Predictive mechanisms in the control of contour following
Identifieur interne : 001072 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001071; suivant : 001073Predictive mechanisms in the control of contour following
Auteurs : Julian J. Tramper [États-Unis, Pays-Bas] ; Martha Flanders [États-Unis]Source :
- Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Experimentation cerebrale [ 0014-4819 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
In haptic exploration, when running a fingertip along a surface, the control system may attempt to anticipate upcoming changes in curvature in order to maintain a consistent level of contact force. Such predictive mechanisms are well known in the visual system, but have yet to be studied in the somatosensory system. Thus the present experiment was designed to reveal human capabilities for different types of haptic prediction. A robot arm with a large 3D workspace was attached to the index fingertip and was programmed to produce virtual surfaces with curvatures that varied within and across trials. With eyes closed, subjects moved the fingertip around elliptical hoops with flattened regions or Limaçon shapes, where the curvature varied continuously. Subjects anticipated the corner of the flattened region rather poorly, but for the Limaçon shapes they varied finger speed with upcoming curvature according to the two-thirds power law. Furthermore, although the Limaçon shapes were randomly presented in various 3D orientations, modulation of contact force also indicated good anticipation of upcoming changes in curvature. The results demonstrate that it is difficult to haptically anticipate the spatial location of an abrupt change in curvature, but smooth changes in curvature may be facilitated by anticipatory predictions.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3529-x
PubMed: 23649968
PubMed Central: 3691064
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">In haptic exploration, when running a fingertip along a surface, the control system may attempt to anticipate upcoming changes in curvature in order to maintain a consistent level of contact force. Such predictive mechanisms are well known in the visual system, but have yet to be studied in the somatosensory system. Thus the present experiment was designed to reveal human capabilities for different types of haptic prediction. A robot arm with a large 3D workspace was attached to the index fingertip and was programmed to produce virtual surfaces with curvatures that varied within and across trials. With eyes closed, subjects moved the fingertip around elliptical hoops with flattened regions or Limaçon shapes, where the curvature varied continuously. Subjects anticipated the corner of the flattened region rather poorly, but for the Limaçon shapes they varied finger speed with upcoming curvature according to the two-thirds power law. Furthermore, although the Limaçon shapes were randomly presented in various 3D orientations, modulation of contact force also indicated good anticipation of upcoming changes in curvature. The results demonstrate that it is difficult to haptically anticipate the spatial location of an abrupt change in curvature, but smooth changes in curvature may be facilitated by anticipatory predictions.</p>
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University of Minnesota, Department of Neuroscience, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA</aff>
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Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Department of Biophysics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to: Martha Flanders, Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA, <email>fland001@umn.edu</email>
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<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day>
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<year>2014</year>
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<volume>227</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>535</fpage>
<lpage>546</lpage>
<abstract><p id="P1">In haptic exploration, when running a fingertip along a surface, the control system may attempt to anticipate upcoming changes in curvature in order to maintain a consistent level of contact force. Such predictive mechanisms are well known in the visual system, but have yet to be studied in the somatosensory system. Thus the present experiment was designed to reveal human capabilities for different types of haptic prediction. A robot arm with a large 3D workspace was attached to the index fingertip and was programmed to produce virtual surfaces with curvatures that varied within and across trials. With eyes closed, subjects moved the fingertip around elliptical hoops with flattened regions or Limaçon shapes, where the curvature varied continuously. Subjects anticipated the corner of the flattened region rather poorly, but for the Limaçon shapes they varied finger speed with upcoming curvature according to the two-thirds power law. Furthermore, although the Limaçon shapes were randomly presented in various 3D orientations, modulation of contact force also indicated good anticipation of upcoming changes in curvature. The results demonstrate that it is difficult to haptically anticipate the spatial location of an abrupt change in curvature, but smooth changes in curvature may be facilitated by anticipatory predictions.</p>
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<kwd-group><kwd>active sensing</kwd>
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<funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke : NINDS</funding-source>
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