Feed‐forward control of preshaping in the rat is mediated by the corticospinal tract
Identifieur interne : 001D95 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001D94; suivant : 001D96Feed‐forward control of preshaping in the rat is mediated by the corticospinal tract
Auteurs : Jason B. Carmel ; Sangsoo Kim ; Marcel Brus Amer ; John H. MartinSource :
- European Journal of Neuroscience [ 0953-816X ] ; 2010-11.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Rats are used to model human corticospinal tract (CST) injury and repair. We asked whether rats possess the ability to orient their paw to the reaching target and whether the CST mediates this skill, as it does in primates. To test this ability, called preshaping, we trained rats to reach for pieces of pasta oriented either vertically or horizontally. We measured paw angle relative to the target and asked whether rats used target information attained before contact to preshape the paw, indicating feed‐forward control. We also determined whether preshaping improved with practice. We then selectively lesioned the CST in the medullary pyramid contralateral to the reaching forepaw to test whether preshaping relies on the CST. Rats significantly oriented their paw to the pasta orientation before contact, demonstrating feed‐forward control. Both preshaping and reaching efficiency improved with practice, while selective CST lesion abrogated both. The loss of preshaping was greatest for pasta oriented vertically, suggesting loss of supination, as seen with human CST injury. The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. Understanding the basis for this skill and measuring its recovery after injury will be important for studying higher‐level motor control in rats.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07440.x
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Carmel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Burke‐Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Sangsoo" sort="Kim, Sangsoo" uniqKey="Kim S" first="Sangsoo" last="Kim">Sangsoo Kim</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brus Amer, Marcel" sort="Brus Amer, Marcel" uniqKey="Brus Amer M" first="Marcel" last="Brus Amer">Marcel Brus Amer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, John H" sort="Martin, John H" uniqKey="Martin J" first="John H." last="Martin">John H. 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The loss of preshaping was greatest for pasta oriented vertically, suggesting loss of supination, as seen with human CST injury. The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. Understanding the basis for this skill and measuring its recovery after injury will be important for studying higher‐level motor control in rats.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Jason B. 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The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. 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We asked whether rats possess the ability to orient their paw to the reaching target and whether the CST mediates this skill, as it does in primates. To test this ability, called preshaping, we trained rats to reach for pieces of pasta oriented either vertically or horizontally. We measured paw angle relative to the target and asked whether rats used target information attained before contact to preshape the paw, indicating feed‐forward control. We also determined whether preshaping improved with practice. We then selectively lesioned the CST in the medullary pyramid contralateral to the reaching forepaw to test whether preshaping relies on the CST. Rats significantly oriented their paw to the pasta orientation before contact, demonstrating feed‐forward control. Both preshaping and reaching efficiency improved with practice, while selective CST lesion abrogated both. The loss of preshaping was greatest for pasta oriented vertically, suggesting loss of supination, as seen with human CST injury. The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. Understanding the basis for this skill and measuring its recovery after injury will be important for studying higher‐level motor control in rats.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>activity</term></item><item><term>injury</term></item><item><term>motor control</term></item><item><term>motor cortex</term></item><item><term>motor learning</term></item><item><term>repair</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2010-11">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/75B74A7DB092E054F7F20587CA2032ADDC991E3B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1460-9568</doi><issn type="print">0953-816X</issn><issn type="electronic">1460-9568</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="EJN"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE">European Journal of Neuroscience</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="11110"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/ejn.2010.32.issue-10</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="32">32</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="10">10</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2010-11">November 2010</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="8" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07440.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="EJN7440"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="8"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">NEUROSYSTEMS</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2010 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience © 2010 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.26 mode:FullText" date="2010-11-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2010-10-12"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2010-10-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2010-11-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-16"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="1678">1678</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="1685">1685</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>J. B. Carmel, <sup>1</sup>Burke‐Cornell Medical Research Institute, as above.
E‐mail: <email>jcarmel@burke.org</email>
J. H. Martin, <sup>2</sup>Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, as above.
E‐mail: <email>jmartin@ccny.cuny.edu</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:EJN.EJN7440.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 26 July 2010, revised 12 August 2010, accepted 13 August 2010</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="7"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Feed‐forward control of preshaping in the rat is mediated by the corticospinal tract</title><title type="shortAuthors">J. B. Carmel <i>et al.</i></title><title type="short">Corticospinal control of preshaping in the rat</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1 #a2"><personName><givenNames>Jason B.</givenNames><familyName>Carmel</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Sangsoo</givenNames><familyName>Kim</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Marcel</givenNames><familyName>Brus‐Ramer</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2 #a3 #a4 #a5"><personName><givenNames>John H.</givenNames><familyName>Martin</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Burke‐Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Departments of Neurological Surgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>N.Y.S. Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">activity</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">injury</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">motor control</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">motor cortex</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">motor learning</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">repair</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Rats are used to model human corticospinal tract (CST) injury and repair. We asked whether rats possess the ability to orient their paw to the reaching target and whether the CST mediates this skill, as it does in primates. To test this ability, called preshaping, we trained rats to reach for pieces of pasta oriented either vertically or horizontally. We measured paw angle relative to the target and asked whether rats used target information attained before contact to preshape the paw, indicating feed‐forward control. We also determined whether preshaping improved with practice. We then selectively lesioned the CST in the medullary pyramid contralateral to the reaching forepaw to test whether preshaping relies on the CST. Rats significantly oriented their paw to the pasta orientation before contact, demonstrating feed‐forward control. Both preshaping and reaching efficiency improved with practice, while selective CST lesion abrogated both. The loss of preshaping was greatest for pasta oriented vertically, suggesting loss of supination, as seen with human CST injury. The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. Understanding the basis for this skill and measuring its recovery after injury will be important for studying higher‐level motor control in rats.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Feed‐forward control of preshaping in the rat is mediated by the corticospinal tract</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Corticospinal control of preshaping in the rat</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Feed‐forward control of preshaping in the rat is mediated by the corticospinal tract</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jason B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Carmel</namePart><affiliation>Burke‐Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sangsoo</namePart><namePart type="family">Kim</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Marcel</namePart><namePart type="family">Brus‐Ramer</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">John H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Martin</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Departments of Neurological Surgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><affiliation>N.Y.S. Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010-11</dateIssued><edition>Received 26 July 2010, revised 12 August 2010, accepted 13 August 2010</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2010</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">7</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Rats are used to model human corticospinal tract (CST) injury and repair. We asked whether rats possess the ability to orient their paw to the reaching target and whether the CST mediates this skill, as it does in primates. To test this ability, called preshaping, we trained rats to reach for pieces of pasta oriented either vertically or horizontally. We measured paw angle relative to the target and asked whether rats used target information attained before contact to preshape the paw, indicating feed‐forward control. We also determined whether preshaping improved with practice. We then selectively lesioned the CST in the medullary pyramid contralateral to the reaching forepaw to test whether preshaping relies on the CST. Rats significantly oriented their paw to the pasta orientation before contact, demonstrating feed‐forward control. Both preshaping and reaching efficiency improved with practice, while selective CST lesion abrogated both. The loss of preshaping was greatest for pasta oriented vertically, suggesting loss of supination, as seen with human CST injury. The degree of preshaping loss strongly correlated with the amount of skill acquired at baseline, suggesting that the CST mediates the learned component of preshaping. Finally, the amount of preshaping lost after injury strongly correlated with reduced retrieval success, showing an important functional consequence for preshaping. We have thus demonstrated, for the first time, preshaping in the rat and dependence of this skill on the CST. Understanding the basis for this skill and measuring its recovery after injury will be important for studying higher‐level motor control in rats.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>activity</topic><topic>injury</topic><topic>motor control</topic><topic>motor cortex</topic><topic>motor learning</topic><topic>repair</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>European Journal of Neuroscience</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0953-816X</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1460-9568</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1460-9568</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">EJN</identifier><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>32</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>10</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1678</start><end>1685</end><total>8</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">75B74A7DB092E054F7F20587CA2032ADDC991E3B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07440.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">EJN7440</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2010 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience © 2010 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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