The Evolution of a High Copy Gene Array in Arabidopsis
Identifieur interne : 000185 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000184; suivant : 000186The Evolution of a High Copy Gene Array in Arabidopsis
Auteurs : Joshua Kane [États-Unis] ; Michael Freeling [États-Unis] ; Eric Lyons [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Molecular Evolution [ 0022-2844 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
Local gene duplication is a prominent mechanism of gene copy number expansion. Elucidating the mechanisms by which local duplicates arise is necessary in understanding the evolution of genomes and their host organisms. Chromosome one of
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9350-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-010-9350-2
PubMed: 20495794
PubMed Central: 2886086
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Local gene duplication is a prominent mechanism of gene copy number expansion. Elucidating the mechanisms by which local duplicates arise is necessary in understanding the evolution of genomes and their host organisms. Chromosome one of <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic>
contains an 81-gene array subdivided into 27 triplet units (t-units), with each t-unit containing three pre-transfer RNA genes. We utilized phylogenetic tree reconstructions and comparative genomics to order the events leading to the array’s formation, and propose a model using unequal crossing-over as the primary mechanism of array formation. The model is supported by additional phylogenetic information from intergenic spacer sequences separating each t-unit, comparative analysis to an orthologous array of 12 t-units in the sister taxa <italic>Arabidopsis lyrata</italic>
, and additional modeling using a stochastic simulation of orthologous array divergence. Lastly, comparative phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the two orthologous t-unit arrays undergo concerted evolution within each taxa and are likely fluctuating in copy number under neutral evolutionary drift. These findings hold larger implications for future research concerning gene and genome evolution.</p>
<sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title>
<p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9350-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Mol Evol</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Molecular Evolution</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0022-2844</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1432-1432</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Springer-Verlag</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>New York</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20495794</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2886086</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">9350</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00239-010-9350-2</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The Evolution of a High Copy Gene Array in <italic>Arabidopsis</italic>
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kane</surname>
<given-names>Joshua</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Freeling</surname>
<given-names>Michael</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Lyons</surname>
<given-names>Eric</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+1-510-6428058</phone>
<fax>+1-510-6424995</fax>
<email>elyons@berkeley.edu</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1">Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, 311 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>22</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>70</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>531</fpage>
<lpage>544</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s) 2010</copyright-statement>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Local gene duplication is a prominent mechanism of gene copy number expansion. Elucidating the mechanisms by which local duplicates arise is necessary in understanding the evolution of genomes and their host organisms. Chromosome one of <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic>
contains an 81-gene array subdivided into 27 triplet units (t-units), with each t-unit containing three pre-transfer RNA genes. We utilized phylogenetic tree reconstructions and comparative genomics to order the events leading to the array’s formation, and propose a model using unequal crossing-over as the primary mechanism of array formation. The model is supported by additional phylogenetic information from intergenic spacer sequences separating each t-unit, comparative analysis to an orthologous array of 12 t-units in the sister taxa <italic>Arabidopsis lyrata</italic>
, and additional modeling using a stochastic simulation of orthologous array divergence. Lastly, comparative phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the two orthologous t-unit arrays undergo concerted evolution within each taxa and are likely fluctuating in copy number under neutral evolutionary drift. These findings hold larger implications for future research concerning gene and genome evolution.</p>
<sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title>
<p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9350-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Comparative genomics</kwd>
<kwd>Concerted evolution</kwd>
<kwd>Phylogenetics</kwd>
<kwd>Tandem duplication</kwd>
<kwd>Local duplication</kwd>
<kwd>Gene array</kwd>
<kwd>tRNA</kwd>
<kwd>Arabidopsis</kwd>
<kwd>Synteny</kwd>
<kwd>Copy number variation</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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