Distribution of living Cupressaceae reflects the breakup of Pangea
Identifieur interne : 000399 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000398; suivant : 000400Distribution of living Cupressaceae reflects the breakup of Pangea
Auteurs : Kangshan Mao ; Richard I. Milne ; Libing Zhang ; Yanling Peng ; Jianquan Liu ; Philip Thomas ; Robert R. Mill ; Susanne S. RennerSource :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Most extant genus-level radiations in gymnosperms are of Oligocene age or younger, reflecting widespread extinction during climate cooling at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary [∼23 million years ago (Ma)]. Recent biogeographic studies have revealed many instances of long-distance dispersal in gymnosperms as well as in angiosperms. Acting together, extinction and long-distance dispersal are likely to erase historical biogeographic signals. Notwithstanding this problem, we show that phylogenetic relationships in the gymnosperm family Cupressaceae (162 species, 32 genera) exhibit patterns expected from the Jurassic/Cretaceous breakup of Pangea. A phylogeny was generated for 122 representatives covering all genera, using up to 10,000 nucleotides of plastid, mitochondrial, and nuclear sequence per species. Relying on 16 fossil calibration points and three molecular dating methods, we show that Cupressaceae originated during the Triassic, when Pangea was intact. Vicariance between the two subfamilies, the Laurasian Cupressoideae and the Gondwanan Callitroideae, occurred around 153 Ma (124–183 Ma), when Gondwana and Laurasia were separating. Three further intercontinental disjunctions involving the Northern and Southern Hemisphere are coincidental with or immediately followed the breakup of Pangea.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114319109
PubMed: 22550176
PubMed Central: 3356613
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PMC:3356613Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Most extant genus-level radiations in gymnosperms are of Oligocene age or younger, reflecting widespread extinction during climate cooling at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary [∼23 million years ago (Ma)]. Recent biogeographic studies have revealed many instances of long-distance dispersal in gymnosperms as well as in angiosperms. Acting together, extinction and long-distance dispersal are likely to erase historical biogeographic signals. Notwithstanding this problem, we show that phylogenetic relationships in the gymnosperm family Cupressaceae (162 species, 32 genera) exhibit patterns expected from the Jurassic/Cretaceous breakup of Pangea. A phylogeny was generated for 122 representatives covering all genera, using up to 10,000 nucleotides of plastid, mitochondrial, and nuclear sequence per species. Relying on 16 fossil calibration points and three molecular dating methods, we show that Cupressaceae originated during the Triassic, when Pangea was intact. Vicariance between the two subfamilies, the Laurasian Cupressoideae and the Gondwanan Callitroideae, occurred around 153 Ma (124–183 Ma), when Gondwana and Laurasia were separating. Three further intercontinental disjunctions involving the Northern and Southern Hemisphere are coincidental with or immediately followed the breakup of Pangea.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name>
</publisher>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22550176</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3356613</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201114319</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1114319109</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Evolution</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Distribution of living Cupressaceae reflects the breakup of Pangea</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short">Biogeographic history of Cupressaceae</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mao</surname>
<given-names>Kangshan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Milne</surname>
<given-names>Richard I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Libing</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>e</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Peng</surname>
<given-names>Yanling</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Jianquan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thomas</surname>
<given-names>Philip</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mill</surname>
<given-names>Robert R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>S. Renner</surname>
<given-names>Susanne</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>f</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences,<institution>Lanzhou University</institution>
, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000,<country>People's Republic of China</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Edinburgh</institution>
, Edinburgh EH9 3JH,<country>United Kingdom</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
<institution>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh</institution>
, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland,<country>United Kingdom</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
Chengdu Institute of Biology,<institution>Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People’s Republic of<country>China</country>
;</aff>
<aff id="aff5"><sup>e</sup>
<institution>Missouri Botanical Garden</institution>
, St. Louis,<addr-line>MO</addr-line>
63166;</aff>
<aff id="aff6"><sup>f</sup>
Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology,<institution>University of Munich</institution>
, 80638 Munich,<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>2</sup>
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>liujq@nwipb.ac.cn</email>
.</corresp>
<fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Charles C. Davis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and accepted by the Editorial Board March 21, 2012 (received for review September 2, 2011)</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: J.L., K.M., and R.I.M. designed research; K.M., R.I.M., L.Z., Y.P., P.T., R.R.M., and J.L. performed research; S.S.R. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; K.M., J.L., and S.S.R. analyzed data; and K.M., J.L., S.S.R., and R.I.M. wrote the paper.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="equal" id="fn1"><p><sup>1</sup>
K.M. and R.I.M. contributed equally to this work.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>15</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>1</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
. </pmc-comment>
<volume>109</volume>
<issue>20</issue>
<fpage>7793</fpage>
<lpage>7798</lpage>
<permissions><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.201114319.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>Most extant genus-level radiations in gymnosperms are of Oligocene age or younger, reflecting widespread extinction during climate cooling at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary [∼23 million years ago (Ma)]. Recent biogeographic studies have revealed many instances of long-distance dispersal in gymnosperms as well as in angiosperms. Acting together, extinction and long-distance dispersal are likely to erase historical biogeographic signals. Notwithstanding this problem, we show that phylogenetic relationships in the gymnosperm family Cupressaceae (162 species, 32 genera) exhibit patterns expected from the Jurassic/Cretaceous breakup of Pangea. A phylogeny was generated for 122 representatives covering all genera, using up to 10,000 nucleotides of plastid, mitochondrial, and nuclear sequence per species. Relying on 16 fossil calibration points and three molecular dating methods, we show that Cupressaceae originated during the Triassic, when Pangea was intact. Vicariance between the two subfamilies, the Laurasian Cupressoideae and the Gondwanan Callitroideae, occurred around 153 Ma (124–183 Ma), when Gondwana and Laurasia were separating. Three further intercontinental disjunctions involving the Northern and Southern Hemisphere are coincidental with or immediately followed the breakup of Pangea.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>ancestral areas reconstruction</kwd>
<kwd>molecular clock</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
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