Haptic discrimination of object shape in humans: contribution of cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs
Identifieur interne : 007381 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 007380; suivant : 007382Haptic discrimination of object shape in humans: contribution of cutaneous and proprioceptive inputs
Auteurs : Julien Voisin [Canada] ; Yves Lamarre [Canada] ; C. Elaine Chapman [Canada]Source :
- Experimental brain research [ 0014-4819 ] ; 2002.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Homme.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anesthetics, Local (pharmacology), Cognition, Discrimination (Psychology) (drug effects), Discrimination (Psychology) (physiology), Discrimination task, Feedback regulation, Female, Fingers (physiology), Haptic perception, Human, Humans, Male, Mechanoreceptor, Memory, Proprioception, Proprioception (drug effects), Proprioception (physiology), Recognition (Psychology) (physiology), Shoulder (physiology), Stimulus shape, Tactile sensitivity, Touch (drug effects), Touch (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , pharmacology : Anesthetics, Local.
- drug effects : Discrimination (Psychology), Proprioception, Touch.
- physiology : Discrimination (Psychology), Fingers, Proprioception, Recognition (Psychology), Shoulder, Touch.
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Female, Humans, Male.
Abstract
Using two-dimensional (2D) angles composed of two straight, 8-cm-long arms that formed an angle, we investigated the importance of cutaneous feedback from the exploring index finger, and proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder (scanning movements made with the outstretched arm), to the human ability to discriminate small differences in the angles. Using a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm, subjects identified the larger angle in each pair explored (standard angle, 90°; comparison angles, 91° to 103°). Subjects were tested under four experimental conditions: (1) active touch (reference condition); (2) active touch with digital anaesthesia; (3) passive touch (a computer-controlled device displaced the angle under the subject's immobile digit); and (4) passive touch with digital anaesthesia. When only proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder was available (condition 2), there was a significant increase in discrimination threshold, from 4.0° in the reference condition (condition 1) to 7.2°, indicating that cutaneous feedback from the exploring digit contributed to task performance. When only cutaneous feedback from the finger was available (condition 3), there was also a significant increase in threshold from 4.2° in the active condition to 8.7°. This suggested that proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder, potentially from a variety of deep (muscle and joint) but also cutaneous receptors, contributed to the ability tc discriminate small changes in 2D angles. When both sources of feedback were eliminated (condition 4), subjects were unable to discriminate even the largest difference presented (13°). The results suggest that this sensory task is truly an integrative task drawing on sensory in formation from two different submodalities and so, following the definition of Gibson, is haptic in nature. The results are discussed in relation to the potential neural mechanisms that might underlie a task that requires integration across two anatomically separate body parts and two distinct modalities.
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Links to Exploration step
Pascal:03-0033726Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Using two-dimensional (2D) angles composed of two straight, 8-cm-long arms that formed an angle, we investigated the importance of cutaneous feedback from the exploring index finger, and proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder (scanning movements made with the outstretched arm), to the human ability to discriminate small differences in the angles. Using a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm, subjects identified the larger angle in each pair explored (standard angle, 90°; comparison angles, 91° to 103°). Subjects were tested under four experimental conditions: (1) active touch (reference condition); (2) active touch with digital anaesthesia; (3) passive touch (a computer-controlled device displaced the angle under the subject's immobile digit); and (4) passive touch with digital anaesthesia. When only proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder was available (condition 2), there was a significant increase in discrimination threshold, from 4.0° in the reference condition (condition 1) to 7.2°, indicating that cutaneous feedback from the exploring digit contributed to task performance. When only cutaneous feedback from the finger was available (condition 3), there was also a significant increase in threshold from 4.2° in the active condition to 8.7°. This suggested that proprioceptive feedback from the shoulder, potentially from a variety of deep (muscle and joint) but also cutaneous receptors, contributed to the ability tc discriminate small changes in 2D angles. When both sources of feedback were eliminated (condition 4), subjects were unable to discriminate even the largest difference presented (13°). The results suggest that this sensory task is truly an integrative task drawing on sensory in formation from two different submodalities and so, following the definition of Gibson, is haptic in nature. The results are discussed in relation to the potential neural mechanisms that might underlie a task that requires integration across two anatomically separate body parts and two distinct modalities.</div>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The human ability to recognize objects on the basis of their shape, as defined by active exploratory movements, is dependent on sensory feedback from mechanoreceptors located both in the skin and in deep structures ( haptic feedback). Surprisingly, we have little information about the mechanisms for integrating these different signals into a single sensory percept. With the eventual aim of studying the underlying central neural mechanisms, we developed a shape discrimination test that required active exploration of objects, but was restricted to one component of shape, two-dimensional (2D) angles. The angles were machined from 1-cm-thick Plexiglas, and consisted of two 8-cm-long arms that met to form an angle of 90 degrees (standard) or 91 degrees to 103 degrees (comparison angles). Subjects scanned pairs of angles with the index finger of the outstretched arm and identified the larger angle of each pair explored. Discrimination threshold (75% correct) was 4.7 degrees (range 0.7 degrees to 12.1 degrees), giving a precision of 5.2% (0.8-13.4%: difference/standard). Repeated blocks of trials, either in the same session or on different days, had no effect on discrimination threshold. In contrast, the motor strategy was partly modified: scanning speed increased but dwell-time at the intersection did not change. Finally, 2D angle discrimination was not significantly modified by rotating the orientation of one of the angles in the pair (0 degrees, 4 degrees or 8 degrees rotation towards the midline, in the vertical plane), providing evidence that subjects evaluated each angle independently in each trial. Subject reports indicated that they relied on cutaneous feedback from the exploring digit (amount of compression of the finger at the angle) and mental images of the angles, most likely arising from proprioceptive information (from the shoulder) generated during the to-and-fro scans over the angle. In terms of shoulder angles, the mean discrimination threshold here was 0.54 degrees (range 0.08 degrees to 1.36 degrees). These values are lower than previous estimates of position sense at the shoulder. In light of the subjects' strategies, it therefore seems likely that both cutaneous and proprioceptive (including both dynamic and static position-related signals) feedback contributed to the haptic discrimination of 2D angles.</div>
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