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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Modeling Nursing Terminology Using the GRAIL Representation Language</title><author><name sortKey="Hardiker, Nicholas R" sort="Hardiker, Nicholas R" uniqKey="Hardiker N" first="Nicholas R." last="Hardiker">Nicholas R. Hardiker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rector, Alan L" sort="Rector, Alan L" uniqKey="Rector A" first="Alan L." last="Rector">Alan L. Rector</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">9452991</idno><idno type="pmc">61281</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC61281</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:61281</idno><date when="1998">1998</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000382</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000382</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Modeling Nursing Terminology Using the GRAIL Representation Language</title><author><name sortKey="Hardiker, Nicholas R" sort="Hardiker, Nicholas R" uniqKey="Hardiker N" first="Nicholas R." last="Hardiker">Nicholas R. Hardiker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rector, Alan L" sort="Rector, Alan L" uniqKey="Rector A" first="Alan L." last="Rector">Alan L. Rector</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA</title><idno type="ISSN">1067-5027</idno><idno type="eISSN">1527-974X</idno><imprint><date when="1998">1998</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p> <bold>Objective:</bold> The purpose of the study is to explore
the use of formal systems to model nursing terminology.</p><p><bold>Design:</bold> GRAIL is a formal, compositional terminologic language,
closely related to frame-based systems and conceptual graphs, which allows
concepts to be formed from atomic-level primitives and automatically
classified in a multiple hierarchy. A formal model of the alpha version of the
International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) classification of
nursing interventions was constructed in GRAIL.</p><p><bold>Measurements:</bold> The model was analyzed for completeness, coherence,
clarity, expressiveness, usefulness, and maintainability.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> GRAIL is capable of representing the complete set of
atomic-level concepts within the ICNP as well as certain cross-mappings to
other vocabularies. It also has the potential to represent many more concepts,
to an arbitrary level of detail.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Formal systems such as GRAIL can overcome many of the
difficulties associated with traditional nursing vocabularies without
restricting the level of detail needed to describe nursing care.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Am Med Inform Assoc</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jamia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1067-5027</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1527-974X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Medical Informatics Association</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">9452991</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">61281</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0050120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Investigations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Modeling Nursing Terminology Using the GRAIL Representation Language</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hardiker</surname><given-names>Nicholas R.</given-names></name><degrees>RGN, MSc</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rector</surname><given-names>Alan L.</given-names></name><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="d31e30">Affiliation of the authors: Medical Informatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, England.</aff><author-notes><corresp> Correspondence and reprints: Nicholas R. Hardiker, RGN, MSc, Medical
Informatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester,
Manchester M13 9PL, UK. e-mail:
<<email>hardiker@cs.man.ac.uk</email>>.</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Jan-Feb</season><year>1998</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day><month>4</month><year>1997</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day><month>9</month><year>1997</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 1998, American Medical Informatics Association</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1998</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p> <bold>Objective:</bold> The purpose of the study is to explore
the use of formal systems to model nursing terminology.</p><p><bold>Design:</bold> GRAIL is a formal, compositional terminologic language,
closely related to frame-based systems and conceptual graphs, which allows
concepts to be formed from atomic-level primitives and automatically
classified in a multiple hierarchy. A formal model of the alpha version of the
International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) classification of
nursing interventions was constructed in GRAIL.</p><p><bold>Measurements:</bold> The model was analyzed for completeness, coherence,
clarity, expressiveness, usefulness, and maintainability.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> GRAIL is capable of representing the complete set of
atomic-level concepts within the ICNP as well as certain cross-mappings to
other vocabularies. It also has the potential to represent many more concepts,
to an arbitrary level of detail.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Formal systems such as GRAIL can overcome many of the
difficulties associated with traditional nursing vocabularies without
restricting the level of detail needed to describe nursing care.</p></abstract></article-meta><notes><fn-group><fn><p>This work was supported in part by project number HC1113 of the Telematics
Applications Programme of the European Union, TELENURSE.</p></fn></fn-group></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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