A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors.
Identifieur interne : 000030 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000029; suivant : 000031A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors.
Auteurs : Marco Avvenuti ; Mario G C A. Cimino ; Stefano Cresci ; Andrea Marchetti ; Maurizio TesconiSource :
- SpringerPlus [ 2193-1801 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the "human as a sensor" (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.
DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1674-y
PubMed: 26811805
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Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cresci, Stefano" sort="Cresci, Stefano" uniqKey="Cresci S" first="Stefano" last="Cresci">Stefano Cresci</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Route de Villejust, 91620 Nozay, Paris, France ; Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marchetti, Andrea" sort="Marchetti, Andrea" uniqKey="Marchetti A" first="Andrea" last="Marchetti">Andrea Marchetti</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tesconi, Maurizio" sort="Tesconi, Maurizio" uniqKey="Tesconi M" first="Maurizio" last="Tesconi">Maurizio Tesconi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. 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Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cimino, Mario G C A" sort="Cimino, Mario G C A" uniqKey="Cimino M" first="Mario G C A" last="Cimino">Mario G C A. Cimino</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cresci, Stefano" sort="Cresci, Stefano" uniqKey="Cresci S" first="Stefano" last="Cresci">Stefano Cresci</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Route de Villejust, 91620 Nozay, Paris, France ; Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marchetti, Andrea" sort="Marchetti, Andrea" uniqKey="Marchetti A" first="Andrea" last="Marchetti">Andrea Marchetti</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tesconi, Maurizio" sort="Tesconi, Maurizio" uniqKey="Tesconi M" first="Maurizio" last="Tesconi">Maurizio Tesconi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">SpringerPlus</title><idno type="eISSN">2193-1801</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the "human as a sensor" (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">26811805</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2193-1801</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>5</Volume><PubDate><Year>2016</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>SpringerPlus</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Springerplus</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>43</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s40064-016-1674-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the "human as a sensor" (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Avvenuti</LastName><ForeName>Marco</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cimino</LastName><ForeName>Mario G C A</ForeName><Initials>MG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cresci</LastName><ForeName>Stefano</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-0170-2445</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Route de Villejust, 91620 Nozay, Paris, France ; Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marchetti</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tesconi</LastName><ForeName>Maurizio</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. 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