Effect of creatine monohydrate on clinical progression in patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial.
Identifieur interne : 000564 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000563; suivant : 000565Effect of creatine monohydrate on clinical progression in patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial.
Auteurs : Karl Kieburtz ; Barbara C. Tilley ; Jordan J. Elm ; Debra Babcock ; Robert Hauser ; G Webster Ross ; Alicia H. Augustine ; Erika U. Augustine ; Michael J. Aminoff ; Ivan G. Bodis-Wollner ; James Boyd ; Franca Cambi ; Kelvin Chou ; Chadwick W. Christine ; Michelle Cines ; Nabila Dahodwala ; Lorelei Derwent ; Richard B. Dewey ; Katherine Hawthorne ; David J. Houghton ; Cornelia Kamp ; Maureen Leehey ; Mark F. Lew ; Grace S Lin Liang ; Sheng T. Luo ; Zoltan Mari ; John C. Morgan ; Sotirios Parashos ; Adriana Pérez ; Helen Petrovitch ; Suja Rajan ; Sue Reichwein ; Jessie Tatsuno Roth ; Jay S. Schneider ; Kathleen M. Shannon ; David K. Simon ; Tanya Simuni ; Carlos Singer ; Lewis Sudarsky ; Caroline M. Tanner ; Chizoba C. Umeh ; Karen Williams ; Anne-Marie WillsSource :
- JAMA [ 1538-3598 ] ; 2015.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aged, Antiparkinson Agents (adverse effects), Antiparkinson Agents (therapeutic use), Creatine (adverse effects), Creatine (blood), Creatine (therapeutic use), Disease Progression, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease (drug therapy), Treatment Outcome.
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Antiparkinson Agents, Creatine.
- chemical , blood : Creatine.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiparkinson Agents, Creatine.
- drug therapy : Parkinson Disease.
- Aged, Disease Progression, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
There are no treatments available to slow or prevent the progression of Parkinson disease, despite its global prevalence and significant health care burden. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease program was established to promote discovery of potential therapies.
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.120
PubMed: 25668262
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:25668262Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Effect of creatine monohydrate on clinical progression in patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial.</title><author><name sortKey="Kieburtz, Karl" sort="Kieburtz, Karl" uniqKey="Kieburtz K" first="Karl" last="Kieburtz">Karl Kieburtz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tilley, Barbara C" sort="Tilley, Barbara C" uniqKey="Tilley B" first="Barbara C" last="Tilley">Barbara C. Tilley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elm, Jordan J" sort="Elm, Jordan J" uniqKey="Elm J" first="Jordan J" last="Elm">Jordan J. Elm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Babcock, Debra" sort="Babcock, Debra" uniqKey="Babcock D" first="Debra" last="Babcock">Debra Babcock</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Robert" sort="Hauser, Robert" uniqKey="Hauser R" first="Robert" last="Hauser">Robert Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of South Florida, Tampa.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, G Webster" sort="Ross, G Webster" uniqKey="Ross G" first="G Webster" last="Ross">G Webster Ross</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Augustine, Alicia H" sort="Augustine, Alicia H" uniqKey="Augustine A" first="Alicia H" last="Augustine">Alicia H. Augustine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Augustine, Erika U" sort="Augustine, Erika U" uniqKey="Augustine E" first="Erika U" last="Augustine">Erika U. Augustine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aminoff, Michael J" sort="Aminoff, Michael J" uniqKey="Aminoff M" first="Michael J" last="Aminoff">Michael J. Aminoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bodis Wollner, Ivan G" sort="Bodis Wollner, Ivan G" uniqKey="Bodis Wollner I" first="Ivan G" last="Bodis-Wollner">Ivan G. Bodis-Wollner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boyd, James" sort="Boyd, James" uniqKey="Boyd J" first="James" last="Boyd">James Boyd</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Vermont, Burlington.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cambi, Franca" sort="Cambi, Franca" uniqKey="Cambi F" first="Franca" last="Cambi">Franca Cambi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Kentucky, Lexington.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chou, Kelvin" sort="Chou, Kelvin" uniqKey="Chou K" first="Kelvin" last="Chou">Kelvin Chou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christine, Chadwick W" sort="Christine, Chadwick W" uniqKey="Christine C" first="Chadwick W" last="Christine">Chadwick W. Christine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cines, Michelle" sort="Cines, Michelle" uniqKey="Cines M" first="Michelle" last="Cines">Michelle Cines</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dahodwala, Nabila" sort="Dahodwala, Nabila" uniqKey="Dahodwala N" first="Nabila" last="Dahodwala">Nabila Dahodwala</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derwent, Lorelei" sort="Derwent, Lorelei" uniqKey="Derwent L" first="Lorelei" last="Derwent">Lorelei Derwent</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dewey, Richard B" sort="Dewey, Richard B" uniqKey="Dewey R" first="Richard B" last="Dewey">Richard B. Dewey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawthorne, Katherine" sort="Hawthorne, Katherine" uniqKey="Hawthorne K" first="Katherine" last="Hawthorne">Katherine Hawthorne</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Houghton, David J" sort="Houghton, David J" uniqKey="Houghton D" first="David J" last="Houghton">David J. Houghton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamp, Cornelia" sort="Kamp, Cornelia" uniqKey="Kamp C" first="Cornelia" last="Kamp">Cornelia Kamp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leehey, Maureen" sort="Leehey, Maureen" uniqKey="Leehey M" first="Maureen" last="Leehey">Maureen Leehey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Colorado Denver, Aurora.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lew, Mark F" sort="Lew, Mark F" uniqKey="Lew M" first="Mark F" last="Lew">Mark F. Lew</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Grace S Lin" sort="Liang, Grace S Lin" uniqKey="Liang G" first="Grace S Lin" last="Liang">Grace S Lin Liang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Sheng T" sort="Luo, Sheng T" uniqKey="Luo S" first="Sheng T" last="Luo">Sheng T. Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mari, Zoltan" sort="Mari, Zoltan" uniqKey="Mari Z" first="Zoltan" last="Mari">Zoltan Mari</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morgan, John C" sort="Morgan, John C" uniqKey="Morgan J" first="John C" last="Morgan">John C. Morgan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Georgia Regents University, Augusta.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parashos, Sotirios" sort="Parashos, Sotirios" uniqKey="Parashos S" first="Sotirios" last="Parashos">Sotirios Parashos</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Struthers Parkinson's Center, Golden Valley, Minnesota.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Adriana" sort="Perez, Adriana" uniqKey="Perez A" first="Adriana" last="Pérez">Adriana Pérez</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petrovitch, Helen" sort="Petrovitch, Helen" uniqKey="Petrovitch H" first="Helen" last="Petrovitch">Helen Petrovitch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajan, Suja" sort="Rajan, Suja" uniqKey="Rajan S" first="Suja" last="Rajan">Suja Rajan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichwein, Sue" sort="Reichwein, Sue" uniqKey="Reichwein S" first="Sue" last="Reichwein">Sue Reichwein</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roth, Jessie Tatsuno" sort="Roth, Jessie Tatsuno" uniqKey="Roth J" first="Jessie Tatsuno" last="Roth">Jessie Tatsuno Roth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Jay S" sort="Schneider, Jay S" uniqKey="Schneider J" first="Jay S" last="Schneider">Jay S. Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shannon, Kathleen M" sort="Shannon, Kathleen M" uniqKey="Shannon K" first="Kathleen M" last="Shannon">Kathleen M. Shannon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, David K" sort="Simon, David K" uniqKey="Simon D" first="David K" last="Simon">David K. Simon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simuni, Tanya" sort="Simuni, Tanya" uniqKey="Simuni T" first="Tanya" last="Simuni">Tanya Simuni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singer, Carlos" sort="Singer, Carlos" uniqKey="Singer C" first="Carlos" last="Singer">Carlos Singer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Miami, Miami, Florida.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sudarsky, Lewis" sort="Sudarsky, Lewis" uniqKey="Sudarsky L" first="Lewis" last="Sudarsky">Lewis Sudarsky</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanner, Caroline M" sort="Tanner, Caroline M" uniqKey="Tanner C" first="Caroline M" last="Tanner">Caroline M. Tanner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Umeh, Chizoba C" sort="Umeh, Chizoba C" uniqKey="Umeh C" first="Chizoba C" last="Umeh">Chizoba C. Umeh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Karen" sort="Williams, Karen" uniqKey="Williams K" first="Karen" last="Williams">Karen Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wills, Anne Marie" sort="Wills, Anne Marie" uniqKey="Wills A" first="Anne-Marie" last="Wills">Anne-Marie Wills</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25668262</idno><idno type="pmid">25668262</idno><idno type="doi">10.1001/jama.2015.120</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000564</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000564</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Effect of creatine monohydrate on clinical progression in patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial.</title><author><name sortKey="Kieburtz, Karl" sort="Kieburtz, Karl" uniqKey="Kieburtz K" first="Karl" last="Kieburtz">Karl Kieburtz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tilley, Barbara C" sort="Tilley, Barbara C" uniqKey="Tilley B" first="Barbara C" last="Tilley">Barbara C. Tilley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elm, Jordan J" sort="Elm, Jordan J" uniqKey="Elm J" first="Jordan J" last="Elm">Jordan J. Elm</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Babcock, Debra" sort="Babcock, Debra" uniqKey="Babcock D" first="Debra" last="Babcock">Debra Babcock</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hauser, Robert" sort="Hauser, Robert" uniqKey="Hauser R" first="Robert" last="Hauser">Robert Hauser</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of South Florida, Tampa.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, G Webster" sort="Ross, G Webster" uniqKey="Ross G" first="G Webster" last="Ross">G Webster Ross</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Augustine, Alicia H" sort="Augustine, Alicia H" uniqKey="Augustine A" first="Alicia H" last="Augustine">Alicia H. Augustine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Augustine, Erika U" sort="Augustine, Erika U" uniqKey="Augustine E" first="Erika U" last="Augustine">Erika U. Augustine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aminoff, Michael J" sort="Aminoff, Michael J" uniqKey="Aminoff M" first="Michael J" last="Aminoff">Michael J. Aminoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bodis Wollner, Ivan G" sort="Bodis Wollner, Ivan G" uniqKey="Bodis Wollner I" first="Ivan G" last="Bodis-Wollner">Ivan G. Bodis-Wollner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boyd, James" sort="Boyd, James" uniqKey="Boyd J" first="James" last="Boyd">James Boyd</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Vermont, Burlington.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cambi, Franca" sort="Cambi, Franca" uniqKey="Cambi F" first="Franca" last="Cambi">Franca Cambi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Kentucky, Lexington.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chou, Kelvin" sort="Chou, Kelvin" uniqKey="Chou K" first="Kelvin" last="Chou">Kelvin Chou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christine, Chadwick W" sort="Christine, Chadwick W" uniqKey="Christine C" first="Chadwick W" last="Christine">Chadwick W. Christine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cines, Michelle" sort="Cines, Michelle" uniqKey="Cines M" first="Michelle" last="Cines">Michelle Cines</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dahodwala, Nabila" sort="Dahodwala, Nabila" uniqKey="Dahodwala N" first="Nabila" last="Dahodwala">Nabila Dahodwala</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derwent, Lorelei" sort="Derwent, Lorelei" uniqKey="Derwent L" first="Lorelei" last="Derwent">Lorelei Derwent</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dewey, Richard B" sort="Dewey, Richard B" uniqKey="Dewey R" first="Richard B" last="Dewey">Richard B. Dewey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawthorne, Katherine" sort="Hawthorne, Katherine" uniqKey="Hawthorne K" first="Katherine" last="Hawthorne">Katherine Hawthorne</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Houghton, David J" sort="Houghton, David J" uniqKey="Houghton D" first="David J" last="Houghton">David J. Houghton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamp, Cornelia" sort="Kamp, Cornelia" uniqKey="Kamp C" first="Cornelia" last="Kamp">Cornelia Kamp</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leehey, Maureen" sort="Leehey, Maureen" uniqKey="Leehey M" first="Maureen" last="Leehey">Maureen Leehey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Colorado Denver, Aurora.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lew, Mark F" sort="Lew, Mark F" uniqKey="Lew M" first="Mark F" last="Lew">Mark F. Lew</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Grace S Lin" sort="Liang, Grace S Lin" uniqKey="Liang G" first="Grace S Lin" last="Liang">Grace S Lin Liang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Sheng T" sort="Luo, Sheng T" uniqKey="Luo S" first="Sheng T" last="Luo">Sheng T. Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mari, Zoltan" sort="Mari, Zoltan" uniqKey="Mari Z" first="Zoltan" last="Mari">Zoltan Mari</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morgan, John C" sort="Morgan, John C" uniqKey="Morgan J" first="John C" last="Morgan">John C. Morgan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Georgia Regents University, Augusta.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parashos, Sotirios" sort="Parashos, Sotirios" uniqKey="Parashos S" first="Sotirios" last="Parashos">Sotirios Parashos</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Struthers Parkinson's Center, Golden Valley, Minnesota.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Adriana" sort="Perez, Adriana" uniqKey="Perez A" first="Adriana" last="Pérez">Adriana Pérez</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Petrovitch, Helen" sort="Petrovitch, Helen" uniqKey="Petrovitch H" first="Helen" last="Petrovitch">Helen Petrovitch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rajan, Suja" sort="Rajan, Suja" uniqKey="Rajan S" first="Suja" last="Rajan">Suja Rajan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichwein, Sue" sort="Reichwein, Sue" uniqKey="Reichwein S" first="Sue" last="Reichwein">Sue Reichwein</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roth, Jessie Tatsuno" sort="Roth, Jessie Tatsuno" uniqKey="Roth J" first="Jessie Tatsuno" last="Roth">Jessie Tatsuno Roth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, Jay S" sort="Schneider, Jay S" uniqKey="Schneider J" first="Jay S" last="Schneider">Jay S. Schneider</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shannon, Kathleen M" sort="Shannon, Kathleen M" uniqKey="Shannon K" first="Kathleen M" last="Shannon">Kathleen M. Shannon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simon, David K" sort="Simon, David K" uniqKey="Simon D" first="David K" last="Simon">David K. Simon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simuni, Tanya" sort="Simuni, Tanya" uniqKey="Simuni T" first="Tanya" last="Simuni">Tanya Simuni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singer, Carlos" sort="Singer, Carlos" uniqKey="Singer C" first="Carlos" last="Singer">Carlos Singer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of Miami, Miami, Florida.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sudarsky, Lewis" sort="Sudarsky, Lewis" uniqKey="Sudarsky L" first="Lewis" last="Sudarsky">Lewis Sudarsky</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanner, Caroline M" sort="Tanner, Caroline M" uniqKey="Tanner C" first="Caroline M" last="Tanner">Caroline M. Tanner</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Umeh, Chizoba C" sort="Umeh, Chizoba C" uniqKey="Umeh C" first="Chizoba C" last="Umeh">Chizoba C. Umeh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Karen" sort="Williams, Karen" uniqKey="Williams K" first="Karen" last="Williams">Karen Williams</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wills, Anne Marie" sort="Wills, Anne Marie" uniqKey="Wills A" first="Anne-Marie" last="Wills">Anne-Marie Wills</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">JAMA</title><idno type="eISSN">1538-3598</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Antiparkinson Agents (adverse effects)</term><term>Antiparkinson Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Creatine (adverse effects)</term><term>Creatine (blood)</term><term>Creatine (therapeutic use)</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Double-Blind Method</term><term>Drug Therapy, Combination</term><term>Female</term><term>Follow-Up Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Medication Adherence</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Parkinson Disease (drug therapy)</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiparkinson Agents</term><term>Creatine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Creatine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiparkinson Agents</term><term>Creatine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Double-Blind Method</term><term>Drug Therapy, Combination</term><term>Female</term><term>Follow-Up Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Medication Adherence</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">There are no treatments available to slow or prevent the progression of Parkinson disease, despite its global prevalence and significant health care burden. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease program was established to promote discovery of potential therapies.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25668262</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>19</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1538-3598</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>313</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>JAMA</Title><ISOAbbreviation>JAMA</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effect of creatine monohydrate on clinical progression in patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>584-93</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1001/jama.2015.120</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="IMPORTANCE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">There are no treatments available to slow or prevent the progression of Parkinson disease, despite its global prevalence and significant health care burden. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease program was established to promote discovery of potential therapies.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To determine whether creatine monohydrate was more effective than placebo in slowing long-term clinical decline in participants with Parkinson disease.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The Long-term Study 1, a multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, 1:1 randomized efficacy trial. Participants were recruited from 45 investigative sites in the United States and Canada and included 1741 men and women with early (within 5 years of diagnosis) and treated (receiving dopaminergic therapy) Parkinson disease. Participants were enrolled from March 2007 to May 2010 and followed up until September 2013.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="INTERVENTIONS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Participants were randomized to placebo or creatine (10 g/d) monohydrate for a minimum of 5 years (maximum follow-up, 8 years).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES" NlmCategory="METHODS">The primary outcome measure was a difference in clinical decline from baseline to 5-year follow-up, compared between the 2 treatment groups using a global statistical test. Clinical status was defined by 5 outcome measures: Modified Rankin Scale, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, PDQ-39 Summary Index, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living scale, and ambulatory capacity. All outcomes were coded such that higher scores indicated worse outcomes and were analyzed by a global statistical test. Higher summed ranks (range, 5-4775) indicate worse outcomes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The trial was terminated early for futility based on results of a planned interim analysis of participants enrolled at least 5 years prior to the date of the analysis (n = 955). The median follow-up time was 4 years. Of the 955 participants, the mean of the summed ranks for placebo was 2360 (95% CI, 2249-2470) and for creatine was 2414 (95% CI, 2304-2524). The global statistical test yielded t1865.8 = -0.75 (2-sided P = .45). There were no detectable differences (P < .01 to partially adjust for multiple comparisons) in adverse and serious adverse events by body system.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Among patients with early and treated Parkinson disease, treatment with creatine monohydrate for at least 5 years, compared with placebo did not improve clinical outcomes. These findings do not support the use of creatine monohydrate in patients with Parkinson disease.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TRIAL REGISTRATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00449865.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Writing Group for the NINDS Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease (NET-PD) Investigators</CollectiveName></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kieburtz</LastName><ForeName>Karl</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tilley</LastName><ForeName>Barbara C</ForeName><Initials>BC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Elm</LastName><ForeName>Jordan J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Babcock</LastName><ForeName>Debra</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hauser</LastName><ForeName>Robert</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of South Florida, Tampa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ross</LastName><ForeName>G Webster</ForeName><Initials>GW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Augustine</LastName><ForeName>Alicia H</ForeName><Initials>AH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Augustine</LastName><ForeName>Erika U</ForeName><Initials>EU</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aminoff</LastName><ForeName>Michael J</ForeName><Initials>MJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bodis-Wollner</LastName><ForeName>Ivan G</ForeName><Initials>IG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boyd</LastName><ForeName>James</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Vermont, Burlington.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cambi</LastName><ForeName>Franca</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Kentucky, Lexington.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chou</LastName><ForeName>Kelvin</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Christine</LastName><ForeName>Chadwick W</ForeName><Initials>CW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cines</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dahodwala</LastName><ForeName>Nabila</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Derwent</LastName><ForeName>Lorelei</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dewey</LastName><ForeName>Richard B</ForeName><Initials>RB</Initials><Suffix>Jr</Suffix><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hawthorne</LastName><ForeName>Katherine</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Houghton</LastName><ForeName>David J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kamp</LastName><ForeName>Cornelia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leehey</LastName><ForeName>Maureen</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Colorado Denver, Aurora.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lew</LastName><ForeName>Mark F</ForeName><Initials>MF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liang</LastName><ForeName>Grace S Lin</ForeName><Initials>GS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Sheng T</ForeName><Initials>ST</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mari</LastName><ForeName>Zoltan</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Morgan</LastName><ForeName>John C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Georgia Regents University, Augusta.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Parashos</LastName><ForeName>Sotirios</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Struthers Parkinson's Center, Golden Valley, Minnesota.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pérez</LastName><ForeName>Adriana</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Petrovitch</LastName><ForeName>Helen</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pacific Health Research and Education Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rajan</LastName><ForeName>Suja</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Reichwein</LastName><ForeName>Sue</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roth</LastName><ForeName>Jessie Tatsuno</ForeName><Initials>JT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of California, San Francisco.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneider</LastName><ForeName>Jay S</ForeName><Initials>JS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shannon</LastName><ForeName>Kathleen M</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simon</LastName><ForeName>David K</ForeName><Initials>DK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simuni</LastName><ForeName>Tanya</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Singer</LastName><ForeName>Carlos</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Miami, Miami, Florida.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sudarsky</LastName><ForeName>Lewis</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tanner</LastName><ForeName>Caroline M</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Umeh</LastName><ForeName>Chizoba C</ForeName><Initials>CC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Williams</LastName><ForeName>Karen</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wills</LastName><ForeName>Anne-Marie</ForeName><Initials>AM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>ClinicalTrials.gov</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>NCT00449865</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>UL1 TR000433</GrantID><Acronym>TR</Acronym><Agency>NCATS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>K12 NS066098</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>T32 NS007338</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>K23 AG034236</GrantID><Acronym>AG</Acronym><Agency>NIA NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U10 NS044460</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>NS44504-08</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U10 NS044545</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01NS43128</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>P50 NS091856</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U10 NS044504</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01 NS043128</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R24 MD001779</GrantID><Acronym>MD</Acronym><Agency>NIMHD NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>K23 NS072283</GrantID><Acronym>NS</Acronym><Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016448">Multicenter Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>JAMA</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7501160</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0098-7484</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000978">Antiparkinson Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>MU72812GK0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance 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Version="1">10109801</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000978" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiparkinson Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003401" MajorTopicYN="N">Creatine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000097" MajorTopicYN="N">blood</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018450" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Progression</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004311" MajorTopicYN="N">Double-Blind Method</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004359" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Therapy, Combination</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005500" MajorTopicYN="N">Follow-Up Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055118" MajorTopicYN="N">Medication Adherence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010300" MajorTopicYN="N">Parkinson Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">NIHMS664330</OtherID><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4349346</OtherID><InvestigatorList><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kieburtz</LastName><ForeName>Karl</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tilley</LastName><ForeName>Barbara</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Babcock</LastName><ForeName>Debra</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Galpern</LastName><ForeName>Wendy</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hauser</LastName><ForeName>Robert</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kawai</LastName><ForeName>Connie</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Racette</LastName><ForeName>Brad 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