A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors
Identifieur interne : 000135 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000134; suivant : 000136A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors
Auteurs : Marco Avvenuti [Italie] ; Mario G. C. A. Cimino [Italie] ; Stefano Cresci [France, Italie] ; Andrea Marchetti [Italie] ; Maurizio Tesconi [Italie]Source :
- SpringerPlus [ 2193-1801 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the “human as a sensor” (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1674-y
PubMed: 26811805
PubMed Central: 4717126
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Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cimino, Mario G C A" sort="Cimino, Mario G C A" uniqKey="Cimino M" first="Mario G. C. A." last="Cimino">Mario G. C. A. Cimino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. 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Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">SpringerPlus</title><idno type="eISSN">2193-1801</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Springerplus</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Springerplus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>SpringerPlus</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2193-1801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Springer International Publishing</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Cham</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26811805</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4717126</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1674</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s40064-016-1674-y</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A framework for detecting unfolding emergencies using humans as sensors</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Avvenuti</surname><given-names>Marco</given-names></name><address><email>marco.avvenuti@unipi.it</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cimino</surname><given-names>Mario G. C. A.</given-names></name><address><email>mario.cimino@unipi.it</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-2445</contrib-id><name><surname>Cresci</surname><given-names>Stefano</given-names></name><address><email>stefano.cresci@iit.cnr.it</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marchetti</surname><given-names>Andrea</given-names></name><address><email>andrea.marchetti@iit.cnr.it</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tesconi</surname><given-names>Maurizio</given-names></name><address><email>maurizio.tesconi@iit.cnr.it</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label></label>Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label></label>Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Route de Villejust, 91620 Nozay, Paris, France</aff><aff id="Aff3"><label></label>Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>19</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><elocation-id>43</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>3</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>6</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Avvenuti et al. 2016</copyright-statement><license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>The advent of online social networks (OSNs) paired with the ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones have enabled social sensing systems. In the last few years, the aptitude of humans to spontaneously collect and timely share context information has been exploited for emergency detection and crisis management. Apart from event-specific features, these systems share technical approaches and architectural solutions to address the issues with capturing, filtering and extracting meaningful information from data posted to OSNs by networks of human sensors. This paper proposes a conceptual and architectural framework for the design of emergency detection systems based on the “human as a sensor” (HaaS) paradigm. An ontology for the HaaS paradigm in the context of emergency detection is defined. Then, a modular architecture, independent of a specific emergency type, is designed. The proposed architecture is demonstrated by an implemented application for detecting earthquakes via Twitter. Validation and experimental results based on messages posted during earthquakes occurred in Italy are reported.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Twitter</kwd><kwd>Social sensing</kwd><kwd>Social media mining</kwd><kwd>Event detection</kwd><kwd>Crisis informatics</kwd><kwd>Emergency management</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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