Tauopathies with parkinsonism: clinical spectrum, neuropathologic basis, biological markers, and treatment options
Identifieur interne : 000A60 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000A59; suivant : 000A61Tauopathies with parkinsonism: clinical spectrum, neuropathologic basis, biological markers, and treatment options
Auteurs : A. C. Ludolph [Allemagne] ; J. Kassubek [Allemagne] ; B. G. Landwehrmeyer [Allemagne] ; E. Mandelkow [Allemagne] ; E.-M. Mandelkow [Allemagne] ; D. J. Burn [Royaume-Uni] ; D. Caparros-Lefebvre [France] ; K. A. Frey [États-Unis] ; J. G. De Yebenes [Espagne] ; T. Gasser [Allemagne] ; P. Heutink [Pays-Bas] ; G. Höglinger [Allemagne] ; Z. Jamrozik [Pologne] ; K. A. Jellinger [Autriche] ; A. Kazantsev [États-Unis] ; H. Kretzschmar [Allemagne] ; A. E. Lang [Canada] ; I. Litvan [États-Unis] ; J. J. Lucas [Espagne] ; P. L. Mcgeer [Canada] ; S. Melquist [États-Unis] ; W. Oertel [Allemagne] ; M. Otto [Allemagne] ; D. Paviour [Royaume-Uni] ; T. Reum [Allemagne] ; A. Saint-Raymond [Royaume-Uni] ; J. C. Steele ; M. Tolnay [Suisse] ; H. Tumani [Allemagne] ; J. C. Van Swieten [Pays-Bas] ; M. T. Vanier [France] ; J.-P. Vonsattel [États-Unis] ; S. Wagner [Allemagne] ; Z. K. Wszolek [États-Unis]Source :
- European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies [ 1351-5101 ] ; 2009.
Abstract
Tauopathies with parkinsonism represent a spectrum of disease entities unified by the pathologic accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein fragments within the central nervous system. These pathologic characteristics suggest shared pathogenetic pathways and possible molecular targets for disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Natural history studies, for instance, in progressive supranuclear palsy, frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, corticobasal degeneration, and Niemann-Pick disease type C as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinson–dementia complex permit clinical characterization of the disease phenotypes and are crucial to the development and validation of biological markers for differential diagnostics and disease monitoring, for example, by use of neuroimaging or proteomic approaches. The wide pathologic and clinical spectrum of the tauopathies with parkinsonism is reviewed in this article, and perspectives on future advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis are given, together with potential therapeutic strategies.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02513.x
PubMed: 19364361
PubMed Central: 2847416
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Kretzschmar</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A13">Institut für Neuropathologie, BrainNet (German Brain Bank), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Neuropathologie, BrainNet (German Brain Bank), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, A E" sort="Lang, A E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="A. E." last="Lang">A. E. 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Lucas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A16">Centro de Biologica Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and CiberNed, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Centro de Biologica Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and CiberNed, Cantoblanco, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgeer, P L" sort="Mcgeer, P L" uniqKey="Mcgeer P" first="P. L." last="Mcgeer">P. L. 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Oertel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Otto, M" sort="Otto, M" uniqKey="Otto M" first="M." last="Otto">M. Otto</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paviour, D" sort="Paviour, D" uniqKey="Paviour D" first="D." last="Paviour">D. Paviour</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A19">National Hospital for Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, London, England</nlm:aff><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><region type="country">Angleterre</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>National Hospital for Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, London</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reum, T" sort="Reum, T" uniqKey="Reum T" first="T." last="Reum">T. Reum</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A20">Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel & Medizinprodukte, Wissenschaftlicher Service/Klinische Prüfungen, Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel & Medizinprodukte, Wissenschaftlicher Service/Klinische Prüfungen, Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saint Raymond, A" sort="Saint Raymond, A" uniqKey="Saint Raymond A" first="A." last="Saint-Raymond">A. Saint-Raymond</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">European Medicines Agency (EMEA), Scientific Advice and Orphan Drugs Sector, 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London, England</nlm:aff><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><region type="country">Angleterre</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>European Medicines Agency (EMEA), Scientific Advice and Orphan Drugs Sector, 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steele, J C" sort="Steele, J C" uniqKey="Steele J" first="J. C." last="Steele">J. C. Steele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Guam Memorial Hospital, Neurology, Carlos Camacho Way, Tamuning, Guam</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Guam</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolnay, M" sort="Tolnay, M" uniqKey="Tolnay M" first="M." last="Tolnay">M. Tolnay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A23">Institut für Pathologie, Schönbeinstrasse, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Pathologie, Schönbeinstrasse, Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumani, H" sort="Tumani, H" uniqKey="Tumani H" first="H." last="Tumani">H. Tumani</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Swieten, J C" sort="Van Swieten, J C" uniqKey="Van Swieten J" first="J. C." last="Van Swieten">J. C. Van Swieten</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein, GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein, GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>GD Rotterdam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanier, M T" sort="Vanier, M T" uniqKey="Vanier M" first="M. T." last="Vanier">M. T. Vanier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A25">Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 820, Laeënnec Medical School, Lyon, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 820, Laeënnec Medical School, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vonsattel, J P" sort="Vonsattel, J P" uniqKey="Vonsattel J" first="J.-P." last="Vonsattel">J.-P. Vonsattel</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A26">New York Brain Bank, Columbia University, Pathology, Babies Hospital, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>New York Brain Bank, Columbia University, Pathology, Babies Hospital, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, S" sort="Wagner, S" uniqKey="Wagner S" first="S." last="Wagner">S. Wagner</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Deutsche PSP-Gesellschaft e.V. (PSP Germany), c/o S. Wagner, Könneritzstrasse, Leipzig, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Deutsche PSP-Gesellschaft e.V. (PSP Germany), c/o S. Wagner, Könneritzstrasse, Leipzig</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Leipzig</region><settlement type="city">Leipzig</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Z K" sort="Wszolek, Z K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Z. K." last="Wszolek">Z. K. Wszolek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A28">Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>FL</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19364361</idno><idno type="pmc">2847416</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2847416</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2847416</idno><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02513.x</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000449</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000449</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000449</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000449</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000A90</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000A90</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000A60</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Tauopathies with parkinsonism: clinical spectrum, neuropathologic basis, biological markers, and treatment options</title><author><name sortKey="Ludolph, A C" sort="Ludolph, A C" uniqKey="Ludolph A" first="A. C." last="Ludolph">A. C. Ludolph</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kassubek, J" sort="Kassubek, J" uniqKey="Kassubek J" first="J." last="Kassubek">J. Kassubek</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Landwehrmeyer, B G" sort="Landwehrmeyer, B G" uniqKey="Landwehrmeyer B" first="B. G." last="Landwehrmeyer">B. G. Landwehrmeyer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mandelkow, E" sort="Mandelkow, E" uniqKey="Mandelkow E" first="E." last="Mandelkow">E. Mandelkow</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Max Planck Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, Notkestr, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max Planck Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, Notkestr, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mandelkow, E M" sort="Mandelkow, E M" uniqKey="Mandelkow E" first="E.-M." last="Mandelkow">E.-M. Mandelkow</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">Max Planck Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, Notkestr, Hamburg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max Planck Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, Notkestr, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burn, D J" sort="Burn, D J" uniqKey="Burn D" first="D. J." last="Burn">D. J. Burn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A3">Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Newcastle upon Tyne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caparros Lefebvre, D" sort="Caparros Lefebvre, D" uniqKey="Caparros Lefebvre D" first="D." last="Caparros-Lefebvre">D. Caparros-Lefebvre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A4">Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Résidence du Val d'Escaut, Avenue Desandrouin, Valenciennes, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Résidence du Val d'Escaut, Avenue Desandrouin, Valenciennes</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Valenciennes</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frey, K A" sort="Frey, K A" uniqKey="Frey K" first="K. A." last="Frey">K. A. Frey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A5">University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>MI</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Yebenes, J G" sort="De Yebenes, J G" uniqKey="De Yebenes J" first="J. G." last="De Yebenes">J. G. De Yebenes</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A6">Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Neurology, Carretera Colmenar, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Neurology, Carretera Colmenar, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasser, T" sort="Gasser, T" uniqKey="Gasser T" first="T." last="Gasser">T. Gasser</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A7">Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Zentrum für Neurologie, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse, Tübingen, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Zentrum für Neurologie, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse, Tübingen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Tübingen</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heutink, P" sort="Heutink, P" uniqKey="Heutink P" first="P." last="Heutink">P. Heutink</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A8">VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics and Anthropogenet, van der Boechorststraat, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics and Anthropogenet, van der Boechorststraat, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoglinger, G" sort="Hoglinger, G" uniqKey="Hoglinger G" first="G." last="Höglinger">G. Höglinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jamrozik, Z" sort="Jamrozik, Z" uniqKey="Jamrozik Z" first="Z." last="Jamrozik">Z. Jamrozik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Medical University of Warsaw, Neurology, Banacha, Warsaw, Poland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical University of Warsaw, Neurology, Banacha, Warsaw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Warsaw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jellinger, K A" sort="Jellinger, K A" uniqKey="Jellinger K" first="K. A." last="Jellinger">K. A. Jellinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A11">Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Kenyongasse, Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Kenyongasse, Vienna</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Vienne (Autriche)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kazantsev, A" sort="Kazantsev, A" uniqKey="Kazantsev A" first="A." last="Kazantsev">A. Kazantsev</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A12">Massachusetts General Hospital, MIND/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Massachusetts General Hospital, MIND/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>MA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kretzschmar, H" sort="Kretzschmar, H" uniqKey="Kretzschmar H" first="H." last="Kretzschmar">H. Kretzschmar</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A13">Institut für Neuropathologie, BrainNet (German Brain Bank), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse, Munich, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Neuropathologie, BrainNet (German Brain Bank), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, A E" sort="Lang, A E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="A. E." last="Lang">A. E. Lang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A14">Toronto Western Hospital, Movement Disorders Center, Toronto, ON, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Toronto Western Hospital, Movement Disorders Center, Toronto, ON</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>ON</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Litvan, I" sort="Litvan, I" uniqKey="Litvan I" first="I." last="Litvan">I. Litvan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A15">University of Louisville, School of Medicine/Department of Neurology, Louisville, KY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Louisville, School of Medicine/Department of Neurology, Louisville, KY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>KY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lucas, J J" sort="Lucas, J J" uniqKey="Lucas J" first="J. J." last="Lucas">J. J. Lucas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A16">Centro de Biologica Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and CiberNed, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Centro de Biologica Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and CiberNed, Cantoblanco, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgeer, P L" sort="Mcgeer, P L" uniqKey="Mcgeer P" first="P. L." last="Mcgeer">P. L. Mcgeer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A17">University of British Columbia, Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of British Columbia, Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Vancouver, BC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Melquist, S" sort="Melquist, S" uniqKey="Melquist S" first="S." last="Melquist">S. Melquist</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A18">Mayo Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Jacksonville, FL, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Mayo Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Jacksonville, FL</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>FL</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oertel, W" sort="Oertel, W" uniqKey="Oertel W" first="W." last="Oertel">W. Oertel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A9">Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Giessen</region><settlement type="city">Marbourg</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Otto, M" sort="Otto, M" uniqKey="Otto M" first="M." last="Otto">M. Otto</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paviour, D" sort="Paviour, D" uniqKey="Paviour D" first="D." last="Paviour">D. Paviour</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A19">National Hospital for Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, London, England</nlm:aff><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><region type="country">Angleterre</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>National Hospital for Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, London</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reum, T" sort="Reum, T" uniqKey="Reum T" first="T." last="Reum">T. Reum</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A20">Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel & Medizinprodukte, Wissenschaftlicher Service/Klinische Prüfungen, Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel & Medizinprodukte, Wissenschaftlicher Service/Klinische Prüfungen, Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saint Raymond, A" sort="Saint Raymond, A" uniqKey="Saint Raymond A" first="A." last="Saint-Raymond">A. Saint-Raymond</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A21">European Medicines Agency (EMEA), Scientific Advice and Orphan Drugs Sector, 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London, England</nlm:aff><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><region type="country">Angleterre</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>European Medicines Agency (EMEA), Scientific Advice and Orphan Drugs Sector, 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steele, J C" sort="Steele, J C" uniqKey="Steele J" first="J. C." last="Steele">J. C. Steele</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">Guam Memorial Hospital, Neurology, Carlos Camacho Way, Tamuning, Guam</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Guam</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolnay, M" sort="Tolnay, M" uniqKey="Tolnay M" first="M." last="Tolnay">M. Tolnay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A23">Institut für Pathologie, Schönbeinstrasse, Basel, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Pathologie, Schönbeinstrasse, Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumani, H" sort="Tumani, H" uniqKey="Tumani H" first="H." last="Tumani">H. Tumani</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Swieten, J C" sort="Van Swieten, J C" uniqKey="Van Swieten J" first="J. C." last="Van Swieten">J. C. Van Swieten</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A24">University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein, GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein, GD Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>GD Rotterdam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanier, M T" sort="Vanier, M T" uniqKey="Vanier M" first="M. T." last="Vanier">M. T. Vanier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A25">Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 820, Laeënnec Medical School, Lyon, France</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 820, Laeënnec Medical School, Lyon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vonsattel, J P" sort="Vonsattel, J P" uniqKey="Vonsattel J" first="J.-P." last="Vonsattel">J.-P. Vonsattel</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A26">New York Brain Bank, Columbia University, Pathology, Babies Hospital, New York, NY, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>New York Brain Bank, Columbia University, Pathology, Babies Hospital, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">New York</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, S" sort="Wagner, S" uniqKey="Wagner S" first="S." last="Wagner">S. Wagner</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A27">Deutsche PSP-Gesellschaft e.V. (PSP Germany), c/o S. Wagner, Könneritzstrasse, Leipzig, Germany</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Deutsche PSP-Gesellschaft e.V. (PSP Germany), c/o S. Wagner, Könneritzstrasse, Leipzig</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Leipzig</region><settlement type="city">Leipzig</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Z K" sort="Wszolek, Z K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Z. K." last="Wszolek">Z. K. Wszolek</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A28">Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>FL</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies</title><idno type="ISSN">1351-5101</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-1331</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P2">Tauopathies with parkinsonism represent a spectrum of disease entities unified by the pathologic accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein fragments within the central nervous system. These pathologic characteristics suggest shared pathogenetic pathways and possible molecular targets for disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Natural history studies, for instance, in progressive supranuclear palsy, frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, corticobasal degeneration, and Niemann-Pick disease type C as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinson–dementia complex permit clinical characterization of the disease phenotypes and are crucial to the development and validation of biological markers for differential diagnostics and disease monitoring, for example, by use of neuroimaging or proteomic approaches. The wide pathologic and clinical spectrum of the tauopathies with parkinsonism is reviewed in this article, and perspectives on future advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis are given, together with potential therapeutic strategies.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="EN"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9506311</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">20870</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Eur J Neurol</journal-id><journal-title>European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">1351-5101</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1468-1331</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">19364361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2847416</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02513.x</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS116929</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Tauopathies with parkinsonism: clinical spectrum, neuropathologic basis, biological markers, and treatment options</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ludolph</surname><given-names>A. C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kassubek</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Landwehrmeyer</surname><given-names>B. G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mandelkow</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mandelkow</surname><given-names>E.-M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Burn</surname><given-names>D. J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Caparros-Lefebvre</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">d</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Frey</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">e</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Yebenes</surname><given-names>J. G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">f</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gasser</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">g</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Heutink</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">h</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Höglinger</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">i</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jamrozik</surname><given-names>Z.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">j</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jellinger</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">k</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kazantsev</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">l</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kretzschmar</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">m</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lang</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">n</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Litvan</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">o</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lucas</surname><given-names>J. J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">p</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McGeer</surname><given-names>P. L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">q</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Melquist</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">r</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oertel</surname><given-names>W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">i</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Otto</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Paviour</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">s</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reum</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A20">t</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Saint-Raymond</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">u</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Steele</surname><given-names>J. C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A22">v</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tolnay</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A23">w</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tumani</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>van Swieten</surname><given-names>J. C.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A24">x</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vanier</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A25">y</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vonsattel</surname><given-names>J.-P.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A26">z</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wagner</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A27">aa</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wszolek</surname><given-names>Z. K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A28">bb</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>for the Reisensburg Working Group for Tauopathies With Parkinsonism</collab></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>a</label>Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany</aff><aff id="A2"><label>b</label>Max Planck Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, Notkestr, Hamburg, Germany</aff><aff id="A3"><label>c</label>Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</aff><aff id="A4"><label>d</label>Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Résidence du Val d'Escaut, Avenue Desandrouin, Valenciennes, France</aff><aff id="A5"><label>e</label>University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA</aff><aff id="A6"><label>f</label>Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Neurology, Carretera Colmenar, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="A7"><label>g</label>Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Zentrum für Neurologie, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse, Tübingen, Germany</aff><aff id="A8"><label>h</label>VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics and Anthropogenet, van der Boechorststraat, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A9"><label>i</label>Philipps-Universität, Neurologie, Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse, Marburg, Germany</aff><aff id="A10"><label>j</label>Medical University of Warsaw, Neurology, Banacha, Warsaw, Poland</aff><aff id="A11"><label>k</label>Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Kenyongasse, Vienna, Austria</aff><aff id="A12"><label>l</label>Massachusetts General Hospital, MIND/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>m</label>Institut für Neuropathologie, BrainNet (German Brain Bank), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse, Munich, Germany</aff><aff id="A14"><label>n</label>Toronto Western Hospital, Movement Disorders Center, Toronto, ON, Canada</aff><aff id="A15"><label>o</label>University of Louisville, School of Medicine/Department of Neurology, Louisville, KY, USA</aff><aff id="A16"><label>p</label>Centro de Biologica Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and CiberNed, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain</aff><aff id="A17"><label>q</label>University of British Columbia, Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada</aff><aff id="A18"><label>r</label>Mayo Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Jacksonville, FL, USA</aff><aff id="A19"><label>s</label>National Hospital for Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, London, England</aff><aff id="A20"><label>t</label>Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel & Medizinprodukte, Wissenschaftlicher Service/Klinische Prüfungen, Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn, Germany</aff><aff id="A21"><label>u</label>European Medicines Agency (EMEA), Scientific Advice and Orphan Drugs Sector, 7 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London, England</aff><aff id="A22"><label>v</label>Guam Memorial Hospital, Neurology, Carlos Camacho Way, Tamuning, Guam</aff><aff id="A23"><label>w</label>Institut für Pathologie, Schönbeinstrasse, Basel, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A24"><label>x</label>University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Dr Molewaterplein, GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands</aff><aff id="A25"><label>y</label>Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 820, Laeënnec Medical School, Lyon, France</aff><aff id="A26"><label>z</label>New York Brain Bank, Columbia University, Pathology, Babies Hospital, New York, NY, USA</aff><aff id="A27"><label>aa</label>Deutsche PSP-Gesellschaft e.V. (PSP Germany), c/o S. Wagner, Könneritzstrasse, Leipzig, Germany</aff><aff id="A28"><label>bb</label>Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="CR1">Correspondence: Prof Dr Albert C. Ludolph, Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081 Ulm, Germany (tel.: +49 731 1771200; fax: +49 731 1771202; e-mail: <email>albert.ludolph@rku.de</email>.).</corresp><fn id="FN1" fn-type="equal"><label>*</label><p id="P1">These authors contributed equally to the work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>21</day><month>5</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>30</day><month>3</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>297</fpage><lpage>309</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2009 EFNS</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p id="P2">Tauopathies with parkinsonism represent a spectrum of disease entities unified by the pathologic accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein fragments within the central nervous system. These pathologic characteristics suggest shared pathogenetic pathways and possible molecular targets for disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Natural history studies, for instance, in progressive supranuclear palsy, frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, corticobasal degeneration, and Niemann-Pick disease type C as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinson–dementia complex permit clinical characterization of the disease phenotypes and are crucial to the development and validation of biological markers for differential diagnostics and disease monitoring, for example, by use of neuroimaging or proteomic approaches. The wide pathologic and clinical spectrum of the tauopathies with parkinsonism is reviewed in this article, and perspectives on future advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis are given, together with potential therapeutic strategies.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>corticobasal degeneration</kwd><kwd>frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17</kwd><kwd>microtubule-associated protein tau, multiple system atrophy</kwd><kwd>Parkinson disease</kwd><kwd>parkinsonism</kwd><kwd>progressive supranuclear palsy</kwd><kwd>tauopathies</kwd></kwd-group><contract-num rid="AG1">P50 AG008702-11A19002
||AG</contract-num><contract-sponsor id="AG1">National Institute on Aging : NIA</contract-sponsor></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Canada</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suisse</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>Bavière</li><li>Communauté de Madrid</li><li>District de Cologne</li><li>District de Giessen</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>District de Leipzig</li><li>District de Tübingen</li><li>Hambourg</li><li>Hauts-de-France</li><li>Hesse (Land)</li><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li><li>Nord-Pas-de-Calais</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li><li>Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Saxe (Land)</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li><li>Bonn</li><li>Hambourg</li><li>Leipzig</li><li>Lyon</li><li>Madrid</li><li>Marbourg</li><li>Munich</li><li>New York</li><li>Tübingen</li><li>Ulm</li><li>Valenciennes</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Columbia</li><li>Université d'Ulm</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Steele, J C" sort="Steele, J C" uniqKey="Steele J" first="J. 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Melquist</name><name sortKey="Vonsattel, J P" sort="Vonsattel, J P" uniqKey="Vonsattel J" first="J.-P." last="Vonsattel">J.-P. Vonsattel</name><name sortKey="Wszolek, Z K" sort="Wszolek, Z K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Z. K." last="Wszolek">Z. K. Wszolek</name></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="De Yebenes, J G" sort="De Yebenes, J G" uniqKey="De Yebenes J" first="J. G." last="De Yebenes">J. G. De Yebenes</name></region><name sortKey="Lucas, J J" sort="Lucas, J J" uniqKey="Lucas J" first="J. J." last="Lucas">J. J. Lucas</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Heutink, P" sort="Heutink, P" uniqKey="Heutink P" first="P." last="Heutink">P. Heutink</name></region><name sortKey="Van Swieten, J C" sort="Van Swieten, J C" uniqKey="Van Swieten J" first="J. C." last="Van Swieten">J. C. 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