Structure and functioning of dryland ecosystems in a changing world
Identifieur interne : 001702 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 001701; suivant : 001703Structure and functioning of dryland ecosystems in a changing world
Auteurs : Fernando T. Maestre [Espagne] ; David J. Eldridge [Australie] ; Santiago Soliveres [Suisse] ; Sonia Kéfi [France] ; Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo [Australie] ; Matthew A. Bowker [États-Unis] ; Pablo García-Palacios [Espagne] ; Juan Gaitán [Argentine] ; Antonio Gallardo [Espagne] ; Roberto Lázaro [Espagne] ; Miguel Berdugo [Espagne]Source :
- Annual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics [ 1543-592X ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Understanding how drylands respond to ongoing environmental change is extremely important for global sustainability. Here we review how biotic attributes, climate, grazing pressure, land cover change and nitrogen deposition affect the functioning of drylands at multiple spatial scales. Our synthesis highlights the importance of biotic attributes (e.g. species richness) in maintaining fundamental ecosystem processes such as primary productivity, illustrate how N deposition and grazing pressure are impacting ecosystem functioning in drylands worldwide, and highlight the importance of the traits of woody species as drivers of their expansion in former grasslands. We also emphasize the role of attributes such as species richness and abundance in controlling the responses of ecosystem functioning to climate change. This knowledge is essential to guide conservation and restoration efforts in drylands, as biotic attributes can be actively managed at the local scale to increase ecosystem resilience to global change.
Url:
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032311
PubMed: 28239303
PubMed Central: 5321561
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Understanding how drylands respond to ongoing environmental change is extremely important for global sustainability. Here we review how biotic attributes, climate, grazing pressure, land cover change and nitrogen deposition affect the functioning of drylands at multiple spatial scales. Our synthesis highlights the importance of biotic attributes (e.g. species richness) in maintaining fundamental ecosystem processes such as primary productivity, illustrate how N deposition and grazing pressure are impacting ecosystem functioning in drylands worldwide, and highlight the importance of the traits of woody species as drivers of their expansion in former grasslands. We also emphasize the role of attributes such as species richness and abundance in controlling the responses of ecosystem functioning to climate change. This knowledge is essential to guide conservation and restoration efforts in drylands, as biotic attributes can be actively managed at the local scale to increase ecosystem resilience to global change.</p>
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