Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist
Identifieur interne : 000619 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000618; suivant : 000620Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist
Auteurs : Chi Chiu Cheang [Taïwan, Hong Kong] ; Ling Ming Tsang [Hong Kong] ; Ka Hou Chu [Hong Kong] ; I-Jiunn Cheng [Taïwan] ; Benny K. K. Chan [Taïwan]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Turtle barnacles are common epibionts on marine organisms.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057592
PubMed: 23469208
PubMed Central: 3585910
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist</title>
<author><name sortKey="Cheang, Chi Chiu" sort="Cheang, Chi Chiu" uniqKey="Cheang C" first="Chi Chiu" last="Cheang">Chi Chiu Cheang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chu, Ka Hou" sort="Chu, Ka Hou" uniqKey="Chu K" first="Ka Hou" last="Chu">Ka Hou Chu</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist</title>
<author><name sortKey="Cheang, Chi Chiu" sort="Cheang, Chi Chiu" uniqKey="Cheang C" first="Chi Chiu" last="Cheang">Chi Chiu Cheang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Hong Kong</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Tsang, Ling Ming" sort="Tsang, Ling Ming" uniqKey="Tsang L" first="Ling Ming" last="Tsang">Ling Ming Tsang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Hong Kong</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Chu, Ka Hou" sort="Chu, Ka Hou" uniqKey="Chu K" first="Ka Hou" last="Chu">Ka Hou Chu</name>
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<wicri:regionArea>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Cheng, I Jiunn" sort="Cheng, I Jiunn" uniqKey="Cheng I" first="I-Jiunn" last="Cheng">I-Jiunn Cheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Chan, Benny K K" sort="Chan, Benny K K" uniqKey="Chan B" first="Benny K. K." last="Chan">Benny K. K. Chan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Taïwan</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei</wicri:regionArea>
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<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Turtle barnacles are common epibionts on marine organisms. <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is specific on marine turtles whereas <italic>C. patula</italic>
is a host generalist, but rarely found on turtles. It has been questioned why <italic>C. patula</italic>
, being abundant on a variety of live substrata, is almost absent from turtles. We evaluated the genetic (mitochondrial COI, 16S and 12S rRNA, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)) and morphological differentiation of <italic>C. testudinaia</italic>
and <italic>C. patula</italic>
from different hosts, to determine the mode of adaptation exhibited by <italic>Chelonibia</italic>
species on different hosts. The two taxa demonstrate clear differences in shell morphology and length of 4–6<sup>th</sup>
cirri, but very similar in arthropodal characters. Moreover, we detected no genetic differentiation in mitochondrial DNA and AFLP analyses. Outlier detection infers insignificant selection across loci investigated. Based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we proposed that <italic>C. testudinaria</italic>
and <italic>C. patula</italic>
are conspecific, and the two morphs with contrasting shell morphologies and cirral length found on different host are predominantly shaped by developmental plasticity in response to environmental setting on different hosts. <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is, thus, a successful general epibiotic fouler and the phenotypic responses postulated can increase the fitness of the animals when they attach on hosts with contrasting life-styles.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23469208</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3585910</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-12-23525</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0057592</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Ecology</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Evolutionary Processes</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Adaptation</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Forms of Evolution</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Phenetic Evolution</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Genetics</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Population Genetics</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Genetic Polymorphism</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Animal Genetics</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Marine Biology</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group><subject>Zoology</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Host-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity of the Turtle Barnacle <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
: A Widespread Generalist Rather than a Specialist</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Phenotypic Plasticity of Turtle Barnacles</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Cheang</surname>
<given-names>Chi Chiu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Tsang</surname>
<given-names>Ling Ming</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chu</surname>
<given-names>Ka Hou</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cheng</surname>
<given-names>I-Jiunn</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chan</surname>
<given-names>Benny K. K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>
<addr-line>Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>
<addr-line>Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan</addr-line>
</aff>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Laudet</surname>
<given-names>Vincent</given-names>
</name>
<role>Editor</role>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>chankk@gate.sinica.edu.tw</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: CCC BKKC KHC LMT. Performed the experiments: CCC BKKC. Analyzed the data: CCC BKKC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: IJC. Wrote the paper: CCC BKKC.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>1</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<elocation-id>e57592</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>7</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Cheang et al</copyright-holder>
<license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Turtle barnacles are common epibionts on marine organisms. <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is specific on marine turtles whereas <italic>C. patula</italic>
is a host generalist, but rarely found on turtles. It has been questioned why <italic>C. patula</italic>
, being abundant on a variety of live substrata, is almost absent from turtles. We evaluated the genetic (mitochondrial COI, 16S and 12S rRNA, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)) and morphological differentiation of <italic>C. testudinaia</italic>
and <italic>C. patula</italic>
from different hosts, to determine the mode of adaptation exhibited by <italic>Chelonibia</italic>
species on different hosts. The two taxa demonstrate clear differences in shell morphology and length of 4–6<sup>th</sup>
cirri, but very similar in arthropodal characters. Moreover, we detected no genetic differentiation in mitochondrial DNA and AFLP analyses. Outlier detection infers insignificant selection across loci investigated. Based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we proposed that <italic>C. testudinaria</italic>
and <italic>C. patula</italic>
are conspecific, and the two morphs with contrasting shell morphologies and cirral length found on different host are predominantly shaped by developmental plasticity in response to environmental setting on different hosts. <italic>Chelonibia testudinaria</italic>
is, thus, a successful general epibiotic fouler and the phenotypic responses postulated can increase the fitness of the animals when they attach on hosts with contrasting life-styles.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group><funding-statement>BKK Chan would like to acknowledge the support of a research grant from the National Science Council (NSC-99-2621-B-001-007-MY3) and Career Development Award, Academia Sinica (AS-98-CDA-L15). KH Chu is supported by a grant from the Group Research Scheme of the Research Committee, the Chinese University of Hong Kong. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<counts><page-count count="12"></page-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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