Effect of Visuo-Motor Co-location on 3D Fitts' Task Performance in Physical and Virtual Environments
Identifieur interne : 001768 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001767; suivant : 001769Effect of Visuo-Motor Co-location on 3D Fitts' Task Performance in Physical and Virtual Environments
Auteurs : Michael J. Fu [États-Unis] ; Andrew D. Hershberger [États-Unis] ; Kumiko Sano [États-Unis] ; M. Cenk Çavu O Lu [États-Unis]Source :
- Presence (Cambridge, Mass.) [ 1054-7460 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Given the ease that humans have with using a keyboard and mouse in typical, non-colocated computer interaction, many studies have investigated the value of co-locating the visual field and motor workspaces using immersive display modalities. Significant understanding has been gained by previous work comparing physical tasks against virtual tasks, visuo-motor co-location versus non-colocation, and even visuo-motor rotational misalignments in virtual environments (VEs). However, few studies have explored all of these paradigms in context with each other and it is difficult to perform inter-study comparisons because of the variation in tested motor tasks. Therefore, using a stereoscopic fish tank display setup, the goal for the current study was to characterize human performance of a 3D Fitts' point-to-point reaching task using a stylus-based haptic interface in the physical, co-located/non-colocated, and rotated VE visualization conditions.Five performance measures – throughput, initial movement error, corrective movements, and peak velocity – were measured and used to evaluate task performance. These measures were studied in 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female, ages 20–32) performing a 3D variant of Fitts' serial task under 10 task conditions: physical, co-located VE, non-colocated VE, and rotated VEs from 45–315° in 45° increments.
All performance measures in the co-located VE were expected to reflect significantly reduced task performance over the real condition, but also reflect increased performance over the non-colocated VE condition. For rotational misalignments, all performance measures were expected to reflect highest performance at 0°, reduce to lowest performance at 90° and rise again to a local maximum at 180° (symmetric about 0°).
All performance measures showed that the co-located VE condition resulted in significantly lower task performance than the physical condition and higher mean performance than the non-colocated VE condition, but the difference was not statistically significant. Also, rotation misalignments showed that task performance were mostly reduced to minimums at 90°, 135°, and 225°. We conclude that co-located VEs may not significantly improve point-to-point reaching performance over non-colocated VEs. Also, visual rotations of ±45° affected throughput, efficiency, peak velocity, and initial movement error, but the number of corrective movements were not affected until ±90°.
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PubMed: 24348003
PubMed Central: 3860595
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Hershberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sano, Kumiko" sort="Sano, Kumiko" uniqKey="Sano K" first="Kumiko" last="Sano">Kumiko Sano</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" sort="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" uniqKey="Cavu O Lu M" first="M. Cenk" last="Çavu O Lu">M. Cenk Çavu O Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24348003</idno><idno type="pmc">3860595</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860595</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3860595</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001711</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001711</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001768</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Effect of Visuo-Motor Co-location on 3D Fitts' Task Performance in Physical and Virtual Environments</title><author><name sortKey="Fu, Michael J" sort="Fu, Michael J" uniqKey="Fu M" first="Michael J." last="Fu">Michael J. Fu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A1">Cleveland FES Center of Excellence, Louis Stokes Cleveland Dept. of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Cleveland FES Center of Excellence, Louis Stokes Cleveland Dept. of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hershberger, Andrew D" sort="Hershberger, Andrew D" uniqKey="Hershberger A" first="Andrew D." last="Hershberger">Andrew D. Hershberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sano, Kumiko" sort="Sano, Kumiko" uniqKey="Sano K" first="Kumiko" last="Sano">Kumiko Sano</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" sort="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" uniqKey="Cavu O Lu M" first="M. Cenk" last="Çavu O Lu">M. Cenk Çavu O Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="A2">Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Ohio</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Presence (Cambridge, Mass.)</title><idno type="ISSN">1054-7460</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-3263</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Given the ease that humans have with using a keyboard and mouse in typical, non-colocated computer interaction, many studies have investigated the value of co-locating the visual field and motor workspaces using immersive display modalities. Significant understanding has been gained by previous work comparing physical tasks against virtual tasks, visuo-motor co-location versus non-colocation, and even visuo-motor rotational misalignments in virtual environments (VEs). However, few studies have explored all of these paradigms in context with each other and it is difficult to perform inter-study comparisons because of the variation in tested motor tasks. Therefore, using a stereoscopic fish tank display setup, the goal for the current study was to characterize human performance of a 3D Fitts' point-to-point reaching task using a stylus-based haptic interface in the physical, co-located/non-colocated, and rotated VE visualization conditions.Five performance measures – throughput, initial movement error, corrective movements, and peak velocity – were measured and used to evaluate task performance. These measures were studied in 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female, ages 20–32) performing a 3D variant of Fitts' serial task under 10 task conditions: physical, co-located VE, non-colocated VE, and rotated VEs from 45–315° in 45° increments.</p><sec id="S1"><title>Hypotheses</title><p id="P2">All performance measures in the co-located VE were expected to reflect significantly reduced task performance over the real condition, but also reflect increased performance over the non-colocated VE condition. For rotational misalignments, all performance measures were expected to reflect highest performance at 0°, reduce to lowest performance at 90° and rise again to a local maximum at 180° (symmetric about 0°).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">All performance measures showed that the co-located VE condition resulted in significantly lower task performance than the physical condition and higher mean performance than the non-colocated VE condition, but the difference was not statistically significant. Also, rotation misalignments showed that task performance were mostly reduced to minimums at 90°, 135°, and 225°. We conclude that co-located VEs may not significantly improve point-to-point reaching performance over non-colocated VEs. Also, visual rotations of ±45° affected throughput, efficiency, peak velocity, and initial movement error, but the number of corrective movements were not affected until ±90°.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">100971508</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">22641</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Presence (Camb)</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Presence (Camb)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Presence (Cambridge, Mass.)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1054-7460</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1531-3263</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24348003</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3860595</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS495897</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Effect of Visuo-Motor Co-location on 3D Fitts' Task Performance in Physical and Virtual Environments</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fu</surname><given-names>Michael J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hershberger</surname><given-names>Andrew D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sano</surname><given-names>Kumiko</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Çavuşoğlu</surname><given-names>M. Cenk</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Cleveland FES Center of Excellence, Louis Stokes Cleveland Dept. of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA</aff><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>16</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Summer</season><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>305</fpage><lpage>320</lpage><abstract><p id="P1">Given the ease that humans have with using a keyboard and mouse in typical, non-colocated computer interaction, many studies have investigated the value of co-locating the visual field and motor workspaces using immersive display modalities. Significant understanding has been gained by previous work comparing physical tasks against virtual tasks, visuo-motor co-location versus non-colocation, and even visuo-motor rotational misalignments in virtual environments (VEs). However, few studies have explored all of these paradigms in context with each other and it is difficult to perform inter-study comparisons because of the variation in tested motor tasks. Therefore, using a stereoscopic fish tank display setup, the goal for the current study was to characterize human performance of a 3D Fitts' point-to-point reaching task using a stylus-based haptic interface in the physical, co-located/non-colocated, and rotated VE visualization conditions.Five performance measures – throughput, initial movement error, corrective movements, and peak velocity – were measured and used to evaluate task performance. These measures were studied in 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female, ages 20–32) performing a 3D variant of Fitts' serial task under 10 task conditions: physical, co-located VE, non-colocated VE, and rotated VEs from 45–315° in 45° increments.</p><sec id="S1"><title>Hypotheses</title><p id="P2">All performance measures in the co-located VE were expected to reflect significantly reduced task performance over the real condition, but also reflect increased performance over the non-colocated VE condition. For rotational misalignments, all performance measures were expected to reflect highest performance at 0°, reduce to lowest performance at 90° and rise again to a local maximum at 180° (symmetric about 0°).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">All performance measures showed that the co-located VE condition resulted in significantly lower task performance than the physical condition and higher mean performance than the non-colocated VE condition, but the difference was not statistically significant. Also, rotation misalignments showed that task performance were mostly reduced to minimums at 90°, 135°, and 225°. We conclude that co-located VEs may not significantly improve point-to-point reaching performance over non-colocated VEs. Also, visual rotations of ±45° affected throughput, efficiency, peak velocity, and initial movement error, but the number of corrective movements were not affected until ±90°.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute : NHLBI</funding-source><award-id>R21 HL096941 || HL</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Ohio</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Ohio"><name sortKey="Fu, Michael J" sort="Fu, Michael J" uniqKey="Fu M" first="Michael J." last="Fu">Michael J. Fu</name></region><name sortKey="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" sort="Cavu O Lu, M Cenk" uniqKey="Cavu O Lu M" first="M. Cenk" last="Çavu O Lu">M. Cenk Çavu O Lu</name><name sortKey="Hershberger, Andrew D" sort="Hershberger, Andrew D" uniqKey="Hershberger A" first="Andrew D." last="Hershberger">Andrew D. Hershberger</name><name sortKey="Sano, Kumiko" sort="Sano, Kumiko" uniqKey="Sano K" first="Kumiko" last="Sano">Kumiko Sano</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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