Association between Participation in Government Subsidy Program for Domestic Travel and Symptoms Indicative of COVID-19 Infection.
Identifieur interne : 000230 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000229; suivant : 000231Association between Participation in Government Subsidy Program for Domestic Travel and Symptoms Indicative of COVID-19 Infection.
Auteurs : Atsushi Miyawaki ; Takahiro Tabuchi ; Yasutake Tomata ; Yusuke TsugawaSource :
- medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences ; 2020.
Abstract
Importance
As countermeasures against the economic downturn caused by the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries have introduced or considering financial incentives for people to engage in economic activities such as travel and use restaurants. Japan has implemented a large-scale, nationwide government-funded program that subsidizes up to 50% of all travel expenses since July 2020 with the aim of reviving the travel industry. However, it remains unknown as to how such provision of government subsidies for travel impacted the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective
To investigate the association between participation in government subsidies for domestic travel in Japan and the incidence of COVID-19 infections.
Design Setting and Participants
Using the data from a large internet survey conducted between August 25 and September 30, 2020, in Japan, we examined whether individuals who used subsidies experienced a higher likelihood of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.
Exposure
Participation in the government subsidy program for domestic travel.
Main Outcomes and Measures
Five symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection (high fever, throat pain, cough, headache, and smell and taste disorder) within the past one month of the survey.
Results
Of the 25,482 respondents (50.3% [12,809] women; mean [SD] age, 48.4 [17.4] years), 3,289 (12.9%) participated in the subsidy program at the time of survey. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that the participants of the subsidy program exhibited higher incidence of high fever (adjusted rate, 4.8% for participants vs. 3.7% for non-participants; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.90; 95%CI, 1.40-2.56; p<0.001), throat pain (20.0% vs. 11.3%; aOR, 2.13; 95%CI, 1.39-3.26; p=0.002), cough (19.2% vs. 11.2%; aOR 1.97; 95%CI, 1.28-3.03; p=0.004), headache (29.4% vs. 25.5%; aOR, 1.26; 95%CI, 1.09-1.46; p=0.005), and smell and taste disorder (2.6% vs. 1.7%; aOR 2.01; 95%CI; 1.16-3.49; p=0.01) compared with the non-participants.
Conclusion and Relevance
The participants of government subsidies for domestic travel experienced a higher incidence of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.
DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.03.20243352
PubMed: 33300007
PubMed Central: PMC7724675
Affiliations:
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Japan has implemented a large-scale, nationwide government-funded program that subsidizes up to 50% of all travel expenses since July 2020 with the aim of reviving the travel industry. However, it remains unknown as to how such provision of government subsidies for travel impacted the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Objective</b></p><p>To investigate the association between participation in government subsidies for domestic travel in Japan and the incidence of COVID-19 infections.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Design Setting and Participants</b></p><p>Using the data from a large internet survey conducted between August 25 and September 30, 2020, in Japan, we examined whether individuals who used subsidies experienced a higher likelihood of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Exposure</b></p><p>Participation in the government subsidy program for domestic travel.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Main Outcomes and Measures</b></p><p>Five symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection (high fever, throat pain, cough, headache, and smell and taste disorder) within the past one month of the survey.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Results</b></p><p>Of the 25,482 respondents (50.3% [12,809] women; mean [SD] age, 48.4 [17.4] years), 3,289 (12.9%) participated in the subsidy program at the time of survey. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that the participants of the subsidy program exhibited higher incidence of high fever (adjusted rate, 4.8% for participants vs. 3.7% for non-participants; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.90; 95%CI, 1.40-2.56; p<0.001), throat pain (20.0% vs. 11.3%; aOR, 2.13; 95%CI, 1.39-3.26; p=0.002), cough (19.2% vs. 11.2%; aOR 1.97; 95%CI, 1.28-3.03; p=0.004), headache (29.4% vs. 25.5%; aOR, 1.26; 95%CI, 1.09-1.46; p=0.005), and smell and taste disorder (2.6% vs. 1.7%; aOR 2.01; 95%CI; 1.16-3.49; p=0.01) compared with the non-participants.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Conclusion and Relevance</b></p><p>The participants of government subsidies for domestic travel experienced a higher incidence of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33300007</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Dec</Month><Day>05</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences</Title><ISOAbbreviation>medRxiv</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Association between Participation in Government Subsidy Program for Domestic Travel and Symptoms Indicative of COVID-19 Infection.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">2020.12.03.20243352</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1101/2020.12.03.20243352</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="Importance" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">As countermeasures against the economic downturn caused by the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries have introduced or considering financial incentives for people to engage in economic activities such as travel and use restaurants. Japan has implemented a large-scale, nationwide government-funded program that subsidizes up to 50% of all travel expenses since July 2020 with the aim of reviving the travel industry. However, it remains unknown as to how such provision of government subsidies for travel impacted the COVID-19 pandemic.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Objective" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">To investigate the association between participation in government subsidies for domestic travel in Japan and the incidence of COVID-19 infections.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Design Setting and Participants" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Using the data from a large internet survey conducted between August 25 and September 30, 2020, in Japan, we examined whether individuals who used subsidies experienced a higher likelihood of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Exposure" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Participation in the government subsidy program for domestic travel.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Main Outcomes and Measures" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Five symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection (high fever, throat pain, cough, headache, and smell and taste disorder) within the past one month of the survey.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Results" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Of the 25,482 respondents (50.3% [12,809] women; mean [SD] age, 48.4 [17.4] years), 3,289 (12.9%) participated in the subsidy program at the time of survey. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that the participants of the subsidy program exhibited higher incidence of high fever (adjusted rate, 4.8% for participants vs. 3.7% for non-participants; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.90; 95%CI, 1.40-2.56; p<0.001), throat pain (20.0% vs. 11.3%; aOR, 2.13; 95%CI, 1.39-3.26; p=0.002), cough (19.2% vs. 11.2%; aOR 1.97; 95%CI, 1.28-3.03; p=0.004), headache (29.4% vs. 25.5%; aOR, 1.26; 95%CI, 1.09-1.46; p=0.005), and smell and taste disorder (2.6% vs. 1.7%; aOR 2.01; 95%CI; 1.16-3.49; p=0.01) compared with the non-participants.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Conclusion and Relevance" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The participants of government subsidies for domestic travel experienced a higher incidence of symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miyawaki</LastName><ForeName>Atsushi</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6126-1464</Identifier></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tabuchi</LastName><ForeName>Takahiro</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tomata</LastName><ForeName>Yasutake</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tsugawa</LastName><ForeName>Yusuke</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1937-4833</Identifier></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D000076942">Preprint</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>05</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>medRxiv</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101767986</NlmUniqueID></MedlineJournalInfo></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>59</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33300007</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1101/2020.12.03.20243352</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7724675</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Miyawaki, Atsushi" sort="Miyawaki, Atsushi" uniqKey="Miyawaki A" first="Atsushi" last="Miyawaki">Atsushi Miyawaki</name><name sortKey="Tabuchi, Takahiro" sort="Tabuchi, Takahiro" uniqKey="Tabuchi T" first="Takahiro" last="Tabuchi">Takahiro Tabuchi</name><name sortKey="Tomata, Yasutake" sort="Tomata, Yasutake" uniqKey="Tomata Y" first="Yasutake" last="Tomata">Yasutake Tomata</name><name sortKey="Tsugawa, Yusuke" sort="Tsugawa, Yusuke" uniqKey="Tsugawa Y" first="Yusuke" last="Tsugawa">Yusuke Tsugawa</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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