Multisensory learning of letters and abstract shapes in young children and adults
Identifieur interne : 000395 ( Hal/Corpus ); précédent : 000394; suivant : 000396Multisensory learning of letters and abstract shapes in young children and adults
Auteurs : Anne Hillairet De BoisferonSource :
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English descriptors
Abstract
Learning to read in an alphabetic system requires children to understand that letters (graphemes) in written language correspond to sounds (phonemes) in oral language. To learn these novel associations requires several years of specific instruction. Using some methods early on to prepare children for this seems efficient, where the methods are designed to reinforce the link observed between perceptive and motor abilities during reading and handwriting acquisition. The main goal of this work was to understand the way manual haptic exploration of cursive letters can enhance pseudo-words decoding and handwriting fluidity in letters production in senior kindergarten children. To do so, we compared multisensory trainings involving haptic and visual modalities, in the proposed motor activities around the letters, to visual or haptic unisensory tranings. This work was realised according to two axes: for the first, in senior kindergarten children shown graphemes and phonemes, and for the second, in adults shown a new learning of unseen abstract forms and auditory stimuli. Results reveal that motor activity around letters and abstract forms does not enhance participant's memorisation despite exploratory motions intimately related to their shapes. Nevertheless, we showed in a robust way a more important associative learning of letters and sounds after a visuo-haptic exploration of letters. In addition, this enhancement is not only due to a more sequential exploration induced by the haptic modality but more to the motor activity per se. Haptic modality could be at the origin of a "binding" effect between visual and auditory stimuli. Finally, getting children into the habit of handwriting motion of cursive letters via a haptic exploration (arm robot device), enhances their handwriting fluidity. Demonstration of a static and dynamic model of letters could help children in the acquisition of some motor rules production (as strokes order and kinematics) and in the construction of more complete motor representations of letters. Taken together, results suggest a significant impact of the haptic exploration of letters in acquiring the skills of reading and handwriting and add weight to the suggestion that haptic exploration should be used in training programs designed to prepare children for acquiring these skills
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Learning to read in an alphabetic system requires children to understand that letters (graphemes) in written language correspond to sounds (phonemes) in oral language. To learn these novel associations requires several years of specific instruction. Using some methods early on to prepare children for this seems efficient, where the methods are designed to reinforce the link observed between perceptive and motor abilities during reading and handwriting acquisition. The main goal of this work was to understand the way manual haptic exploration of cursive letters can enhance pseudo-words decoding and handwriting fluidity in letters production in senior kindergarten children. To do so, we compared multisensory trainings involving haptic and visual modalities, in the proposed motor activities around the letters, to visual or haptic unisensory tranings. This work was realised according to two axes: for the first, in senior kindergarten children shown graphemes and phonemes, and for the second, in adults shown a new learning of unseen abstract forms and auditory stimuli. Results reveal that motor activity around letters and abstract forms does not enhance participant's memorisation despite exploratory motions intimately related to their shapes. Nevertheless, we showed in a robust way a more important associative learning of letters and sounds after a visuo-haptic exploration of letters. In addition, this enhancement is not only due to a more sequential exploration induced by the haptic modality but more to the motor activity per se. Haptic modality could be at the origin of a "binding" effect between visual and auditory stimuli. Finally, getting children into the habit of handwriting motion of cursive letters via a haptic exploration (arm robot device), enhances their handwriting fluidity. Demonstration of a static and dynamic model of letters could help children in the acquisition of some motor rules production (as strokes order and kinematics) and in the construction of more complete motor representations of letters. Taken together, results suggest a significant impact of the haptic exploration of letters in acquiring the skills of reading and handwriting and add weight to the suggestion that haptic exploration should be used in training programs designed to prepare children for acquiring these skills</div>
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<abstract xml:lang="en">Learning to read in an alphabetic system requires children to understand that letters (graphemes) in written language correspond to sounds (phonemes) in oral language. To learn these novel associations requires several years of specific instruction. Using some methods early on to prepare children for this seems efficient, where the methods are designed to reinforce the link observed between perceptive and motor abilities during reading and handwriting acquisition. The main goal of this work was to understand the way manual haptic exploration of cursive letters can enhance pseudo-words decoding and handwriting fluidity in letters production in senior kindergarten children. To do so, we compared multisensory trainings involving haptic and visual modalities, in the proposed motor activities around the letters, to visual or haptic unisensory tranings. This work was realised according to two axes: for the first, in senior kindergarten children shown graphemes and phonemes, and for the second, in adults shown a new learning of unseen abstract forms and auditory stimuli. Results reveal that motor activity around letters and abstract forms does not enhance participant's memorisation despite exploratory motions intimately related to their shapes. Nevertheless, we showed in a robust way a more important associative learning of letters and sounds after a visuo-haptic exploration of letters. In addition, this enhancement is not only due to a more sequential exploration induced by the haptic modality but more to the motor activity per se. Haptic modality could be at the origin of a "binding" effect between visual and auditory stimuli. Finally, getting children into the habit of handwriting motion of cursive letters via a haptic exploration (arm robot device), enhances their handwriting fluidity. Demonstration of a static and dynamic model of letters could help children in the acquisition of some motor rules production (as strokes order and kinematics) and in the construction of more complete motor representations of letters. Taken together, results suggest a significant impact of the haptic exploration of letters in acquiring the skills of reading and handwriting and add weight to the suggestion that haptic exploration should be used in training programs designed to prepare children for acquiring these skills</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">Pour apprendre à lire dans un système d'écriture alphabétique, les enfants doivent comprendre que les lettres (graphèmes) de l'écrit représentent les sons (phonèmes) de l'oral. Comprendre et apprendre ces nouvelles associations ainsi qu'automatiser leur utilisation nécessite plusieurs années d'enseignement spécifique. Des études ont montré que des méthodes précoces de préparation aux apprentissages qui renforcent les liens entre les compétences perceptives et motrices sollicitées lors de l'apprentissage conjoint de la lecture et de l'écriture seraient particulièrement efficaces. L'objectif principal de ce travail a été de comprendre la manière dont une exploration manuelle haptique de lettres cursives favorisait le décodage de pseudo-mots et la fluidité des tracés chez des enfants de grande section de maternelle. Nous avons donc comparé des entraînements multisensoriels, impliquant la modalité haptique et visuelle dans le travail d'exploration des lettres, à des entraînements unimodaux visuel ou haptique. Ce travail a été réalisé à travers deux axes : d'une part, chez des enfants de grande section de maternelle confrontés aux graphèmes et phonèmes, et d'autre part, chez des adultes confrontés à un nouvel apprentissage de formes abstraites et stimuli auditifs totalement inédits. Les résultats révèlent que l'activité motrice autour des lettres et des formes abstraites ne permet pas, malgré des mouvements d'exploration intimement liés à leur configuration spatiale, de favoriser leur mémorisation. Toutefois, nous mettons en évidence de manière robuste un meilleur apprentissage des associations entre les formes et les sons après une exploration visuelle et haptique des formes. De surcroît, cette amélioration ne serait pas uniquement due à la séquentialité de l'exploration induite par la modalité haptique, mais bien à la motricité elle-même. La modalité haptique pourrait donc servir de " ciment " entre les stimuli visuels et auditifs. Enfin, familiariser les enfants au geste d'écriture de lettres cursives, via une exploration haptique guidée (par un bras robot à retour de force), permet d'améliorer la fluidité de l'écriture. Présenter un patron de lettre à la fois statique et dynamique permettrait aux enfants d'assimiler certaines règles motrices de production (ordre de production, cinématique) et d'acquérir une représentation motrice plus complète de la lettre. L'ensemble des résultats suggère une influence significative de l'exploration haptique de lettres dans l'apprentissage de la lecture et de l'écriture et encourage donc sa prise en compte dans des entraînements visant à préparer ces apprentissages.</abstract>
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