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Variants in ADCY5 and near CCNL1 are associated with fetal growth and birth weight

Identifieur interne : 006E62 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 006E61; suivant : 006E63

Variants in ADCY5 and near CCNL1 are associated with fetal growth and birth weight

Auteurs : Rachel M. Freathy [Royaume-Uni] ; Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori [Pays-Bas] ; Ulla Sovio [Royaume-Uni] ; Inga Prokopenko [Royaume-Uni] ; Nicholas J. Timpson [Royaume-Uni] ; Diane J. Berry [Royaume-Uni] ; Nicole M. Warrington ; Elisabeth Widen [Finlande] ; Jouke Jan Hottenga [Pays-Bas] ; Marika Kaakinen [Finlande] ; Leslie A. Lange [États-Unis] ; Jonathan P. Bradfield [États-Unis] ; Marjan Kerkhof [Pays-Bas] ; Julie A. Marsh ; Reedik M Gi [Royaume-Uni] ; Chih-Mei Chen [Allemagne] ; Helen N. Lyon [États-Unis] ; Mirna Kirin [Royaume-Uni] ; Linda S. Adair [États-Unis] ; Yurii S. Aulchenko [Pays-Bas] ; Amanda J. Bennett [Royaume-Uni] ; Judith B. Borja [Philippines] ; Nabila Bouatia-Naji [France] ; Pimphen Charoen [Royaume-Uni, Thaïlande] ; Lachlan J M. Coin [Royaume-Uni] ; Diana L. Cousminer [Finlande] ; Eco J. C. De Geus [Pays-Bas] ; Panos Deloukas [Royaume-Uni] ; Paul Elliott [Royaume-Uni] ; David M. Evans [Royaume-Uni] ; Philippe Froguel [France, Royaume-Uni] ; Beate Glaser [Royaume-Uni] ; Christopher J. Groves [Royaume-Uni] ; Anna-Liisa Hartikainen [Finlande] ; Neelam Hassanali [Royaume-Uni] ; Joel N. Hirschhorn [États-Unis] ; Albert Hofman [Pays-Bas] ; Jeff M P. Holly [Royaume-Uni] ; Elina Hyppönen [Royaume-Uni] ; Stavroula Kanoni [Grèce] ; Bridget A. Knight [Royaume-Uni] ; Jaana Laitinen [Finlande] ; Cecilia M. Lindgren [Royaume-Uni] ; Wendy L. Mcardle [Royaume-Uni] ; Paul F. O'Reilly [Royaume-Uni] ; Craig E. Pennell ; Dirkje S. Postma [Pays-Bas] ; Anneli Pouta [Finlande] ; Adaikalavan Ramasamy [Royaume-Uni] ; Nigel W. Rayner [Royaume-Uni] ; Susan M. Ring [Royaume-Uni] ; Fernando Rivadeneira [Pays-Bas] ; Beverley M. Shields [Royaume-Uni] ; David P. Strachan [Royaume-Uni] ; Ida Surakka [Finlande] ; Anja Taanila [Finlande] ; Carla Tiesler [Allemagne] ; Andre G. Uitterlinden [Pays-Bas] ; Cornelia M. Van Duijn [Pays-Bas] ; Alet H. Wijga [Pays-Bas] ; Gonneke Willemsen [Pays-Bas] ; Haitao Zhang [États-Unis] ; Jianhua Zhao [États-Unis] ; James F. Wilson [Royaume-Uni] ; Eric A P. Steegers [Pays-Bas] ; Andrew T. Hattersley [Royaume-Uni] ; Johan G. Eriksson [Finlande] ; Leena Peltonen [Finlande, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis] ; Karen L. Mohlke [États-Unis] ; Struan F A. Grant [États-Unis] ; Hakon Hakonarson [États-Unis] ; Gerard H. Koppelman [Pays-Bas] ; George V. Dedoussis [Grèce] ; Joachim Heinrich [Allemagne] ; Matthew W. Gillman [États-Unis] ; Lyle J. Palmer ; Timothy M. Frayling [Royaume-Uni] ; Dorret I. Boomsma [Pays-Bas] ; George Davey Smith [Royaume-Uni] ; Chris Power [Royaume-Uni] ; Vincent W V. Jaddoe [Pays-Bas] ; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin [Royaume-Uni, Finlande] ; Mark I. Mccarthy [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

RBID : PMC:2862164

Abstract

INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH

To identify genetic variants associated with birth weight, we meta-analyzed six genome-wide association (GWA) studies (N=10,623 Europeans from pregnancy/birth cohorts) and followed up two lead signals in thirteen replication studies (N=27,591). Rs900400 near LEKR1 and CCNL1 (P=2×10−35), and rs9883204 in ADCY5 (P=7×10−15) were robustly associated with birth weight. Correlated SNPs in ADCY5 were recently implicated in regulation of glucose levels and type 2 diabetes susceptibility,1 providing evidence that the well described association between lower birth weight and subsequent type 2 diabetes2,3 has a genetic component, distinct from the proposed role of programming by maternal nutrition. Using data from both SNPs, the 9% of Europeans with 4 birth weight-lowering alleles were, on average, 113g (95%CI 89-137g) lighter at birth than the 24% with 0 or 1 allele (Ptrend=7×10−30). The impact on birth weight is similar to that of a mother smoking 4-5 cigarettes per day in the third trimester of pregnancy.4


Url:
DOI: 10.1038/ng.567
PubMed: 20372150
PubMed Central: 2862164


Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Adair, Linda S" sort="Adair, Linda S" uniqKey="Adair L" first="Linda S" last="Adair">Linda S. Adair</name>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Aulchenko, Yurii S" sort="Aulchenko, Yurii S" uniqKey="Aulchenko Y" first="Yurii S" last="Aulchenko">Yurii S. Aulchenko</name>
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<name sortKey="Borja, Judith B" sort="Borja, Judith B" uniqKey="Borja J" first="Judith B" last="Borja">Judith B. Borja</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A24"> Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Bouatia Naji, Nabila" sort="Bouatia Naji, Nabila" uniqKey="Bouatia Naji N" first="Nabila" last="Bouatia-Naji">Nabila Bouatia-Naji</name>
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<name sortKey="Charoen, Pimphen" sort="Charoen, Pimphen" uniqKey="Charoen P" first="Pimphen" last="Charoen">Pimphen Charoen</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A26"> Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</nlm:aff>
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<name sortKey="Coin, Lachlan J M" sort="Coin, Lachlan J M" uniqKey="Coin L" first="Lachlan J M" last="Coin">Lachlan J M. Coin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cousminer, Diana L" sort="Cousminer, Diana L" uniqKey="Cousminer D" first="Diana L" last="Cousminer">Diana L. Cousminer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Geus, Eco J C" sort="De Geus, Eco J C" uniqKey="De Geus E" first="Eco J. C." last="De Geus">Eco J. C. De Geus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A27"> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Evans, David M" sort="Evans, David M" uniqKey="Evans D" first="David M" last="Evans">David M. Evans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Froguel, Philippe" sort="Froguel, Philippe" uniqKey="Froguel P" first="Philippe" last="Froguel">Philippe Froguel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A25"> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A28"> Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Glaser, Beate" sort="Glaser, Beate" uniqKey="Glaser B" first="Beate" last="Glaser">Beate Glaser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A29"> Children of the Nineties, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Children of the Nineties, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Groves, Christopher J" sort="Groves, Christopher J" uniqKey="Groves C" first="Christopher J" last="Groves">Christopher J. Groves</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" sort="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" uniqKey="Hartikainen A" first="Anna-Liisa" last="Hartikainen">Anna-Liisa Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A30"> Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassanali, Neelam" sort="Hassanali, Neelam" uniqKey="Hassanali N" first="Neelam" last="Hassanali">Neelam Hassanali</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A20"> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A31"> Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A32"> Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A33"> Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holly, Jeff M P" sort="Holly, Jeff M P" uniqKey="Holly J" first="Jeff M P" last="Holly">Jeff M P. Holly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol BS10 5NB</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hypponen, Elina" sort="Hypponen, Elina" uniqKey="Hypponen E" first="Elina" last="Hyppönen">Elina Hyppönen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A9"> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kanoni, Stavroula" sort="Kanoni, Stavroula" uniqKey="Kanoni S" first="Stavroula" last="Kanoni">Stavroula Kanoni</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A35"> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Greece</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement>
<settlement type="town">Kallithéa</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Attique(région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Harokopio</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Knight, Bridget A" sort="Knight, Bridget A" uniqKey="Knight B" first="Bridget A" last="Knight">Bridget A. Knight</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Laitinen, Jaana" sort="Laitinen, Jaana" uniqKey="Laitinen J" first="Jaana" last="Laitinen">Jaana Laitinen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A37"> National Institute of Occupational Health, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Occupational Health</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M" last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mcardle, Wendy L" sort="Mcardle, Wendy L" uniqKey="Mcardle W" first="Wendy L" last="Mcardle">Wendy L. Mcardle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A38"> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="O Reilly, Paul F" sort="O Reilly, Paul F" uniqKey="O Reilly P" first="Paul F" last="O'Reilly">Paul F. O'Reilly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pennell, Craig E" sort="Pennell, Craig E" uniqKey="Pennell C" first="Craig E" last="Pennell">Craig E. Pennell</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A39"> School of Women's & Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">The University of Western Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Postma, Dirkje S" sort="Postma, Dirkje S" uniqKey="Postma D" first="Dirkje S" last="Postma">Dirkje S. Postma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A40"> Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pouta, Anneli" sort="Pouta, Anneli" uniqKey="Pouta A" first="Anneli" last="Pouta">Anneli Pouta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A41"> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ramasamy, Adaikalavan" sort="Ramasamy, Adaikalavan" uniqKey="Ramasamy A" first="Adaikalavan" last="Ramasamy">Adaikalavan Ramasamy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A42"> Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rayner, Nigel W" sort="Rayner, Nigel W" uniqKey="Rayner N" first="Nigel W" last="Rayner">Nigel W. Rayner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ring, Susan M" sort="Ring, Susan M" uniqKey="Ring S" first="Susan M" last="Ring">Susan M. Ring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A38"> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rivadeneira, Fernando" sort="Rivadeneira, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeneira F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeneira">Fernando Rivadeneira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A43"> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shields, Beverley M" sort="Shields, Beverley M" uniqKey="Shields B" first="Beverley M" last="Shields">Beverley M. Shields</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Strachan, David P" sort="Strachan, David P" uniqKey="Strachan D" first="David P" last="Strachan">David P. Strachan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A44"> Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Surakka, Ida" sort="Surakka, Ida" uniqKey="Surakka I" first="Ida" last="Surakka">Ida Surakka</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taanila, Anja" sort="Taanila, Anja" uniqKey="Taanila A" first="Anja" last="Taanila">Anja Taanila</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A13"> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tiesler, Carla" sort="Tiesler, Carla" uniqKey="Tiesler C" first="Carla" last="Tiesler">Carla Tiesler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A18"> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A19"> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="Andre G" last="Uitterlinden">Andre G. Uitterlinden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A43"> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wijga, Alet H" sort="Wijga, Alet H" uniqKey="Wijga A" first="Alet H" last="Wijga">Alet H. Wijga</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A45"> Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Willemsen, Gonneke" sort="Willemsen, Gonneke" uniqKey="Willemsen G" first="Gonneke" last="Willemsen">Gonneke Willemsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Haitao" sort="Zhang, Haitao" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Haitao" last="Zhang">Haitao Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, Jianhua" sort="Zhao, Jianhua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jianhua" last="Zhao">Jianhua Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wilson, James F" sort="Wilson, James F" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James F" last="Wilson">James F. Wilson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A22"> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement>
<region type="country">Écosse</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steegers, Eric A P" sort="Steegers, Eric A P" uniqKey="Steegers E" first="Eric A P" last="Steegers">Eric A P. Steegers</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A47"> Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hattersley, Andrew T" sort="Hattersley, Andrew T" uniqKey="Hattersley A" first="Andrew T" last="Hattersley">Andrew T. Hattersley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan G" sort="Eriksson, Johan G" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan G" last="Eriksson">Johan G. Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A48"> Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A49"> Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A50"> Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A51"> National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peltonen, Leena" sort="Peltonen, Leena" uniqKey="Peltonen L" first="Leena" last="Peltonen">Leena Peltonen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A27"> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A52"> Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohlke, Karen L" sort="Mohlke, Karen L" uniqKey="Mohlke K" first="Karen L" last="Mohlke">Karen L. Mohlke</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A15"> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grant, Struan F A" sort="Grant, Struan F A" uniqKey="Grant S" first="Struan F A" last="Grant">Struan F A. Grant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Koppelman, Gerard H" sort="Koppelman, Gerard H" uniqKey="Koppelman G" first="Gerard H" last="Koppelman">Gerard H. Koppelman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A54"> Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dedoussis, George V" sort="Dedoussis, George V" uniqKey="Dedoussis G" first="George V" last="Dedoussis">George V. Dedoussis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A35"> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Greece</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement>
<settlement type="town">Kallithéa</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Attique(région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Harokopio</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Heinrich, Joachim" sort="Heinrich, Joachim" uniqKey="Heinrich J" first="Joachim" last="Heinrich">Joachim Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A18"> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gillman, Matthew W" sort="Gillman, Matthew W" uniqKey="Gillman M" first="Matthew W" last="Gillman">Matthew W. Gillman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A55"> Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Palmer, Lyle J" sort="Palmer, Lyle J" uniqKey="Palmer L" first="Lyle J" last="Palmer">Lyle J. Palmer</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10"> Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Australia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">The University of Western Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Frayling, Timothy M" sort="Frayling, Timothy M" uniqKey="Frayling T" first="Timothy M" last="Frayling">Timothy M. Frayling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A1"> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX1 2LU</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I" last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Smith, George Davey" sort="Smith, George Davey" uniqKey="Smith G" first="George Davey" last="Smith">George Davey Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Power, Chris" sort="Power, Chris" uniqKey="Power C" first="Chris" last="Power">Chris Power</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A9"> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" sort="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" uniqKey="Jaddoe V" first="Vincent W V" last="Jaddoe">Vincent W V. Jaddoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="Jarvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="Jarvelin">Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A13"> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A14"> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A41"> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<wicri:regionArea> Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ</wicri:regionArea>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Variants in
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<italic>CCNL1</italic>
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<name sortKey="Freathy, Rachel M" sort="Freathy, Rachel M" uniqKey="Freathy R" first="Rachel M" last="Freathy">Rachel M. Freathy</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A1"> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK</nlm:aff>
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<wicri:regionArea> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" sort="Mook Kanamori, Dennis O" uniqKey="Mook Kanamori D" first="Dennis O" last="Mook-Kanamori">Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
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<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
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<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Berry, Diane J" sort="Berry, Diane J" uniqKey="Berry D" first="Diane J" last="Berry">Diane J. Berry</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A9"> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
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<name sortKey="Warrington, Nicole M" sort="Warrington, Nicole M" uniqKey="Warrington N" first="Nicole M" last="Warrington">Nicole M. Warrington</name>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Widen, Elisabeth" sort="Widen, Elisabeth" uniqKey="Widen E" first="Elisabeth" last="Widen">Elisabeth Widen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
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<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Hottenga, Jouke Jan" sort="Hottenga, Jouke Jan" uniqKey="Hottenga J" first="Jouke Jan" last="Hottenga">Jouke Jan Hottenga</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
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<name sortKey="Kaakinen, Marika" sort="Kaakinen, Marika" uniqKey="Kaakinen M" first="Marika" last="Kaakinen">Marika Kaakinen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A13"> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A14"> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
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<name sortKey="Lange, Leslie A" sort="Lange, Leslie A" uniqKey="Lange L" first="Leslie A" last="Lange">Leslie A. Lange</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A15"> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Bradfield, Jonathan P" sort="Bradfield, Jonathan P" uniqKey="Bradfield J" first="Jonathan P" last="Bradfield">Jonathan P. Bradfield</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Kerkhof, Marjan" sort="Kerkhof, Marjan" uniqKey="Kerkhof M" first="Marjan" last="Kerkhof">Marjan Kerkhof</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A17"> Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Groningue (ville)</settlement>
<region>Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Groningue</orgName>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Marsh, Julie A" sort="Marsh, Julie A" uniqKey="Marsh J" first="Julie A" last="Marsh">Julie A. Marsh</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10"> Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Australia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">The University of Western Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="M Gi, Reedik" sort="M Gi, Reedik" uniqKey="M Gi R" first="Reedik" last="M Gi">Reedik M Gi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
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<name sortKey="Chen, Chih Mei" sort="Chen, Chih Mei" uniqKey="Chen C" first="Chih-Mei" last="Chen">Chih-Mei Chen</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A18"> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
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<wicri:regionArea> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
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<nlm:aff id="A19"> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
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<orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName>
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<name sortKey="Lyon, Helen N" sort="Lyon, Helen N" uniqKey="Lyon H" first="Helen N" last="Lyon">Helen N. Lyon</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A20"> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A21"> Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
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</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Kirin, Mirna" sort="Kirin, Mirna" uniqKey="Kirin M" first="Mirna" last="Kirin">Mirna Kirin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A22"> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement>
<region type="country">Écosse</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Adair, Linda S" sort="Adair, Linda S" uniqKey="Adair L" first="Linda S" last="Adair">Linda S. Adair</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A23"> Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Aulchenko, Yurii S" sort="Aulchenko, Yurii S" uniqKey="Aulchenko Y" first="Yurii S" last="Aulchenko">Yurii S. Aulchenko</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Bennett, Amanda J" sort="Bennett, Amanda J" uniqKey="Bennett A" first="Amanda J" last="Bennett">Amanda J. Bennett</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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<name sortKey="Borja, Judith B" sort="Borja, Judith B" uniqKey="Borja J" first="Judith B" last="Borja">Judith B. Borja</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A24"> Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Philippines</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cebu City</wicri:noRegion>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Bouatia Naji, Nabila" sort="Bouatia Naji, Nabila" uniqKey="Bouatia Naji N" first="Nabila" last="Bouatia-Naji">Nabila Bouatia-Naji</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A25"> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
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<name sortKey="Charoen, Pimphen" sort="Charoen, Pimphen" uniqKey="Charoen P" first="Pimphen" last="Charoen">Pimphen Charoen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A26"> Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Thaïlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok</wicri:regionArea>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Coin, Lachlan J M" sort="Coin, Lachlan J M" uniqKey="Coin L" first="Lachlan J M" last="Coin">Lachlan J M. Coin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Cousminer, Diana L" sort="Cousminer, Diana L" uniqKey="Cousminer D" first="Diana L" last="Cousminer">Diana L. Cousminer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Geus, Eco J C" sort="De Geus, Eco J C" uniqKey="De Geus E" first="Eco J. C." last="De Geus">Eco J. C. De Geus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
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<author>
<name sortKey="Deloukas, Panos" sort="Deloukas, Panos" uniqKey="Deloukas P" first="Panos" last="Deloukas">Panos Deloukas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A27"> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Elliott, Paul" sort="Elliott, Paul" uniqKey="Elliott P" first="Paul" last="Elliott">Paul Elliott</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
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<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Evans, David M" sort="Evans, David M" uniqKey="Evans D" first="David M" last="Evans">David M. Evans</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Froguel, Philippe" sort="Froguel, Philippe" uniqKey="Froguel P" first="Philippe" last="Froguel">Philippe Froguel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A25"> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille, France</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea> CNRS UMR 8090 Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute of Lille and Lille 2 Droit et Sant, University, Lille</wicri:regionArea>
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<region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region>
<settlement type="city">Lille</settlement>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A28"> Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Genomic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Glaser, Beate" sort="Glaser, Beate" uniqKey="Glaser B" first="Beate" last="Glaser">Beate Glaser</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A29"> Children of the Nineties, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Children of the Nineties, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Groves, Christopher J" sort="Groves, Christopher J" uniqKey="Groves C" first="Christopher J" last="Groves">Christopher J. Groves</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" sort="Hartikainen, Anna Liisa" uniqKey="Hartikainen A" first="Anna-Liisa" last="Hartikainen">Anna-Liisa Hartikainen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A30"> Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassanali, Neelam" sort="Hassanali, Neelam" uniqKey="Hassanali N" first="Neelam" last="Hassanali">Neelam Hassanali</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hirschhorn, Joel N" sort="Hirschhorn, Joel N" uniqKey="Hirschhorn J" first="Joel N" last="Hirschhorn">Joel N. Hirschhorn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A20"> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A31"> Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A32"> Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A33"> Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hofman, Albert" sort="Hofman, Albert" uniqKey="Hofman A" first="Albert" last="Hofman">Albert Hofman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holly, Jeff M P" sort="Holly, Jeff M P" uniqKey="Holly J" first="Jeff M P" last="Holly">Jeff M P. Holly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A34"> Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Clinical Science at North Bristol, University of Bristol, Paul O'Gorman Lifeline Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bristol BS10 5NB</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hypponen, Elina" sort="Hypponen, Elina" uniqKey="Hypponen E" first="Elina" last="Hyppönen">Elina Hyppönen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A9"> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kanoni, Stavroula" sort="Kanoni, Stavroula" uniqKey="Kanoni S" first="Stavroula" last="Kanoni">Stavroula Kanoni</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A35"> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Greece</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement>
<settlement type="town">Kallithéa</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Attique(région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Harokopio</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Knight, Bridget A" sort="Knight, Bridget A" uniqKey="Knight B" first="Bridget A" last="Knight">Bridget A. Knight</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Laitinen, Jaana" sort="Laitinen, Jaana" uniqKey="Laitinen J" first="Jaana" last="Laitinen">Jaana Laitinen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A37"> National Institute of Occupational Health, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Occupational Health</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lindgren, Cecilia M" sort="Lindgren, Cecilia M" uniqKey="Lindgren C" first="Cecilia M" last="Lindgren">Cecilia M. Lindgren</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mcardle, Wendy L" sort="Mcardle, Wendy L" uniqKey="Mcardle W" first="Wendy L" last="Mcardle">Wendy L. Mcardle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A38"> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="O Reilly, Paul F" sort="O Reilly, Paul F" uniqKey="O Reilly P" first="Paul F" last="O'Reilly">Paul F. O'Reilly</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pennell, Craig E" sort="Pennell, Craig E" uniqKey="Pennell C" first="Craig E" last="Pennell">Craig E. Pennell</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A39"> School of Women's & Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">The University of Western Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Postma, Dirkje S" sort="Postma, Dirkje S" uniqKey="Postma D" first="Dirkje S" last="Postma">Dirkje S. Postma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A40"> Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pouta, Anneli" sort="Pouta, Anneli" uniqKey="Pouta A" first="Anneli" last="Pouta">Anneli Pouta</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A41"> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ramasamy, Adaikalavan" sort="Ramasamy, Adaikalavan" uniqKey="Ramasamy A" first="Adaikalavan" last="Ramasamy">Adaikalavan Ramasamy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A42"> Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rayner, Nigel W" sort="Rayner, Nigel W" uniqKey="Rayner N" first="Nigel W" last="Rayner">Nigel W. Rayner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ring, Susan M" sort="Ring, Susan M" uniqKey="Ring S" first="Susan M" last="Ring">Susan M. Ring</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A38"> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rivadeneira, Fernando" sort="Rivadeneira, Fernando" uniqKey="Rivadeneira F" first="Fernando" last="Rivadeneira">Fernando Rivadeneira</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A43"> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shields, Beverley M" sort="Shields, Beverley M" uniqKey="Shields B" first="Beverley M" last="Shields">Beverley M. Shields</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Strachan, David P" sort="Strachan, David P" uniqKey="Strachan D" first="David P" last="Strachan">David P. Strachan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A44"> Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Surakka, Ida" sort="Surakka, Ida" uniqKey="Surakka I" first="Ida" last="Surakka">Ida Surakka</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taanila, Anja" sort="Taanila, Anja" uniqKey="Taanila A" first="Anja" last="Taanila">Anja Taanila</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A13"> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tiesler, Carla" sort="Tiesler, Carla" uniqKey="Tiesler C" first="Carla" last="Tiesler">Carla Tiesler</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A18"> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A19"> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Uitterlinden, Andre G" sort="Uitterlinden, Andre G" uniqKey="Uitterlinden A" first="Andre G" last="Uitterlinden">Andre G. Uitterlinden</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A43"> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" sort="Van Duijn, Cornelia M" uniqKey="Van Duijn C" first="Cornelia M" last="Van Duijn">Cornelia M. Van Duijn</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wijga, Alet H" sort="Wijga, Alet H" uniqKey="Wijga A" first="Alet H" last="Wijga">Alet H. Wijga</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A45"> Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Prevention and Health Services Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Willemsen, Gonneke" sort="Willemsen, Gonneke" uniqKey="Willemsen G" first="Gonneke" last="Willemsen">Gonneke Willemsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Haitao" sort="Zhang, Haitao" uniqKey="Zhang H" first="Haitao" last="Zhang">Haitao Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, Jianhua" sort="Zhao, Jianhua" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jianhua" last="Zhao">Jianhua Zhao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wilson, James F" sort="Wilson, James F" uniqKey="Wilson J" first="James F" last="Wilson">James F. Wilson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A22"> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement>
<region type="country">Écosse</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steegers, Eric A P" sort="Steegers, Eric A P" uniqKey="Steegers E" first="Eric A P" last="Steegers">Eric A P. Steegers</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A47"> Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hattersley, Andrew T" sort="Hattersley, Andrew T" uniqKey="Hattersley A" first="Andrew T" last="Hattersley">Andrew T. Hattersley</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A36"> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX2 5DW</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Eriksson, Johan G" sort="Eriksson, Johan G" uniqKey="Eriksson J" first="Johan G" last="Eriksson">Johan G. Eriksson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A48"> Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A49"> Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A50"> Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A51"> National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peltonen, Leena" sort="Peltonen, Leena" uniqKey="Peltonen L" first="Leena" last="Peltonen">Leena Peltonen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A11"> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20), 00014 University of Helsinki</nlm:aff>
<country>Finlande</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<wicri:regionArea> Insititute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tukholmankatu 8 (P.O: Box 20)</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A27"> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridge, CB10 1SA</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>CB10 1SA</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A52"> Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohlke, Karen L" sort="Mohlke, Karen L" uniqKey="Mohlke K" first="Karen L" last="Mohlke">Karen L. Mohlke</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A15"> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grant, Struan F A" sort="Grant, Struan F A" uniqKey="Grant S" first="Struan F A" last="Grant">Struan F A. Grant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hakonarson, Hakon" sort="Hakonarson, Hakon" uniqKey="Hakonarson H" first="Hakon" last="Hakonarson">Hakon Hakonarson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A16"> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A46"> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A53"> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Koppelman, Gerard H" sort="Koppelman, Gerard H" uniqKey="Koppelman G" first="Gerard H" last="Koppelman">Gerard H. Koppelman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A54"> Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Groningue</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Groningue (province)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dedoussis, George V" sort="Dedoussis, George V" uniqKey="Dedoussis G" first="George V" last="Dedoussis">George V. Dedoussis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A35"> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Greece</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement>
<settlement type="town">Kallithéa</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Attique(région)</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Harokopio</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Heinrich, Joachim" sort="Heinrich, Joachim" uniqKey="Heinrich J" first="Joachim" last="Heinrich">Joachim Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A18"> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Neuherberg</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gillman, Matthew W" sort="Gillman, Matthew W" uniqKey="Gillman M" first="Matthew W" last="Gillman">Matthew W. Gillman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="A55"> Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Massachusetts</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Palmer, Lyle J" sort="Palmer, Lyle J" uniqKey="Palmer L" first="Lyle J" last="Palmer">Lyle J. Palmer</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10"> Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Australia</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">The University of Western Australia</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Frayling, Timothy M" sort="Frayling, Timothy M" uniqKey="Frayling T" first="Timothy M" last="Frayling">Timothy M. Frayling</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A1"> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>EX1 2LU</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boomsma, Dorret I" sort="Boomsma, Dorret I" uniqKey="Boomsma D" first="Dorret I" last="Boomsma">Dorret I. Boomsma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A12"> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Smith, George Davey" sort="Smith, George Davey" uniqKey="Smith G" first="George Davey" last="Smith">George Davey Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A8"> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>BS8 2BN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Power, Chris" sort="Power, Chris" uniqKey="Power C" first="Chris" last="Power">Chris Power</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A9"> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College of London Institute of Child Health, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" sort="Jaddoe, Vincent W V" uniqKey="Jaddoe V" first="Vincent W V" last="Jaddoe">Vincent W V. Jaddoe</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A3"> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Rotterdam</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Méridionale</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" sort="Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta" uniqKey="Jarvelin M" first="Marjo-Riitta" last="Jarvelin">Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3">
<nlm:aff id="A5"> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Londres</settlement>
<region type="country">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A13"> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A14"> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A41"> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country>
<wicri:regionArea> National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccarthy, Mark I" sort="Mccarthy, Mark I" uniqKey="Mccarthy M" first="Mark I" last="Mccarthy">Mark I. Mccarthy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A6"> Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK, OX3 7LJ</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="A7"> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement>
<region type="nation">Angleterre</region>
<region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="A56"> Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea> Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Oxford OX3 7LJ</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Nature genetics</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1061-4036</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1546-1718</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2010">2010</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<title>INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH</title>
<p id="P9">To identify genetic variants associated with birth weight, we meta-analyzed six genome-wide association (GWA) studies (N=10,623 Europeans from pregnancy/birth cohorts) and followed up two lead signals in thirteen replication studies (N=27,591). Rs900400 near
<italic>LEKR1</italic>
and
<italic>CCNL1</italic>
(
<italic>P</italic>
=2×10
<sup>−35</sup>
), and rs9883204 in
<italic>ADCY5</italic>
(
<italic>P</italic>
=7×10
<sup>−15</sup>
) were robustly associated with birth weight. Correlated SNPs in
<italic>ADCY5</italic>
were recently implicated in regulation of glucose levels and type 2 diabetes susceptibility,
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>
providing evidence that the well described association between lower birth weight and subsequent type 2 diabetes
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>
has a genetic component, distinct from the proposed role of programming by maternal nutrition. Using data from both SNPs, the 9% of Europeans with 4 birth weight-lowering alleles were, on average, 113g (95%CI 89-137g) lighter at birth than the 24% with 0 or 1 allele (
<italic>P
<sub>trend</sub>
</italic>
=7×10
<sup>−30</sup>
). The impact on birth weight is similar to that of a mother smoking 4-5 cigarettes per day in the third trimester of pregnancy.
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>
</p>
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<name sortKey="Dedoussis, George V" sort="Dedoussis, George V" uniqKey="Dedoussis G" first="George V" last="Dedoussis">George V. Dedoussis</name>
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