Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model
Identifieur interne : 001852 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001851; suivant : 001853Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model
Auteurs : Kent J. Bradford ; Roberto L. Benech-Arnold ; Daniel Cme ; Franoise CorbineauSource :
- Journal of Experimental Botany [ 0022-0957 ] ; 2008-01-21.
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds (grains) exhibit dormancy at maturity that is largely due to the presence of the glumellae (hulls) that reduce the availability of oxygen (O2) to the embryo. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O2 to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O2, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O2 requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O2 penetration. However, embryo O2 thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O2 and embryo sensitivity to O2 contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O2, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O2 availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O2ABA and O2GA interactions required consideration of these O2 effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O2, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O2 diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.
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DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erm315
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San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cme, Daniel" sort="Cme, Daniel" uniqKey="Cme D" first="Daniel" last="Cme">Daniel Cme</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corbineau, Franoise" sort="Corbineau, Franoise" uniqKey="Corbineau F" first="Franoise" last="Corbineau">Franoise Corbineau</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3</idno><date when="2008" year="2008">2008</date><idno type="doi">10.1093/jxb/erm315</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001852</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title><author><name sortKey="Bradford, Kent J" sort="Bradford, Kent J" uniqKey="Bradford K" first="Kent J." last="Bradford">Kent J. Bradford</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8780, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: kjbradford@ucdavis.edu</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Benech Arnold, Roberto L" sort="Benech Arnold, Roberto L" uniqKey="Benech Arnold R" first="Roberto L." last="Benech-Arnold">Roberto L. Benech-Arnold</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IFEVA-Ctedra de Cerealicultura Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Av. San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cme, Daniel" sort="Cme, Daniel" uniqKey="Cme D" first="Daniel" last="Cme">Daniel Cme</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corbineau, Franoise" sort="Corbineau, Franoise" uniqKey="Corbineau F" first="Franoise" last="Corbineau">Franoise Corbineau</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Experimental Botany</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-0957</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-2431</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2008-01-21">2008-01-21</date><biblScope unit="volume">59</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="335">335</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="347">347</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-0957</idno></series><idno type="istex">90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/jxb/erm315</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-0957</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds (grains) exhibit dormancy at maturity that is largely due to the presence of the glumellae (hulls) that reduce the availability of oxygen (O2) to the embryo. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O2 to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O2, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O2 requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O2 penetration. However, embryo O2 thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O2 and embryo sensitivity to O2 contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O2, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O2 availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O2ABA and O2GA interactions required consideration of these O2 effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O2, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O2 diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>oup</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Kent J. Bradford</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8780, USA</json:string><json:string>E-mail: kjbradford@ucdavis.edu</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Roberto L. Benech-Arnold</name><affiliations><json:string>IFEVA-Ctedra de Cerealicultura Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Av. 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In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O2 to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O2, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O2 requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O2 penetration. However, embryo O2 thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O2 and embryo sensitivity to O2 contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O2, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O2 availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O2ABA and O2GA interactions required consideration of these O2 effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O2, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O2 diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.88</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 791 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>9</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1609</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7584</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>46056</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>240</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>59</volume><publisherId><json:string>exbotj</json:string></publisherId><pages><last>347</last><first>335</first></pages><issn><json:string>0022-0957</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1460-2431</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Experimental Botany</title></host><categories><wos><json:string>PLANT SCIENCES</json:string></wos></categories><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1093/jxb/erm315</json:string></doi><id>90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3</id><score>0.21531673</score><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title><respStmt><resp>Références bibliographiques récupérées via GROBID</resp><name resp="ISTEX-API">ISTEX-API (INIST-CNRS)</name></respStmt></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><availability status="free"><p>Open Access</p></availability><date>2008-01-21</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title><author xml:id="author-1" corresp="yes"><persName><forename type="first">Kent J.</forename><surname>Bradford</surname></persName><email>kjbradford@ucdavis.edu</email><affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8780, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Roberto L.</forename><surname>Benech-Arnold</surname></persName><affiliation>IFEVA-Ctedra de Cerealicultura Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Av. San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Daniel</forename><surname>Cme</surname></persName><affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Franoise</forename><surname>Corbineau</surname></persName><affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Experimental Botany</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-0957</idno><idno type="eISSN">1460-2431</idno><imprint><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><date type="published" when="2008-01-21"></date><biblScope unit="volume">59</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="335">335</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="347">347</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1093/jxb/erm315</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2008-01-21</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds (grains) exhibit dormancy at maturity that is largely due to the presence of the glumellae (hulls) that reduce the availability of oxygen (O2) to the embryo. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O2 to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O2, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O2 requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O2 penetration. However, embryo O2 thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O2 and embryo sensitivity to O2 contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O2, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O2 availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O2ABA and O2GA interactions required consideration of these O2 effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O2, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O2 diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><item><term>Research Paper</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Abscisic acid</term></item><item><term>barley</term></item><item><term>germination</term></item><item><term>gibberellin</term></item><item><term>Hordeum vulgare L.</term></item><item><term>model</term></item><item><term>oxygen</term></item><item><term>sensitivity</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-01-21">Created</change><change when="2008-01-21">Published</change><change xml:id="refBibs-istex" who="#ISTEX-API" when="2016-10-14">References added</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus oup" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="journalpublishing.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jexbot</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">exbotj</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Experimental Botany</journal-title><issn pub-type="epub">1460-2431</issn><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-0957</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/jxb/erm315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Research Paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Bradford</surname><given-names>Kent J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Benech-Arnold</surname><given-names>Roberto L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Côme</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Corbineau</surname><given-names>Françoise</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8780, USA</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>IFEVA-Cátedra de Cerealicultura Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Av. San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Végétale Appliquée, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Boîte 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>kjbradford@ucdavis.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub"><month>2</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>1</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>335</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day><month>8</month><year>2007</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2007</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2007</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2008 The Author(s).</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p><p>This paper is available online free of all access charges (see <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html">http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html</ext-link> for further details)</p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Barley (<italic>Hordeum vulgare</italic> L.) seeds (grains) exhibit dormancy at maturity that is largely due to the presence of the glumellae (hulls) that reduce the availability of oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) to the embryo. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O<sub>2</sub> to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O<sub>2</sub>, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O<sub>2</sub> requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O<sub>2</sub> penetration. However, embryo O<sub>2</sub> thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O<sub>2</sub> and embryo sensitivity to O<sub>2</sub> contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O<sub>2</sub>, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O<sub>2</sub> availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O<sub>2</sub>–ABA and O<sub>2</sub>–GA interactions required consideration of these O<sub>2</sub> effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O<sub>2</sub>, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O<sub>2</sub> diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Abscisic acid</kwd><kwd>barley</kwd><kwd>germination</kwd><kwd>gibberellin</kwd><kwd><italic>Hordeum vulgare</italic> L.</kwd><kwd>model</kwd><kwd>oxygen</kwd><kwd>sensitivity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Quantifying the sensitivity of barley seed germination to oxygen, abscisic acid, and gibberellin using a population-based threshold model</title></titleInfo><name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp"><namePart type="given">Kent J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bradford</namePart><affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8780, USA</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: kjbradford@ucdavis.edu</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Roberto L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Benech-Arnold</namePart><affiliation>IFEVA-Ctedra de Cerealicultura Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Av. San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Daniel</namePart><namePart type="family">Cme</namePart><affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Franoise</namePart><namePart type="family">Corbineau</namePart><affiliation>Universit Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Physiologie Vgtale Applique, EA 2388 Physiologie des semences, Site d'Ivry, Bote 152, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article"></genre><subject><topic>Research Paper</topic></subject><originInfo><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-01-21</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2008-01-21</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract>Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds (grains) exhibit dormancy at maturity that is largely due to the presence of the glumellae (hulls) that reduce the availability of oxygen (O2) to the embryo. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAS) interact with O2 to regulate barley seed dormancy. A population-based threshold model was applied to quantify the sensitivities of seeds and excised embryos to O2, ABA, and GA, and to their interactive effects. The median O2 requirement for germination of dormant intact barley seeds was 400-fold greater than for excised embryos, indicating that the tissues enclosing the embryo markedly limit O2 penetration. However, embryo O2 thresholds decreased by another order of magnitude following after-ripening. Thus, increases in both permeability of the hull to O2 and embryo sensitivity to O2 contribute to the improvement in germination capacity during after-ripening. Both ABA and GA had relatively small effects on the sensitivity of germination to O2, but ABA and GA thresholds varied over several orders of magnitude in response to O2 availability, with sensitivity to ABA increasing and sensitivity to GA decreasing with hypoxia. Simple additive models of O2ABA and O2GA interactions required consideration of these O2 effects on hormone sensitivity to account for actual germination patterns. These quantitative and interactive relationships among O2, ABA, and GA sensitivities provide insight into how dormancy and germination are regulated by a combination of physical (O2 diffusion through the hull) and physiological (ABA and GA sensitivities) factors.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Abscisic acid</topic><topic>barley</topic><topic>germination</topic><topic>gibberellin</topic><topic>Hordeum vulgare L.</topic><topic>model</topic><topic>oxygen</topic><topic>sensitivity</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Experimental Botany</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0022-0957</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1460-2431</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">exbotj</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">jexbot</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>59</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>335</start><end>347</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1093/jxb/erm315</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="open-access">This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>OUP</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><covers><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>image/tiff</mimetype><extension>tiff</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/covers/tiff</uri></json:item><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>text/html</mimetype><extension>html</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/covers/html</uri></json:item></covers><annexes><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>image/jpeg</mimetype><extension>jpeg</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/annexes/jpeg</uri></json:item><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>image/gif</mimetype><extension>gif</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/annexes/gif</uri></json:item><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/annexes/pdf</uri></json:item></annexes><enrichments><istex:catWosTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/enrichments/catWos"><teiHeader><profileDesc><textClass><classCode scheme="WOS">PLANT SCIENCES</classCode></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:catWosTEI><json:item><type>refBibs</type><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/90059439D98BAEED525E48FC28E469AFD4EB95D3/enrichments/refBibs</uri></json:item></enrichments><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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