A new Early Oligocene toothed ‘baleen’ whale (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae) from western North America: one of the oldest and the smallest
Identifieur interne : 000127 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000126; suivant : 000128A new Early Oligocene toothed ‘baleen’ whale (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae) from western North America: one of the oldest and the smallest
Auteurs : Felix G. Marx [Japon, Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Cheng-Hsiu Tsai [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; R. Ewan Fordyce [Nouvelle-Zélande, États-Unis]Source :
- Royal Society Open Science [ 2054-5703 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Archaic toothed mysticetes represent the evolutionary transition from raptorial to bulk filter feeding in baleen whales. Aetiocetids, in particular, preserve an intermediate morphological stage in which teeth functioned alongside a precursor of baleen, the hallmark of all modern mysticetes. To date, however, aetiocetids are almost exclusively Late Oligocene and coeval with both other toothed mysticetes and fully fledged filter feeders. By contrast, reports of cetaceans from the Early Oligocene remain rare, leaving the origins of aetiocetids, and thus of baleen, largely in the dark. Here, we report a new aetiocetid,
Url:
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150476
PubMed: 27019734
PubMed Central: 4807455
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A new Early Oligocene toothed ‘baleen’ whale (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae) from western North America: one of the oldest and the smallest</title>
<author><name sortKey="Marx, Felix G" sort="Marx, Felix G" uniqKey="Marx F" first="Felix G." last="Marx">Felix G. Marx</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tsai, Cheng Hsiu" sort="Tsai, Cheng Hsiu" uniqKey="Tsai C" first="Cheng-Hsiu" last="Tsai">Cheng-Hsiu Tsai</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fordyce, R Ewan" sort="Fordyce, R Ewan" uniqKey="Fordyce R" first="R. Ewan" last="Fordyce">R. Ewan Fordyce</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Archaic toothed mysticetes represent the evolutionary transition from raptorial to bulk filter feeding in baleen whales. Aetiocetids, in particular, preserve an intermediate morphological stage in which teeth functioned alongside a precursor of baleen, the hallmark of all modern mysticetes. To date, however, aetiocetids are almost exclusively Late Oligocene and coeval with both other toothed mysticetes and fully fledged filter feeders. By contrast, reports of cetaceans from the Early Oligocene remain rare, leaving the origins of aetiocetids, and thus of baleen, largely in the dark. Here, we report a new aetiocetid, <italic>Fucaia buelli</italic>
, from the earliest Oligocene (<italic>ca</italic>
33–31 Ma) of western North America. The new material narrows the temporal gap between aetiocetids and the oldest known mysticete, <italic>Llanocetus</italic>
(<italic>ca</italic>
34 Ma). The specimen preserves abundant morphological detail relating to the phylogenetically informative ear bones (otherwise poorly documented in this family), the hyoid apparatus and much of the (heterodont) dentition. <italic>Fucaia</italic>
comprises some of the smallest known mysticetes, comparable in size with the smallest odontocetes. Based on their phylogenetic relationships and dental and mandibular morphology, including tooth wear patterns, we propose that aetiocetids were suction-assisted raptorial feeders and interpret this strategy as a crucial, intermediary step, enabling the transition from raptorial to filter feeding. Following this line of argument, a combination of raptorial and suction feeding would have been ancestral to all toothed mysticetes, and possibly even baleen whales as a whole.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">R Soc Open Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">R Soc Open Sci</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RSOS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">royopensci</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Royal Society Open Science</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2054-5703</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>The Royal Society Publishing</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27019734</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4807455</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rsos.150476</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">rsos150476</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>1001</subject>
<subject>70</subject>
<subject>144</subject>
<subject>183</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biology (Whole Organism)</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="leader"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>A new Early Oligocene toothed ‘baleen’ whale (Mysticeti: Aetiocetidae) from western North America: one of the oldest and the smallest</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">New Early Oligocene aetiocetid</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marx</surname>
<given-names>Felix G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsai</surname>
<given-names>Cheng-Hsiu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fordyce</surname>
<given-names>R. Ewan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1"><label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geology and Palaeontology</addr-line>
,<institution>National Museum of Nature and Science</institution>
,<addr-line>Tsukuba, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="af2"><label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geology</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Otago</institution>
,<addr-line>Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="af3"><label>3</label>
<addr-line>Departments of Paleobiology and Vertebrate Zoology</addr-line>
,<institution>National Museum of Natural History</institution>
,<addr-line>Washington DC, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Author for correspondence: Felix G. Marx e-mail: <email>felix.marx@otago.ac.nz</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>2</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>2</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>2</volume>
<issue>12</issue>
<elocation-id>150476</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>11</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>30</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement></copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>© 2015 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="rsos150476.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>Archaic toothed mysticetes represent the evolutionary transition from raptorial to bulk filter feeding in baleen whales. Aetiocetids, in particular, preserve an intermediate morphological stage in which teeth functioned alongside a precursor of baleen, the hallmark of all modern mysticetes. To date, however, aetiocetids are almost exclusively Late Oligocene and coeval with both other toothed mysticetes and fully fledged filter feeders. By contrast, reports of cetaceans from the Early Oligocene remain rare, leaving the origins of aetiocetids, and thus of baleen, largely in the dark. Here, we report a new aetiocetid, <italic>Fucaia buelli</italic>
, from the earliest Oligocene (<italic>ca</italic>
33–31 Ma) of western North America. The new material narrows the temporal gap between aetiocetids and the oldest known mysticete, <italic>Llanocetus</italic>
(<italic>ca</italic>
34 Ma). The specimen preserves abundant morphological detail relating to the phylogenetically informative ear bones (otherwise poorly documented in this family), the hyoid apparatus and much of the (heterodont) dentition. <italic>Fucaia</italic>
comprises some of the smallest known mysticetes, comparable in size with the smallest odontocetes. Based on their phylogenetic relationships and dental and mandibular morphology, including tooth wear patterns, we propose that aetiocetids were suction-assisted raptorial feeders and interpret this strategy as a crucial, intermediary step, enabling the transition from raptorial to filter feeding. Following this line of argument, a combination of raptorial and suction feeding would have been ancestral to all toothed mysticetes, and possibly even baleen whales as a whole.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Mysticeti</kwd>
<kwd>baleen whale</kwd>
<kwd>Aetiocetidae</kwd>
<kwd>suction feeding</kwd>
<kwd>filter feeding</kwd>
<kwd>baleen</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group specific-use="FundRef"><award-group><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder_name">Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</named-content>
<named-content content-type="funder_identifier">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691</named-content>
</funding-source>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<funding-group specific-use="FundRef"><award-group><funding-source><named-content content-type="funder_name">University of Otago</named-content>
<named-content content-type="funder_identifier">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008247</named-content>
</funding-source>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name>
<meta-value>December, 2015</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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