Clinical Evidence for the Relationship between Nail Configuration and Mechanical Forces
Identifieur interne : 001375 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001374; suivant : 001376Clinical Evidence for the Relationship between Nail Configuration and Mechanical Forces
Auteurs : Hitomi Sano ; Rei OgawaSource :
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open [ 2169-7574 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Mechanobiology is an emerging field of science that focuses on the way physical forces and changes in cell or tissue mechanics contribute to development, physiology, and disease. As nails are always exposed to physical stimulation, mechanical forces may have a particularly pronounced effect on nail configuration and could be involved in the development of nail deformities. However, the role of mechanobiology in nail configuration and deformities has rarely been assessed. This review describes what is currently understood regarding the effect of mechanical force on nail configuration and deformities. On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that nails have an automatic curvature function that allows them to adapt to the daily upward mechanical forces. Under normal conditions, the upward daily mechanical force and the automatic curvature force are well balanced. However, an imbalance between these 2 forces may cause nail deformation. For example, pincer nails may be caused by the absence of upward mechanical forces or a genetic propensity increase in the automatic curvature force, whereas koilonychias may occur when the upward mechanical force exceeds the automatic curvature force, thereby causing the nail to curve outward. This hypothesis is a new concept that could aid the development of innovative methods to prevent and treat nail deformities.
Url:
DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000000057
PubMed: 25289309
PubMed Central: 4174141
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Clinical Evidence for the Relationship between Nail Configuration and Mechanical Forces</title><author><name sortKey="Sano, Hitomi" sort="Sano, Hitomi" uniqKey="Sano H" first="Hitomi" last="Sano">Hitomi Sano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, Rei" sort="Ogawa, Rei" uniqKey="Ogawa R" first="Rei" last="Ogawa">Rei Ogawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25289309</idno><idno type="pmc">4174141</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4174141</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4174141</idno><idno type="doi">10.1097/GOX.0000000000000057</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002451</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002451</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000D66</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003350</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003350</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">003350</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001381</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001375</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001375</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Clinical Evidence for the Relationship between Nail Configuration and Mechanical Forces</title><author><name sortKey="Sano, Hitomi" sort="Sano, Hitomi" uniqKey="Sano H" first="Hitomi" last="Sano">Hitomi Sano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogawa, Rei" sort="Ogawa, Rei" uniqKey="Ogawa R" first="Rei" last="Ogawa">Rei Ogawa</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open</title><idno type="eISSN">2169-7574</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Summary:</title><p>Mechanobiology is an emerging field of science that focuses on the way physical forces and changes in cell or tissue mechanics contribute to development, physiology, and disease. As nails are always exposed to physical stimulation, mechanical forces may have a particularly pronounced effect on nail configuration and could be involved in the development of nail deformities. However, the role of mechanobiology in nail configuration and deformities has rarely been assessed. This review describes what is currently understood regarding the effect of mechanical force on nail configuration and deformities. On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that nails have an automatic curvature function that allows them to adapt to the daily upward mechanical forces. Under normal conditions, the upward daily mechanical force and the automatic curvature force are well balanced. However, an imbalance between these 2 forces may cause nail deformation. For example, pincer nails may be caused by the absence of upward mechanical forces or a genetic propensity increase in the automatic curvature force, whereas koilonychias may occur when the upward mechanical force exceeds the automatic curvature force, thereby causing the nail to curve outward. This hypothesis is a new concept that could aid the development of innovative methods to prevent and treat nail deformities.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Duncan, Rl" uniqKey="Duncan R">RL Duncan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turner, Ch" uniqKey="Turner C">CH Turner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aronson, J" uniqKey="Aronson J">J Aronson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Good, B" uniqKey="Good B">B Good</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, C" uniqKey="Stewart C">C Stewart</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carter, Dr" uniqKey="Carter D">DR Carter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beaupre, Gs" uniqKey="Beaupre G">GS Beaupré</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giori, Nj" uniqKey="Giori N">NJ Giori</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name 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