The economic approach to ‘theory of mind’
Identifieur interne : 002609 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002608; suivant : 002610The economic approach to ‘theory of mind’
Auteurs : Nikolaus Robalino ; Arthur RobsonSource :
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8436 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Theory of mind (
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DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0124
PubMed: 22734065
PubMed Central: 3385689
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The economic approach to ‘theory of mind’</title><author><name sortKey="Robalino, Nikolaus" sort="Robalino, Nikolaus" uniqKey="Robalino N" first="Nikolaus" last="Robalino">Nikolaus Robalino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robson, Arthur" sort="Robson, Arthur" uniqKey="Robson A" first="Arthur" last="Robson">Arthur Robson</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22734065</idno><idno type="pmc">3385689</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3385689</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3385689</idno><idno type="doi">10.1098/rstb.2012.0124</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002609</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002609</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The economic approach to ‘theory of mind’</title><author><name sortKey="Robalino, Nikolaus" sort="Robalino, Nikolaus" uniqKey="Robalino N" first="Nikolaus" last="Robalino">Nikolaus Robalino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robson, Arthur" sort="Robson, Arthur" uniqKey="Robson A" first="Arthur" last="Robson">Arthur Robson</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">0962-8436</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-2970</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Theory of mind (<italic>ToM</italic>) is a great evolutionary achievement. It is a special intelligence that can assess not only one's own desires and beliefs, but also those of others. Whether it is uniquely human or not is controversial, but it is clear that humans are, at least, significantly better at <italic>ToM</italic> than any other animal. Economists and game theorists have developed sophisticated and powerful models of <italic>ToM</italic> and we provide a detailed summary of this here. This economic <italic>ToM</italic> entails a hierarchy of beliefs. I know my preferences, and I have beliefs (a probabilistic distribution) about your preferences, beliefs about your beliefs about my preferences, and so on. We then contrast this economic <italic>ToM</italic> with the theoretical approaches of neuroscience and with empirical data in general. Although this economic view provides a benchmark and makes useful suggestions about empirical tendencies, it does not always generate a close fit with the data. This provides an opportunity for a synergistic interdisciplinary production of a falsifiable theory of bounded rationality. In particular, a <italic>ToM</italic> that is founded on evolutionary biology might well be sufficiently structured to have predictive power, while remaining quite general. We sketch two papers that represent preliminary steps in this direction.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSTB</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royptb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0962-8436</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1471-2970</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22734065</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3385689</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rstb.2012.0124</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rstb20120124</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>70</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="leader"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The economic approach to ‘theory of mind’</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Review. Economic theory of mind</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Robalino</surname><given-names>Nikolaus</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Robson</surname><given-names>Arthur</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff><addr-line>Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Author for correspondence (<email>robson@sfu.ca</email>).</corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>One contribution of 15 to a Theme Issue ‘<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1599.toc">New thinking: the evolution of human cognition</ext-link>’.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>5</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>367</volume><issue>1599</issue><issue-title>Theme Issue 'New thinking: the evolution of human cognition' compiled and edited by Cecilia Heyes and Uta Frith</issue-title><fpage>2224</fpage><lpage>2233</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>This journal is © 2012 The Royal Society</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="rstb20120124.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Theory of mind (<italic>ToM</italic>) is a great evolutionary achievement. It is a special intelligence that can assess not only one's own desires and beliefs, but also those of others. Whether it is uniquely human or not is controversial, but it is clear that humans are, at least, significantly better at <italic>ToM</italic> than any other animal. Economists and game theorists have developed sophisticated and powerful models of <italic>ToM</italic> and we provide a detailed summary of this here. This economic <italic>ToM</italic> entails a hierarchy of beliefs. I know my preferences, and I have beliefs (a probabilistic distribution) about your preferences, beliefs about your beliefs about my preferences, and so on. We then contrast this economic <italic>ToM</italic> with the theoretical approaches of neuroscience and with empirical data in general. Although this economic view provides a benchmark and makes useful suggestions about empirical tendencies, it does not always generate a close fit with the data. This provides an opportunity for a synergistic interdisciplinary production of a falsifiable theory of bounded rationality. In particular, a <italic>ToM</italic> that is founded on evolutionary biology might well be sufficiently structured to have predictive power, while remaining quite general. We sketch two papers that represent preliminary steps in this direction.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>theory of mind</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>game theory</kwd><kwd>economics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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