körding [France]Source :
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society [ 0035-8711 ] ; 2011.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Cosmologie.
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Abstract
We present the results of a ˜3 yr campaign to monitor the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN) NGC 7213 in the radio (4.8 and 8.4 GHz) and X-ray bands (2-10 keV). With a reported X-ray Eddington ratio of 7 x 10-4LEdd, NGC 7213 can be considered to be comparable to a hard-state black hole X-ray binary. We show that a weak correlation exists between the X-ray and radio light curves. We use the cross-correlation function to calculate a global time-lag between events in the X-ray and radio bands to be 24 ± 12 d lag (8.4 GHz radio lagging X-ray) and 40 ± 13 d lag (4.8 GHz radio lagging X-ray), respectively. The radio-radio light curves are extremely well correlated with a lag of 20.5 ± 12.9 d (4.8 GHz lagging 8.4 GHz). We explore the previously established scaling relationship between core radio and X-ray luminosities and black hole mass LR W0.6-0.8L0.6X, known as the 'Fundamental Plane of black hole activity', and show that NGC 7213 lies very close to the best-fitting 'global' correlation for the plane as one of the most-luminous LLAGNs. With a large number of quasi-simultaneous radio and X-ray observations, we explore for the first time the variations of a single AGN with respect to the Fundamental Plane. Although the average radio and X-ray luminosities for NGC 7213 are in good agreement with the Plane, we show that there is intrinsic scatter with respect to the Plane for the individual data points.
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E." last="Bell">M. E. Bell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tzioumis, T" sort="Tzioumis, T" uniqKey="Tzioumis T" first="T." last="Tzioumis">T. Tzioumis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO</s1><s2>Marsfield, NSW 2122</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Marsfield, NSW 2122</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uttley, P" sort="Uttley, P" uniqKey="Uttley P" first="P." last="Uttley">P. Uttley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fender, R P" sort="Fender, R P" uniqKey="Fender R" first="R. P." last="Fender">R. P. Fender</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arevalo, P" sort="Arevalo, P" uniqKey="Arevalo P" first="P." last="Arevalo">P. Arevalo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1</s1><s2>85741 Garching</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><wicri:noRegion>85741 Garching</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>85741 Garching</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 252</s1><s2>Santiago</s2><s3>CHL</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Chili</country><wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Breedt, E" sort="Breedt, E" uniqKey="Breedt E" first="E." last="Breedt">E. Breedt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road</s1><s2>Coventry CV4 7AL</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Coventry CV4 7AL</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mchardy, I" sort="Mchardy, I" uniqKey="Mchardy I" first="I." last="Mchardy">I. Mchardy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Calvelo, D E" sort="Calvelo, D E" uniqKey="Calvelo D" first="D. E." last="Calvelo">D. E. Calvelo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jamil, O" sort="Jamil, O" uniqKey="Jamil O" first="O." last="Jamil">O. Jamil</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton</s1><s2>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kording, E" sort="Kording, E" uniqKey="Kording E" first="E." last="Körding">E. Körding</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>AIM/CEA Saclay and University Paris Diderot, l'Orme des Merisers</s1><s2>91219 Gif-sur-vette</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>91219 Gif-sur-vette</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>l'Orme des Merisers</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>91219 Gif-sur-vette</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Accretion disks</term><term>Active galaxies</term><term>Active galaxy nuclei</term><term>Binary X ray source</term><term>Black holes</term><term>Correlation functions</term><term>Cosmic x-ray sources</term><term>Cosmology</term><term>Cross correlations</term><term>Galaxy nuclei</term><term>Light curves</term><term>Luminosity</term><term>Time variation</term><term>Variability</term><term>X ray observation</term><term>X-ray binary stars</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Variabilité</term><term>Luminosité</term><term>Noyau galactique actif</term><term>Trou noir</term><term>Binaire RX</term><term>Source RX binaire</term><term>Corrélation croisée</term><term>Courbe lumière</term><term>Fonction corrélation</term><term>Observation RX</term><term>Variation temporelle</term><term>Disque accrétion</term><term>Galaxies actives</term><term>Noyau galaxies</term><term>Cosmologie</term><term>Source RX cosmique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cosmologie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We present the results of a ˜3 yr campaign to monitor the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN) NGC 7213 in the radio (4.8 and 8.4 GHz) and X-ray bands (2-10 keV). With a reported X-ray Eddington ratio of 7 x 10<sup>-4</sup>L<sub>Edd</sub>, NGC 7213 can be considered to be comparable to a hard-state black hole X-ray binary. We show that a weak correlation exists between the X-ray and radio light curves. We use the cross-correlation function to calculate a global time-lag between events in the X-ray and radio bands to be 24 ± 12 d lag (8.4 GHz radio lagging X-ray) and 40 ± 13 d lag (4.8 GHz radio lagging X-ray), respectively. The radio-radio light curves are extremely well correlated with a lag of 20.5 ± 12.9 d (4.8 GHz lagging 8.4 GHz). We explore the previously established scaling relationship between core radio and X-ray luminosities and black hole mass L<sub>R</sub> W<sup>0.6-0.8</sup>L<sup>0.6</sup><sub>X</sub>, known as the 'Fundamental Plane of black hole activity', and show that NGC 7213 lies very close to the best-fitting 'global' correlation for the plane as one of the most-luminous LLAGNs. With a large number of quasi-simultaneous radio and X-ray observations, we explore for the first time the variations of a single AGN with respect to the Fundamental Plane. Although the average radio and X-ray luminosities for NGC 7213 are in good agreement with the Plane, we show that there is intrinsic scatter with respect to the Plane for the individual data points.</div> </front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Chili</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bell, M E" sort="Bell, M E" uniqKey="Bell M" first="M. E." last="Bell">M. E. Bell</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Breedt, E" sort="Breedt, E" uniqKey="Breedt E" first="E." last="Breedt">E. Breedt</name><name sortKey="Calvelo, D E" sort="Calvelo, D E" uniqKey="Calvelo D" first="D. E." last="Calvelo">D. E. Calvelo</name><name sortKey="Fender, R P" sort="Fender, R P" uniqKey="Fender R" first="R. P." last="Fender">R. P. Fender</name><name sortKey="Jamil, O" sort="Jamil, O" uniqKey="Jamil O" first="O." last="Jamil">O. Jamil</name><name sortKey="Mchardy, I" sort="Mchardy, I" uniqKey="Mchardy I" first="I." last="Mchardy">I. Mchardy</name><name sortKey="Uttley, P" sort="Uttley, P" uniqKey="Uttley P" first="P." last="Uttley">P. Uttley</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tzioumis, T" sort="Tzioumis, T" uniqKey="Tzioumis T" first="T." last="Tzioumis">T. Tzioumis</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arevalo, P" sort="Arevalo, P" uniqKey="Arevalo P" first="P." last="Arevalo">P. Arevalo</name></noRegion></country><country name="Chili"><noRegion><name sortKey="Arevalo, P" sort="Arevalo, P" uniqKey="Arevalo P" first="P." last="Arevalo">P. Arevalo</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kording, E" sort="Kording, E" uniqKey="Kording E" first="E." last="Körding">E. 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