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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Global Genomic Diversity of Human Papillomavirus 6 Based on 724 Isolates and 190 Complete Genome Sequences</title><author><name sortKey="Jelen, Mateja M" sort="Jelen, Mateja M" uniqKey="Jelen M" first="Mateja M." last="Jelen">Mateja M. Jelen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Zigui" sort="Chen, Zigui" uniqKey="Chen Z" first="Zigui" last="Chen">Zigui Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kocjan, Bostjan J" sort="Kocjan, Bostjan J" uniqKey="Kocjan B" first="Boštjan J." last="Kocjan">Boštjan J. Kocjan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burt, Felicity J" sort="Burt, Felicity J" uniqKey="Burt F" first="Felicity J." last="Burt">Felicity J. Burt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Paul K S" sort="Chan, Paul K S" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Paul K. S." last="Chan">Paul K. S. Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chouhy, Diego" sort="Chouhy, Diego" uniqKey="Chouhy D" first="Diego" last="Chouhy">Diego Chouhy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Human Virology Group, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Combrinck, Catharina E" sort="Combrinck, Catharina E" uniqKey="Combrinck C" first="Catharina E." last="Combrinck">Catharina E. Combrinck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coutlee, Francois" sort="Coutlee, Francois" uniqKey="Coutlee F" first="François" last="Coutlée">François Coutlée</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame-Pavillon Deschamps, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Estrade, Christine" sort="Estrade, Christine" uniqKey="Estrade C" first="Christine" last="Estrade">Christine Estrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferenczy, Alex" sort="Ferenczy, Alex" uniqKey="Ferenczy A" first="Alex" last="Ferenczy">Alex Ferenczy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Pathology, McGill University and Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fiander, Alison" sort="Fiander, Alison" uniqKey="Fiander A" first="Alison" last="Fiander">Alison Fiander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Eduardo L" sort="Franco, Eduardo L" uniqKey="Franco E" first="Eduardo L." last="Franco">Eduardo L. Franco</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Department of Oncology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garland, Suzanne M" sort="Garland, Suzanne M" uniqKey="Garland S" first="Suzanne M." last="Garland">Suzanne M. Garland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giri, Adriana A" sort="Giri, Adriana A" uniqKey="Giri A" first="Adriana A." last="Giri">Adriana A. Giri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Human Virology Group, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Joaquin Victor" sort="Gonzalez, Joaquin Victor" uniqKey="Gonzalez J" first="Joaquín Víctor" last="González">Joaquín Víctor González</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Oncogenic Viruses Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Groning, Arndt" sort="Groning, Arndt" uniqKey="Groning A" first="Arndt" last="Gröning">Arndt Gröning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heidrich, Kerstin" sort="Heidrich, Kerstin" uniqKey="Heidrich K" first="Kerstin" last="Heidrich">Kerstin Heidrich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hibbitts, Sam" sort="Hibbitts, Sam" uniqKey="Hibbitts S" first="Sam" last="Hibbitts">Sam Hibbitts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hosnjak, Lea" sort="Hosnjak, Lea" uniqKey="Hosnjak L" first="Lea" last="Hošnjak">Lea Hošnjak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luk, Tommy N M" sort="Luk, Tommy N M" uniqKey="Luk T" first="Tommy N. M." last="Luk">Tommy N. M. Luk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff16">Dermatology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff17">Department of Health, Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinic, Karina" sort="Marinic, Karina" uniqKey="Marinic K" first="Karina" last="Marinic">Karina Marinic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Histocompatibility and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Julio C. Perrando Hospital, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsukura, Toshihiko" sort="Matsukura, Toshihiko" uniqKey="Matsukura T" first="Toshihiko" last="Matsukura">Toshihiko Matsukura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Ganshintetsu Memorial Laboratory, Department of Virology II, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neumann, Anna" sort="Neumann, Anna" uniqKey="Neumann A" first="Anna" last="Neumann">Anna Neumann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ostrbenk, Anja" sort="Ostrbenk, Anja" uniqKey="Ostrbenk A" first="Anja" last="Oštrbenk">Anja Oštrbenk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Picconi, Maria Alejandra" sort="Picconi, Maria Alejandra" uniqKey="Picconi M" first="Maria Alejandra" last="Picconi">Maria Alejandra Picconi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Oncogenic Viruses Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, Harriet" sort="Richardson, Harriet" uniqKey="Richardson H" first="Harriet" last="Richardson">Harriet Richardson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff20">Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sagadin, Martin" sort="Sagadin, Martin" uniqKey="Sagadin M" first="Martin" last="Sagadin">Martin Sagadin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sahli, Roland" sort="Sahli, Roland" uniqKey="Sahli R" first="Roland" last="Sahli">Roland Sahli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seedat, Riaz Y" sort="Seedat, Riaz Y" uniqKey="Seedat R" first="Riaz Y." last="Seedat">Riaz Y. Seedat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff21">Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seme, Katja" sort="Seme, Katja" uniqKey="Seme K" first="Katja" last="Seme">Katja Seme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Severini, Alberto" sort="Severini, Alberto" uniqKey="Severini A" first="Alberto" last="Severini">Alberto Severini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff22">Viral Exanthemata and STD Section, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinchi, Jessica L" sort="Sinchi, Jessica L" uniqKey="Sinchi J" first="Jessica L." last="Sinchi">Jessica L. Sinchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Histocompatibility and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Julio C. Perrando Hospital, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smahelova, Jana" sort="Smahelova, Jana" uniqKey="Smahelova J" first="Jana" last="Smahelova">Jana Smahelova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Experimental Virology, National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sepehr N" sort="Tabrizi, Sepehr N" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sepehr N." last="Tabrizi">Sepehr N. Tabrizi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tachezy, Ruth" sort="Tachezy, Ruth" uniqKey="Tachezy R" first="Ruth" last="Tachezy">Ruth Tachezy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Experimental Virology, National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tohme, Sarah" sort="Tohme, Sarah" uniqKey="Tohme S" first="Sarah" last="Tohme">Sarah Tohme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff22">Viral Exanthemata and STD Section, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uloza, Virgilijus" sort="Uloza, Virgilijus" uniqKey="Uloza V" first="Virgilijus" last="Uloza">Virgilijus Uloza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff24">Department of Otolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vitkauskiene, Astra" sort="Vitkauskiene, Astra" uniqKey="Vitkauskiene A" first="Astra" last="Vitkauskiene">Astra Vitkauskiene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff25">Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Yong Wee" sort="Wong, Yong Wee" uniqKey="Wong Y" first="Yong Wee" last="Wong">Yong Wee Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff26">DNA Laboratories Sdn. Bhd., UKM-MTDC Technology Centre, Universti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zidovec Lepej, Snjezana" sort="Zidovec Lepej, Snjezana" uniqKey="Zidovec Lepej S" first="Snježana" last="Židovec Lepej">Snježana Židovec Lepej</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff27">Department of Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljević, Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burk, Robert D" sort="Burk, Robert D" uniqKey="Burk R" first="Robert D." last="Burk">Robert D. Burk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff28">Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Epidemiology and Population Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poljak, Mario" sort="Poljak, Mario" uniqKey="Poljak M" first="Mario" last="Poljak">Mario Poljak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24741079</idno><idno type="pmc">4054425</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4054425</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4054425</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JVI.00621-14</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000096</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000096</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Global Genomic Diversity of Human Papillomavirus 6 Based on 724 Isolates and 190 Complete Genome Sequences</title><author><name sortKey="Jelen, Mateja M" sort="Jelen, Mateja M" uniqKey="Jelen M" first="Mateja M." last="Jelen">Mateja M. Jelen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Zigui" sort="Chen, Zigui" uniqKey="Chen Z" first="Zigui" last="Chen">Zigui Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kocjan, Bostjan J" sort="Kocjan, Bostjan J" uniqKey="Kocjan B" first="Boštjan J." last="Kocjan">Boštjan J. Kocjan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burt, Felicity J" sort="Burt, Felicity J" uniqKey="Burt F" first="Felicity J." last="Burt">Felicity J. Burt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Paul K S" sort="Chan, Paul K S" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Paul K. S." last="Chan">Paul K. S. Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chouhy, Diego" sort="Chouhy, Diego" uniqKey="Chouhy D" first="Diego" last="Chouhy">Diego Chouhy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Human Virology Group, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Combrinck, Catharina E" sort="Combrinck, Catharina E" uniqKey="Combrinck C" first="Catharina E." last="Combrinck">Catharina E. Combrinck</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coutlee, Francois" sort="Coutlee, Francois" uniqKey="Coutlee F" first="François" last="Coutlée">François Coutlée</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff6">Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame-Pavillon Deschamps, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Estrade, Christine" sort="Estrade, Christine" uniqKey="Estrade C" first="Christine" last="Estrade">Christine Estrade</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferenczy, Alex" sort="Ferenczy, Alex" uniqKey="Ferenczy A" first="Alex" last="Ferenczy">Alex Ferenczy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Pathology, McGill University and Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fiander, Alison" sort="Fiander, Alison" uniqKey="Fiander A" first="Alison" last="Fiander">Alison Fiander</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Franco, Eduardo L" sort="Franco, Eduardo L" uniqKey="Franco E" first="Eduardo L." last="Franco">Eduardo L. Franco</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff10">Department of Oncology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garland, Suzanne M" sort="Garland, Suzanne M" uniqKey="Garland S" first="Suzanne M." last="Garland">Suzanne M. Garland</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giri, Adriana A" sort="Giri, Adriana A" uniqKey="Giri A" first="Adriana A." last="Giri">Adriana A. Giri</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff5">Human Virology Group, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, Joaquin Victor" sort="Gonzalez, Joaquin Victor" uniqKey="Gonzalez J" first="Joaquín Víctor" last="González">Joaquín Víctor González</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Oncogenic Viruses Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Groning, Arndt" sort="Groning, Arndt" uniqKey="Groning A" first="Arndt" last="Gröning">Arndt Gröning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heidrich, Kerstin" sort="Heidrich, Kerstin" uniqKey="Heidrich K" first="Kerstin" last="Heidrich">Kerstin Heidrich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hibbitts, Sam" sort="Hibbitts, Sam" uniqKey="Hibbitts S" first="Sam" last="Hibbitts">Sam Hibbitts</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hosnjak, Lea" sort="Hosnjak, Lea" uniqKey="Hosnjak L" first="Lea" last="Hošnjak">Lea Hošnjak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luk, Tommy N M" sort="Luk, Tommy N M" uniqKey="Luk T" first="Tommy N. M." last="Luk">Tommy N. M. Luk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff16">Dermatology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff17">Department of Health, Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinic, Karina" sort="Marinic, Karina" uniqKey="Marinic K" first="Karina" last="Marinic">Karina Marinic</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Histocompatibility and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Julio C. Perrando Hospital, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsukura, Toshihiko" sort="Matsukura, Toshihiko" uniqKey="Matsukura T" first="Toshihiko" last="Matsukura">Toshihiko Matsukura</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Ganshintetsu Memorial Laboratory, Department of Virology II, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neumann, Anna" sort="Neumann, Anna" uniqKey="Neumann A" first="Anna" last="Neumann">Anna Neumann</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff15">Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ostrbenk, Anja" sort="Ostrbenk, Anja" uniqKey="Ostrbenk A" first="Anja" last="Oštrbenk">Anja Oštrbenk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Picconi, Maria Alejandra" sort="Picconi, Maria Alejandra" uniqKey="Picconi M" first="Maria Alejandra" last="Picconi">Maria Alejandra Picconi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Oncogenic Viruses Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, Harriet" sort="Richardson, Harriet" uniqKey="Richardson H" first="Harriet" last="Richardson">Harriet Richardson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff20">Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sagadin, Martin" sort="Sagadin, Martin" uniqKey="Sagadin M" first="Martin" last="Sagadin">Martin Sagadin</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sahli, Roland" sort="Sahli, Roland" uniqKey="Sahli R" first="Roland" last="Sahli">Roland Sahli</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff7">Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seedat, Riaz Y" sort="Seedat, Riaz Y" uniqKey="Seedat R" first="Riaz Y." last="Seedat">Riaz Y. Seedat</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff21">Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seme, Katja" sort="Seme, Katja" uniqKey="Seme K" first="Katja" last="Seme">Katja Seme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Severini, Alberto" sort="Severini, Alberto" uniqKey="Severini A" first="Alberto" last="Severini">Alberto Severini</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff22">Viral Exanthemata and STD Section, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinchi, Jessica L" sort="Sinchi, Jessica L" uniqKey="Sinchi J" first="Jessica L." last="Sinchi">Jessica L. Sinchi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff18">Histocompatibility and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Julio C. Perrando Hospital, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smahelova, Jana" sort="Smahelova, Jana" uniqKey="Smahelova J" first="Jana" last="Smahelova">Jana Smahelova</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Experimental Virology, National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabrizi, Sepehr N" sort="Tabrizi, Sepehr N" uniqKey="Tabrizi S" first="Sepehr N." last="Tabrizi">Sepehr N. Tabrizi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff12">Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tachezy, Ruth" sort="Tachezy, Ruth" uniqKey="Tachezy R" first="Ruth" last="Tachezy">Ruth Tachezy</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff23">Department of Experimental Virology, National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tohme, Sarah" sort="Tohme, Sarah" uniqKey="Tohme S" first="Sarah" last="Tohme">Sarah Tohme</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff22">Viral Exanthemata and STD Section, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uloza, Virgilijus" sort="Uloza, Virgilijus" uniqKey="Uloza V" first="Virgilijus" last="Uloza">Virgilijus Uloza</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff24">Department of Otolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vitkauskiene, Astra" sort="Vitkauskiene, Astra" uniqKey="Vitkauskiene A" first="Astra" last="Vitkauskiene">Astra Vitkauskiene</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff25">Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Yong Wee" sort="Wong, Yong Wee" uniqKey="Wong Y" first="Yong Wee" last="Wong">Yong Wee Wong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff26">DNA Laboratories Sdn. Bhd., UKM-MTDC Technology Centre, Universti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zidovec Lepej, Snjezana" sort="Zidovec Lepej, Snjezana" uniqKey="Zidovec Lepej S" first="Snježana" last="Židovec Lepej">Snježana Židovec Lepej</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff27">Department of Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljević, Zagreb, Croatia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Burk, Robert D" sort="Burk, Robert D" uniqKey="Burk R" first="Robert D." last="Burk">Robert D. Burk</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff28">Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Epidemiology and Population Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poljak, Mario" sort="Poljak, Mario" uniqKey="Poljak M" first="Mario" last="Poljak">Mario Poljak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV6) is the major etiological agent of anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas and has been included in both the quadrivalent and nonavalent prophylactic HPV vaccines. This study investigated the global genomic diversity of HPV6, using 724 isolates and 190 complete genomes from six continents, and the association of HPV6 genomic variants with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and gender. Initially, a 2,800-bp E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment was sequenced from 492/530 (92.8%) HPV6-positive samples collected for this study. Among them, 130 exhibited at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), indel, or amino acid change in the E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment and were sequenced in full. A global alignment and maximum likelihood tree of 190 complete HPV6 genomes (130 fully sequenced in this study and 60 obtained from sequence repositories) revealed two variant lineages, A and B, and five B sublineages: B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5. HPV6 (sub)lineage-specific SNPs and a 960-bp representative region for whole-genome-based phylogenetic clustering within the L2 open reading frame were identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lineage B predominated globally. Sublineage B3 was more common in Africa and North and South America, and lineage A was more common in Asia. Sublineages B1 and B3 were associated with anogenital infections, indicating a potential lesion-specific predilection of some HPV6 sublineages. Females had higher odds for infection with sublineage B3 than males. In conclusion, a global HPV6 phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two variant lineages and five sublineages, showing some degree of ethnogeographic, gender, and/or disease predilection in their distribution.</p><p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold> This study established the largest database of globally circulating HPV6 genomic variants and contributed a total of 130 new, complete HPV6 genome sequences to available sequence repositories. Two HPV6 variant lineages and five sublineages were identified and showed some degree of association with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and/or gender. We additionally identified several HPV6 lineage- and sublineage-specific SNPs to facilitate the identification of HPV6 variants and determined a representative region within the L2 gene that is suitable for HPV6 whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis. This study complements and significantly expands the current knowledge of HPV6 genetic diversity and forms a comprehensive basis for future epidemiological, evolutionary, functional, pathogenicity, vaccination, and molecular assay development studies.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Virol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Virol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jvi</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">jvi</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JVI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Virology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-538X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5514</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name><publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24741079</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4054425</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00621-14</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JVI.00621-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Genetic Diversity and Evolution</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Global Genomic Diversity of Human Papillomavirus 6 Based on 724 Isolates and 190 Complete Genome Sequences</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jelen</surname><given-names>Mateja M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Zigui</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kocjan</surname><given-names>Boštjan J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Burt</surname><given-names>Felicity J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chan</surname><given-names>Paul K. S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chouhy</surname><given-names>Diego</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Combrinck</surname><given-names>Catharina E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Coutlée</surname><given-names>François</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Estrade</surname><given-names>Christine</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ferenczy</surname><given-names>Alex</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>h</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fiander</surname><given-names>Alison</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Franco</surname><given-names>Eduardo L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>j</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Garland</surname><given-names>Suzanne M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>k</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>l</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>m</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Giri</surname><given-names>Adriana A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>González</surname><given-names>Joaquín Víctor</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"><sup>n</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gröning</surname><given-names>Arndt</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>o</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Heidrich</surname><given-names>Kerstin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>o</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hibbitts</surname><given-names>Sam</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>i</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hošnjak</surname><given-names>Lea</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Luk</surname><given-names>Tommy N. M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"><sup>p</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"><sup>q</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marinic</surname><given-names>Karina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18"><sup>r</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Matsukura</surname><given-names>Toshihiko</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19"><sup>s</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Neumann</surname><given-names>Anna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"><sup>o</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oštrbenk</surname><given-names>Anja</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Picconi</surname><given-names>Maria Alejandra</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"><sup>n</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Richardson</surname><given-names>Harriet</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20"><sup>t</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sagadin</surname><given-names>Martin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sahli</surname><given-names>Roland</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>g</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Seedat</surname><given-names>Riaz Y.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21"><sup>u</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Seme</surname><given-names>Katja</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Severini</surname><given-names>Alberto</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22"><sup>v</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sinchi</surname><given-names>Jessica L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18"><sup>r</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smahelova</surname><given-names>Jana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23"><sup>w</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tabrizi</surname><given-names>Sepehr N.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>k</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>l</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>m</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tachezy</surname><given-names>Ruth</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23"><sup>w</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tohme</surname><given-names>Sarah</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22"><sup>v</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Uloza</surname><given-names>Virgilijus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff24"><sup>x</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vitkauskiene</surname><given-names>Astra</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff25"><sup>y</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wong</surname><given-names>Yong Wee</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff26"><sup>z</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Židovec Lepej</surname><given-names>Snježana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff27"><sup>aa</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Burk</surname><given-names>Robert D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff28"><sup>ab</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Poljak</surname><given-names>Mario</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>e</label>Human Virology Group, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of Rosario, Rosario, Argentina</aff><aff id="aff6"><label>f</label>Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame-Pavillon Deschamps, Montréal, Québec, Canada</aff><aff id="aff7"><label>g</label>Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland</aff><aff id="aff8"><label>h</label>Department of Pathology, McGill University and Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada</aff><aff id="aff9"><label>i</label>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff, United Kingdom</aff><aff id="aff10"><label>j</label>Department of Oncology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada</aff><aff id="aff11"><label>k</label>Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff12"><label>l</label>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff13"><label>m</label>Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff14"><label>n</label>Oncogenic Viruses Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina</aff><aff id="aff15"><label>o</label>Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum wagnerstibbe für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathologie GmbH, Hannover, Germany</aff><aff id="aff16"><label>p</label>Dermatology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</aff><aff id="aff17"><label>q</label>Department of Health, Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China</aff><aff id="aff18"><label>r</label>Histocompatibility and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Julio C. Perrando Hospital, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina</aff><aff id="aff19"><label>s</label>Ganshintetsu Memorial Laboratory, Department of Virology II, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan</aff><aff id="aff20"><label>t</label>Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada</aff><aff id="aff21"><label>u</label>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa</aff><aff id="aff22"><label>v</label>Viral Exanthemata and STD Section, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</aff><aff id="aff23"><label>w</label>Department of Experimental Virology, National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic</aff><aff id="aff24"><label>x</label>Department of Otolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</aff><aff id="aff25"><label>y</label>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania</aff><aff id="aff26"><label>z</label>DNA Laboratories Sdn. Bhd., UKM-MTDC Technology Centre, Universti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia</aff><aff id="aff27"><label>aa</label>Department of Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljević, Zagreb, Croatia</aff><aff id="aff28"><label>ab</label>Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Epidemiology and Population Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Imperiale</surname><given-names>M. J.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Mario Poljak, <email>mario.poljak@mf.uni-lj.si</email>.</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>13</issue><fpage>7307</fpage><lpage>7316</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>2</day><month>3</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day><month>4</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zjv01314007307.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>Human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV6) is the major etiological agent of anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas and has been included in both the quadrivalent and nonavalent prophylactic HPV vaccines. This study investigated the global genomic diversity of HPV6, using 724 isolates and 190 complete genomes from six continents, and the association of HPV6 genomic variants with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and gender. Initially, a 2,800-bp E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment was sequenced from 492/530 (92.8%) HPV6-positive samples collected for this study. Among them, 130 exhibited at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), indel, or amino acid change in the E5a-E5b-L1-LCR fragment and were sequenced in full. A global alignment and maximum likelihood tree of 190 complete HPV6 genomes (130 fully sequenced in this study and 60 obtained from sequence repositories) revealed two variant lineages, A and B, and five B sublineages: B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5. HPV6 (sub)lineage-specific SNPs and a 960-bp representative region for whole-genome-based phylogenetic clustering within the L2 open reading frame were identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lineage B predominated globally. Sublineage B3 was more common in Africa and North and South America, and lineage A was more common in Asia. Sublineages B1 and B3 were associated with anogenital infections, indicating a potential lesion-specific predilection of some HPV6 sublineages. Females had higher odds for infection with sublineage B3 than males. In conclusion, a global HPV6 phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two variant lineages and five sublineages, showing some degree of ethnogeographic, gender, and/or disease predilection in their distribution.</p><p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold> This study established the largest database of globally circulating HPV6 genomic variants and contributed a total of 130 new, complete HPV6 genome sequences to available sequence repositories. Two HPV6 variant lineages and five sublineages were identified and showed some degree of association with geographical location, anatomical site of infection/disease, and/or gender. We additionally identified several HPV6 lineage- and sublineage-specific SNPs to facilitate the identification of HPV6 variants and determined a representative region within the L2 gene that is suitable for HPV6 whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis. This study complements and significantly expands the current knowledge of HPV6 genetic diversity and forms a comprehensive basis for future epidemiological, evolutionary, functional, pathogenicity, vaccination, and molecular assay development studies.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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