Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy
Identifieur interne : 002F43 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002F42; suivant : 002F44Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy
Auteurs :Source :
- Cureus [ 2168-8184 ] ; ????.
Abstract
The discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the causative organism of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the inability of modern medicine to find a cure for it has placed HIV as one of the most dreaded pathogens of the 21st century. With millions of people infected with HIV, it was once thought to result in “medical apocalypse”. However, with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), it is now possible to control HIV. Adherence to ART helps to keep the viral load under control and prolong the time of progression to AIDS, resulting in near normal life expectancy. Even with the introduction of ART, a substantial number of patients fail to adhere due to a variety of reasons, including adverse side effects, drug abuse, mental disorders, socioeconomic status, literacy, and social stigma. With the availability of so many options for HIV treatment at each stage of the disease progression, physicians can switch between the treatment regimens to avoid and/or minimize the adverse effects of drugs. Close monitoring, major social reforms, and adequate counselling should also be implemented to circumvent other challenges.
Url:
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.515
PubMed: 27054050
PubMed Central: 4818110
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27054050</idno><idno type="pmc">4818110</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818110</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4818110</idno><idno type="doi">10.7759/cureus.515</idno><date when="????">????</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000447</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000447</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000447</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000447</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">002F43</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002F43</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy</title></analytic><series><title level="j">Cureus</title><idno type="eISSN">2168-8184</idno><imprint><date when="????">????</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the causative organism of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the inability of modern medicine to find a cure for it has placed HIV as one of the most dreaded pathogens of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. With millions of people infected with HIV, it was once thought to result in “medical apocalypse”. However, with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), it is now possible to control HIV. Adherence to ART helps to keep the viral load under control and prolong the time of progression to AIDS, resulting in near normal life expectancy. Even with the introduction of ART, a substantial number of patients fail to adhere due to a variety of reasons, including adverse side effects, drug abuse, mental disorders, socioeconomic status, literacy, and social stigma. With the availability of so many options for HIV treatment at each stage of the disease progression, physicians can switch between the treatment regimens to avoid and/or minimize the adverse effects of drugs. Close monitoring, major social reforms, and adequate counselling should also be implemented to circumvent other challenges.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Friedman Kien, A" uniqKey="Friedman Kien A">A Friedman-Kien</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laubenstein, L" uniqKey="Laubenstein L">L Laubenstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marmor, M" uniqKey="Marmor M">M Marmor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hymes, K" uniqKey="Hymes K">K Hymes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, J" uniqKey="Green J">J Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ragaz, A" uniqKey="Ragaz A">A Ragaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gottleib, J" uniqKey="Gottleib J">J Gottleib</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muggia, F" uniqKey="Muggia F">F Muggia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demopoulos, R" uniqKey="Demopoulos R">R Demopoulos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weintraub, M" uniqKey="Weintraub 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Cureus</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Cureus</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2168-8184</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Cureus</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2168-8184</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Cureus</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Palo Alto (CA)</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27054050</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4818110</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7759/cureus.515</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>HIV/AIDS</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Infectious Disease</subject></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Allergy/Immunology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Muacevic</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Adler</surname><given-names>John R</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Bhatti</surname><given-names>Adnan Bashir</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-28679">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Usman</surname><given-names>Muhammad</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-28681">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kandi</surname><given-names>Venkataramana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-24175">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-28679"><label>1</label> Department of Medicine, Capital Development Authority Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan</aff><aff id="aff-28681"><label>2</label> Department of Medicine, Jinnah Hospital Lahore (JHL)/Allama Iqbal Medical College (AIMC), Lahore, Pakistan</aff><aff id="aff-24175"><label>3</label> Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Adnan Bashir Bhatti <email>dr.adnanbashir@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic"><day>1</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic"><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>e515</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>1</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016, Bhatti et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Bhatti et al.</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.cureus.com/articles/4078-current-scenario-of-hivaids-treatment-options-and-major-challenges-with-compliance-to-antiretroviral-therapy">This article is available from http://www.cureus.com/articles/4078-current-scenario-of-hivaids-treatment-options-and-major-challenges-with-compliance-to-antiretroviral-therapy</self-uri><abstract><p>The discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the causative organism of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the inability of modern medicine to find a cure for it has placed HIV as one of the most dreaded pathogens of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. With millions of people infected with HIV, it was once thought to result in “medical apocalypse”. However, with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), it is now possible to control HIV. Adherence to ART helps to keep the viral load under control and prolong the time of progression to AIDS, resulting in near normal life expectancy. Even with the introduction of ART, a substantial number of patients fail to adhere due to a variety of reasons, including adverse side effects, drug abuse, mental disorders, socioeconomic status, literacy, and social stigma. With the availability of so many options for HIV treatment at each stage of the disease progression, physicians can switch between the treatment regimens to avoid and/or minimize the adverse effects of drugs. Close monitoring, major social reforms, and adequate counselling should also be implemented to circumvent other challenges.</p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>hiv</kwd><kwd>aids</kwd><kwd>drug adverse effects</kwd><kwd>hiv/aids</kwd><kwd>highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart)</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta><notes><p content-type="disclaimer">The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research and reference purposes. Additionally, articles published within Cureus should not be deemed a suitable substitute for the advice of a qualified health care professional. Do not disregard or avoid professional medical advice due to content published within Cureus.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list></list><tree></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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