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Dispatch from the field: ecology of ground-web-building spiders with description of a new species (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)

Identifieur interne : 000329 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000328; suivant : 000330

Dispatch from the field: ecology of ground-web-building spiders with description of a new species (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)

Auteurs : Jeremy A. Miller ; Menno Schilthuizen ; Jennie Lilliendahl Burmester ; Lot Van Der Graaf ; Vincent Merckx ; Merlijn Jocqué ; Paul Joseph Antonius Kessler ; Tom Maurice Fayle ; Thijmen Breeschoten ; Regi Broeren ; Roderick Bouman ; Wan-Ji Chua ; Frida Feijen ; Tanita Fermont ; Kevin Groen ; Marvin Groen ; Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis Kil ; Henrica Allegonda De Laat ; Michelangelo Sergio Moerland ; Carole Moncoquet ; Elisa Panjang ; Amelia Joyce Philip ; Rebecca Roca-Eriksen ; Bastiaan Rooduijn ; Marit Van Santen ; Violet Swakman ; Meaghan N. Evans ; Luke J. Evans ; Kieran Love ; Sarah H. Joscelyne ; Anya Victoria Tober ; Hannah F. Wilson ; Laurentius N. Ambu ; Benoit Goossens

Source :

RBID : PMC:4031436

Abstract

Crassignathadanaugirangensis sp. n. (Araneae: Symphytognathidae) was discovered during a tropical ecology field course held at the Danau Girang Field Centre in Sabah, Malaysia. A taxonomic description and accompanying ecological study were completed as course activities. To assess the ecology of this species, which belongs to the ground-web-building spider community, three habitat types were surveyed: riparian forest, recently inundated riverine forest, and oil palm plantation. Crassignathadanaugirangensis sp. n. is the most abundant ground-web-building spider species in riparian forest; it is rare or absent from the recently inundated forest and was not found in a nearby oil palm plantation. The availability of this taxonomic description may help facilitate the accumulation of data about this species and the role of inundated riverine forest in shaping invertebrate communities.


Url:
DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1076
PubMed: 24891829
PubMed Central: 4031436

Links to Exploration step

PMC:4031436

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Roca Eriksen, Rebecca" sort="Roca Eriksen, Rebecca" uniqKey="Roca Eriksen R" first="Rebecca" last="Roca-Eriksen">Rebecca Roca-Eriksen</name>
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<name sortKey="Swakman, Violet" sort="Swakman, Violet" uniqKey="Swakman V" first="Violet" last="Swakman">Violet Swakman</name>
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<addr-line>University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Love, Kieran" sort="Love, Kieran" uniqKey="Love K" first="Kieran" last="Love">Kieran Love</name>
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<name sortKey="Joscelyne, Sarah H" sort="Joscelyne, Sarah H" uniqKey="Joscelyne S" first="Sarah H" last="Joscelyne">Sarah H. Joscelyne</name>
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<name sortKey="Tober, Anya Victoria" sort="Tober, Anya Victoria" uniqKey="Tober A" first="Anya Victoria" last="Tober">Anya Victoria Tober</name>
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<name sortKey="Wilson, Hannah F" sort="Wilson, Hannah F" uniqKey="Wilson H" first="Hannah F." last="Wilson">Hannah F. Wilson</name>
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<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
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<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Ambu, Laurentius N" sort="Ambu, Laurentius N" uniqKey="Ambu L" first="Laurentius N." last="Ambu">Laurentius N. Ambu</name>
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<addr-line>Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Goossens, Benoit" sort="Goossens, Benoit" uniqKey="Goossens B" first="Benoit" last="Goossens">Benoit Goossens</name>
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<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
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</affiliation>
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<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Dispatch from the field: ecology of ground-web-building spiders with description of a new species (
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<name sortKey="Burmester, Jennie Lilliendahl" sort="Burmester, Jennie Lilliendahl" uniqKey="Burmester J" first="Jennie Lilliendahl" last="Burmester">Jennie Lilliendahl Burmester</name>
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<addr-line>University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</addr-line>
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</author>
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<name sortKey="Van Der Graaf, Lot" sort="Van Der Graaf, Lot" uniqKey="Van Der Graaf L" first="Lot" last="Van Der Graaf">Lot Van Der Graaf</name>
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<addr-line>Delft University, Delft, Netherlands</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Merckx, Vincent" sort="Merckx, Vincent" uniqKey="Merckx V" first="Vincent" last="Merckx">Vincent Merckx</name>
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<name sortKey="Jocque, Merlijn" sort="Jocque, Merlijn" uniqKey="Jocque M" first="Merlijn" last="Jocqué">Merlijn Jocqué</name>
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<addr-line>Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, United States of America</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Kessler, Paul Joseph Antonius" sort="Kessler, Paul Joseph Antonius" uniqKey="Kessler P" first="Paul Joseph Antonius" last="Kessler">Paul Joseph Antonius Kessler</name>
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<name sortKey="Fayle, Tom Maurice" sort="Fayle, Tom Maurice" uniqKey="Fayle T" first="Tom Maurice" last="Fayle">Tom Maurice Fayle</name>
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<addr-line>Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia and Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic</addr-line>
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<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A9">
<addr-line>Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Breeschoten, Thijmen" sort="Breeschoten, Thijmen" uniqKey="Breeschoten T" first="Thijmen" last="Breeschoten">Thijmen Breeschoten</name>
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<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Broeren, Regi" sort="Broeren, Regi" uniqKey="Broeren R" first="Regi" last="Broeren">Regi Broeren</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A11">
<addr-line>Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Bouman, Roderick" sort="Bouman, Roderick" uniqKey="Bouman R" first="Roderick" last="Bouman">Roderick Bouman</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A10">
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
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</author>
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<name sortKey="Chua, Wan Ji" sort="Chua, Wan Ji" uniqKey="Chua W" first="Wan-Ji" last="Chua">Wan-Ji Chua</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A3">
<addr-line>Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
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<name sortKey="Feijen, Frida" sort="Feijen, Frida" uniqKey="Feijen F" first="Frida" last="Feijen">Frida Feijen</name>
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<nlm:aff id="A12">
<addr-line>Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fermont, Tanita" sort="Fermont, Tanita" uniqKey="Fermont T" first="Tanita" last="Fermont">Tanita Fermont</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A12">
<addr-line>Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Groen, Kevin" sort="Groen, Kevin" uniqKey="Groen K" first="Kevin" last="Groen">Kevin Groen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A5">
<addr-line>Delft University, Delft, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Groen, Marvin" sort="Groen, Marvin" uniqKey="Groen M" first="Marvin" last="Groen">Marvin Groen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kil, Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis" sort="Kil, Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis" uniqKey="Kil N" first="Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis" last="Kil">Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis Kil</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A13">
<addr-line>Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Laat, Henrica Allegonda" sort="De Laat, Henrica Allegonda" uniqKey="De Laat H" first="Henrica Allegonda" last="De Laat">Henrica Allegonda De Laat</name>
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<addr-line>Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands</addr-line>
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</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moerland, Michelangelo Sergio" sort="Moerland, Michelangelo Sergio" uniqKey="Moerland M" first="Michelangelo Sergio" last="Moerland">Michelangelo Sergio Moerland</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moncoquet, Carole" sort="Moncoquet, Carole" uniqKey="Moncoquet C" first="Carole" last="Moncoquet">Carole Moncoquet</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A11">
<addr-line>Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Panjang, Elisa" sort="Panjang, Elisa" uniqKey="Panjang E" first="Elisa" last="Panjang">Elisa Panjang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">
<addr-line>Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Philip, Amelia Joyce" sort="Philip, Amelia Joyce" uniqKey="Philip A" first="Amelia Joyce" last="Philip">Amelia Joyce Philip</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A3">
<addr-line>Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Roca Eriksen, Rebecca" sort="Roca Eriksen, Rebecca" uniqKey="Roca Eriksen R" first="Rebecca" last="Roca-Eriksen">Rebecca Roca-Eriksen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A4">
<addr-line>University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rooduijn, Bastiaan" sort="Rooduijn, Bastiaan" uniqKey="Rooduijn B" first="Bastiaan" last="Rooduijn">Bastiaan Rooduijn</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A13">
<addr-line>Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Santen, Marit" sort="Van Santen, Marit" uniqKey="Van Santen M" first="Marit" last="Van Santen">Marit Van Santen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A10">
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Swakman, Violet" sort="Swakman, Violet" uniqKey="Swakman V" first="Violet" last="Swakman">Violet Swakman</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A14">
<addr-line>University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Evans, Meaghan N" sort="Evans, Meaghan N" uniqKey="Evans M" first="Meaghan N." last="Evans">Meaghan N. Evans</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Evans, Luke J" sort="Evans, Luke J" uniqKey="Evans L" first="Luke J." last="Evans">Luke J. Evans</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Love, Kieran" sort="Love, Kieran" uniqKey="Love K" first="Kieran" last="Love">Kieran Love</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Joscelyne, Sarah H" sort="Joscelyne, Sarah H" uniqKey="Joscelyne S" first="Sarah H" last="Joscelyne">Sarah H. Joscelyne</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tober, Anya Victoria" sort="Tober, Anya Victoria" uniqKey="Tober A" first="Anya Victoria" last="Tober">Anya Victoria Tober</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wilson, Hannah F" sort="Wilson, Hannah F" uniqKey="Wilson H" first="Hannah F." last="Wilson">Hannah F. Wilson</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ambu, Laurentius N" sort="Ambu, Laurentius N" uniqKey="Ambu L" first="Laurentius N." last="Ambu">Laurentius N. Ambu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A17">
<addr-line>Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Goossens, Benoit" sort="Goossens, Benoit" uniqKey="Goossens B" first="Benoit" last="Goossens">Benoit Goossens</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A15">
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="A16">
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Biodiversity Data Journal</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1314-2836</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1314-2828</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<label>Abstract</label>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. (
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
:
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
) was discovered during a tropical ecology field course held at the Danau Girang Field Centre in Sabah, Malaysia. A taxonomic description and accompanying ecological study were completed as course activities. To assess the ecology of this species, which belongs to the ground-web-building spider community, three habitat types were surveyed: riparian forest, recently inundated riverine forest, and oil palm plantation.
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. is the most abundant ground-web-building spider species in riparian forest; it is rare or absent from the recently inundated forest and was not found in a nearby oil palm plantation. The availability of this taxonomic description may help facilitate the accumulation of data about this species and the role of inundated riverine forest in shaping invertebrate communities.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back>
<div1 type="bibliography">
<listBibl>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
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<biblStruct>
<analytic>
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<biblStruct>
<analytic>
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<biblStruct>
<analytic>
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</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biodivers Data J</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biodivers Data J</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Biodiversity Data Journal</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Biodiversity Data Journal</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Biodiversity Data Journal</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1314-2836</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1314-2828</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Pensoft Publishers</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24891829</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4031436</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">Biodiversity Data Journal</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3897/BDJ.2.e1076</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="other">3289</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Taxonomic Paper</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Taxon classification">
<subject>Araneae</subject>
<subject>Symphytognathidae</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Subject classification">
<subject>Taxonomy</subject>
<subject>Conservation Ecology</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="Geographical classification">
<subject>Malaysia</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Dispatch from the field: ecology of ground-web-building spiders with description of a new species (
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
,
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name>
<surname>Miller</surname>
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<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<email>jeremy.miller@naturalis.nl</email>
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</contrib>
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<name>
<surname>Schilthuizen</surname>
<given-names>Menno</given-names>
<prefix>Prof</prefix>
</name>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">§</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Burmester</surname>
<given-names>Jennie Lilliendahl</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">|</xref>
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</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>van der Graaf</surname>
<given-names>Lot</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"></xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/40681872-5026-476B-9B5A-D87FA8E17545">http://zoobank.org/40681872-5026-476B-9B5A-D87FA8E17545</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Merckx</surname>
<given-names>Vincent</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"></xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/04FBD2CA-1DC2-49DC-9ACE-2B9CD1AFAE8D">http://zoobank.org/04FBD2CA-1DC2-49DC-9ACE-2B9CD1AFAE8D</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Jocqué</surname>
<given-names>Merlijn</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">#</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/6F4C1B5C-BDD9-4217-8F29-95ADA5E9F4D3">http://zoobank.org/6F4C1B5C-BDD9-4217-8F29-95ADA5E9F4D3</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Kessler</surname>
<given-names>Paul Joseph Antonius</given-names>
<prefix>Prof</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">††</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/B46AF84C-2070-467A-AD87-BFAA87302912">http://zoobank.org/B46AF84C-2070-467A-AD87-BFAA87302912</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Fayle</surname>
<given-names>Tom Maurice</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">‡‡</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">§§</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/614E1051-B7EB-4F2F-A313-2865B0B3DE28">http://zoobank.org/614E1051-B7EB-4F2F-A313-2865B0B3DE28</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Breeschoten</surname>
<given-names>Thijmen</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/38956BF1-E2D5-48CB-9115-058EE5B85655">http://zoobank.org/38956BF1-E2D5-48CB-9115-058EE5B85655</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Broeren</surname>
<given-names>Regi</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">¶¶</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/AC17FB49-DBDF-425F-AA30-4D8612A582D7">http://zoobank.org/AC17FB49-DBDF-425F-AA30-4D8612A582D7</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Bouman</surname>
<given-names>Roderick</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/B4187AB0-5B16-4AC7-AA20-DCC119870DC0">http://zoobank.org/B4187AB0-5B16-4AC7-AA20-DCC119870DC0</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Chua</surname>
<given-names>Wan-Ji</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">§</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/F0039871-8F5C-4071-987A-BCE48639806F">http://zoobank.org/F0039871-8F5C-4071-987A-BCE48639806F</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Feijen</surname>
<given-names>Frida</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">##</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/D8003089-3FEB-4704-AF38-DD9983CBC6B6">http://zoobank.org/D8003089-3FEB-4704-AF38-DD9983CBC6B6</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Fermont</surname>
<given-names>Tanita</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">##</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/334C7FBE-8100-472E-A970-82F3841F284E">http://zoobank.org/334C7FBE-8100-472E-A970-82F3841F284E</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Groen</surname>
<given-names>Kevin</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"></xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/35B49526-D6D6-405E-8978-B47A799372B9">http://zoobank.org/35B49526-D6D6-405E-8978-B47A799372B9</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Groen</surname>
<given-names>Marvin</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/F7D89F31-98D9-4F86-B6F3-32D48D55CDBC">http://zoobank.org/F7D89F31-98D9-4F86-B6F3-32D48D55CDBC</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Kil</surname>
<given-names>Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">†††</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/FE16D69A-18B5-43C5-9E5B-223AEFBDE45B">http://zoobank.org/FE16D69A-18B5-43C5-9E5B-223AEFBDE45B</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>de Laat</surname>
<given-names>Henrica Allegonda</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">†††</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/6374B1AD-0A51-46C1-BAA1-1405074D107B">http://zoobank.org/6374B1AD-0A51-46C1-BAA1-1405074D107B</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Moerland</surname>
<given-names>Michelangelo Sergio</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/250F699D-4EA3-46F7-9EAD-AFB55996BDA9">http://zoobank.org/250F699D-4EA3-46F7-9EAD-AFB55996BDA9</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Moncoquet</surname>
<given-names>Carole</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">¶¶</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/24F3CE4C-D4FF-4C14-91EE-B2D51D002282">http://zoobank.org/24F3CE4C-D4FF-4C14-91EE-B2D51D002282</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Panjang</surname>
<given-names>Elisa</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">§</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/A3A1D5C7-51C2-4087-B432-39EADB2904BC">http://zoobank.org/A3A1D5C7-51C2-4087-B432-39EADB2904BC</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Philip</surname>
<given-names>Amelia Joyce</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">§</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Roca-Eriksen</surname>
<given-names>Rebecca</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">|</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/46A88D2F-E64C-4B74-8606-3C429F3BA2AE">http://zoobank.org/46A88D2F-E64C-4B74-8606-3C429F3BA2AE</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Rooduijn</surname>
<given-names>Bastiaan</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">†††</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/F260C0B6-5D59-4EFE-9DCB-23C3BA7F2A39">http://zoobank.org/F260C0B6-5D59-4EFE-9DCB-23C3BA7F2A39</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>van Santen</surname>
<given-names>Marit</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/9C9D82C2-798E-469C-9261-D1A3FA290548">http://zoobank.org/9C9D82C2-798E-469C-9261-D1A3FA290548</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Swakman</surname>
<given-names>Violet</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">‡‡‡</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/C6E96F6B-6636-4AA3-95D3-1E33A8474CB9">http://zoobank.org/C6E96F6B-6636-4AA3-95D3-1E33A8474CB9</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Evans</surname>
<given-names>Meaghan N.</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Evans</surname>
<given-names>Luke J.</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/07BFE784-9934-44C4-828C-C2DEDCF7CE7F">http://zoobank.org/07BFE784-9934-44C4-828C-C2DEDCF7CE7F</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Love</surname>
<given-names>Kieran</given-names>
<prefix>Mr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/1A6C5250-3919-4158-810D-CAF49D65278C">http://zoobank.org/1A6C5250-3919-4158-810D-CAF49D65278C</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Joscelyne</surname>
<given-names>Sarah H</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/85A926F8-B623-4788-B310-31FEA0907E11">http://zoobank.org/85A926F8-B623-4788-B310-31FEA0907E11</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Tober</surname>
<given-names>Anya Victoria</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/8B45CD0F-A9F6-4216-8B76-475B9E2A9FAA">http://zoobank.org/8B45CD0F-A9F6-4216-8B76-475B9E2A9FAA</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Wilson</surname>
<given-names>Hannah F.</given-names>
<prefix>Ms</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/68B309CC-10D4-47B9-AEF1-5A044F458094">http://zoobank.org/68B309CC-10D4-47B9-AEF1-5A044F458094</uri>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Ambu</surname>
<given-names>Laurentius N.</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">¶¶¶</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/BF20B948-2954-402C-A97F-BAEA4A0B0AA2">http://zoobank.org/BF20B948-2954-402C-A97F-BAEA4A0B0AA2</uri>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
<name>
<surname>Goossens</surname>
<given-names>Benoit</given-names>
<prefix>Dr</prefix>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">§§§</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">|||</xref>
<uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/7CD1410F-9AD3-4975-A2F9-ED73CBE659BC">http://zoobank.org/7CD1410F-9AD3-4975-A2F9-ED73CBE659BC</uri>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1">
<label></label>
<addr-line>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A2">
<label></label>
<addr-line>Plazi, Bern, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A3">
<label>§</label>
<addr-line>Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A4">
<label>|</label>
<addr-line>University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A5">
<label></label>
<addr-line>Delft University, Delft, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A6">
<label>#</label>
<addr-line>Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A7">
<label>††</label>
<addr-line>Hortus Botanicus, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A8">
<label>‡‡</label>
<addr-line>Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia and Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A9">
<label>§§</label>
<addr-line>Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<label>||</label>
<addr-line>Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<label>¶¶</label>
<addr-line>Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A12">
<label>##</label>
<addr-line>Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A13">
<label>†††</label>
<addr-line>Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A14">
<label>‡‡‡</label>
<addr-line>University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A15">
<label>§§§</label>
<addr-line>Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A16">
<label>|||</label>
<addr-line>Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A17">
<label>¶¶¶</label>
<addr-line>Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</addr-line>
</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp>Corresponding author: Jeremy A. Miller (
<email xlink:type="simple">jeremy.miller@naturalis.nl</email>
).</corresp>
<fn fn-type="edited-by">
<p>Academic editor: Lyubomir Penev.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>26</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<issue>2</issue>
<elocation-id>e1076</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>08</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>22</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Jeremy A. Miller, Menno Schilthuizen, Jennie Lilliendahl Burmester, Lot van der Graaf, Vincent Merckx, Merlijn Jocqué, Paul Joseph Antonius Kessler, Tom Maurice Fayle, Thijmen Breeschoten, Regi Broeren, Roderick Bouman, Wan-Ji Chua, Frida Feijen, Tanita Fermont, Kevin Groen, Marvin Groen, Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis Kil, Henrica Allegonda de Laat, Michelangelo Sergio Moerland, Carole Moncoquet, Elisa Panjang, Amelia Joyce Philip, Rebecca Roca-Eriksen, Bastiaan Rooduijn, Marit van Santen, Violet Swakman, Meaghan N. Evans, Luke J. Evans, Kieran Love, Sarah H Joscelyne, Anya Victoria Tober, Hannah F. Wilson, Laurentius N. Ambu, Benoit Goossens</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="zoobank" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://zoobank.org/CB5CBD73-2E80-4026-AA22-0AD5743FB509">http://zoobank.org/CB5CBD73-2E80-4026-AA22-0AD5743FB509</self-uri>
<abstract>
<label>Abstract</label>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. (
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
:
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
) was discovered during a tropical ecology field course held at the Danau Girang Field Centre in Sabah, Malaysia. A taxonomic description and accompanying ecological study were completed as course activities. To assess the ecology of this species, which belongs to the ground-web-building spider community, three habitat types were surveyed: riparian forest, recently inundated riverine forest, and oil palm plantation.
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. is the most abundant ground-web-building spider species in riparian forest; it is rare or absent from the recently inundated forest and was not found in a nearby oil palm plantation. The availability of this taxonomic description may help facilitate the accumulation of data about this species and the role of inundated riverine forest in shaping invertebrate communities.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<label>Keywords</label>
<kwd>Borneo</kwd>
<kwd>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>disturbance</kwd>
<kwd>inundation</kwd>
<kwd>oil palm plantation</kwd>
<kwd>riparian forest</kwd>
<kwd>riverine forest</kwd>
<kwd>tropical field course</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<counts>
<fig-count count="5"></fig-count>
<table-count count="1"></table-count>
<ref-count count="6"></ref-count>
</counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<sec sec-type="Introduction">
<title>Introduction</title>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
Wunderlich is a genus of six-eyed micro-orbweaving spiders on the order of 1 mm in total body length. The genus was established to accommodate a single male specimen collected at Fraser's Hill (Bukit Fraser in Malay), a forest reserve in Pahang, Malaysia (
<xref rid="B591969" ref-type="bibr">Wunderlich 1995</xref>
).
<xref rid="B591979" ref-type="bibr">Miller et al. (2009)</xref>
described eight additional species of
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
collected in the course of a survey of the Gaoligongshan in western Yunnan, China. Only one of these species was a singleton and most species were known from 7–20 adult specimens, suggesting that they can be abundant. But few species were collected at more than one locality and the rate of species turnover in the Gaoligongshan appeared to be on the order of 50–100 km.</p>
<p>Students participating in a two-week tropical ecology field course offered by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and hosted by the Danau Girang Field Centre (DGFC) in Sabah, Malaysia, encountered a species of
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
in the course of their studies. Without doubt, undescribed arthropod species abound in the vicinity of any tropical field station, but being able to recognize which species are new requires expertise and access to literature and reference collections not often available in such remote places. In this case, the corresponding author was able to determine that the Danau Girang
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
was new, and since only two taxonomic papers have treated members of this genus, the collection of reference literature was soon complete. Students and lecturers participating in the course, along with members of the field station scientific staff, resolved to describe this species and investigate its ecology using the resources available at the field station and submit their results in the form of a manuscript before the end of the course.</p>
<p>DGFC is a research station on the Kinabatangan River in Sabah, Malaysia. The Kinabatangan River floods periodically, inundating the low-lying parts of the forest. Beyond the protected forest areas, the dominant land use is oil palm plantation. Within Danau Girang, four quarter hectare plots have been established as permanent botanical plots. Within these plots, all trees have been taxonomically identified (as far as possible) and labeled with a unique number. As the course arrived at DGFC, the water in the inundated forest was just in the process of receding.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="materials|methods">
<title>Materials and methods</title>
<p>Spider samples were taken from DGFC's four permanent botanical plots and from the nearby Hillco Estate oil palm plantation (
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5.415°N 118.016°E</named-content>
) just across the Kinabatangan River. Two of the botanical plots (2 and 3) are subject to regular inundation (1–3 times per year) while the two remaining plots (1 and 4) are flooded only during extraordinary weather events (approximately once in 6–7 years). Despite inquiries, we were unable to determine details of the oil palm plantation history and management. Trees ranged from 2–3 m in height and we witnessed workers applying an unknown chemical.</p>
<p>Within the DGFC permanent botanical plots, 4–6 points were randomly selected; eight points from a block of oil palm plantation also were selected randomly. At each point, 1 m
<sup>2</sup>
was dusted for spider webs 0–10 cm above the ground using a corn starch puffer (
<xref rid="B591989" ref-type="bibr">Carico 1977</xref>
) and as many spiders as possible were collected using a pooter. In the oil palm plantation, additional plotless sampling was conducted. All adult spiders from the plot sampling were counted and sorted; the plotless sample was checked for the presence of
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
.</p>
<sec sec-type="Laboratory methods">
<title>Laboratory methods</title>
<p>The taxonomic description was completed at the laboratory facilities of the Danau Girang Field Centre. Photographs were taken using an iPhone 4 through the ocular lens of a Leica Zoom 2000 stereomicroscope and an Omax compound microscope. Specimens were positioned for photography under the stereomicroscope using cotton wool. The vulva and male leg II were slide mounted and cleared for examination in palm oil.</p>
<p>All
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
specimens have been deposited at the Universiti Malaysia Sabah's Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis.</p>
</sec>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Taxon treatments</title>
<sec sec-type="taxon-treatment">
<title>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</title>
<p>
<named-content content-type="taxon-authority">Wunderlich, 1995</named-content>
</p>
<list list-type="simple" list-content="nomenclature-citation-list">
<list-item>
<p content-type="nomenclature-citation">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
<named-content content-type="comment"> Wunderlich, 1995 –
<xref rid="B591969" ref-type="bibr">Wunderlich 1995</xref>
: 546;
<xref rid="B591979" ref-type="bibr">Miller et al. 2009</xref>
: 68.</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p content-type="nomenclature-citation">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
<named-content content-type="type-species">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
<named-content content-type="comment"> Wunderlich, 1995</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="taxon-treatment">
<title>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name" xlink:href="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDB4926E-0CBB-448F-B657-10373F6FD69F">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
<named-content content-type="taxon-status">sp. n.</named-content>
</title>
<p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDB4926E-0CBB-448F-B657-10373F6FD69F</p>
<sec sec-type="treatment-materials">
<title>Materials</title>
<list list-type="alpha-lower" list-content="occurrences">
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Holotype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140304.1:57H</named-content>
; recordedBy:
<named-content content-type="dwc:recordedBy">J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester</named-content>
; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">1</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">1 male</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
<named-content content-type="dwc:order">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; family:
<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4125</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLongitude">118.0392</named-content>
;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-04</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
; institutionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionCode">UMS</named-content>
; collectionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionCode">BORN</named-content>
; basisOfRecord:
<named-content content-type="dwc:basisOfRecord">PreservedSpecimen</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140304.1:57</named-content>
; recordedBy:
<named-content content-type="dwc:recordedBy">J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester</named-content>
; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">4</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">4 females</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
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</named-content>
; order:
<named-content content-type="dwc:order">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
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</named-content>
; family:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
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; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
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; decimalLongitude:
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;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-04</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140301.1:59</named-content>
; recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">8</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">2 males, 3 females, 3 juveniles</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
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; family:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E</named-content>
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; decimalLongitude:
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;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-01</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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</p>
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<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140301.1:113</named-content>
; recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">12</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">5 males, 3 females, 4 juveniles</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; family:
<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4125</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
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;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-01</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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</p>
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<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140301.1:121</named-content>
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; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">2</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">2 females</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
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; family:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
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; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
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; decimalLongitude:
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;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-01</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140301.1:60</named-content>
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; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">2</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">2 females</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
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; scientificNameAuthorship:
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;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
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;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-01</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
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<bold>Taxon:</bold>
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
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; genus:
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</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
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<bold>Location:</bold>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
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<bold>Event:</bold>
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<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
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<p>
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<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
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<bold>Taxon:</bold>
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<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
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; genus:
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<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
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<bold>Event:</bold>
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<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
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<p>
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<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
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<bold>Taxon:</bold>
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<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, Mallotus trail</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°25'N 118°2.08'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4666</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLongitude">118.0392</named-content>
;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-02-25</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
; institutionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionCode">UMS</named-content>
; collectionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionCode">BORN</named-content>
; basisOfRecord:
<named-content content-type="dwc:basisOfRecord">PreservedSpecimen</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140225M1</named-content>
; recordedBy:
<named-content content-type="dwc:recordedBy">J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester</named-content>
; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">1</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">1 male</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
<named-content content-type="dwc:order">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; family:
<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, Mallotus trail</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°25'N 118°2.08'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4666</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLongitude">118.0347</named-content>
;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-02-25</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
; institutionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionCode">UMS</named-content>
; collectionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionCode">BORN</named-content>
; basisOfRecord:
<named-content content-type="dwc:basisOfRecord">PreservedSpecimen</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140304.1:104</named-content>
; recordedBy:
<named-content content-type="dwc:recordedBy">J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester</named-content>
; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">16</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">4 males, 10 females, 2 juveniles</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
<named-content content-type="dwc:order">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; family:
<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4125</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLongitude">118.0392</named-content>
;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-01</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
; institutionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionCode">UMS</named-content>
; collectionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionCode">BORN</named-content>
; basisOfRecord:
<named-content content-type="dwc:basisOfRecord">PreservedSpecimen</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
<list-item>
<p>
<bold>Type status:</bold>
<named-content content-type="dwc:typeStatus">Paratype</named-content>
.
<bold>Occurrence:</bold>
catalogNumber:
<named-content content-type="dwc:catalogNumber">20140302.4:50</named-content>
; recordedBy:
<named-content content-type="dwc:recordedBy">J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester</named-content>
; individualCount:
<named-content content-type="dwc:individualCount">7</named-content>
; sex:
<named-content content-type="dwc:sex">2 males, 5 females</named-content>
;
<bold>Taxon:</bold>
scientificName:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificName">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; order:
<named-content content-type="dwc:order">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; family:
<named-content content-type="dwc:family">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Symphytognathidae</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; genus:
<named-content content-type="dwc:genus">
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</named-content>
; specificEpithet:
<named-content content-type="dwc:specificEpithet">danaugirangensis</named-content>
; taxonRank:
<named-content content-type="dwc:taxonRank">species</named-content>
; scientificNameAuthorship:
<named-content content-type="dwc:scientificNameAuthorship">Miller et al. 2014</named-content>
;
<bold>Location:</bold>
island:
<named-content content-type="dwc:island">Borneo</named-content>
; country:
<named-content content-type="dwc:country">Malaysia</named-content>
; stateProvince:
<named-content content-type="dwc:stateProvince">Sabah</named-content>
; locality:
<named-content content-type="dwc:locality">Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 4</named-content>
; verbatimCoordinates:
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates">5°24.5'N 118°2.4'E</named-content>
; decimalLatitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLatitude">5.4083</named-content>
; decimalLongitude:
<named-content content-type="dwc:decimalLongitude">118.04</named-content>
;
<bold>Event:</bold>
samplingProtocol:
<named-content content-type="dwc:samplingProtocol">dusting for webs</named-content>
; eventDate:
<named-content content-type="dwc:eventDate">2014-03-02</named-content>
;
<bold>Record Level:</bold>
institutionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionID">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</named-content>
; collectionID:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionID">Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis</named-content>
; institutionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:institutionCode">UMS</named-content>
; collectionCode:
<named-content content-type="dwc:collectionCode">BORN</named-content>
; basisOfRecord:
<named-content content-type="dwc:basisOfRecord">PreservedSpecimen</named-content>
</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="treatment-Description">
<title>Description</title>
<p>Coloration and gross somatic morphology as in Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588110">a</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588111">b</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588112">c</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588114">e</xref>
. Six eyes in three diads. Carapace dark brown, rough texture, raised in male (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
). Sternum brown. Legs orange, femora I and II slightly swollen basally in female. Patellae each with a dorsal macroseta. Dorsal tibial macrosetae 2-2-1-1, tibia I with prolateral macroseta. Male tibia II clasping spur a single ventral macroseta, male metatarsus II shape unmodified (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588115">f</xref>
, contrast with
<xref rid="B591979" ref-type="bibr">Miller et al. 2009</xref>
, fig. 80E). Abdomen ovoid in dorsal view, subtriangular in lateral view with spinnerets oriented ventrally, tan with narrow bowed black longitudinal stripes running about 3/2 the length and a thicker black lateral band running all around, dorsal area with several long sparsely placed setae (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588110">a</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588111">b</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588112">c</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
); male with single orange scutum laterally and posteriorly (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
), female without sclerite around spinnerets.</p>
<sec sec-type="Male palp">
<title>Male palp</title>
<p>Median apophysis (MA) with multiple lobes. Embolus (E) long, flexible, runs distally from median apophysis, then turns to run in proximal direction (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F597907">4</xref>
). Cymbium (CB) covers most of retrolateral face of bulb, with dark tooth-like processes (CT) near proximal dorsal part.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="Vulva">
<title>Vulva</title>
<p>Scape small and rounded. Round spermathecae separated by more than three times their diameter (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F593376">2</xref>
).</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="Measurements">
<title>Measurements</title>
<p>Male: Total length 0.7; carapace length 0.3, width 0.3, height 0.2. Female: Total length 0.9; carapace length 0.3, width 0.3, height 0.2.</p>
</sec>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="treatment-Diagnosis">
<title>Diagnosis</title>
<p>Distinctive abdominal coloration separates this from all other
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
species (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588110">a</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588111">b</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588112">c</xref>
,
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
); only this species and
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
Wunderlich, 1995 have longitudinal bands on abdomen (a broad light band on an otherwise dark gray abdomen in
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
,
<xref rid="B591969" ref-type="bibr">Wunderlich 1995</xref>
). Distinguished from
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
by the unicolor legs (banded in
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
,
<xref rid="B591969" ref-type="bibr">Wunderlich 1995</xref>
); male further distinguished from
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
by the presence of an abdominal scutum in the male (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588113">d</xref>
; absent in
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
,
<xref rid="B591969" ref-type="bibr">Wunderlich 1995</xref>
). Male distinguished from all except
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">haeneli</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
by the tibia II clasping spur consisting of only a single ventral macroseta (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588105">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F588115">f</xref>
; 2–4 in other species). Female distinguished from all other
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
species by the widely spaced spermathecae (separated by more than three times their diameter in this species, not more than 1.5 times their diameter in other species).</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="treatment-Etymology">
<title>Etymology</title>
<p>Named for the Danau Girang Field Centre, the type locality for this species.</p>
<p>The taxonomic authority for this species is attributed to all authors of this publication. In accordance with ICZN Recommendation 51C (
<xref rid="B605078" ref-type="bibr">International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999</xref>
), this species may be referred to as
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
Miller et al., 2014, provided the full citation of this publication appears in the bibliography or elsewhere in the referring work. At a time when scientific research in general is becoming more collaborative and multidisciplinary, it should not be surprising to find increasing numbers of authors responsible for nomenclatural acts. Arguably, the convention in zoology of referencing the authors of a taxonomic name (ICZN Article 51) rather than the source publication is anachronistic in contemporary multidisciplinary, collaborative science (
<xref rid="B606415" ref-type="bibr">Costello 2009</xref>
).</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="treatment-Distribution">
<title>Distribution</title>
<p>Known only from the forest of the Danau Girang Field Centre.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="treatment-Ecology">
<title>Ecology</title>
<p>This species builds a horizontal orb web approximately 4 cm in diameter, close to the ground (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F597218">3</xref>
).</p>
</sec>
</sec>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Analysis</title>
<p>A total of 79 adult ground-web-building spiders were collected during the plot survey. Overall ground web spider density was significantly higher in the riparian forest (5.2 per m
<sup>2</sup>
) compared to the other habitats investigated (1.3 and 1.75 per m
<sup>2</sup>
in riverine forest and oil palm plantation, respectively; ANOVA with Tukey's pairwise comparisons,
<italic>p</italic>
< 0.05).
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. was the most abundant species found with 38 adults (48.1%, 3.8 per m
<sup>2</sup>
). The next most abundant species overall was a member of the
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Hahniidae</named-content>
</named-content>
, with 7 individuals (8.9%).
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
was found only in the riparian forest plots. Plotless sampling in the oil palm plantation failed to find any
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
. See also Suppl. material
<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S606431">1</xref>
for raw morphospecies abundance data by plot.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="Discussion">
<title>Discussion</title>
<p>Periodic inundation is a regular feature of the forest at Danau Gurang. Some of the low lying forests, including botanical plots 2 and 3, were flooded one to two weeks prior to this study. In addition to
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
, the community of ground-web builders at Danau Girang includes linyphiids, mysmenids, theridiosomatids, and hahniids. The difference in ground web spider abundance found in the recently flooded and unflooded botanical plots can be attributed to the exclusive presence of
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
in the unflooded plots (Fig.
<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F597940">5</xref>
, Table
<xref ref-type="table" rid="T597935">1</xref>
); reanalysis of the data without
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
erases the difference in ground-web spider density between the habitat types (ANOVA,
<italic>p</italic>
= 0.88). This suggests that
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
is particularly sensitive to forest disturbance, whether this is due to natural causes like flooding or profound anthropogenic causes such as palm oil agriculture.</p>
<p>As a coda to the field course, we organized a
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
blitz. Students, instructors, and DGFC staff were organized into teams of two and sent to various points around the trail network. Each team used a sock to contain a quantity of corn starch, which when lightly tapped over the leaf litter, suffices as a puffer. Teams were trained to identify
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
webs, and were asked to search for webs in their assigned area for 10 minutes. Teams were asked to photodocument a sample of the webs they observed, especially any observations about which they were not entirely certain. The results show that
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
is widespread along the DGFC trail network, but is rare if not absent in the most recently flooded forest patches. This raises the question: does
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
actually prefer riparian forest over riverine forest, or is this the case only shortly after an inundation event? To answer this question, further study of this species will be required. But in the absence of a durable and accessible taxonomy, it becomes virtually impossible to accumulate knowledge about a species between studies conducted by independent researchers. Until now,
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
was one of countless undescribed species. The ecological sensitivity of this species suggested by our brief study calls for further observation and monitoring. It also raises new questions about the inundation forest ecology of the invertebrates at a research station normally focused on some of the world's most charismatic vertebrates. The taxonomic description presented here and made accessible to all via an open access cybertaxonomic journal will facilitate this activity.</p>
<sec sec-type="Epilogue">
<title>Epilogue</title>
<p>According to the investigation of
<xref rid="B605138" ref-type="bibr">Fontaine et al. (2012)</xref>
, the average time from collection to description of a new species is 21 years, something that we, with an unusually high level of cooperation throughout the research cycle, accomplished within one month. Cybertaxonomic enhancements, such as the simultaneous appearance of the species description on the Encyclopedia of Life and the occurrence data on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GIBF), increase the routes available to access some of the key data presented here. While we don't generally endorse applying such a frenetic pace to the meticulous and detailed scholarship of taxonomy, we do support a multifaceted approach creatively employing traditional and cybertaxonomic tools to reduce the number of undescribed species and increase the availability of fundamental taxonomic information.</p>
</sec>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="supplementary-material">
<title>Supplementary Material</title>
<supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="S606431">
<label>Supplementary material 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Spider morphospecies sampled from riparian forest, riverine forest, and oil palm plantation</p>
</caption>
<p>Data type: Structured sampling data</p>
<p>Brief description: Adult ground-web-building spider morphospecies sampled from 1 m
<sup>2</sup>
plots in the Danau Girang botanical plots and nearby Hilco Estate oil palm plantation. The number of 1 m
<sup>2</sup>
plots in each site is given as
<italic>n</italic>
. Botanical plots 1 and 4 are riparian forest habitat, plots 2 and 3 are riverine forest habitat subject to frequent inundation.</p>
<p>File: oo_6233.xls</p>
<media xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-s001.xls" mimetype="Microsoft Excel Document" mime-subtype="xls" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d36e3004" position="anchor"></media>
<attrib specific-use="authors">Jeremy A. Miller, Jennie Lilliendahl Burmester, Lot van der Graaf</attrib>
</supplementary-material>
<supplementary-material id="BDJ.2.e1076-treatment1" content-type="local-data">
<caption>
<title>XML Treatment for
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
</title>
</caption>
<media xlink:href="BDJ.2.e1076-treatment1.xml" mimetype="text" mime-subtype="xml"></media>
</supplementary-material>
<supplementary-material id="BDJ.2.e1076-treatment2" content-type="local-data">
<caption>
<title>XML Treatment for
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</title>
</caption>
<media xlink:href="BDJ.2.e1076-treatment2.xml" mimetype="text" mime-subtype="xml"></media>
</supplementary-material>
</sec>
</body>
<back>
<ack>
<title>Acknowledgements</title>
<p>Sergei Zonstein and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive comments on the manuscript. Thanks to Kalsum Yusah for facilitating the deposition of type specimens at the Universiti Malaysia Sabah's Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis (BORN), and to Rudy Jocqué and Rowley Snazell for rapidly responding to requests for literature. We thank the Naturalis Biodiversity Center for their support of the Tropical Field Ecology course. Tom Fayle was funded by a Czech Science Foundation Standard Grant (14-32302S), Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP140101541), and Yayasan Sime Darby. Thanks to Cynthia Parr and Katja Schulz (Encyclopedia of Life), Tim Robertson and Tim Hirsch (GBIF), and Lyubomir Penev and the Pensoft team for their extraordinary help with this manuscript and data dissemination. Special thanks to all the staff and families at the Danau Girang Field Centre.</p>
</ack>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
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</person-group>
<year>2012</year>
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<source>Current Biology</source>
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<fpage>R943</fpage>
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<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.029</pub-id>
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<person-group person-group-type="author">
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<surname>Nomenclature</surname>
<given-names>International Commission on Zoological</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<year>1999</year>
<article-title>International Code of Zoological Nomenclature</article-title>
<edition>Fourth Edition</edition>
<publisher-name>The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature</publisher-name>
<size units="page">306</size>
</element-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B591979">
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<name>
<surname>Miller</surname>
<given-names>Jeremy</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Griswold</surname>
<given-names>Charles</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yin</surname>
<given-names>Chang</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<year>2009</year>
<article-title>The symphytognathoid spiders of the Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China (
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
:
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="superfamily">Araneoidea</named-content>
</named-content>
): Systematics and diversity of micro-orbweavers</article-title>
<source>ZooKeys</source>
<volume>11</volume>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>195</lpage>
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</element-citation>
</ref>
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<name>
<surname>Wunderlich</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<year>1995</year>
<article-title>Drei bisher unbekannte Arten und Gattungen der Familie
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="family">Anapidae</named-content>
</named-content>
(s.l.) aus Süd-Afrika, Brasilien und Malaysia (
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="class">Arachnida</named-content>
</named-content>
:
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="order">Araneae</named-content>
</named-content>
)</article-title>
<source>Beiträge zur Araneologie</source>
<volume>4</volume>
<fpage>543</fpage>
<lpage>551</lpage>
</element-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
<floats-group>
<fig-group id="F588105" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., somatic morphology.</p>
</caption>
<fig id="F588110" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1a.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., female, dorsal view. Scale bar 1 mm.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_a"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F588111" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1b.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., male, dorsal view. Scale bar 1 mm.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_b"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F588112" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1c.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., female, lateral view, left side legs removed. Scale bar 1 mm.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_c"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F588113" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1d.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., male, lateral view, left side legs removed. Scale bar 1 mm.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_d"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F588114" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1e.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., female, ventral view. Scale bar 1 mm.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_e"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F588115" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1f.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., male, left leg II, retrolateral view.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g001_f"></graphic>
</fig>
</fig-group>
<fig id="F593376" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., vulva, dorsal view, cleared in palm oil. S, spermatheca.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F597218" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. in web after being dusted with corn starch.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g003"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F597907" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 4.</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n., left male palp, prolateral view. CB, cymbium; CT, cymbial tooth; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; T, tegulum.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g004"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="F597940" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 5.</label>
<caption>
<p>Density of
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n. as a proportion of all adult ground-web-building spiders sampled from 1 m
<sup>2</sup>
plots in riparian forest, riverine forest, and oil palm plantation. See Suppl. material
<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S606431">1</xref>
for raw morphospecies abundance data.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="biodiversity_data_journal-2-e1076-g005"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="T597935" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table 1.</label>
<caption>
<p>Environmental data and results from the plot survey. Tree species richness and total number of trees (tree count) in four 0.25 ha plots are reported. Number of oil palms per 0.25 ha was estimated using Google Earth (images dated 2009), and tree species richness was assumed to be approximately 1. Sample sizes in parentheses refer to the number of 1 m
<sup>2</sup>
samples within each botanical plot. Spider data are adults per square meter ± standard error. See also Suppl. material
<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S606431">1</xref>
for raw morphospecies abundance data.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="all" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2">Riparian forest</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="2">Riverine forest</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oil palm plantation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Botanical plot 1 (
<italic>n</italic>
= 6)</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Botanical plot 4 (
<italic>n</italic>
= 4)</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Botanical plot 2 (
<italic>n</italic>
= 6)</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Botanical plot 3 (
<italic>n</italic>
= 4)</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">(
<italic>n</italic>
= 8)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tree species</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">51</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">45</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">31</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">32</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tree count</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">179</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">164</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">219</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">178</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Spiders</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5 ± 1.7</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">3.25 ± 1.7</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.5 ± 0.5</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.0 ± 0.4</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.3 ± 1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>
<named-content content-type="taxon-name">
<named-content content-type="genus">Crassignatha</named-content>
<named-content content-type="species">danaugirangensis</named-content>
</named-content>
</italic>
sp. n.</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.2 ± 1.1</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.8 ± 1.8</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
<td rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
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