Ambiguity in Tactile Apparent Motion Perception
Identifieur interne : 004230 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 004229; suivant : 004231Ambiguity in Tactile Apparent Motion Perception
Auteurs : Emanuela Liaci [Allemagne] ; Michael Bach [Allemagne] ; Ludger Tebartz Van Elst [Allemagne] ; Sven P. Heinrich [Allemagne] ; Jürgen Kornmeier [Allemagne]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
In von Schiller’s Stroboscopic Alternative Motion (SAM) stimulus two visually presented diagonal dot pairs, located on the corners of an imaginary rectangle, alternate with each other and induce either horizontal, vertical or, rarely, rotational motion percepts. SAM motion perception can be described by a psychometric function of the dot aspect ratio (“AR”, i.e. the relation between vertical and horizontal dot distances). Further, with equal horizontal and vertical dot distances (AR = 1) perception is biased towards vertical motion. In a series of five experiments, we presented tactile SAM versions and studied the role of AR and of different reference frames for the perception of tactile apparent motion.
We presented tactile SAM stimuli and varied the ARs, while participants reported the perceived motion directions. Pairs of vibration stimulators were attached to the participants’ forearms and stimulator distances were varied within and between forearms. We compared straight and rotated forearm conditions with each other in order to disentangle the roles of exogenous and endogenous reference frames.
Increasing the tactile SAM’s AR biased perception towards vertical motion, but the effect was weak compared to the visual modality. We found no horizontal disambiguation, even for very small tactile ARs. A forearm rotation by 90° kept the vertical bias, even though it was now coupled with small ARs. A 45° rotation condition with crossed forearms, however, evoked a strong horizontal motion bias.
Existing approaches to explain the visual SAM bias fail to explain the current tactile results. Particularly puzzling is the strong horizontal bias in the crossed-forearm conditions. In the case of tactile apparent motion, there seem to be no fixed priority rule for perceptual disambiguation. Rather the weighting of available evidence seems to depend on the degree of stimulus ambiguity, the current situation and on the perceptual strategy of the individual observer.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152736
PubMed: 27171276
PubMed Central: 4865082
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000565
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000565
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000167
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 004230
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 004230
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4865082Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Ambiguity in Tactile Apparent Motion Perception</title>
<author><name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bach, Michael" sort="Bach, Michael" uniqKey="Bach M" first="Michael" last="Bach">Michael Bach</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" sort="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" uniqKey="Tebartz Van Elst L" first="Ludger" last="Tebartz Van Elst">Ludger Tebartz Van Elst</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heinrich, Sven P" sort="Heinrich, Sven P" uniqKey="Heinrich S" first="Sven P." last="Heinrich">Sven P. Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, Jurgen" sort="Kornmeier, Jurgen" uniqKey="Kornmeier J" first="Jürgen" last="Kornmeier">Jürgen Kornmeier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">27171276</idno>
<idno type="pmc">4865082</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4865082</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:4865082</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0152736</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000565</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000565</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000167</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004230</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">004230</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">004230</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Ambiguity in Tactile Apparent Motion Perception</title>
<author><name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bach, Michael" sort="Bach, Michael" uniqKey="Bach M" first="Michael" last="Bach">Michael Bach</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" sort="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" uniqKey="Tebartz Van Elst L" first="Ludger" last="Tebartz Van Elst">Ludger Tebartz Van Elst</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heinrich, Sven P" sort="Heinrich, Sven P" uniqKey="Heinrich S" first="Sven P." last="Heinrich">Sven P. Heinrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, Jurgen" sort="Kornmeier, Jurgen" uniqKey="Kornmeier J" first="Jürgen" last="Kornmeier">Jürgen Kornmeier</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Eye Center, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</region>
<settlement type="city">Fribourg-en-Brisgau</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title>
<p>In von Schiller’s Stroboscopic Alternative Motion (SAM) stimulus two visually presented diagonal dot pairs, located on the corners of an imaginary rectangle, alternate with each other and induce either horizontal, vertical or, rarely, rotational motion percepts. SAM motion perception can be described by a psychometric function of the dot aspect ratio (“AR”, i.e. the relation between vertical and horizontal dot distances). Further, with equal horizontal and vertical dot distances (AR = 1) perception is biased towards vertical motion. In a series of five experiments, we presented tactile SAM versions and studied the role of AR and of different reference frames for the perception of tactile apparent motion.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title>
<p>We presented tactile SAM stimuli and varied the ARs, while participants reported the perceived motion directions. Pairs of vibration stimulators were attached to the participants’ forearms and stimulator distances were varied within and between forearms. We compared straight and rotated forearm conditions with each other in order to disentangle the roles of exogenous and endogenous reference frames.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title>
<p>Increasing the tactile SAM’s AR biased perception towards vertical motion, but the effect was weak compared to the visual modality. We found no horizontal disambiguation, even for very small tactile ARs. A forearm rotation by 90° kept the vertical bias, even though it was now coupled with small ARs. A 45° rotation condition with crossed forearms, however, evoked a strong horizontal motion bias.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec004"><title>Discussion</title>
<p>Existing approaches to explain the visual SAM bias fail to explain the current tactile results. Particularly puzzling is the strong horizontal bias in the crossed-forearm conditions. In the case of tactile apparent motion, there seem to be no fixed priority rule for perceptual disambiguation. Rather the weighting of available evidence seems to depend on the degree of stimulus ambiguity, the current situation and on the perceptual strategy of the individual observer.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, J" uniqKey="Kornmeier J">J Kornmeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mayer, G" uniqKey="Mayer G">G Mayer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Necker, La" uniqKey="Necker L">LA Necker</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ammons, Rb" uniqKey="Ammons R">RB Ammons</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ulrich, P" uniqKey="Ulrich P">P Ulrich</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schiller, Pv" uniqKey="Schiller P">PV Schiller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boring, Eg" uniqKey="Boring E">EG Boring</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Blake, R" uniqKey="Blake R">R Blake</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Logothetis, Nk" uniqKey="Logothetis N">NK Logothetis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O Hea, Rp" uniqKey="O Hea R">RP O’Shea</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, J" uniqKey="Kornmeier J">J Kornmeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roeber, U" uniqKey="Roeber U">U Roeber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ward, Lm" uniqKey="Ward L">LM Ward</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brascamp, Jw" uniqKey="Brascamp J">JW Brascamp</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Ee, R" uniqKey="Van Ee R">R van Ee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pestman, Wr" uniqKey="Pestman W">WR Pestman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Den Berg, Av" uniqKey="Van Den Berg A">AV van den Berg</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wernery, J" uniqKey="Wernery J">J Wernery</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atmanspacher, H" uniqKey="Atmanspacher H">H Atmanspacher</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, J" uniqKey="Kornmeier J">J Kornmeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Candia, V" uniqKey="Candia V">V Candia</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Folkers, G" uniqKey="Folkers G">G Folkers</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wittmann, M" uniqKey="Wittmann M">M Wittmann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, J" uniqKey="Kornmeier J">J Kornmeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hein, Cm" uniqKey="Hein C">CM Hein</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bach, M" uniqKey="Bach M">M Bach</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leopold, Da" uniqKey="Leopold D">DA Leopold</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Logothetis, Nk" uniqKey="Logothetis N">NK Logothetis</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miller, Ga" uniqKey="Miller G">GA Miller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Radilova, J" uniqKey="Radilova J">J Radilová</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poppel, E" uniqKey="Poppel E">E Pöppel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ilmberger, J" uniqKey="Ilmberger J">J Ilmberger</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhou, W" uniqKey="Zhou W">W Zhou</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, D" uniqKey="Chen D">D Chen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harrar, V" uniqKey="Harrar V">V Harrar</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Harris, Lr" uniqKey="Harris L">LR Harris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pikler, J" uniqKey="Pikler J">J Pikler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hein, E" uniqKey="Hein E">E Hein</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Cm" uniqKey="Moore C">CM Moore</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carter, O" uniqKey="Carter O">O Carter</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Konkle, T" uniqKey="Konkle T">T Konkle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Q" uniqKey="Wang Q">Q Wang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hayward, V" uniqKey="Hayward V">V Hayward</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, C" uniqKey="Moore C">C Moore</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kruse, P" uniqKey="Kruse P">P Kruse</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Carmesin, Ho" uniqKey="Carmesin H">HO Carmesin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pahlke, L" uniqKey="Pahlke L">L Pahlke</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Struber, D" uniqKey="Struber D">D Struber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stadler, M" uniqKey="Stadler M">M Stadler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bukowski, L" uniqKey="Bukowski L">L Bukowski</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hock, H" uniqKey="Hock H">H Hock</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huisman, A" uniqKey="Huisman A">A Huisman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nichols, D" uniqKey="Nichols D">D Nichols</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rivera, M" uniqKey="Rivera M">M Rivera</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chaudhuri, A" uniqKey="Chaudhuri A">A Chaudhuri</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Glaser, Da" uniqKey="Glaser D">DA Glaser</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gengerelli, Ja" uniqKey="Gengerelli J">JA Gengerelli</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Conrad, V" uniqKey="Conrad V">V Conrad</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vitello, Mp" uniqKey="Vitello M">MP Vitello</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Noppeney, U" uniqKey="Noppeney U">U Noppeney</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vitello, Mp" uniqKey="Vitello M">MP Vitello</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bach, M" uniqKey="Bach M">M Bach</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bach, M" uniqKey="Bach M">M Bach</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Edgington, Es" uniqKey="Edgington E">ES Edgington</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Onghena, P" uniqKey="Onghena P">P Onghena</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holm, S" uniqKey="Holm S">S Holm</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alais, D" uniqKey="Alais D">D Alais</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burr, D" uniqKey="Burr D">D Burr</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hock, Hs" uniqKey="Hock H">HS Hock</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelso, Ja" uniqKey="Kelso J">JA Kelso</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schoner, G" uniqKey="Schoner G">G Schoner</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gepshtein, S" uniqKey="Gepshtein S">S Gepshtein</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kubovy, M" uniqKey="Kubovy M">M Kubovy</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Overvliet, Ke" uniqKey="Overvliet K">KE Overvliet</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krampe, Rt" uniqKey="Krampe R">RT Krampe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wagemans, J" uniqKey="Wagemans J">J Wagemans</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maloney, Lt" uniqKey="Maloney L">LT Maloney</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Martello, Mfd" uniqKey="Martello M">MFD Martello</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sahm, C" uniqKey="Sahm C">C Sahm</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spillmann, L" uniqKey="Spillmann L">L Spillmann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Jl" uniqKey="Schwartz J">JL Schwartz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grimault, N" uniqKey="Grimault N">N Grimault</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hupe, Jm" uniqKey="Hupe J">JM Hupe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Bc" uniqKey="Moore B">BC Moore</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pressnitzer, D" uniqKey="Pressnitzer D">D Pressnitzer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Long, Gm" uniqKey="Long G">GM Long</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Toppino, Tc" uniqKey="Toppino T">TC Toppino</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kornmeier, J" uniqKey="Kornmeier J">J Kornmeier</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bach, M" uniqKey="Bach M">M Bach</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Genc, E" uniqKey="Genc E">E Genç</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bergmann, J" uniqKey="Bergmann J">J Bergmann</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Singer, W" uniqKey="Singer W">W Singer</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kohler, A" uniqKey="Kohler A">A Kohler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Struber, D" uniqKey="Struber D">D Strüber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rach, S" uniqKey="Rach S">S Rach</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Trautmann Lengsfeld, Sa" uniqKey="Trautmann Lengsfeld S">SA Trautmann-Lengsfeld</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Engel, Ak" uniqKey="Engel A">AK Engel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herrmann, Cs" uniqKey="Herrmann C">CS Herrmann</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eickhoff, Sb" uniqKey="Eickhoff S">SB Eickhoff</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grefkes, C" uniqKey="Grefkes C">C Grefkes</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fink, Gr" uniqKey="Fink G">GR Fink</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zilles, K" uniqKey="Zilles K">K Zilles</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heed, T" uniqKey="Heed T">T Heed</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roder, B" uniqKey="Roder B">B Röder</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Murray, Mm" uniqKey="Murray M">MM Murray</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wallace, Mt" uniqKey="Wallace M">MT Wallace</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clement, G" uniqKey="Clement G">G Clément</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Demel, M" uniqKey="Demel M">M Demel</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clement, G" uniqKey="Clement G">G Clément</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wood, Sj" uniqKey="Wood S">SJ Wood</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Von Helmholtz, H" uniqKey="Von Helmholtz H">H von Helmholtz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kersten, D" uniqKey="Kersten D">D Kersten</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mamassian, P" uniqKey="Mamassian P">P Mamassian</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yuille, A" uniqKey="Yuille A">A Yuille</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
</country>
<region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li>
<li>District de Fribourg-en-Brisgau</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Fribourg-en-Brisgau</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Bach, Michael" sort="Bach, Michael" uniqKey="Bach M" first="Michael" last="Bach">Michael Bach</name>
<name sortKey="Bach, Michael" sort="Bach, Michael" uniqKey="Bach M" first="Michael" last="Bach">Michael Bach</name>
<name sortKey="Heinrich, Sven P" sort="Heinrich, Sven P" uniqKey="Heinrich S" first="Sven P." last="Heinrich">Sven P. Heinrich</name>
<name sortKey="Heinrich, Sven P" sort="Heinrich, Sven P" uniqKey="Heinrich S" first="Sven P." last="Heinrich">Sven P. Heinrich</name>
<name sortKey="Kornmeier, Jurgen" sort="Kornmeier, Jurgen" uniqKey="Kornmeier J" first="Jürgen" last="Kornmeier">Jürgen Kornmeier</name>
<name sortKey="Kornmeier, Jurgen" sort="Kornmeier, Jurgen" uniqKey="Kornmeier J" first="Jürgen" last="Kornmeier">Jürgen Kornmeier</name>
<name sortKey="Kornmeier, Jurgen" sort="Kornmeier, Jurgen" uniqKey="Kornmeier J" first="Jürgen" last="Kornmeier">Jürgen Kornmeier</name>
<name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
<name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
<name sortKey="Liaci, Emanuela" sort="Liaci, Emanuela" uniqKey="Liaci E" first="Emanuela" last="Liaci">Emanuela Liaci</name>
<name sortKey="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" sort="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" uniqKey="Tebartz Van Elst L" first="Ludger" last="Tebartz Van Elst">Ludger Tebartz Van Elst</name>
<name sortKey="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" sort="Tebartz Van Elst, Ludger" uniqKey="Tebartz Van Elst L" first="Ludger" last="Tebartz Van Elst">Ludger Tebartz Van Elst</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/HapticV1/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 004230 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 004230 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Ticri/CIDE |area= HapticV1 |flux= Ncbi |étape= Checkpoint |type= RBID |clé= PMC:4865082 |texte= Ambiguity in Tactile Apparent Motion Perception }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:27171276" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a HapticV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.23. | ![]() |