LRRK2 exonic variants and risk of multiple system atrophy
Identifieur interne : 001956 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001955; suivant : 001957LRRK2 exonic variants and risk of multiple system atrophy
Auteurs : Michael G. Heckman ; Lucia Schottlaender ; Alexandra I. Soto-Ortolaza ; Nancy N. Diehl ; Sruti Rayaprolu ; Kotaro Ogaki ; Shinsuke Fujioka ; Melissa E. Murray ; William P. Cheshire ; Ryan J. Uitti ; Zbigniew K. Wszolek ; Matthew J. Farrer ; Anna Sailer ; Andrew B. Singleton ; Patrick F. Chinnery ; Michael J. Keogh ; Steve M. Gentleman ; Janice L. Holton ; Kiely Aoife ; David M. A. Mann ; Safa Al-Sarraj ; Claire Troakes ; Dennis W. Dickson ; Henry Houlden ; Owen A. RossSource :
- Neurology [ 0028-3878 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between common exonic variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (
One series from the United States (92 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 416 controls) and a second series from the United Kingdom (85 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 352 controls) were included in this case-control study. We supplemented these data with those of 53 patients from the United States with clinically probable or possible MSA. Seventeen common
In the combined series of 177 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA and 768 controls, there was a significant association between LRRK2 p.M2397T and MSA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60,
These findings provide evidence that
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DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001078
PubMed: 25378673
PubMed Central: 4277668
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en"><italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants and risk of multiple system atrophy</title><author><name sortKey="Heckman, Michael G" sort="Heckman, Michael G" uniqKey="Heckman M" first="Michael G." last="Heckman">Michael G. Heckman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schottlaender, Lucia" sort="Schottlaender, Lucia" uniqKey="Schottlaender L" first="Lucia" last="Schottlaender">Lucia Schottlaender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" sort="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" uniqKey="Soto Ortolaza A" first="Alexandra I." last="Soto-Ortolaza">Alexandra I. Soto-Ortolaza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diehl, Nancy N" sort="Diehl, Nancy N" uniqKey="Diehl N" first="Nancy N." last="Diehl">Nancy N. Diehl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rayaprolu, Sruti" sort="Rayaprolu, Sruti" uniqKey="Rayaprolu S" first="Sruti" last="Rayaprolu">Sruti Rayaprolu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogaki, Kotaro" sort="Ogaki, Kotaro" uniqKey="Ogaki K" first="Kotaro" last="Ogaki">Kotaro Ogaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujioka, Shinsuke" sort="Fujioka, Shinsuke" uniqKey="Fujioka S" first="Shinsuke" last="Fujioka">Shinsuke Fujioka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, Melissa E" sort="Murray, Melissa E" uniqKey="Murray M" first="Melissa E." last="Murray">Melissa E. Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheshire, William P" sort="Cheshire, William P" uniqKey="Cheshire W" first="William P." last="Cheshire">William P. Cheshire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uitti, Ryan J" sort="Uitti, Ryan J" uniqKey="Uitti R" first="Ryan J." last="Uitti">Ryan J. Uitti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K." last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farrer, Matthew J" sort="Farrer, Matthew J" uniqKey="Farrer M" first="Matthew J." last="Farrer">Matthew J. Farrer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sailer, Anna" sort="Sailer, Anna" uniqKey="Sailer A" first="Anna" last="Sailer">Anna Sailer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singleton, Andrew B" sort="Singleton, Andrew B" uniqKey="Singleton A" first="Andrew B." last="Singleton">Andrew B. Singleton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chinnery, Patrick F" sort="Chinnery, Patrick F" uniqKey="Chinnery P" first="Patrick F." last="Chinnery">Patrick F. Chinnery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keogh, Michael J" sort="Keogh, Michael J" uniqKey="Keogh M" first="Michael J." last="Keogh">Michael J. Keogh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gentleman, Steve M" sort="Gentleman, Steve M" uniqKey="Gentleman S" first="Steve M." last="Gentleman">Steve M. Gentleman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holton, Janice L" sort="Holton, Janice L" uniqKey="Holton J" first="Janice L." last="Holton">Janice L. Holton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aoife, Kiely" sort="Aoife, Kiely" uniqKey="Aoife K" first="Kiely" last="Aoife">Kiely Aoife</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mann, David M A" sort="Mann, David M A" uniqKey="Mann D" first="David M. A." last="Mann">David M. A. Mann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Sarraj, Safa" sort="Al Sarraj, Safa" uniqKey="Al Sarraj S" first="Safa" last="Al-Sarraj">Safa Al-Sarraj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Troakes, Claire" sort="Troakes, Claire" uniqKey="Troakes C" first="Claire" last="Troakes">Claire Troakes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dickson, Dennis W" sort="Dickson, Dennis W" uniqKey="Dickson D" first="Dennis W." last="Dickson">Dennis W. Dickson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Houlden, Henry" sort="Houlden, Henry" uniqKey="Houlden H" first="Henry" last="Houlden">Henry Houlden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Owen A" sort="Ross, Owen A" uniqKey="Ross O" first="Owen A." last="Ross">Owen A. Ross</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25378673</idno><idno type="pmc">4277668</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4277668</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4277668</idno><idno type="doi">10.1212/WNL.0000000000001078</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000621</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000621</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000621</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000621</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000548</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000548</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001956</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants and risk of multiple system atrophy</title><author><name sortKey="Heckman, Michael G" sort="Heckman, Michael G" uniqKey="Heckman M" first="Michael G." last="Heckman">Michael G. Heckman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schottlaender, Lucia" sort="Schottlaender, Lucia" uniqKey="Schottlaender L" first="Lucia" last="Schottlaender">Lucia Schottlaender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" sort="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" uniqKey="Soto Ortolaza A" first="Alexandra I." last="Soto-Ortolaza">Alexandra I. Soto-Ortolaza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diehl, Nancy N" sort="Diehl, Nancy N" uniqKey="Diehl N" first="Nancy N." last="Diehl">Nancy N. Diehl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rayaprolu, Sruti" sort="Rayaprolu, Sruti" uniqKey="Rayaprolu S" first="Sruti" last="Rayaprolu">Sruti Rayaprolu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ogaki, Kotaro" sort="Ogaki, Kotaro" uniqKey="Ogaki K" first="Kotaro" last="Ogaki">Kotaro Ogaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujioka, Shinsuke" sort="Fujioka, Shinsuke" uniqKey="Fujioka S" first="Shinsuke" last="Fujioka">Shinsuke Fujioka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, Melissa E" sort="Murray, Melissa E" uniqKey="Murray M" first="Melissa E." last="Murray">Melissa E. Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheshire, William P" sort="Cheshire, William P" uniqKey="Cheshire W" first="William P." last="Cheshire">William P. Cheshire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uitti, Ryan J" sort="Uitti, Ryan J" uniqKey="Uitti R" first="Ryan J." last="Uitti">Ryan J. Uitti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K." last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farrer, Matthew J" sort="Farrer, Matthew J" uniqKey="Farrer M" first="Matthew J." last="Farrer">Matthew J. Farrer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sailer, Anna" sort="Sailer, Anna" uniqKey="Sailer A" first="Anna" last="Sailer">Anna Sailer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singleton, Andrew B" sort="Singleton, Andrew B" uniqKey="Singleton A" first="Andrew B." last="Singleton">Andrew B. Singleton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chinnery, Patrick F" sort="Chinnery, Patrick F" uniqKey="Chinnery P" first="Patrick F." last="Chinnery">Patrick F. Chinnery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keogh, Michael J" sort="Keogh, Michael J" uniqKey="Keogh M" first="Michael J." last="Keogh">Michael J. Keogh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gentleman, Steve M" sort="Gentleman, Steve M" uniqKey="Gentleman S" first="Steve M." last="Gentleman">Steve M. Gentleman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holton, Janice L" sort="Holton, Janice L" uniqKey="Holton J" first="Janice L." last="Holton">Janice L. Holton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aoife, Kiely" sort="Aoife, Kiely" uniqKey="Aoife K" first="Kiely" last="Aoife">Kiely Aoife</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mann, David M A" sort="Mann, David M A" uniqKey="Mann D" first="David M. A." last="Mann">David M. A. Mann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Sarraj, Safa" sort="Al Sarraj, Safa" uniqKey="Al Sarraj S" first="Safa" last="Al-Sarraj">Safa Al-Sarraj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Troakes, Claire" sort="Troakes, Claire" uniqKey="Troakes C" first="Claire" last="Troakes">Claire Troakes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dickson, Dennis W" sort="Dickson, Dennis W" uniqKey="Dickson D" first="Dennis W." last="Dickson">Dennis W. Dickson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Houlden, Henry" sort="Houlden, Henry" uniqKey="Houlden H" first="Henry" last="Houlden">Henry Houlden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, Owen A" sort="Ross, Owen A" uniqKey="Ross O" first="Owen A." last="Ross">Owen A. Ross</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neurology</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-3878</idno><idno type="eISSN">1526-632X</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective:</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between common exonic variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (<italic>LRRK2</italic>) gene and risk of multiple system atrophy (MSA).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>One series from the United States (92 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 416 controls) and a second series from the United Kingdom (85 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 352 controls) were included in this case-control study. We supplemented these data with those of 53 patients from the United States with clinically probable or possible MSA. Seventeen common <italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants were genotyped and assessed for association with MSA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>In the combined series of 177 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA and 768 controls, there was a significant association between LRRK2 p.M2397T and MSA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, <italic>p</italic> = 0.002). This protective effect was observed more strongly in the US series (OR = 0.46, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0008) than the UK series (OR = 0.82, <italic>p</italic> = 0.41). We observed other noteworthy associations with MSA for p.G1624G (OR = 0.63, <italic>p</italic> = 0.006) and p.N2081D (OR = 0.15, <italic>p</italic> = 0.010). The p.G1624G-M2397T haplotype was significantly associated with MSA in the US series (<italic>p</italic> < 0.0001) and combined series (<italic>p</italic> = 0.003) but not the UK series (<italic>p</italic> = 0.67). Results were consistent when additionally including the US patients with clinical MSA, where the strongest single-variant association was again observed for p.M2397T (OR = 0.59, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0005).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions:</title><p>These findings provide evidence that <italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants may contribute to susceptibility to MSA. Validation in other series and meta-analytic studies will be important.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Neurology</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Neurology</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">neurology</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neur</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">neurology</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">NEUROLOGY</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Neurology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0028-3878</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1526-632X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Hagerstown, MD</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25378673</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4277668</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">NEUROLOGY2014601492</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1212/WNL.0000000000001078</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>95</subject><subject>165</subject><subject>172</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title><italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants and risk of multiple system atrophy</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Heckman</surname><given-names>Michael G.</given-names></name><degrees>MS</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schottlaender</surname><given-names>Lucia</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial 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Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Soto-Ortolaza</surname><given-names>Alexandra 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list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rayaprolu</surname><given-names>Sruti</given-names></name><degrees>BS</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ogaki</surname><given-names>Kotaro</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fujioka</surname><given-names>Shinsuke</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Murray</surname><given-names>Melissa E.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>BMC Neurology, Associate Editor, first year</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cheshire</surname><given-names>William P.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>American Academy of Neurology, honorarium for teaching at annual meeting courses</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>American Academy of Neurology, honorarium for writing Neuro SAE examination questions</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>National Institutes of Health, Autonomic Rare Diseases Clinical Research Consortium, 6102, Principal Investigator, 2011-2013</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>Mayo Clinic, Program in Professionalism & Ethics, Principal Investigator, 2013-2014</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uitti</surname><given-names>Ryan J.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Associate Editor - NEUROLOGY</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>LRRK2 - Mayo Clinic</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>ANS/St. Jude Medical - 2005-present research study</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NINDS - Udall Center 2004-present</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>PARFF - 2008-2009</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wszolek</surname><given-names>Zbigniew K.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Parkinsonism and Related Disorder, Co-Editor-in Chief, 2008-present; European Journal of Neurology, Regional Editor, 2007-present; Medical Journal of the Rzeszow University and the National Medicines Institute, Editorial Board member, 2005-present; Clinical and Experimental Medical Letters, Editorial Board member, 2006-present.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>Identification of Mutations in PARK8, a Locus for Familial Parkinson's Disease, Mayo Clinic case #2004-185; Identification of a Novel LRRK2 Mutation, 6055G>A (G2019S), Linked to Autosomal Dominant Parkinsonism in Families from Several European Populations, Mayo Clinic case #2004-291</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, Elsevier, 2013, 2014; European Journal of Neurology, Wiley-Blackwell, 2013, 2014</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NIH/NINDS P50 NS072187, NIH/NIA/NINDS U01AG045390</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>Mayo Clinic Center for Regenerative Medicine</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>The gift from Carl Edward Bolch, Jr., and Susan Bass Bolch</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>Mayo Clinic and I have a financial interest in technologies entitled, �Identification of Mutations in PARK8, a Locus for Familial Parkinson's Disease� and �Identification of a Novel LRRK2 Mutation, 6055G>A (G2019S), Linked to Autosomal Dominant Parkinsonism in Families from Several European Populations�. Those technologies have been licensed to a commercial entity, and to date, I have received royalties through Mayo Clinic in accordance with its royalty sharing policies.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Farrer</surname><given-names>Matthew J.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>Michael J. Fox Foundation, SAB member since 2002 Parkinson's Society Canada, SAB member since 2011 EURAC, SAB member since 2013</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Neurobiology of Disease, editorial board member, 2006- 2008 Parkinsonism & related disorders, editorial board member, 2008-present</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>Lrrk2 gene and mutations. a)International Publication Number WO 2006/045392 A2; (b) International Publication Number WO 2006/068492 A1; (c) US Patent Number 7,544,786; and (d) Norwegian patent 323175 -provisionally filed in 2004-2005</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>Bristol-Myers-Squibb Genentech</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>Sponsored research agreement between Lundbeck Inc. and Mayo, for Lrrk2 mouse model characterization, 2008-2011</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NIH, NS40256, Project and Core PI, 2004-2009 Canadian Federal Government (CERC, CFI, CIHR)</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation, Core PI, 2008-2009 Michael J Fox Foundation, LEAPS PI, 2008-2009, 2010-2012 Cunhill Foundation 2012-2016</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>Lundbeck Inc. for Lrrk2 mouse model characterization, 2008-2013 Isis Pharma. for SNCA mouse model, 2014</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sailer</surname><given-names>Anna</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singleton</surname><given-names>Andrew B.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>(1) 23andMe, travel payment</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>No financial compensation, but serve on: Annals of Neurology Lancet Neurology Neurogenetics Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Journal of Parkinson's Disease</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>Patent pending for panel of markers to diagnose stroke</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NIH Intramural funding Department of Defense, W81XWH-09-2-0128, PI, 2009-2011</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chinnery</surname><given-names>Patrick F.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>BRAIN, Associate Editor 2004</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>Medical Research Council (UK)</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>Wellcome Trust</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Keogh</surname><given-names>Michael J.</given-names></name><degrees>BMBS</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gentleman</surname><given-names>Steve M.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, executive editor, 2013- Journal of Neuroinflammation, editorial board member, 2004- International Scholarly Research Notices: Neurology, editorial board member, 2012- Frontiers in Neurodegeneration, review editor , 2012-</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Holton</surname><given-names>Janice L.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>1. Merck-Serono. Agreement to cover travel expenses to give a seminar in Geneva 8.4.2011.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Member of the editorial board Neuropathology Applied Neurobiology 2007- present Executive Editor Neuropathology Applied Neurobiology 2012- 2014 Editor-in-Chief Neuropathology Applied Neurobiology 2014</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>University College London, full time employment.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>Alzheimer�s Research Trust. January 2008 � December 2010 The Margaret Watson Memorial Trust Grant from The Sarah Matheson Trust. January 2008 � December 2008 Action Medical Research November 2007 � October 2009 Brain Net Europe: Support for the Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders July 2007 � June 2009 The Sarah Matheson Trust. January 2009 � December 2011 Myositis Support Group June 2009 � May 2010 The Multiple System Atrophy Trust. August 2012 � July 2014 Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson�s Research December 2010 � November 2011 July 2014-2015 Alzheimer�s Research UK March 2012 - February 2013</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aoife</surname><given-names>Kiely</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mann</surname><given-names>David M.A.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Acta Neuropathologica, Editorial Advisory Board Member, 2009-2014</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>Medical Research Council, Principal Investigator, 2011- 2015</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>Alzheimers Society Alzheimers Research UK</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Al-Sarraj</surname><given-names>Safa</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Troakes</surname><given-names>Claire</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dickson</surname><given-names>Dennis W.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>Neotope, South San Francisco</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Editorial board member of: Acta Neuropathologica, Brain Pathology, Neurobiology of Aging, Annals of Neurology, Neuropathology, International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>P50 NS072187 [Center Director, Project PI and Core Leader]; P50 AG016574 [Core Leader]; P01 AG003949 [Project PI and Core Leader]; R01 AG037491 [Co-I]; R01 NS077402 [Co-I]; R01 AG040042 [Co-I]; R01 NS080820 [Co- I]; U01AG046139 [Co-I]; R21 NS084528 [Co-I]</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>Cure PSP/Society for PSP Mangurian Foundation</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Houlden</surname><given-names>Henry</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>My laboratory is funded by: The Medical Research Council (MRC) UK, The BRT, The Wellcome Trust and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) UCLH/UCL Biomedical Research Centre.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>My laboratory is funded by: The Dystonia Medical Research Foundation (DMRF), The Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF), National Organisation for Rare Disorders (NORD) and The Brain Research Trust (BRT).</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ross</surname><given-names>Owen A.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><author-comment content-type="disclosure"><p><list list-type="order"><title>Scientific Advisory Boards:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Gifts:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Editorial Boards:</title><list-item><p>Open Longevity Science , Editorial Board, 2008-present PLoS ONE, Editorial Board, 2010-present Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, Editorial Board, 2012- present American Journal of Neurodegenerative disease, Senior Editorial Board, 2012-present</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Patents:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Publishing Royalties:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Employment, Commercial Entity:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Consultancies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Speakers' Bureaus:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Other Activities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Commercial Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Government Entities:</title><list-item><p>(1) NINDS Udall Parkinson's Disease Research Center of Excellence P50 #NS072187; 2012-1017. (2)NINDS R01 NS078086; 2012-2017.</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Academic Entities:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Research Support, Foundations and Societies:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p><p><list list-type="order"><title>Legal Proceedings:</title><list-item><p>NONE</p></list-item></list></p></author-comment></contrib><aff>From the Section of Biostatistics (M.G.H., N.N.D.) and Departments of Neuroscience (A.I.S.-O., S.R., K.O., M.E.M., D.W.D., O.A.R.) and Neurology (S.F., W.P.C., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (L.S., A.S., H.H.), Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK; Department of Medical Genetics (M.J.F.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Laboratory of Neurogenetics (A.B.S.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Institute of Genetic Medicine (P.F.C., M.J.K.), Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne; Neuropathology Unit (S.M.G.), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London; Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders (J.L.H., K.A.), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London; Clinical and Cognitive Sciences Research Group (D.M.A.M.), Institute of Brain, Behavior and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford; and MRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank (S.A.-S., C.T.), King's College London, UK.</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence to Michael G. Heckman: <email>heckman.michael@mayo.edu</email></corresp><fn fn-type="financial-disclosure"><p>Go to <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://neurology.org/">Neurology.org</ext-link> for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>9</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>9</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 6 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>83</volume><issue>24</issue><fpage>2256</fpage><lpage>2261</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>10</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 American Academy of Neurology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Academy of Neurology</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="NEUROLOGY2014601492.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective:</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between common exonic variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (<italic>LRRK2</italic>) gene and risk of multiple system atrophy (MSA).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>One series from the United States (92 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 416 controls) and a second series from the United Kingdom (85 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA, 352 controls) were included in this case-control study. We supplemented these data with those of 53 patients from the United States with clinically probable or possible MSA. Seventeen common <italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants were genotyped and assessed for association with MSA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>In the combined series of 177 patients with pathologically confirmed MSA and 768 controls, there was a significant association between LRRK2 p.M2397T and MSA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, <italic>p</italic> = 0.002). This protective effect was observed more strongly in the US series (OR = 0.46, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0008) than the UK series (OR = 0.82, <italic>p</italic> = 0.41). We observed other noteworthy associations with MSA for p.G1624G (OR = 0.63, <italic>p</italic> = 0.006) and p.N2081D (OR = 0.15, <italic>p</italic> = 0.010). The p.G1624G-M2397T haplotype was significantly associated with MSA in the US series (<italic>p</italic> < 0.0001) and combined series (<italic>p</italic> = 0.003) but not the UK series (<italic>p</italic> = 0.67). Results were consistent when additionally including the US patients with clinical MSA, where the strongest single-variant association was again observed for p.M2397T (OR = 0.59, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0005).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions:</title><p>These findings provide evidence that <italic>LRRK2</italic> exonic variants may contribute to susceptibility to MSA. Validation in other series and meta-analytic studies will be important.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Al Sarraj, Safa" sort="Al Sarraj, Safa" uniqKey="Al Sarraj S" first="Safa" last="Al-Sarraj">Safa Al-Sarraj</name><name sortKey="Aoife, Kiely" sort="Aoife, Kiely" uniqKey="Aoife K" first="Kiely" last="Aoife">Kiely Aoife</name><name sortKey="Cheshire, William P" sort="Cheshire, William P" uniqKey="Cheshire W" first="William P." last="Cheshire">William P. Cheshire</name><name sortKey="Chinnery, Patrick F" sort="Chinnery, Patrick F" uniqKey="Chinnery P" first="Patrick F." last="Chinnery">Patrick F. Chinnery</name><name sortKey="Dickson, Dennis W" sort="Dickson, Dennis W" uniqKey="Dickson D" first="Dennis W." last="Dickson">Dennis W. Dickson</name><name sortKey="Diehl, Nancy N" sort="Diehl, Nancy N" uniqKey="Diehl N" first="Nancy N." last="Diehl">Nancy N. Diehl</name><name sortKey="Farrer, Matthew J" sort="Farrer, Matthew J" uniqKey="Farrer M" first="Matthew J." last="Farrer">Matthew J. Farrer</name><name sortKey="Fujioka, Shinsuke" sort="Fujioka, Shinsuke" uniqKey="Fujioka S" first="Shinsuke" last="Fujioka">Shinsuke Fujioka</name><name sortKey="Gentleman, Steve M" sort="Gentleman, Steve M" uniqKey="Gentleman S" first="Steve M." last="Gentleman">Steve M. Gentleman</name><name sortKey="Heckman, Michael G" sort="Heckman, Michael G" uniqKey="Heckman M" first="Michael G." last="Heckman">Michael G. Heckman</name><name sortKey="Holton, Janice L" sort="Holton, Janice L" uniqKey="Holton J" first="Janice L." last="Holton">Janice L. Holton</name><name sortKey="Houlden, Henry" sort="Houlden, Henry" uniqKey="Houlden H" first="Henry" last="Houlden">Henry Houlden</name><name sortKey="Keogh, Michael J" sort="Keogh, Michael J" uniqKey="Keogh M" first="Michael J." last="Keogh">Michael J. Keogh</name><name sortKey="Mann, David M A" sort="Mann, David M A" uniqKey="Mann D" first="David M. A." last="Mann">David M. A. Mann</name><name sortKey="Murray, Melissa E" sort="Murray, Melissa E" uniqKey="Murray M" first="Melissa E." last="Murray">Melissa E. Murray</name><name sortKey="Ogaki, Kotaro" sort="Ogaki, Kotaro" uniqKey="Ogaki K" first="Kotaro" last="Ogaki">Kotaro Ogaki</name><name sortKey="Rayaprolu, Sruti" sort="Rayaprolu, Sruti" uniqKey="Rayaprolu S" first="Sruti" last="Rayaprolu">Sruti Rayaprolu</name><name sortKey="Ross, Owen A" sort="Ross, Owen A" uniqKey="Ross O" first="Owen A." last="Ross">Owen A. Ross</name><name sortKey="Sailer, Anna" sort="Sailer, Anna" uniqKey="Sailer A" first="Anna" last="Sailer">Anna Sailer</name><name sortKey="Schottlaender, Lucia" sort="Schottlaender, Lucia" uniqKey="Schottlaender L" first="Lucia" last="Schottlaender">Lucia Schottlaender</name><name sortKey="Singleton, Andrew B" sort="Singleton, Andrew B" uniqKey="Singleton A" first="Andrew B." last="Singleton">Andrew B. Singleton</name><name sortKey="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" sort="Soto Ortolaza, Alexandra I" uniqKey="Soto Ortolaza A" first="Alexandra I." last="Soto-Ortolaza">Alexandra I. Soto-Ortolaza</name><name sortKey="Troakes, Claire" sort="Troakes, Claire" uniqKey="Troakes C" first="Claire" last="Troakes">Claire Troakes</name><name sortKey="Uitti, Ryan J" sort="Uitti, Ryan J" uniqKey="Uitti R" first="Ryan J." last="Uitti">Ryan J. Uitti</name><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K." last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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